Basic Statistic in Technology and Assessment Mary L. Putman.
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Transcript of Basic Statistic in Technology and Assessment Mary L. Putman.
![Page 1: Basic Statistic in Technology and Assessment Mary L. Putman.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e625503460f94b5dc80/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Basic Statistic
in
Technology and AssessmentMary L. Putman
![Page 2: Basic Statistic in Technology and Assessment Mary L. Putman.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082817/56649e625503460f94b5dc80/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Levels of Measurement
Ordinal LevelInterval LevelNominal LevelRatio Level
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Levels of Measurement (cont.)
Nominal Level
Simplest and least precise
Differentiates attribute or property
Little statistical value
Examples: Locker Number #20 Social Security Number
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Levels of Measurement (cont.)
Ordinal Level
Has the property of order (rank)
Indicates difference (more or less)
Indicates direction of difference
Not mathematically meaning
Examples: Team rankings Class rankings
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Levels of Measurement (cont.)
Interval LevelMore precise measure; calculations meaningful
Provides equal difference in characteristic being assessed
Zero point is arbitrary
Example: Temperature Cognitive Measures (i.e. -- I.Q. Test)
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Levels of Measurement (cont.)
Ratio LevelMost precise and useful level Absolute zeroRatio number can make statements such as … Twice as big/ .. Twice as fast
Examples: Distance throwSpeed run
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1. Numbers on a football jersey.
2. Timed scores for 100 meter dash.
3. Mr. RU, first place runner up.
4. Gender classification for M/F.
5. Speedometer reading of 60 mph.
6. Temperature of 32 degrees
7. Wrestler’s height and weight.
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Measures of Central Tendency
ModeScore that occurs most often
MedianThe point at which half the scores fall
above and below
MeanThe numerical average.. The sum of the
scores divided by N (the number of scores)
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Measures of Variability
Range The difference between the highest score and
lowest score
Standard Deviation The most common measure of variability Spread of scores Amount each score deviates from the mean
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Measure of Relationship
CorrelationYou must have two sets of scores for each
individual in order to use the correlation
Identifies the direction and strength of the relationship between two sets of scores. The scores will range from +1.00 to –1.00
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Measure of Relationship (cont.)
DirectionThe direction is identified by a + or – sign+ .. Both sets of scores have the higher
score as the better score or lower score the better score.
- .. One set of scores the higher score is better, the other set of scores the lower score
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Measure of Relationship (cont.)
Examples of Direction of Relationship Twelve minute walk run to Shuttle Run Golf Score to Upper Body Strength Over GPA to Grade in Technology/Assess GPA to SAT Stress Test (high =more stress) to Obesity
(BMI = higher means fatter)
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Measure of Relationship (cont.)
Strength (correlation coefficient)
Number will range from 1.00 to .00 The closer to one the number is the stronger the
relationship
Ranges: .80 to 1.00 = high correlation .60 to .79 = moderately high correlation .49 to .59 = moderate correlation .20 to .39 = low correlation .00 to .19 = no relationship
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Terminology
Subjects People participating in your research project
Variables What you are measuring… speed, body
composition, stress
Test/Assessment The instrument you are using to collect the data in
your research area.
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Terminology (cont.)
MeasurementThe process/procedures used to collect the
data (scores)
EvaluationWhat you do with the information, what
conclusion you reach once the data is analyzed, what action do you take?