BASIC SIGNAL COMMUNICATION:

SIGNAL COMMUNICATION – IS A METHOD OR MEANS OR A COMBINATION THEREOF OF CONVEYING INFORMATION FROM ONE PERSON OR PLACE TO ANOTHER EXCEPT BY DIRECT CONVERSATION.

MEANS OF COMMUNICATION – A MEDIUM BY WHICH A MESSAGE IS CONVEYED FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER.

AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION – A FACILITY WHICH EMBRACES THE PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT TO PROVIDE SIGNAL COMMUNICATION BY ANY PARTICULAR MEANS

OR COMBINATION THEREOF. EXAMPLE: ASG, COMMEL, DIV SIGNAL BN.

TACTICAL RADIO SETS – IS THE PRINCIPAL MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IN TACTICAL UNITS. IT USE FOR COMMAND, FIRE CONTROL, EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION AND ADMINISTRATIVE PURPOSES BETWEEN & WITHIN THE UNITS. IT IS ESPECIALLY ADOPTED TO RAPID CHANGING SITUATION SUCH AS AIR GROUND SHIP TO SHORE, AIR TO AIR COMMUNICATION. IT ALSO ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNICATION IMPASSABLE TERRAIN OR IN LARGE WIRE & OTHER MEANS ARE IMPRACTICABLE TO INSTALL

MEANS OF COMMUNICATION:

WIRE – IT IS USED AS THE PRINCIPAL MEANS OF COMMUICATION IN ALL MILITARY UNITS.

THIS MEANS OF COMMO EMBRACES ALL EQUIPMENT USED FOR LAYING RECOVRING WIRE, BATTERY OPERATED & SOUND-POWERED TELEPHONES, SWITCH BOARDS & TELETYPE EQUIPMENT WHEN THEIR USE IS AUTHORIZED.

THE OPERATING RANGE OF WIRE COMMO VARIES, DEPENDING PRINCIPALLY ON THE WEATHER & THE CONDITION OF WIRE.

WET WEATHER, POOR SPLICES, & DAMAGE INSULATION ARE FACTORS THAT GREATLY REDUCE ITS OPERATING RANGE.

RADIO – THIS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IS THE MOST RAPID ONE. IT IS MOST FREQUENTLY USED FOR MAINTAINING COMMAND, CONTROL, And CONTACT & DIRECTION IN CONTACT.

THE RADIO HAS ONE DISTINCT ADVANTAGE OVER OTHER MEANS OF COMMO. IT HAS A RELATIVELY HIGH DEGREE OF MOBILITY & FLEXIBILITY, RESULTING FROM THE FACT THAT PHYSICAL CIRCUITS ARE UNNECESSARY TO ESTABLISH COMMO BETWEEN RADIO STATIONS.

THE RADIO SET IS THE ONLY ADEQUATE MEANS OF COMMO AVAILABLE IN THE FAST MOVING SITUATIONS, SUCH AS ARMORED ATTACKS, AMPHIBIOUS OPERATION, NAVAL GUN FIRE SUPPORT, SERIAL BOMBING & STRAFFING MISSION.

THE RADIO CAN BRIDGE GAPS IN A WIRE SYSTEM & CAN PROVIDE COMMO ACCROSS A TERRAIN WHERE THE USE OF THE OTHER MEANS OF COMMO IS NOT POSSIBLE.

MESSENGER – THE USE OF MESSENGER AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IS PREFERRED OVER THE REST WHEN MAPS & CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS ARE TO BE TRANSMITTED TO OTHER OPERATING UNITS.

SINCE TIME IMMEMORIAL, MESSENGERS HAVE BEEN USED AS A MEANS OF COMMO. IT IS NO LESS IMPORTANT TODAY AS IT WAS IN TIMES GONE BY.

IT IS THE MOST SECRET MEANS USED BY INFANTRY UNITS. MAPS & CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS ARE DELIVERED THROUGH THIS MEANS. IT ALSO THE BEST MEANS FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF LONG MESSAGES OVER SHORT DISTANCES.

VISUAL SIGNAL – IS USED TO CONTROL THE ACTION OF A SMALL UNIS. OVER THE YEARS, A VISUAL SIGNAL HAS BEEN RELEGATED TO THE ROLE OF AN AUXILIARY MEANS OF COMMUNICATION.

ANY SIGNAL THAT IS RECEIVED BY THE EYE REGARDLESS OF HOW IT IS TRANSMITTED IS THE “COMMON SENSE” DEFINITION OF A VISUAL SIGNAL.

FLAGS, SIGNAL FLARES, & SMOKE SIGNALS HAVE BEEN USED THROUGHOUT THE AGES AS VISUAL MEANS OF COMMO HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED. THESE INCLUDED LIGHT, PYROTECHNICS PANELS & OTHERS.

THEY ARE MOST EFFECTIVE DURING DAY LIGHT OR UNDER CONDITIONS OF CLEAR VISIBILITY. OTHERWISE, THEY ARE INEFFECIENT MEANS OF COMMO.

SOUND SIGNAL – THIS MEANS OF COMMUNICATIONS IS USED PRIMARILY TO SPREAD ALARMS. NORMALLY, IT USED TO WARN TROOPS OF AN IMPENDING HOSTILE AIR, MECHANIZED, OR GAS ATTACK.

SIGNAL RECEIVED BY THE UNAIDED EAR, REGARDLESS OF THE METHOD OF TRANSMISSION, ARE SOUND MEANS OF COMMO. THEY MAY BE TRANSMITTED BY WHISTLES, BUGLER, HORNS, WEAPONS, & OTHER NOISE-MAKING DEVICES. PRE-ARRANGED MESSAGES ARE TRANSMITTED THROUGH THIS MEANS.

THEY ARE RAPID MEANS OF COMMUNICATION OVER SHORT DISTANCE BUT THEIR EFFECTIVE RANGE IS GREATLY REDUCED BY BATTLE NOISES.

LIKE VISUAL SIGNALS, THEY ARE NOT SECURE MEANS OF COMMO. THEIR USE MAY BE PROHIBITED FOR SECURITY REASONS

.FAMILIARIZATION OF DIFFERENT RADIO EQUIPMENT:

1. URC – 773MCHARACTERISTICS

FREQUENCY MODULATED (FM) TRANSMISSION RANGE – 10 KMS (LOS) WHIP ANTENNA MAN PACK POWER SOURCE – 12 VDC, 24 PCS BA –

30, 12V WET CELL BTRY PRESS TO TALK (HAND SET)

2. PRC – 77 CHARACTERISTICS

FREQUENCY MODULATED (FM) TRANSMISSION RANGE – 8 KMS (LOS) WHIP ANTENNA MAN PACK POWER SOURCE – 12 VDC, 20 PCS BA –

30, 12V WET CELL BTRY PRESS TO TALK (HAND SET)

1. URC - 601CHARACTERISTICS

HANDHELD PRESS TO TALK WHIP ANTENNA TRANSMISSION RANGE – 3 TO 4 KMS

(LOS) POWER SOURCE – 8 PCS BA – 30

2. URC – 187 CHARACTERISTICS

AMPLITUDE MODULATED (AM) TRANSMISSION RANGE – 40 KMS (SKY

WAVE PROPAGATION) DIPOLE ANTENNA PRESS TO TALK (HAND SET) POWER SOURCE – 36 PCS BA-30, 12-24V

WET CELL BTRY

ADVANTAGES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS:

1. SPEED OF INSTALLATION – IT IS EASY TO ESTABLISH THAN WIRE OR OTHER MEANS OF COMMUNICATION.2. FLEXIBLE – IT IS NO FIXED CIRCUIT ARE REQUIRED TO BE CONSTRUCTED.3. IT PROVIDE COMMUNICATION ACROSS TERRAIN OVER WHICH IT MAY BE IMPRACTICAL TO INSTALL WIRE.

DISADVANTAGES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS:

1. LACK OF SECURITY – RADIO IS THE LEAST SECURED MEANS. IT IS ALWAYS ASSUMED THAT INTERCEPTION EVERY TIME THE TRANSMITTER IS PLACE ON OPERATION.2. SUBJECT FOR INTERCEPTION RADIO IS LESS VULNERABLE TO ENEMY TERRORIST ACTIVITY THAN WIRE, HOWEVER, IT IS SUBJECT FOR INTERFERENCE FROM PRECIPITATION & JAMMING TO OTHER MISSION.

FUNDAMENTAL OF TACTICAL RADIO COMMUNICATION:

1. RADIO NET – A GROUP OF SEVERAL STATIONS WORKING TOGETHER IN THE SAME FREQUENCY.

2. CALL SIGN - A COMBINATION OF PRONOUNCEABLE WORDS THAT IDENTIFIES THE FACILITY OR STATION.

3. INDIVIDUAL CALL SIGN – THIS CALL SIGN IDENTIFIES A SINGLE CALL TO ANY STATION WITHIN THE NET.

4. COLLECTIVE CALL SIGN – THIS CALL SIGN IDENTIFIES TWO OR MORE STATIONS IN PARTICULAR RADIO NET BUT NOT ALL STATIONS IN THE NET.

5. NET CALL SIGN – THIS CALL SIGN INDETIFIES ALL RADIO STATION CALLING RNSMITS THE IDENTIFY OF THE STATION CALLED AS WELL AS HIS OWN IDENTITY.

6. PRO WORDS – ARE PRONOUNCEABLE WORDS WHICH HAVE ASSIGNED MEANING TO FACILITATE TRANSMISSION BY RADIO COMMUNICATION.

PROWORDS

A. OVER – MY TRANSMITION IS ENDED & I

EXPECT A RESPONSE FROM YOU

B. ROGER – I RECEIVED YOUR LAST MESSAGE

STATISFACTORILY.

C. OUT – MY TRANSMISSION IS ENDED & I

EXPECT NO RESPONSE FROM YOU.

D. WILCO – I WILL COMPLY TO YOUR

INSTRUCTION.

E. QUERY - CLARIFICATION.

F. LIMA CHARLIE – I RECEIVED YOUR MESSAGE

LOUD & CLEAR.

G. SAY AGAIN - I DID NOT UNDERSTAND YOUR

TRANSMISSION, REQUEST REPEATS YOUR LAST

TRANSMISSION.

H. REQUEST NET WITH – CAN I TALK WITH MSG

NEMER OF TSG OBENA.

I. WAIT ONE – REQUEST THAT YOU WAIT FOR A

MINUTE.

J. READ BACK – READ BACK THE MESSAGE YOU

HAVE COPIED.

K. RADIO SILENCE – CEASE TRANSMISSION

IMMEDIATELY, HOWEVER, KEEP ON LESTINING ON

THE SAME FREQUENCY.

L. BREAK – STOP YOUR CONVERSATION & ALLOW

ME TO THIS NET TO TRANSMIT FOR AN URGENT

MESSAGE

PHONETIC ALPHABET

A - ALPHA

B - BRAVO

C - CHARLIE

D - DELTA

E - ECHO

F - FOXTROT

G - GULF

H - HOTEL

I - INDIA

J - JULIET

K – KILO

L – LIMA

M - MIKE

N - NOVEMBER

O - OSCAR

P - PAPA

Q - QUEBIC

R - ROMEO

S - SIERRA

T - TANGO

U -UNIFORM

V - VICTOR

W - WHISKY

X - X-RAY

Y - YANKEE

Z - ZULU

NUMERICAL PRONOUNCIATION

1 - WUN 6 - SIX

2 - TA-O 7 - SEVEN

3 - THU-REE 8 - ATE

4 - FOWER 9 - NINER

5 - FI-YIV 0 - ZERO