PRESENTED BY:SWATI DHAWAN

NEHA KAUL

BASIC MODELS FOR ORGANIZATIONAL

DESIGN

ORGANIZATION DESIGN

It may be defined as the total pattern of structural elements and patterns used to manage overall organization.

Tool for the implementation of organizational strategies and the attainment of organizational goals.

MODELS OF ORGANIZATION DESIGN

THE BUREAUCRATIC MODEL

According to Max Weber, a German sociologist, a bureaucracy is defined as an organization founded on a legitimate and formal system of authority.

The bureaucracy provided management with the “one best way” to structure ant institution.

FIVE CHARATERSTICS OF WEBERIAN APPROACH

I. Each organization should create an absolute and clear division of labor and staff each job with an expert in that particular task.

II. Each organization should create a hierarchy of position so that the scalar chain of command runs from top to bottom in the organization.

III. Each organization should create a concise and consistent set of rules and procedure to ensure that task performance is always the same.

IV. Each organization should establish specific personnel policies and practices to ensure that employment and promotion in the organization is based on expertise and performance.

V. All managers should conduct business in an impersonal manner, maintaining an appropriate social distance from their subordinates.

STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF BUREAUCRACY

StrengthsI. The bureaucratic approach was the first model of organization

design developed, and it still serve as basic foundation design approaches.

II. Operational efficiency can be improved by the selective application of bureaucratic principles.

WeaknessesI. Failing to allow adequate individual growth and development.II. Fostering group thinking and other forms of stubborn conformity.III. Failing to consider the informal organization and the associated

people problems.IV. Allowing control system to become absolute.V. Lacking a judicial process.VI. Stiff communication and creative thinking.VII. Failing to utilize full capacity of organizational human resource.VIII. Failing to assimilate new technology.

Behavioral Model

Universal approach that recognized the weakness and limitations of the rational and mechanistic characteristics of bureaucratic model.

Types of Behavioral Model

Socio- Technical Model Systems Theory. Likert’s System 4 Organization .

Socio- Technical Model Systems Theory

Given by Eric Trist and K.W. Bamforth. Based on the need to balance an organization’s human side

with technical and mechanical side.

Within the organization there are two systems-1.A social system that provides the framework for all human

interactions that sustain both formal and informal organizations. It is concerned with ideas, interests, creativity, motivation of individuals and groups.

2. A technical system that provides the framework for the tasks that produce the organization’s goods and services. e.g. the production of paper include the equipments and operations such as washing, bleaching and cooking the wood.

Likert’s System 4 Organization

Rensis Likert discovered critical relationships between organization design and effectiveness. His research dealt with eight characteristics of organizations-

The leadership process The motivation process The communication process The interaction process The decision process The goal setting process The control process Performance goals

Likert concluded that the managers should adopt what he called as system 4 approach to the organization design.

System 4 was a behavioral approach that emphasized on supporting relationships, practiced group decision making, and established high performance goals.

Strength Emphasis on behavioral process of organization. Weakness This approach was founded on the premise that there is only

“one best way” to design organizations, while it seems to be abundantly clear that there is no best way.

Thank You