Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments....

49
Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate it with stored sensory information. Regulation and Control: If necessary, Coordination: of both voluntary and involuntary muscle movements

TAGS:

Transcript of Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments....

Page 1: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Basic Tasks of the Nervous System

Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments.

Integration: Process the information and often integrate it with stored sensory information.

Regulation and Control: If necessary, signal effector organs to make an appropriate response.

Coordination: of both voluntary and involuntary muscle movements

Page 2: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

• Brain

WHAT PARTS DO YOU KNOW THAT ARE IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?

• Spinal Cord

• Peripheral Nerves

Page 3: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Structure of a Vertebrate Neuron

Page 4: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Myelinated Neurons

• Many vertebrate peripheral neurons have an insulating sheath around the axon called myelin which is formed by Schwann cells.

• Myelin sheathing allows these neurons to conduct nerve impulses faster than in non-myelinated neurons.

Page 5: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

How are neurons connected?

• Synapses!!

Page 6: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Why are neurons connected?

Page 7: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

AXON

The synapse - where the action happens

The next cell’s plasma membrane

What is this in the membrane?

Transport protein

Close up look at your synapse

Page 8: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

How does the Synapse carry the signal?

1. Action potential travels down the axon until it reaches the synapse. The action potential will NOT move across the synapse.

2. Vesicles with neurotransmitters move toward the membrane3. Chemicals are released into the synaptic cleft and diffuse

toward the next cell’s plasma membrane4. The chemicals open up the transport proteins and allow the

signal to pass to the next cell

Page 9: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Saltatory Conduction in Myelinated Axons

Myelin sheathing has bare patches of axon called nodes of Ranvier

Action potentials jump from node to node

Fig. 48.11

Page 10: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

1

23 4

The synapse carries a signal from cell to cell

Page 11: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 12: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 13: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

REFERENCES• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/facts.html• http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/campbell6e_awl/chapt

er0/deluxe.html• JOSHSANESPPT.PPT• www.alfamilyties.org/presentations/The%20Neurobiology%20of%

20Adolescent%20Substance%20Abuse%20II.ppt• http://www.nsbri.org/Education/High_Act.html• http://www.pfizer.com/brain/teachers_html.html• http://www.research.buffalo.edu/quarterly/vol10/num01/n1.shtml• http://www.aim-digest.com/gateway/pages/brain/articles/myths.htm• http://www.nida.nih.gov/pubs/teaching/Teaching5/Teaching3.html• http://www.accessexcellence.com/AE/• http://psych.colorado.edu/~kenth/Image14.gif

http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/facts.html
http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/campbell6e_awl/chapter0/deluxe.html
http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/campbell6e_awl/chapter0/deluxe.html
http://www.alfamilyties.org/presentations/The%20Neurobiology%20of%20Adolescent%20Substance%20Abuse%20II.ppt
http://www.alfamilyties.org/presentations/The%20Neurobiology%20of%20Adolescent%20Substance%20Abuse%20II.ppt
http://www.nsbri.org/Education/High_Act.html
http://www.pfizer.com/brain/teachers_html.html
http://www.research.buffalo.edu/quarterly/vol10/num01/n1.shtml
http://www.aim-digest.com/gateway/pages/brain/articles/myths.htm
http://www.nida.nih.gov/pubs/teaching/Teaching5/Teaching3.html
http://www.accessexcellence.com/AE/
Page 14: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

• Cell body: functional portion

• Dendrites: short extensions that receive signals

• Axon: long extension that transmits impulses away

Page 15: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Nerve Impulse - The Action PotentialThreshold potential will trigger an action potential or nerve impulse

The action potential is an all-or-none response

Page 16: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 17: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Conduction VelocityConduction Velocity

Page 18: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 19: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Types of chemical synapse

• Cholinergic Synapses– Acetylcholine– neuromuscular junctions, glands, brain and spinal cord

• Adrenergic ( EPSP)– Norepinepherine– affects brain regions concerned with emotions,

dreaming• Dopamine ( IPSP)

– Inhibits neurotranmission of the nerve impulses

Page 20: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 21: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Dura mater is being peeled away in this photo.

Page 22: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 23: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Fluid filled cavities, contain CSF

  10.VENTRICLES OF THE BRAIN

Page 24: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 25: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 26: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

CEREBRUM - wrinkly large part of the brain, largest area in humans, higher mental function

Page 27: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

1.  Cerebral Hemispheres    -  left and right side separated by the ....

2.  Corpus Callosum  -  connects the two hemispheres 

Page 28: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Corpus callosum

Page 29: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

DiencephalonDiencephalon

Page 30: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 31: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

CEREBELLUM

• Balance and coordination

Page 32: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Brain Stem -   regulates visceral functions (autonomic system)

Page 33: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 34: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 35: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Figure 13.4

Page 36: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

The Cerebral Hemispheres

Figure 13.7b, c

Page 37: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Take the Left Brain – Right Brain Test

Page 38: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

3.  Convolutions of the Brain  - the wrinkles

and grooves of the cerebrum

Fissures = deep groove

Sulcus = shallow groove

Gyrus = bump

Page 39: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

4.  Fissures – separate lobes

Longitudinal fissure - separate right and left sides

Page 40: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Transverse Fissure - separates cerebrum from cerebellum

Page 41: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Figure 13.7a

LOBES OF THE BRAIN (CEREBRUM)

Sulcus = grooveGyrus = raised bump

Fissure = deep groove

Page 42: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 43: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 44: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 45: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 46: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 47: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 48: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.
Page 49: Basic Tasks of the Nervous System Sensation: Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate.

Sensation and Perception - Pearson · 3 Sensation and Perception ... Vision: How the Nervous ... psychology will help you understand how we assemble a series of tones into

Sensation and Perception - Pearson · 3 Sensation and Perception ... Vision: How the Nervous ... psychology will help you understand how we assemble a series of tones into

SENSATION. WHAT IS SENSATION? SENSATION: PROCESS BY WHICH OUR SENSORY SYSTEMS (EYES, EARS AND OTHER SENSORY ORGANS) AND NERVOUS SYSTEM RECEIVE STIMULI.

SENSATION. WHAT IS SENSATION? SENSATION: PROCESS BY WHICH OUR SENSORY SYSTEMS (EYES, EARS AND OTHER SENSORY ORGANS) AND NERVOUS SYSTEM RECEIVE STIMULI.

The Nervous System - PLCNeTanatomy.plcnet.org/files/Lectures/English_1_2/2018...Basic Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensation • Monitors changes/events occurring in and outside

The Nervous System - PLCNeTanatomy.plcnet.org/files/Lectures/English_1_2/2018...Basic Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensation • Monitors changes/events occurring in and outside

Nervous systems show diverse Nervous systemsuser System Evolution, Sensation and Behavior in Invertebrates • Evolution of the central nervous system • Sensory perception • Behavior

Nervous systems show diverse Nervous systemsuser System Evolution, Sensation and Behavior in Invertebrates • Evolution of the central nervous system • Sensory perception • Behavior

Sensation and Perception WORKSHEET SOLUTIONS and...Sensation Refers to how our sense receptors and nervous system physically represent our external environment (bottom-up). Perception

Sensation and Perception WORKSHEET SOLUTIONS and...Sensation Refers to how our sense receptors and nervous system physically represent our external environment (bottom-up). Perception

Chapter 5 Test Review 5 Test Revie… · Sensation v. perception, page 197 • Sensation – a process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus

Chapter 5 Test Review 5 Test Revie… · Sensation v. perception, page 197 • Sensation – a process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus

Sensation and Perception. Sensation: the stimulation of sensory receptors & transmission of information to the central nervous system Sensation: the stimulation.

Sensation and Perception. Sensation: the stimulation of sensory receptors & transmission of information to the central nervous system Sensation: the stimulation.

NERVOUS SYSTEM 2 Functionally, the nervous system includes 2 main components: Nervous System Somatic nervous system Receives different somatic sensation.

NERVOUS SYSTEM 2 Functionally, the nervous system includes 2 main components: Nervous System Somatic nervous system Receives different somatic sensation.

Sensation & Perception Chapter4. Sensation Def:the stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory information to the central nervous.

Sensation & Perception Chapter4. Sensation Def:the stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory information to the central nervous.

Nervous System Evolution, Sensation and Behavior in Invertebrates

Nervous System Evolution, Sensation and Behavior in Invertebrates

. Sensation: process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energy Perception: process of organizing and.

. Sensation: process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energy Perception: process of organizing and.

The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System Receive Sensory Input Integrate Information (Immediate response, ignore it, store in memory) Control.

The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System Receive Sensory Input Integrate Information (Immediate response, ignore it, store in memory) Control.

Chapter 5 Sensation. The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. sensation.

Chapter 5 Sensation. The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. sensation.

Sensation and Perception - clarke604.files.wordpress.com€¦ · Sensation Refers to how our sense receptors and nervous system physically represent our external environment (bottom-up).

Sensation and Perception - clarke604.files.wordpress.com€¦ · Sensation Refers to how our sense receptors and nervous system physically represent our external environment (bottom-up).

THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM - MilitaryNewbie.com€¦ · The Endocrine System and the Nervous System. The endocrine system works with the nervous system to regulate and integrate the processes

THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM - MilitaryNewbie.com€¦ · The Endocrine System and the Nervous System. The endocrine system works with the nervous system to regulate and integrate the processes

Unit 4: Sensation and Perception · 2014-10-17 · Sensation and Perception . ... Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus

Unit 4: Sensation and Perception · 2014-10-17 · Sensation and Perception . ... Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus

Sensation and Perception Chapter 3. Chapter 3 Learning Objective Menu LO 3.1 Sensation and how it enters central nervous system LO 3.2 How some sensations.

Sensation and Perception Chapter 3. Chapter 3 Learning Objective Menu LO 3.1 Sensation and how it enters central nervous system LO 3.2 How some sensations.

Sensation and Perception Sensation is the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.

Sensation and Perception Sensation is the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.

Central Nervous System examination. NEUROLOGICAL EXAM MENTAL STATUS CRANIAL NERVES MOTOR EXAM – STRENGTH – GAIT – CEREBELLAR REFLEXES SENSATION.

Central Nervous System examination. NEUROLOGICAL EXAM MENTAL STATUS CRANIAL NERVES MOTOR EXAM – STRENGTH – GAIT – CEREBELLAR REFLEXES SENSATION.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM - Lake County · PDF fileTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system is the master coordinating system of the body. Every thought, action, and sensation reflects its activity

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM - Lake County · PDF fileTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system is the master coordinating system of the body. Every thought, action, and sensation reflects its activity