BASIC APA REFERENCES Finding your sources without losing your mind Created by Sharon Wyly.

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BASIC APA REFERENCES Finding your sources without losing your mind Created by Sharon Wyly

Transcript of BASIC APA REFERENCES Finding your sources without losing your mind Created by Sharon Wyly.

Created by Sharon Wyly

BASIC APA REFERENCES

Finding your sources without losing your mind

Created by Sharon Wyly

THE PURPOSE OF APA REFERENCES

• APA provides a standard way of referencing material so the reader can find the sources.– Internal citations lead to the References list

where the full citation is contained.

• Referencing grounds your work in the greater world of research.

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• APA uses periods between reference elements and at the end of each reference

• APA only capitalizes the first word in a title & in the subtitle unless the word is one that is always capitalized

• No hyperlinks anywhere in the paper

HOW APA DIFFERS FROM OTHER STYLES

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IMPORTANT RULE

Every item on the reference list must be discussed in the main

body of the work and cited internally.

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• Links the reference within the body of the work to the full reference information in the reference list.

• Basic form: (Last name, year).– Use internal citation once in

each paragraph where needed.

– Use title of article/webpage if there is no author.

Last year, 23% of all female consumers said …(Brown, 2001).

OR

Brown (2011) said that last year, 23% of all female consumers . . .

INTERNAL CITATIONS

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• Double spaced.• Hanging indents• Alphabetize by

author’s last name.• Top of the page:

References (centered).

FORMAT FOR REFERENCE LIST

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• Basic form: Author’s last name, First initial. (year). Title of book: Subtitle if needed. City, State: Publisher.– State not needed for

all cities. See APA for list.

Brown, J. (2001). The world is a balloon: Memoir of a marketer. Madison, WI: Madison State Publisher.

BOOKS

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• Author’s last name, First initial. (year). Title of article: Subtitle. Journal name, volume number (issue number), pages.– Note: not all journals use

both volume & issue numbers

Smith, B. (2003). Basic marketing. Journal of Internet Marketing 12 (2), 108-109.

PRINT JOURNALS

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• Some electronic journals use a doi. If there’s a doi, use it in the reference.

• Author’s last name, First initial. (year). Title of article: Subtitle. Journal name, volume number (issue number), pages.– Note: not all journals use

both volume & issue numbers

Smith, B. (2003). Basic marketing. Journal of Virtual Worlds, 12(2), 108-109. doi xxx-x/xxxx

ELECTRONIC JOURNALS

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• If the electronic journal does not have a doi, use the specific database.

• Don’t cite Ebscohost• Author’s last name, First initial.

(year). Title of article: Subtitle. Journal name, volume number (issue number), pages. Retrieved from specific database.– Note: not all journals use both

volume & issue numbers

Smith, B. (2003). Basic marketing. Journal of Virtual Worlds, 12(2), 108-109. Retrieved from Academic Journals database.

ELECTRONIC JOURNALS

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• Basic form: author’s last name, first initial. (date). Title. Retrieved date of retrieval, from URL– No period used after URL– n.d. used in place of date

when there is none listed– If there’s no author or title,

use: Page title. (date). Retrieval information

Jones, B. (n.d.). Selling the Internet. Retrieved January 23, 2011, from http:// www.sales.com

WEBSITES

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• There are literally dozens of exceptions to the rules. Use the APA reference materials to help you.

• Keep records of where/when you gathered sources.

• Electronic rules change. Use APA update for electronic sources.

• Remember the basic forms.

OTHER NOTES

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• Multiple authors: First author’s last name, first initial & second author’s last name, first initial.– Use the order of the

authors as found on the title page of the book.

– et al used only with more than 3 authors.

• Author has multiple sources: Organize first by secondary author(s), then by date.

AUTHOR NOTES

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SAMPLE REFERENCE LIST

See the Sample APA Pages in the Edmodo file