Basic Spanish | Lesson 14 | Definite & indefinite articles (a, an, the, some)
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7/27/2019 Basic Spanish | Lesson 14 | Definite & indefinite articles (a, an, the, some)
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Hola!Lesson 14 on Basic Spanish!
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Revision : Forms of Estar
English Spanish
I am Yo estoy
We are Nosotros estamos
You (informal) are T ests
You (informal, pl) are Vosotros estis
He is / She is /You (formal) are l / Ella / Usted est
You are / They are Ustedes/ Ellos / Ellas estn
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Revision
English Spanish
How are you (inf.)? Cmo ests?
How are you (formal)? Cmo est usted?I am fine Estoy bien
Can I smoke? Puedo fumar?
Yes S
Where is the toilet? Dnde est el bao?
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Lesson objectives
1 Definite and indefinite articles
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Whats in store today?
We will learn the difference between definiteand indefinite articles and theirusage in Spanish!
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Definite and indefinite articles
The difference between definite articles andindefinite
articles can be observed in the following twosentences:
1. Give me the red pen2. Give me apen
Imagine a box full of pens, with a blue, green,
black andone red pen, so when we say 'give me the red pen'we are
referring to aparticularpen, while the sentence'give me
a pen' could refer to any pen
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Definite and indefinite articles
Thus, the difference between definite articles and
indefinite articles is that definite articles (like the)are associated with specific or particular itemswhile indefinite articles (like a and an) may
refer to any item
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The definite article 'the'
In English, 'the' is used as the definite articleregardless of
gender or count (singular/plural)
Example:The womanThe women
The man
The men
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The definite article 'the'
In Spanish, the definite article 'the' has four forms
Examples:el gato = the male cat
los gatos = the male/mixed cats (group)
la gata = the female catlas gatas = the female cats (group)
Thus, in Spanish, the forms of 'the' vary based ongenderand count
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The definite article 'the'
Gender Singular Plural
Masculine/ Mixed el los
Feminine la las
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Grammar tip
The masculine plural definite article (los) is alsoused to
indicate a group of mixed gender
Thus, 'los gatos' could refer to a group of 3 malecats, or it
could refer to a group of 2 female cats and onemale cat
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So remember!
Gender Singular Plural
Masculine/ Mixed el los
Feminine la las
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Try yourself
The books(Hint : books = libros : masculine)
1El
libros
2Los
libros
3Las
libros
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Solution
The books(Hint : books = libros : masculine)
1El
libros
2Los
libros
3Las
libros
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Try yourself
The magazine(Hint : magazine = revista : feminine)
1El
revista
2La
revista
3Las
revista
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Solution
The magazine(Hint : magazine = revista : feminine)
1El
revista
2La
revista
3Las
revista
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Grammar tip
We saw earlier that nouns in Spanish take upeithermasculine or feminine gender
We noted that masculine forms usually end in -o
(eg: libro= books) and feminine in -a (eg: revista =
magazine) andfor plural forms we add an -s at the end
Remember these rules as these will help youidentify the
gender of the noun and thus the form of articles touse
with it
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Indefinite articles
In English, we use 'a', 'an' and 'some' for indefinitearticles
Examples:A book
An egg
Some booksSome eggs
The word some is used as a functional plural ofa/an
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Indefinite articles
In Spanish, the indefinite article has 4 forms,depending on whether the noun is masculine,
feminine,singular or plural
un gato = a male catunos gatos = some male/mixed cats
una gata = a female cat
unas gatas = some female cats
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Indefinite articles
Gender Singular (a/an) Plural(some)
Masculine/ Mixed un unosFeminine una unas
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Grammar tip
Un/ Una can refer to 'one' or 'a'/'an'
Example:
One book = Un libroA book = Un libro
One magazine = Una revistaA magazine = Una revista
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Try yourself
Some books
1Un
libros
2Unoslibros
3Unaslibro
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Solution
Some books
1Un
libros
2Unoslibros
3Unaslibro
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Try yourself
A pen(Hint : pen = pluma)
1Una
pluma
2Un
pluma
3Unos
pluma
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Solution
A pen(Hint : pen = pluma)
1Una
pluma
2Un
pluma
3Unos
pluma
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Try yourself
Some eggs(Hint : eggs = huevos : masculine)
1Unas
huevos
2Un
huevos
3Unos
huevos
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Solution
Some eggs(Hint : eggs = huevos : masculine)
1Unas
huevos
2Un
huevos
3Unos
huevos
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Try yourself
An egg
1Una
hueva
2El
huevo
3Un
huevo
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Solution
An egg
1Una
hueva
2El
huevo
3Un
huevo
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Let's revise : The definite article 'the'
Gender Singular Plural
Masculine/ Mixed el losFeminine la las
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Let's revise : Indefinite articles
Gender Singular (a/an) Plural(some)
Masculine/ Mixed un unosFeminine una unas
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Culture Leaf
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Culture leaf : National day!
Spain's National Day is held on 12
October, the day celebrated in
other countries as Columbus Day
or Da de la Raza, and
commemorates the anniversary of
Christopher Columbus's arrival in
the Americas
A military parade is held in
Madrid celebrating the occasion
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbus_Day
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Whats next?
In the next lesson, we will learn some
common expressions of time!
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Credits
ContentTeam CultureAlley, Okairy Zuiga, Tomasa Merino
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Day
Imageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_Columbus3.j
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See you at the Alley!
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