BASIC GUIDANCE FOR STRENGTHENING/UPGRADING EXISTING ...€¦ · • Assess the strengthening and...

SITE MANAGEMENTSECTOR

COX’S BAZAR

BASIC GUIDANCE FOR STRENGTHENING/UPGRADING EXISTING COMMUNITY FACILITIES/STRUCTURES

V2, April 2019

A guidance note for construction/infrastructure staff to strengthen/upgrade existing community facilities


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ABOUT THIS GUIDE

THIS GUIDE IS NOT:This is not a guide for designing or upgrading CYCLONE SHELTERS. Construction engineers/supervisors must note that it is very unlikely that any bamboo structure will survive a cyclone.Community Facilities in the camp should not be designated as cyclone shelter, even after strengthening, unless specifically designed as such.


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PURPOSE OF THIS GUIDE IS:

To serve as a reference tool for programme staff, including field supervisors involved in structural improvements, upgrade and maintenance of existing community facilities in Rohingya camps in cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh to make them fit for use as temporary communal shelter by households affected by monsoon, flood and landslides and NOT CYCLONE.SCOPE OF THIS GUIDE:This guide provides BASIC GUIDANCE for:• Assess the strengthening and upgrading requirements of a community structure for its use as temporary

communal shelter for households affected by monsoon, flood and landslides and NOT CYLCONE. • Undertaking structural reinforcement of community facility to enhance their disaster resilience and

durability• Improving the functionalities of community facility by undertaking repair and improvements in walling,

floors, ventilation, storage etc. that can enhance safety, security and privacy for households especially for women and children.

ABOUT THIS GUIDE

THIS GUIDE IS NOT:This is not a guide for designing or upgrading CYCLONE SHELTERS. Construction engineers/supervisors must note that it is very unlikely that any bamboo structure will survive a cyclone.Community Facilities in the camp should not be designated as cyclone shelter, even after strengthening, unless specifically designed as such.


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What are Community Facilities?

Facilities/structures that are meant for collective use of community (unlike individual shelters which are meant for exclusive use of families), are community facilities or public buildings. They do not belong to any particular household. Examples:• Mosques• Madrasas• Moktabs• Learning centres/schools• Health centres• Child Friendly Space• Age friendly space/Women friendly space

COMMUNITY FACILITIES/STRUCTURE

Significance of Community Facilities in Refugee Camps:• Besides serving the intended purpose of the buildings such as schools, place of worship or health cente,

they can potentially be used by communities when there is a crisis. • They can be used as space where people in need whose shelter may get damaged during monsoon and

other crises, can move in temporarily till their individual shelters are retrofitted.• They can be used to store essential items for survival during crises, as a preparedness measure.


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A range of community facilities can be spotted in Rohingya camps. Most of them are constructed with bamboo structure for walls and roof and covered with either tarpaulin or CGI sheets. The condition of several such community facilities are not safe enough or conducive for community to seek temporary refuge during monsoon and weather events.

The condition of significant number of community facilities are:• Structure is not strong/stable to withstand wind and rainfall• Bamboo structure embedded into ground drastically reducing its durability• Leaking roofs and walls• Inadequate plinth protection which may lead to erosion of foundation• Community facilities located in unsafe place; hill top, flood prone valleys, landside prone area• Lack of safe access to the facility• Inadequate provision of essential amenities such as drinking water, water for washing, latrines, etc.

ARE EXISTING COMMUNITY FACILITIES SAFE?


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Community facilities can be put into use to serve as temporary refuge space by:• Structurally reinforcing the facility to enhance strength and stability (STABILITY) for improved resilience• Making changes in the structure to make them more durable (DURABILITY)• Incorporating improvement features to make them functionally more appropriate (HABITABILITY)

To summarise,Principles of community facility strengthening are improving: Structural stability Durability; and Habitability

HOW TO MAKE THEM CONDUCIVE FOR USE?


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DURABILITY can be improved by:

1. Keeping BAMBOO COLUMNS OFF THE GROUND Bamboo embedded in the ground even with foundation anchor in Muli or borak Bamboo will rot/decay and collapse in 6 to 12 months

2. Use of TREATED BAMBOO Untreated bamboo is prone to pest infestation and bamboo does not last long

3. Use of MATURE BAMBOOImmature bamboo is weak and more prone to pest attack

4. Use of OTHER MATERIALSOther materials such as concrete, brick, metal when used properly and of good quality have long life span

5. Ensuring periodic MAINTENANCE Lack of maintenance of structure- bamboo, connections, plinth and drainage will reduce the durability of community facility

HOW TO IMPROVE DURABILITY?


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HABITABILITY can be improved by:

1. ENHANCED SAFETY AND SECURITYEnsuring adequate protection from weather by improving walls, replacing or adding roof cover (tarpaulin) to address leakage issues.

2. PRIVACY AND DIGNITYImprovement in walls with closely woven bamboo mats and partitions where applicable to ensure privacy and dignity for women and adolescent girls

3. THERMAL COMFORTProviding openings/Garenja for improved ventilation

4. SAFE STORAGE SPACEStorage racks or space with lock and key systems provides safe storage space for prepositioning blankets, and other essential items for crisis period.

5. FLOORING AND PLINTH PROTECTIONImprovement in flooring (cement concrete or cement stabilised mud floor, strengthening plinth by jute bags filled with 1:6 cement:sand mortar or Cement concrete plinth finish

HOW TO IMPROVE HABITABILITY?


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STRUCTURAL STABILITY can be improved by following ABCD principle for DRR:

1. ANCHORAGEEnsuring adequate anchor of bamboo column in foundation to resist uplift due to wind and tying down the entire structure to ground with tie down anchors

2. BRACINGDiagonally reinforcing adjacent bamboo columns to prevent sway of structure due to wind or rain

3. CONNECTIONS/CONTINUITYEnsuring strong ties and connections at all bamboo joints to provide strong connections and continuity of bamboo structure

4. DUCTILITYBAMBOO has elastic properties and hence DUCTILE. No improvement needed. However, when concrete is used in foundation, ensure that steel reinforcement is adequate to provide ductility/elasticity

ABCD principle for STRUCTURAL STABILITY


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APPLYING ABCD FOR STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY FACILITIES

1) FOUNDATION4) COLUMN SPACING2) BRACING 3) CONNECTIONS

5&6) RAFTER & PURLIN SPACING

8) TIE BEAM

7) OLD/DAMAGED MATERIALS

9) OVERHANG


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ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS:1. Not in flood zone2. Not in landslide zone3. Drainage around building connected

to main drainage4. Good access5. Plinth6. No bamboo embedded in ground7. Columns anchored into ground using

Cement Concrete footings8. Beams tied down to columns (with

dowel or through column)9. Borak bracing in all four walls10. Maximum 20’ between braced walls11. Perimeter Column spacing < 5'12. Internal Column spacing < 10'13. Rafter spacing < 5‘14. Rafter span < 8’15. Purlin spacing < 1'16. Rope bracing in roof17. Roof is tied down

GENERAL GUIDELINESPREFERABLE REQUIREMENTS:1. Hipped roof2. Small roof overhang (cut back if

greater than 1.5’)3. Sheltered from wind4. Good access during rains5. Male and Female WASH facilities6. Good access to water source

• Hipped roof reduces wind load

• Roof tied down to columns• Columns anchored into

ground• Perimeter columns at 3-5’

spacing• Internal columns at 6’ - 10’

spacing reduce span


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ANCHORAGE- HAVE CONCRETE FOOTING

Bamboo embedded in the ground or in concrete will rot within 6 months due to moisture, leading to collapse Install concrete footings with steel plate to elevate bamboo above plinth

Consider footing options D and E in Footings catalogue by Shelter/NFI sector


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CONCRETE FOOTING OPTIONSBamboo embedded in the ground or in concrete will rot within 6 months due to moisture, leading to collapse Install concrete footings with steel plate to elevate bamboo above plinth Footing can be precast or cast in situ


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FOUNDATION DETAIL (other options)Bamboo is kept above ground by connecting them to MS flats grouted in Plain Cement Concrete. A suggestive design is given below.


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CONCRETE FOOTING STEPSBamboo embedded in the ground or in concrete will rot within 6 months, leading to collapse Install concrete footings with steel plate to elevate bamboo above plinth


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HAVE CONCRETE FOOTINGS

SCENARIO ACTION URGENCY DIFFICULTY

Columns embedded in earth

Install concrete footing Prop building & excavate around footing Install metal flat bars & pour Cement concrete of grade M15 (1:2:4)

cement: sand :Brick aggregate Fix the bamboo column to metal flat bars by 12mm BS bolts, nuts and

washers. OR Prop building & excavate around footing Place precast footing Fix the bamboo column to metal flat bars by 12mm BS bolts, nuts and

washers. Make sure that bamboo post is not damaged if damaged it needs to be replaced

HIGH MODERATE

Columns embedded in concrete

Post-fix steel plates to concrete footing Use expansion bolts or by drill into concrete and then grout Cut column to disconnect the part embedded in concreteMake sure that bamboo post is not damaged if damaged it needs to be replaced

HIGH EASY BUTEXPENSIVE

Concrete Footings enable keeping Bamboo columns away from ground thus enhancing its DURABILITY, while offering excellent ANCHORAGE of column by fixing with metal flat bars.


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KEY POINTS:1. Add bracing in ALL 4 walls2. Minimum two panels each wall3. 3-4” Borak Bamboo4. Stiff connection at both ends using dowels5. Add internal braced wall or external prop if building > 20’

long

BORAK BAMBOO BRACING NODE-TO-NODE STIFF CONNECTIONS USING DOWELS BRACE CONNECTED TO COLUMN USING DOWEL

BRACING

HALF PIECE OF BORAK BELOW BRACING TO SUPPORT BRACE VERTICALLY BRACING CONNECTS RIGHT INTO COLUMN-

BEAM CONNECTION USING FISHMOUTH

Add internal braced wall or external prop if building > 20’ long


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KEY POINTS:1. Additional rope bracing can be installed quickly &

easily in walls2. Add rope bracing to roof3. 6mm rope doubled up & tightened by twisting

Note: Primary wall bracing must be borak bamboo.Rope to be used as additional bracing only.

ROPE TIED THROUGH HOLE IN BEAM FULLY TIGHTENED USING TOURNIQUET

ADDITIONAL ROPE BRACING

ROPE BRACING IN ROOF

ROPE BRACING IN WALLS IN ADDITION TO BAMBOO BRACING


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CONNECTIONSKEY POINTS:1. ALL ELEMENTS TIED DOWN

Purlins Rafters Beams ColumnsColumn anchored into Ground

2. NO NAILS – Bamboo will split as it shrinks3. Tie beam/rafter down to column using dowel through column4. Holes must be oversized to avoid splitting

12mm bolt 14-15 mm drilled hole5. Fishmouth connection

Column diameter greater than Beam Diameter (or shape fishmouth with chisel to ensure good fit)

BEAM TIED DOWN TO COLUMNHOLE DRILLED BELOW FINAL NODE

PURLINS TIED DOWN TO RAFTERRAFTER TIED DOWN TO BEAMBEAM TIED DOWN TO COLUMN

FISHMOUTH CONNECTION WILL SPLIT

COLUMN ANCHORED INTO GROUNDBAMBOO LIFTED OFF GROUND USING STEEL PLATE

BOLT HOLES NOT OVERSIZED SPLITTING


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CONNECTIONS

For connecting Borak length-wise:

• Lap joint using half split ends andconnecting them using dowel and ropes

• Butt joint secured in position by usingtwo half-split bamboos of largerdiameter and dowels and rope.


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BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTION

Beam has fallen off columnNo fish-mouth connection Beam can slip sideways off column

Nothing to stop roof pulling off column

Beam not securely fixed on column

CONNECT BEAM TO COLUMN WITH DOWELS & TIE DOWN(DOWEL MUST BE BELOW BAMBOO NODE)

REMEDIAL ACTION:


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BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTION cont.

PLAN

LOWER BEAM

UPPER BEAM

EXISTING CONNECTION

REVISED CONNECTION

FISHMOUTH CONNECTION

FISHMOUTH CONNECTION

DOWEL THROUGH EACH BEAM AND EACH COLUMN

CONNECT BEAM TO COLUMN WITH DOWELS & TIE DOWN(DOWEL MUST BE BELOW BAMBOO NODE)

UPPER BEAM SHOWN DOTTED

If it is possible to rebuild the roof, it is recommended that the beam-column connection is redesigned so that the double beams sit side-by-side instead of being stacked vertically – see section on Beam-Column Connection


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STRENGTHENING THE ROOF

RISK MITIGATION

Rafters are too widely spaced. Spacing > 5’ Add extra rafters between existing rafters

Purlins are too widely spaced. Spacing > 1.5’ Add extra purlins between existing purlins

Tie beam not fixed to edge beam Connect tie beam to edge beam using dowel to prevent slip

Low quality polythene used Remove grass Add tarpaulin over polythene Replace grass

Large overhang Large uplift force from wind Cut back roof overhang. &/or: Add tie-down blocks/strap eaves to columns.

There is a range of possible ways in which the roof may require strengthening. The table below indicates which action to take in each circumstance:

Add Muli purlins at mid-span if purlin spacing > 1’

Connect tie beam to edge beam using dowel to prevent slip (dowel before final node!)

Add Borak rafter at mid-span if rafter spacing > 5’

Cut back overhang if > 1.5’


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CGI ROOFCGI roofing is strongly discouraged. If CGI roof is on the community facility it is essential that guidance How to build safe roofs with corrugated galvanized iron (CGI) sheeting is followed. https://www.sheltercluster.org/sites/default/files/docs/ifrc-sru_cgi-roofing_manual_e-version_high-res.pdf

If this is not followed than it is advisable to remove CGI roofing and replace it with tarpaulin. In some cases this is not possible. In this cases use of the facilities with improperly installed CGI roofing for temporary communal shelters is discouraged. Taking this into account roofs of structures that cannot be used for temporary communal structures should be at minimum tied down.

IEC on CGI roofing tie down is available at: https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/bangladesh/document/cgi-roof-tie-down

https://www.sheltercluster.org/sites/default/files/docs/ifrc-sru_cgi-roofing_manual_e-version_high-res.pdf

https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/bangladesh/document/cgi-roof-tie-down


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Columns embedded in ground will rot Replace with concrete footings

Widely spaced columns Add columns at mid-span Add internal columns every other bay (max 10’ c-c)No bracing (or poorly connected bracing)

Install borak bracing Connect using dowels & fish-mouth Add internal braced wall, if building > 20’ long

Beams not properly tied down to columns Connect beams to columns using dowels

Widely spaced rafters (>5’) and purlins (>1’) Add rafters and purlins at mid-point between existing

Tie beam poorly connected against slip Connect tie beam to edge beam using dowel to prevent slip

Rain ponding on flat roof Remove roof, trim columns to increase roof pitch and then rebuild roof

Old/damaged materials Replace damaged elements Add tarpaulin over polythene in roof

Large overhang Large uplift force Cut back roof or tie down Install tie-down blocks around building

SUMMARY: RISKS & MITIGATION


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SITE IMPROVEMENTPRIORITY PROBLEM ACTION/STRENGETHENING ITEM DIFFICULTY

1 FLOOD RISK Building in Flood zone Close facility Easy

2 LANDSLIDE RISK Building in Landslide zone Deconstruct facility Moderate

3 ACCESS Difficult to access during rains (steep slopes, flooded paths, etc.)

Improve pathways & stairwaysRaise bridgesAdd handrails to bridges and stairways

Difficult

4 LOCALFLOODING

Poor drainage local flooding around building & pathways

Add robust drainage around building connected to main drainage and alongside access routes Difficult

5 MUDSLIDES Exposed slopes above facility + rain Mudslides (small landslide)

Add retaining wallsTerrace slope using borak posts & jute bagsPlant grass or vetiver on exposed slopes

Difficult

6 BUILDING ON SLOPE

Ground below foundation at risk of collapse

Underpin building using precast concrete (preferable) or borak posts Difficult

For more guidance on Site Works please refer to the Site Risk Mitigation Guide and the Site Improvement Catalogue

Available at:https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/bangladesh/camp-coordination-and-camp-management/documents/document-type/technical-document

https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/bangladesh/camp-coordination-and-camp-management/documents/document-type/technical-document


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STRENGTHENING THE BUILDINGPRIORITY ITEM PROBLEM STRENGTHENING ITEM

1FOUNDATIONS

Bamboo columns embedded in ground/concrete will rot

Install concrete footings and lift bamboo out of ground Moderate

2STABILITY

No Bracing (or bracing is poorly connected) collapse

Add borak bracing to all four walls connected with dowelsAdd internal braced wall if building > 20’ long

Easy

3CONNECTIONS

Loose/weak connections building will fall apart

Tighten connectionsAdd dowels to tie down beams to columns Easy

4 COLUMNSPACING

Columns are too far apart beams will fail in high winds

Add columns at mid-point between existing and in the centre of building.(or add haunches) Moderate

5RAFTER SPACING

Mulli bamboo cannot span more than 5’ Add rafters at mid-point between existing Easy

6PURLIN SPACING

Widely spaced purlins Roof will collapse in high wind/rain

Add purlins at mid-point between existing Easy

7 OLD/DAMAGEDMATERIAL

Borers/rot damage to bamboo or split bambooPolythene (not tarpaulin) in roof or damaged tarpaulin

Replace damaged elements, preferably bamboo to be replaced with treated bambooAdd tarpaulin over polythene in roof Moderate

8 TIE BEAM(PITCHED ROOF)

Tie beam free to slide horizontally over edge beam Collapse

Connect tie beam to edge beam using dowel to prevent slip Easy

9 OVERHANG / EAVES

Large overhang Large uplift force from wind

Cut back roof or tie downInstall tie-down blocks around building Easy


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- Strengthening of structures is technically complex and potentially dangerous process – skilled workers are needed

- It is essential to have more then one person working on site at any time- Estimate the number of skilled and unskilled persons that will be needed

Skilled workers: Unskilled workers:

o Workers supporting skilled workers (team up with skilled worker)

o Workers stacking up materials

o Workers carrying materials too and off the site

o Securing the siteo At least one present at all

times to ensure there are no children on site

PPE (personal protective equipment):For CGI, plain galvanized sheet and wood:

Safety glasses Gloves

For all structures:

Closed shoes

Supervisor:

o Prepare plan for strengthening

o Constantly supervise to avoid accidents and ensure quality of work

Hard hat

STAFFING FOR STRENGTHENING

o For wooden structures –carpenters

o For bamboo structures –workers skilled in bamboo construction

Volunteers:


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- First aid kit always on the site- Identify closest medical facility and the fastest route to it- Preferably have person trained for first aid in the team carrying out deconstruction- Clearly communicate to the community what you are doing, how long it will take, what organization you

are from, where is alternative facility that can be used during strengthening of this one

o Mark area with rope or plastic fence o The distance between structure being

strengthened and edge of working area has to be minimum the same as the height of the structure

Securing the site during work time:

o Drop-off or temporary material storage area has to be secured as well

o If there are shelters or other structures within working area, evaluate the risk and potentially temporarily evacuate them prior to strengthening works

SAFETY AND SECURITY


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Suggested Programme Implementation Steps :2.a PRE-UPGRADE PHASE:

1. Select the community facility based on the following criteria:1. Community facilities should not be located at risk zones-top of the hill, low lying area prone to

flooding and facilities that are at risk of landslides.2. Community facilities that have safe access -road/pathway3. Community facilities that have basic amenities such as WASH facilities, solar power backup

and access to water4. Community facilities that do not have CGI roofing (if CGI roofing it is advisable to tie it down)

2. Hold initial discussion with relevant authority managing the facility (for example, Imams and mosque committee) and share the scope of upgrade works as mentioned in Letter of Understanding (Annexure-1). Encourage the committee to disseminate the information on upgrade among the community and other stakeholders so that needy households may use the upgraded facility.

3. Validate the recommended structural measures as mentioned in the Structural Assessment form(Annexure-2:) by inspecting the community facility again. Some community facilities might havebeen improved after the structural assessment. In such cases, revise the recommended measuresand BOQ (Bill of Quantities). Mark the retrofitting/upgrade measures on a drawing.

4. Take photos of before upgrade for documentation.

MANAGEMENT ASPECTS


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Suggested Programme Implementation Steps :2.b UPGRADE PHASE: Construction Tips

Preparation1. Ensure that materials for upgrade are brought to site.2. Organise labour teams for various activities.3. Based on the list of upgrade measures listed in the recommendations, preparation of materials and

facility components viz. column or beam components must be carried out on the ground, where appropriate. Material preparation includes, but not limited to, the following:• Cutting Borak bamboo to required length• Making fish-mouth connections for new columns• Drilling holes in bamboo for making dowel connection, where appropriate.• Connecting two borak bamboo in longitudinal direction where needed, using dowel and

interlocking lap or butt joint.

MANAGEMENT ASPECTS


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Suggested Programme Implementation Steps :2.b UPGRADE PHASE:

General guidelines for Upgrade construction steps:1. Adopt a top-down approach to implement Facility upgrade. Suggested steps are given below.2. Begin with ridge beam and end with foundation.3. Provide temporary props to support the rafters on both sides of gable roof and replace defective

and/or weak ridge beam. 4. Second step is then to work on rafters; replace bamboo rafters that are defective or split, with new

ones. Add new rafters where needed based on the recommended spacing. Ensure tight connection of rafters with ridge beam and end beams. If rafter span exceeds the recommended span of 8 feet, provide diagonal support rafters from column to reduce the span to 8 feet.

5. Add more Muli bamboo purlins. if required. Connect them with rafters with 3 mm rope.6. Provide temporary supports to beam and replace sections of beams where needed. If beams are

strong and of recommended size, then strengthen the connections.7. Replace defective borak bamboo columns and add new columns to adjust spacing as required.

Spacing should match with rafter spacing.

MANAGEMENT ASPECTS


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General guidelines for Upgrade construction steps:1. Attach MS flat bars to Borak Bamboo column and align the centre of columns such that al columns

lie on the same line. If poring concrete in situ check the foundation pit size and formwork for concrete. If using precast footings ensure that they are placed at least 2ft deep and soil around them is well compacted.

2. Ensure that foundation concrete is laid as per the foundation detail. Curing must be ensured after 24 hours for a period of 7 days.

3. Replace plastic sheet with tarpaulin, if required. If one part of the roof is leaking, reinforce the cover with new tarpaulin in that part of the roof. Engineer/Supervisor at site needs to take a decision based on the needs.

4. Walls may be improved using bamboo mat/grid (tiara) and with tarpaulin envelope fixed on bamboo supports.

MANAGEMENT ASPECTS


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General guidelines for Upgrade construction steps:1. Brace the structure ensuring that:

• At least two bays (corners) on each wall are reinforced with diagonal bracing using borak bamboo. Brace should be connected diagonally both the corners of the bay. It should be secured in position by dowel and rope connection.

• Bracing is also required in interior columns ensuring that the distance between braced walls does not exceed 20 feet.

• Roof level bracing is to be done at 4 corners of the facility. Rope bracing may be considered as secondary bracing especially for roof panels; connecting ridge to eaves diagonally.

2. The sequence may require changes depending on location of site.

MANAGEMENT ASPECTS


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Suggested Programme Implementation Steps :2.c. POST UPGRADE PHASE

1. Soon after upgrade, a thorough check must be carried out to ensure both quality and coverage of all upgrade features in the community facility. A standard monitoring checklist (attached) should be used for this purpose.

2. Based on a joint inspection at site, obtain completion certificate from representatives of the community facility (example, mosque committee) and handover the facility.

3. Prepare a Do’s and Don’ts checklist for regular upkeep and periodic maintenance of the facility. (attached) and share it with the representatives of community facility.

4. Prepare a brief report on upgrade particularly presenting BOQ of materials and labour used for the upgrade.

5. Organise awareness creation programme for the potential users on use of the upgraded facility.

MANAGEMENT ASPECTS

ANNEX-1 DRAFT TEMPLATE Letter of Understanding

On this _________________________ 2019, it is hereby agreed by and between Mosque Committee of ___________________block no. ________________ Camp no. __________________ and ______________________ (organization carrying out strengthening) that: The Masjid Committee hereby expresses its willingness to offer mosque building (reference- Block no._____________ of Camp no. ________________) for upgradation/strengthening to ____________________________(organization carrying out strengthening) as per the conditions mentioned below.

1. The Committee understands that the upgradation is aimed at making the mosque as a temporary communal shelter for those households whose shelters may be damaged due to rainfall and localized landslides. Further the Committee understands that the upgradation is not aimed at making the mosque cyclone proof and therefore the mosque may not be safe during cyclone even after upgradation.

2. The cost of upgradation shall be borne by _____________________________ (organization carrying out strengthening) including materials, consumables and labour, and supervision. Progress of upgradation will be reviewed jointly by _______________________(organization carrying out strengthening) and Mosque Committee.

3. Upgradation work would involve strengthening columns and providing foundation in concrete where necessary, replacement of defective bamboos in roof structure and beams, providing lateral bracing of columns and strengthening all the ties and connections in critical locations of the building. The upgradation work will not increase the size of mosque.

4. During the upgradation time, the mosque may not be in a position for conducting regular prayers. The committee may have to set up alternative or temporary space for prayers. The upgradation process will take ___________ working days.

5. The mosque committee has no objection to entry of persons from ________________________ (organization carrying out strengthening) who may regular visits for site inspection.

6. The mosque committee has no objection to entry of women and children in need at the time of crisis.

7. Mosque Committee shall take care of construction materials at site. 8. Upon completion, Mosque Committee shall provide a letter of completion.

(Name & Signature)

Imam:

President:

Majhee:

Name of organization carrying out strengthening and representative:________________________,

ANNEX-2

BASIC STRUCTURAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT TOOL

FOR COMMUNITY BUILDINGS

NAME OF FACILITY / ADDRESS 1. KEY INFORMATION FOR ADMN PURPOSE UID: Facility Type: Community Bldg/Office/Warehouse/Other Building Type: Permanent / Temporary GPS Coordinate: N E Operated by (agency):

On-site Contact Person

#

2. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT COMMUNITY BUILDING Description: <no. of levels / structural material / roof material / etc.>

Built (Year): Building Area (m²): Building Shape:

Building Height (m):

Attached line sketch-Yes/No Gender Separation: <yes / no>

Comments:

3. SITE ANALYSIS (Accessibility and Amenities) No. Consideration Yes /

No Comments

Access to building site

3.1 Is the site accessible by vehicle road? If not, approximately how far from nearest road?

List type, if accessible: <by bus /by car / by CNG / by bicycle >

3.2 Is the site accessible for people with disability?

3.3 Is access to the site likely to be impeded due to heavy rain and/or flooding?

Amenities at the site/building 3.4 Does the site have access to water for

drinking? If not, distance from water

point 3.5 Does the site have access to latrines? No. and types- 3.6 Does the site have access to handwashing? 3.7 Does the building have power supply? If yes,

indicate. Public power/Solar/Diesel

generator Power rating: No. of hours of backup:

3.8 Does the site have reliable cell signal? Which network?

3.9 Does the site have a suitable bulk storage area to pre-position emergency supplies/kits? If yes, give details

Maximum Load Capacity

3.10 Others:

4. OPERATIONAL SAFETY AND SECURITY No. Consideration Yes /

No Comments

4.1 Does the building have fire-safety equipment, such as fire blankets and fire extinguishers?

4.2 Is the building fitted with a PA system?

4.3 Is there special areas and equipment for storing waste?

4.4 Is the building accessible for people with limited mobility?

4.5 Is the building well lit, internally and externally?

4.6 Is there a security guard? 4.7 Do private spaces (i.e. toilets) have

operational locks?

4.8 Is there a locking mechanism on the doors? 4.9 Is there a locking mechanism on the

windows?

4.10 Other:

5. VULNERABLITY AND DISASTER RISK No. Consideration Yes/ No Comments Design of building

5.1 Is the building built to withstand cyclone? If no, list expected damages: <superficial / structural> <roof, walls, foundations, columns, beams>

5.2 Is the building built to withstand earthquake? If no, list expected damages: <superficial / structural> <roof, walls, foundations, columns, beams>

5.3 Is the building raised to withstand flood? If no, list expected damages: <superficial / structural> < walls, foundations, columns, beams>

Vulnerability and Disaster Risk 5.4 Is the site in an area prone to flooding? 5.5 Is the site adjacent/on an area prone to

landslide?

5.6 Is the site on an area exposed to strong winds?

5.7 Is the building likely to get uplifted in strong winds?

Response action: anchor the building

5.8 Is the building likely to overturn in strong winds?

Response action: additional cross-bracing

5.9 Is the building likely to shift in strong winds? Response action: anchor the building

5.10 Is the site and its surrounding area vulnerable to fire and other secondary hazards?

5.11 Is the building at a safe distance from big trees and overhead powerlines which may be a threat? (consider height)

5.12 Is the site a clear distance from adjacent buildings that may collapse?

5.13 If the building fails in a natural disaster event will the collapse of the building likely result in injury or death? Specify

5.14 Is the roof sheeting or other building parts likely to fly off?

Response action: tie down the roof

5.15 Could flying debris from the building be dangerous for surrounding shelters?

Example: Corrugated Iron Sheeting (CGI)

5.16 Other:

6. STRUCTURAL SAFETY AND STABILITY ASPECTS No. Consideration Yes/ No Comments Foundation

6.1 Bamboo in Earth Condition: 6.2 Bamboo in Concrete Condition: 6.3 Other Details: Plinth 6.4 Height above Ground (m) Details: 6.5 Height above Flood Level (m) 6.6 Concrete floor? Columns 6.7 Bamboo size-Diameter and wall thickness 6.8 No of boraks in each column 1, 2, 3 or 4 6.9 Is Bamboo free from defects? 6.10 Spacing of bamboo columns Bracing and lateral support 6.11 All four walls? (Perimeter columns/bays) Details: 6.12 Which material of bracing for walls/columns? Borak Bamboo/ Muli Bamboo/

Rope/Wire 6.13 Is there Roof bracing? If yes, which material? Borak Bamboo/ Muli Bamboo/

Rope/Wire 6.14 Strong stiff connection? Including in tension? 6.15 Distance between braced walls? (m) 6.16 Any cross wall or bracing in internal bays? Details: Roofing

6.17 Shape of roof-mono pitch, gable, hipped Details: 6.18 Slope-rise over span (i.e. 1in 3, 1in 4 or

other)

6.19 Will water pond on roof?

6.20 Rafter -bamboo thickness (mm) Borak/Muli

6.21 Rafter spacing (m)

6.22 Purlin material and size. Specify. Details:

6.23 Roofing material CGI/Thatch/Tarpaulin/Plastic

6.24 Roof overhang (horizontal distance in m)

6.25 Whether eaves/overhang is strapped/tied to bottom? If so, which material, give details

Ties and connections (Give details of connections and ties- example whether ropes, with dowel connection, holes etc.)

6.26 Roofing material to purlin

6.27 Purlin to Rafter/ truss

6.28 Rafter/truss to beams

6.29 Beam- Column

6.30 Column – bracing connection

6.31 Others:

7. SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING CONDITION <poor / good> <comment> Roof Sheeting Check for rusting/tearing/insufficient fasteners/possible rain leak areas

Ridge Roll Check for rusting/insufficient fasteners

Purlins Check for rotting/termites/insufficient spacing

Truss Check for rotting/termites/insufficient spacing/bracing/connections

Girt / Beam Check for rotting/termites/insufficient spacing/bracing/connections

Fascia / Facial Board Check for rotting/termites/supports/connections

Column Check for rotting/termites/insufficient spacing/bracing/connections

Wall Check for rotting/insufficient rain and wind protection/bracing

Doors Check for proper operation/insufficient rain protection

Door Jamb Check for proper hinge size-spacing-fasteners/rotting/termites/bracing

Windows Check for proper operation/insufficient rain protection

Window Jamb Check for proper hinge size-spacing-fasteners/rotting/termites/bracing

Flooring Check for possible slippery areas/ground water flow protection

8. RECOMMENDATIONS If building is properly sited and can be upgraded/improved to a level that will ensure that the building is safe for occupants during a cyclone, then; summarize the action points for preparedness and risk reduction including time scale (1 month prior / 3 days prior). OR If building is not properly sited and/or is deemed unsuitable for upgrade, then the recommendation is to cease operations > 48 hours prior to the cyclone and identify the next nearest support facility (pre-position signage at the facility). Include action points to strengthen the building facility to minimize possible damage from cyclone event.

9. ANNEX List enclosed items: Plan and sectional view Photos

10. BILL OF QUANTITIES List enclosed items:

• Technical specifications of structural strengthening measures • BOQ • Estimate

ASSESSED BY: Name:______________________________ Designation:_________________________ Date (DD/MM/YY): ____________________

VERIFIED BY: Name:______________________________ Designation:_________________________ Date (DD/MM/YY): ____________________

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BASIC GUIDANCE FOR STRENGTHENING/UPGRADING EXISTING ...€¦ · • Assess the strengthening and...

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