Basic English Grammar Chapter 1

Using Be and Have

Be (singular)

• _____ (singular noun) is a/an _____ (singular noun).

• Maria is a student.• A beetle is an insect.• A bug is an insect.• It is an ant.• I have a brother.

• An animal is in the wild.• An animal is wild.

Articles

• Articles frequently come before singular nouns.

• A and An mean the same thing.

• A is used in front of words that begin with consonants (b, c, d, f, etc. and also u)

• An is used in front of wards that begin with a, e, i and o.

Exercise 4Complete the sentence with your own

words1. … is a language.

2. … is a country.

3. … is a city.

4. … is a continent.

5. … is an animal.

6. … is an insect.

Exercise 8What are the following things?

1. English

2. England

3. Butterflies

4. Chickens

5. Europe

6. Roses

7. A carrot

8. Rusian and Arabic

9. Spring

10. Japan and Venezuela

1. A computer

2. A bear

3. Bees

4. An ant

5. Winter and sumer

6. September and October

7. A dictionary

8. Typewriters

9. A Honda

10.El Salvador

Exercise 7 Complete the sentence with your own

words1. … a country.

2. …countries.

3. …languages.

4. …a language.

5. …a city

6. …cities

7. …animals

8. …an insect.

9. …a peninsula.

10.…streets in this city.

11.…countries in Asia.

12.…a city in Europe.

13.…a plant.

14.…a season.

• Armenia (Country)• Armenian (people)• China• Chinese• El Salvadore• Salvadorian• Colombia• Colombians

Noun + are + Noun : Plural

– Usually add an “s” to nouns to make them plural.

• Cat/Cats• Car/Cars

Plural words that end in “Y”

• If a there is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) before the “Y” add an “S”– Boy/Boys

• If there is a consonant (b, c, d, x, t, r…) before the “Y”, change the “Y” to “ies”– Baby/Babies

NOUN and NOUN + ARE + NOUN

• Canada and China are countries.

• Theater and cinema are places.

• A chair and a stool are seats.

• San Francisco and San Mateo are places.