basic introductionary lecture on endocrinology and thyroid
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Transcript of basic introductionary lecture on endocrinology and thyroid
Basic Introductionary lecture
onendocrinology
and thyroid
Endocrinology thyroid
anti-thyroid drugs
Dr. Pranesh Vijay PawaskarResidentDept. of PharmacologyL.T.M.M.C. Sion, Mumbai 22Date – 14/12/2016
endocrinology
Hormone (Greek hormaein—to stir up) = is a substance of intense biological activity that is produced by specific cells in the body and is transported through circulation to act on its target cells.
Endocrine glands
Glands and hormones1. Pituitary =
(a) Anterior = Growth hormone (GH), Prolactin (Prl),
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, Corticotropin),
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH, Thyrotropin),
Gonadotropins—Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH).
(b) Posterior = Oxytocin,
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, Vasopressin).
Glands and hormones
Thyroid =
Thyroxine (T4),
Triiodothyronine (T3),
Calcitonin
Glands and hormones
Parathyroid =
Parathormone (PTH).
Glands and hormones
Pancreas =
(Islets of Langerhans) Insulin,
Glucagon.
Glands and hormones
Adrenals =
(a) Cortex = Glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone)Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)Sex steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone)
(b) Medulla = Adrenaline, Noradrenaline
Glands and hormones
Gonads =
Androgens (testosterone)
Estrogens (estradiol)
Progestins (progesterone)
Glands and hormones
Hypothalamus = Releasing hormones
mechanism At cell membrane receptors
1) Through cAMP = Adrenaline, Glucagone, TSH, LH, FSH, PTH, Calcitonin, ACTH.
2) Through IP3, DAG pathway = Vasopressin, Oxytocin.
3) Transmembrane Tyr.Kinase = Insulin, GH, Prolactin.
Mechanism at cytoplasmic receptors
• Penetrating cell membrane = • Steroidal hormones :
Glucocorticoids,
Mineralocorticoid,
Androgens,
Estrogens,
Progestins,
Calcitriol.
Mechanism at nuclear receptor
•Hormone penetrates the nucleus =
Thyroid hormones,
Thyroxine,
Triiodothyronine.
thyroid
anatomy
histology
physiology
biochemistry
biochemistry
Synthesis , storage, secretion
diagnosis
surgery
Thank you