Basic Mandarin Chinese | Lesson 13 | Learn about 'measure' words!
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Transcript of Basic Mandarin Chinese | Lesson 13 | Learn about 'measure' words!
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Nǐ hǎo Lesson 13 on Basic Mandarin!
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Revision - Occupations
English Mandarin
Teacher Lǎoshī
Lawyer Lǜshī
Doctor Yīsheng
Engineer Gōng chéng shī
Manager Jīng lǐ
Accountant Kuài Jì
Housewife Jiā tíng zhǔ fù
Retired Tuì xiū le
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Revision
English Mandarin
I am a doctor Wǒ shì Yīsheng
She is a manager Tā shì Jīng lǐ
He is an accountant Tā shì kuài jì
I am retired Wǒ shì tuì xiū le
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Revision
English Mandarin
What does your father do? Nǐ bàba zuò shénme gōngzuò
My father is a lawyer Wǒ bàba shì lǜshī
What do you do? Nǐ zuò shénme gōngzuò
I am an engineer Wǒ shì gōng chéng shī
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Revision
Speaker English Mandarin
Mark How are you? Nǐ hǎo ma?
Lisa Not bad! How are you? Bú cuò! Nǐ hǎo ma?
Mark I am also very good! Wǒ Yě hěn hǎo!
Lisa This is my father Tā shì wǒ bàba
Mark What does your father do? Nǐ bàba zuò shénme gōng zuò?
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Revision
Speaker English Mandarin
LisaMy father is a lawyer,and
you?Wǒ bàba shì lǜshī,nǐ ne?
Mark I am an engineer Wǒ shì Gōng chéng shī
Lisa What does your mother do?Nǐ māma zuò shénme gōng
zuò?
Mark My mother is a housewife Wǒ māma shì jiā tíng zhǔ fù
Lisa What do you do? Nǐ zuò shénme gōngzuò ?
Mark I am a doctor Wǒ shì Yīsheng
Lisa Wonderful! Taì hǎo le!
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Lesson objectives
1 Measure words
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What's in store today?
Today we will learn something that is peculiar to Mandarin alone-
measure words!
Let’s see what they mean and how they're used!
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Measure word - Definition
In English, we often have words defining the type of object being discussed
For example, a ‘loaf’ of bread, a ‘flock’ of sheep, a ‘glass’ of water etc…
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Measure word - Definition
Mandarin uses a similar part of speech called ‘Measure words’ that may
refer to the number, shape, or specification of an object
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Measure word - Definition
A vital point about Mandarin measure words is that ‘every
noun requires a measure word’
While in English, we can say, ‘three goats’, in Mandarin we say
‘three ( measure word) goats’
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Measure word - Definition
There are more than hundred measure words in Mandarin, today we will cover
a few relevant ones only!
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Measure words
Zhāng is pronounced with a highlevel tone
Measure word for something flat
(bed, photo, paper)
Zhāng
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Measure words
Great! Now let’s learn how to say ‘One photo’!
Since we've already learnt that one = yí (midrising)
let’s see how do we say photo in Mandarin!
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Measure words
Both Zhào and piàn are pronouncedwith a falling tone on 'a'
Photo
Zhào piàn
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Measure words
Literally : One (measure word) photo
One photo
Yí zhāng zhào piàn
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Measure words
Let’s take another example and see how to say 'One/ A piece of paper'
We already learnt that one = yí (mid rising) Now let’s see how do we say one piece of
paper in Mandarin!
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Measure words
Paper = ZhǐIt is pronounced using a
falling rising tone
One piece of paper
Yì zhāng zhǐ
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Measure words
Great! Now let’s learn how to say ‘One/a boy’!
Since we’ve already learnt that one = yí (midrising)
let’s see how do we say boy in Mandarin!
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Measure words
Male = NánKid/Child = Háizi
Boy
Nán háizi
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Measure words
Pronounced with a neutral tone,when in doubt, use 'ge'
Measure word for people/ general things
Ge
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Measure words
One (measure word) boy
One boy
Yí ge nán háizi
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Measure words
Let's now try ‘A schoolbag’!
Since we've already learnt that one = yí (midrising)
let’s see how do we say 'A schoolbag' in Mandarin!
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Measure words
book/letter = Shūto hold/ wrap/ include = bāo
It is pronounced using high level tones
A schoolbag
Yí ge shūbāo
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Let's see if you remember…
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Pick the right option
How do we say ‘boy’ in Mandarin ?
1
Nán háizi
2
Nán sheng
3
Yí háizi
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Solution
How do we say ‘boy’ in Mandarin ?
1
Nán háizi
2
Nán sheng
3
Yí háizi
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Pick the right option
How do we say, ‘One photo’ in Mandarin?
1
Yí zhào zhāng piàn
2
Yí zhāng zhào piàn
3
Yí zhào piàn zhāng
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Solution
How do we say, ‘One photo’ in Mandarin?
1
Yí zhào zhāng piàn
2
Yí zhāng zhào piàn
3
Yí zhào piàn zhāng
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Moving on…
Measure words are also inserted between a demonstrative pronoun,
(such as this, that) and a noun
Let’s learn how to say ‘this’ and ‘that’ in Mandarin!
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Measure words
Zhè is pronounced with afalling tone
This
Zhè
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Measure words
Nà is pronounced with afalling tone
That
Nà
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Measure words
Great! Now let’s say ‘This photo’!
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Measure words
This (measure word) photo
This photo
Zhè zhāng zhào piàn
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Measure words
Good! Now let’s say ‘That boy’!
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Measure words
That (measure word) boy
That boy
Nà ge nán háizi
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Grammar tip
Remember, that a demonstrative and a noun always have a measure word in between
Demonstrative | Measure word | Noun
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Measure words
Let's take a look at some more examples!
We will try and say
'This is a pen' 'This is not a pencil'
'That is not a dictionary' 'That is a book'
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Measure words
Zhī is pronounced usinga high level tone
Measure word for stick like objects
(pen, chopsticks)
Zhī
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Measure words
Pen = Bǐbǐ is pronounced using a
falling rising tone
This is a pen
Zhè shì zhī bǐ
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Measure words
Pencil = Qiānbǐqiānbǐ is pronounced with a high level
tone on 'a' and a falling rising tone on 'i'
This is not a pencil
Zhè bú shì zhī qiānbǐ
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Measure words
Běn is pronounced with afalling rising tone
Measure word for 'volume'
(any bound print or written matter)
Běn
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Measure words
Dictionary = ZìdiǎnZìdiǎn is pronounced with a falling tone
on 'i' and a falling rising tone on 'a'
That is not a dictionary
Nà bú shì běn zìdiǎn
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Measure words
Book = ShūShū is pronounced with a high level tone
That is a book
Nà shì běn shū
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Let’s see if you remember…
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Pick the right option
How do you say ‘this’ in Mandarin?
1
Yí
2
Zhè
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Solution
How do you say ‘this’ in Mandarin?
1
Yí
2
Zhè
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Pick the right option
How do we say ‘that boy’ in Mandarin?
1
Nà ge nán háizi
2
Ge nà nán háizi
3
Wǒ ge nán háizi
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Solution
How do we say ‘that boy’ in Mandarin?
1
Nà ge nán háizi
2
Ge nà nán háizi
3
Wǒ ge nán háizi
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Pick the right option
What does ‘Yí’ mean?
1
Boy
2
Measure word
3
One
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Solution
What does ‘Yí’ mean?
1
Boy
2
Measure word
3
One
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Revision - Measure words
English Mandarin
Measure word for flat objects Zhāng
Measure word for people/general Ge
This Zhè
That Nà
Measure word for 'stick like objects' Zhī
Measure word for 'volume' Běn
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Revision
English Mandarin
One photo Yí zhāng zhào piàn
A piece of paper Yì zhāng zhǐ
One boy Yí ge nán háizi
A schoolbag Yí ge shūbāo
This photo Zhè zhāng zhào piàn
That boy Nà ge nán háizi
This is a pen Zhè shì zhī bǐ
This is not a pencil Zhè bú shì zhī qiānbǐ
That is not a dictionary Nà bú shì běn zìdiǎn
That is a book Nà shì běn shū
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Culture leaf
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Culture leaf
The dragon boat festival, or Duānwǔ, is celebratedbetween late May and early June every year
It is to commemorate the death of an ancient poet, Qu Yuan, who lived 2000 year ago
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Culture leaf
His advice to the king of Chu, was to hire honest people, rather than his favourites; and for this he
was banished from the kingdom
On hearing later that the kingdom fell, he threw himself into the Miluo river and drowned to death
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Culture leaf
The people of Chu, threw bamboo shafts full of rice into the river, so that the fish
would eat rice and not his body
Till day, people throw rice dumplings into the river to revisit the sacrifice
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Culture leaf
Today the day is also celebrated by ‘dragon-boat’ races to commemorate the poet
Many weeks are spent creating elaboratedragon boats which are similar to canoes
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What's next?
In the next lesson we will learn question formation and negations!
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Credits
Content Team CultureAlley, Sunny Dang
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duanwu_Festival
Images http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dragon_Boat_Festiv
al_in_Haiwei,_Ronggui,_2011.jpg Caiguanhao
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See you at the Alley!
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