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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction...........................................................................................................................................iiiALBANIA..................................................................................................................................................1ANDORRA................................................................................................................................................4ARGENTINA............................................................................................................................................8AUSTRALIA...........................................................................................................................................13AUSTRIA................................................................................................................................................17BAHRAIN...............................................................................................................................................21BARBADOS............................................................................................................................................26BELARUS...............................................................................................................................................29BELGIUM...............................................................................................................................................42BOLIVIA.................................................................................................................................................51BOTSWANA...........................................................................................................................................54BRAZIL...................................................................................................................................................57BULGARIA.............................................................................................................................................62BURKINA FASO....................................................................................................................................67CAMBODIA............................................................................................................................................70CANADA................................................................................................................................................74CHILE......................................................................................................................................................86CHINA.....................................................................................................................................................89COLOMBIA............................................................................................................................................99COSTA RICA........................................................................................................................................106CROATIA..............................................................................................................................................109CUBA....................................................................................................................................................114CYPRUS................................................................................................................................................117CZECH REPUBLIC..............................................................................................................................120DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO...........................................................................................126DENMARK...........................................................................................................................................129DOMINICA...........................................................................................................................................133ECUADOR............................................................................................................................................136EGYPT...................................................................................................................................................139EL SALVADOR....................................................................................................................................142ESTONIA..............................................................................................................................................146FINLAND..............................................................................................................................................149FRANCE................................................................................................................................................155THE GAMBIA.......................................................................................................................................159GEORGIA..............................................................................................................................................163GERMANY...........................................................................................................................................165HUNGARY............................................................................................................................................170ICELAND..............................................................................................................................................178INDONESIA..........................................................................................................................................182IRELAND..............................................................................................................................................189ISRAEL..................................................................................................................................................196ITALY....................................................................................................................................................200JAPAN...................................................................................................................................................203JORDAN................................................................................................................................................208KIRIBATI..............................................................................................................................................211KYRGYZSTAN....................................................................................................................................214

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LATVIA.................................................................................................................................................217LITHUANIA..........................................................................................................................................220LUXEMBOURG...................................................................................................................................225MALAYSIA..........................................................................................................................................228MAURITANIA......................................................................................................................................232MAURITIUS.........................................................................................................................................235MICRONESIA (FEDERATED STATES OF)......................................................................................246MONACO..............................................................................................................................................248MONGOLIA..........................................................................................................................................251MOROCCO...........................................................................................................................................255MOZAMBIQUE....................................................................................................................................259NETHERLANDS..................................................................................................................................262NEW ZEALAND...................................................................................................................................267NORWAY..............................................................................................................................................273OMAN...................................................................................................................................................276PANAMA..............................................................................................................................................280PAPUA NEW GUINEA........................................................................................................................283PARAGUAY.........................................................................................................................................286PERU.....................................................................................................................................................288POLAND...............................................................................................................................................294PORTUGAL..........................................................................................................................................299QATAR..................................................................................................................................................304REPUBLIC OF KOREA.......................................................................................................................308REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA.................................................................................................................313ROMANIA............................................................................................................................................317RUSSIAN FEDERATION....................................................................................................................321SAINT LUCIA.......................................................................................................................................332SENEGAL.............................................................................................................................................336SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO...........................................................................................................338SINGAPORE.........................................................................................................................................348SLOVAKIA...........................................................................................................................................352SLOVENIA............................................................................................................................................357SPAIN....................................................................................................................................................362SRI LANKA..........................................................................................................................................370SWEDEN...............................................................................................................................................374THAILAND...........................................................................................................................................377TUNISIA................................................................................................................................................384TURKEY...............................................................................................................................................406UGANDA..............................................................................................................................................412UKRAINE..............................................................................................................................................416UNITED KINGDOM............................................................................................................................420UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA.................................................................................................428URUGUAY............................................................................................................................................431UZBEKISTAN......................................................................................................................................435VIET NAM............................................................................................................................................439ZAMBIA................................................................................................................................................443

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Introduction

The Conference of the Parties to the Basel Convention at its sixth meeting (Geneva, December 2002) mandated the Secretariat of the Basel Convention to prepare the Country Fact Sheets for the year 2000 and to make it available to Parties and non-Parties. Accordingly, the Secretariat has prepared ninety-three Country Fact Sheets for the year 2000 as compared to the eighty-seven Country Fact Sheets prepared for the year 1999, based on the national reporting done by Parties. This reflects a trend in improved national reporting by Parties to the Secretariat. It could be attributed to the successful revision1 of the questionnaire on “Transmission of Information” as well as to the increased awareness among Parties towards the obligation of reporting as a Party to the Convention. On one hand it re-confirms the growing commitment of the Parties to report and on the other hand the active role played by the Secretariat in facilitating such reporting by Parties.

The purpose of the Country Fact Sheets is to provide access to the much-needed information on country activities related to hazardous wastes and other wastes in a concise manner to decision makers and others thus facilitating the effective implementation of the Convention.

The main scope of the Country Fact Sheets is to cover a Party’s national definition of hazardous wastes, data on quantities of hazardous wastes and other wastes generated, exported and imported, restrictions on transboundary movement, reduction and/or elimination of hazardous waste generation, transboundary movement reduction measures, disposal/recovery facilities, bilateral, multilateral or regional agreements and technical assistance and training available. It also covers the concerned Party’s contact address of the competent authority, focal point, status of ratification and ratification/acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention. The Country Fact Sheets are arranged alphabetically by country in this publication.

The Country Fact Sheets have been prepared on the basis of the information provided by Parties for the year 2000 in accordance with Articles 13 & 16 of the Convention. A cut-off date was set to 30 November 2002 and only those completed questionnaires for the year 2000 which were received on or before this date have been taken into consideration while preparing the Country Fact Sheets. These Country Fact Sheets were sent to the respective Party providing the information for reviewing and for approval. To make the content of the Country Fact Sheets as current as possible, updates on policy related issues were requested from Parties (only in relation to the existing headings of the Country Fact Sheets with the exception of statistics on hazardous waste generation, export and import). Feedback received from Parties until 15 March 2003 has been taken into account while finalizing these Country Fact Sheets.

In some cases, the Secretariat sought specific clarifications from some Parties in relation to the data and information provided by them. Clarifications received are reflected in the contents of the Country Fact Sheets. However, some clarifications are still pending from Parties and they are reflected as footnotes.

The Secretariat acknowledges and appreciates every effort made by Parties to fulfil the reporting requirements of the Convention and look forward to their continued cooperation on this matter.

Dr. Sachiko Kuwabara-YamamotoExecutive SecretarySecretariat of the Basel ConventionMarch 2003

1 For details please refer document UNEP/CHW.6/29.iii

Basel ConventionCountry Fact Sheet

ALBANIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 29.06.1999 (a)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002

Competent Authority Focal Point

Ministry of EnvironmentRruga e Durresit, No. 27, Tiranatel: (355-4) 27-0630fax: (355-4) 27-0627e-mail: [email protected]

Deputy MinisterRruga e Durresit, No. 27, Tiranatel: (355-4) 22-5134/27-0630fax: (355-4) 27-0625/27-0627e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

“Waste” is generated from economic and social activities, and physical products which are not hazardous wastes, according to the Council of Ministers, Decision No. 26 1/31/1994 on “Residues and Hazardous Wastes”.

Council of Ministers Decision No. 26 1/31/1994 on “Residues and Hazardous Waste” defines hazardous wastes as follows: “Hazardous waste” are all toxic substances, corrosive, explosive, flammable, carcinogenic, and radioactive, capable to change or generate another substance having the ability to accelerate the burning, that destroy the natural being of water, soil and air, damaging man and all living beings in the natural environment.

Albania uses the definition of hazardous waste as set out in the Basel Convention and has adopted the Basel Annexes for its Decision of the Council of Ministers on the Export, Import and Transit of Wastes.

There are no wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention.

In Albania urban waste and all non-hazardous waste generated from household and social activities require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

Restrictions on Amendment to the Basel Convention

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Transboundary Movement

The amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Albania.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryAlbania has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalAlbania restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are:- the Environmental Protection Law No. 7664 1/21/1993, Article No. 5: “In

the Republic of Albania the import of hazardous waste and substances for reservation, storage or disposal purposes is prohibited”; and

- the Council of Ministers, Decision No. 26 1/31/1994: “In the Republic of Albania the import of hazardous waste in gross or refined conditions, and the import of waste for disposal purpose are prohibited”.

Restrictions on import for recoveryAlbania has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitAlbania restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Environmental Protection Law No. 7664 1/21/1993, Article No. 5: “The transit/transport of hazardous waste and substances through the territory and national waters of Republic of Albania is permitted only in case the import is foreseen in an international act in which the Republic of Albania contributes as Party. In this case, the transit/transport is done with permission of the Council of Ministers”.

Reduction and/or Elimination of Hazardous Waste Generation

National strategies/policies- Solid Waste Management Plan;- The Law for the Management of Hazardous Chemical Substances will be

completed in 2001; and- The approval in July 2001 of the “Strategic Action Plan for healthcare

waste management in Tirana city”.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Environmental Protection Law No. 7664 1/21/1993;- Law on Public Removal of Waste No. 8094 3/21/1996; - Decision of Council of Ministers No 26 1/31/1994 on Hazardous Waste

and Residues;- Law no. 8364 dated 3 July 1998 amending the law no. 7664 of 21 January

1993 “On Environment Protection”; and- Decision No. 541 of Council of Ministers dated 25 September 1995 “On

Duties that Ministers, Institutions and Physical and Juridical Persons have in Environmental Monitoring and Control Process”.

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Transboundary Movement Reduction Measures

National strategies/policiesThe Ministry of Public Economy and Privatization during the year 2000 collected nearly 80 tonnes of hazardous chemicals and will continue to collect about 3 420 tonnes of this substances for better storage conditions.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Decision of Council of Ministers No 26 1/31/1994 on Hazardous Waste

and Residues.

Disposal/ Recovery Facilities

Disposal facilities- Nitrate fertilizers plant in Fier, storage in tanks (D12); and- Ministry of Public Economy and Privatization, collection to store in better

conditions (D12).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesNone.

Bilateral, Multilateral or Regional Agreements

- Bilateral Agreement with The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, effective from 07.09.2000 to 07.09.2005 on the management of all types of waste; and

- Bilateral Agreement with Germany, effective from 13.10.1992 to 13.10.2002 on environmental issues.

Technical Assistance and Training Available

Some of the available sources are:

National Environmental Agency (Ministry of Environment); Ministry of Agriculture and Food (Soil Institution); Ministry of Public Economy and Privatization (Institutions under its dependence); Ministry of Health; and Albanian Geological Service.

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ANDORRA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 23.07.1999 (a)Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 23.07.1999


Ministeri d’Agricultura i Medi AmbientCarrer Prat de la Creu, 62-64Andorra la Vellatel: (376) 875-707fax: (376)869-833e-mail: [email protected]

Same as the Competent Authority

National Definition

There is no definition of waste specifically related to the transboundary movements of waste. However, the following points can be highlighted:

a) The current definition of solid wasteThe legislation that provides a definition of waste is the Law on Solid Wastes of the 31/07/1985, which defines solid waste in a somehow tautological way. Article 3 defines solid waste as “those (wastes) resulting from public, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, and which are not in gaseous or liquid form.” Definition is followed by a non-exhaustive and a broad list of substances that covers urban solid wastes, industrial wastes and agricultural wastes.

b) The direct integration of international treaties in the national legislative framework

According to article 3.3 of the Constitution, “treaties and international agreements take effect in the legal system from the moment of their publication in the Butlletí Oficial del Principat d’Andorra and cannot be amended or repealed by the law.” Therefore, it means that, in the absence of a definition covering all types of wastes, the definition in the Basel Convention is in force in Andorra.

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c) The draft Law on Wastes (Will be in force in 2002)The Department of the Environment is currently finalizing the draft of the future Law on Waste, which will be a framework law defining the legal regime of wastes in Andorra. As currently drafted, it defines Waste as “ any substance or object whose possessor abandons, has the intention to abandon, or has the obligation to abandon. In any case, due account will be taken of those wastes that are included in the European Catalogue of Wastes and in the Annex I of the Basel Convention.”

d) the Agreement between Andorra and Spain concerning the transboundary movements of wastesArticle 2 defines which wastes are subject to the agreement and these wastes are: Wastes included in Annex II of the European Council Regulation 259/93/CEE, of 01/02/1993 amended by the Decision of the European Commission 98/368/CEE, dated 18/05/1998; Wastes included in Annex III of the European Council Regulation 259/93/CEE, of 01/02/1993 amended by the Decision of the European Commission 98/368/CEE, dated 18/05/1998; Expired and non-expired medicines; Construction wastes; Frigidaires; and Killed animals for sanitary reasons or dead by natural causes.

Article 3 states that, on the Spanish side, all imports of waste will be realized in complete conformity with the European Union rules defined in the Regulation 259/93/CEE.

The 1985 Law on Waste does not define hazardous waste at all, and less for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste, which are not regulated. However, the draft bill defines hazardous waste in its article 4 as “Wastes that have been qualified as such by international and/or European norms, and always in conformity with the Annex I of the Basel Convention”. It should be noted that the definition of hazardous waste of the Basel Convention is in force in Andorra.

Andorra does not possess yet a detailed regulation regarding hazardous wastes, whether those are included in the Basel Regime or not. Nonetheless, in coordination with the International Atomic Energy Agency and European authorities that control thoroughly the movements of nuclear substances, Andorra has a practical system of control of imports and exports of nuclear substances. There is also a system of registration and control, for the purposes of commerce, of the quantities of chemical products that enter and leave the country.

Wastes resulting from the construction activities require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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Restrictions on Transboundary Movement

Amendment to the Basel ConventionAndorra has accepted the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposalAndorra has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal.

There is no legislation restricting the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal, although the provisions of the Basel Convention are effective, and therefore Andorra is bounded by the principles defined in the treaty. Moreover, once adopted, the future law on wastes will incorporate the philosophy and standards of the Convention. It means that the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes will only be conducted whenever Andorra has not the capacity to dispose them in an ecologically sound way.

Restriction on export for recoveryAndorra has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Given the size and the resources of the Principality of Andorra, the authorities will not be able to possess, according to reasonable criteria, the means to treat and recover all the hazardous wastes and other wastes the country generates. Therefore, and basing its exports on the principles of the Basel Convention (proximity, ecological sound management, reduction), Andorra will probably not restrict the export of wastes that it cannot treat or recover itself.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryAndorra restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the article 24.2 of the future law on wastes. In the draft law, so far, there is no differentiation of wastes for recovery and wastes for final disposal. If no changes are made in the draft law, the import of any kinds of waste will be prohibited in Andorra. This restriction covers all countries.

Restrictions on transitAndorra restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. Nevertheless, there is no specific legislation.


National strategies/policiesThe National Waste Plan (2000), which came into force in 2001, defines the government policy in the field of solid wastes. A very precise diagnostic has been done, and on that basis, recovery objectives have been fixed. The plan also foresees all the basic and essential facilities that must exist in the country. The National Waste Plan must be reviewed every 5 years.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAndorra is currently drafting the Solid Waste Law, which will create a system that works with authorized managers, and which includes the liability

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for the generator of wastes.


Disposal facilitiesLandfill of Juberri; Landfill of Maià; Landfill of Encodina; Landfill of Tunels de la Massana; and Incineration Plant of the Comella.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesCentre d’emmagatzematge de la Comella, centre to accumulate material before being exported to other countries for recycling (R3).


Bilateral agreement with Spain, effective from 27 January 2000 to 27 January 2004.


Department of environment, same address as the Competent Authority.

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ARGENTINA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 27.06.1991 (r)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Secretaría de Desarrollo Sustentable y Política Ambiental

Subsecretaría de Ordenamiento y Política AmbientalDirección Nacional de Ordenamiento

AmbientalDirector Nacional Dr. Miguel Angel CraviottoSan Martín 459 - (1004) - Buenos Airestel: (54-11) 4348-8425fax: (54-11) 4348-8404e-mail: [email protected] site: www.medioambiente.gov.ar

Ministerio de Relationes Exteriores, Comercio Internacional y Culto

Direccion General de Asuntos AmbientalesEsmeralda 1212 – (1007) Buenos Airestel: (54-11) 4819-7414fax: (54-11) 4819-7413e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

The national definition of “waste” of Argentina is same as the Basel definition of waste (National Law 23922 – Basel Convention ratification).

“Hazardous Waste” is any waste that belongs to any category contained in annex I of the Basel Convention “or” any waste that possess any of the characteristic listed in annex III of the Basel Convention. (National Law No. 24051 of Hazardous Wastes).

Argentina does not control the categories of wastes listed in annex II of the Basel Convention yet, but it is working on a project to control “universal” or household wastes with a hazardous characteristic listed in Annex III of the Basel Convention.

Radioactive wastes and those ones derived from the normal operations of a ship are excluded from the scope of National Law of Hazardous Wastes because they are ruled by other regulations and international instruments.

Argentina regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These

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wastes are: Any waste possessing any of the characteristics contained in Annex III to the Basel Convention.

Used tyres require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement. There is an import ban on used tyres, asbestos (import ban for amphiboles), PCBs (in any application), and soft PVC toys.

Data* on the Generation and Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes** and Other Wastes*** in 2000 (as reported)

Quantities (in metric tonnes)

Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No data Total amount of other wastes generated No data


Total amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes

exported603


importedNo data

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionArgentina is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryArgentina has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on transit, import for final disposal and for recoveryArgentina has an import ban for those wastes defined as hazardous according to the National Law of Hazardous Wastes (National Law 24051. Entry into force 1991). Decree of Import of Wastes 181 (Entry in force 1992). The entry of hazardous wastes and radioactive wastes into national territory is forbidden by National Constitution (Entry into force in 1994). This restriction covers all countries and wastes covered by National Legislation. (Please note that national territory encloses 12 miles of Argentine sea.)

Reduction National strategies/policiesHazardous Waste generators have to present a plan to reduce the generation

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and/or Elimination of Hazardous Waste Generation

of hazardous wastes by means of change of technology; segregation of streams; and recycling, when it is possible, in an environmentally sound manner.

The Environmental Authority (Competent Authority), has designed a National Plan of Reduction and Elimination of PCBs, which is under appliance.

Additional Plans of Elimination (other POPs and PTS, such as mercury compounds and articles such as batteries) are under preparation.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNational Law 24.051 - Decree 831/93.

Economic instruments/ initiativesEnvironmental tax for generators, transporters of hazardous wastes and hazardous waste treatment plants. This tax is decreased in accordance with reduction of the generation of hazardous waste.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIndustries are making efforts to replace the electrical devices with PCB and to eliminate them.

OthersEstablishment of a Sub-Regional Center for Training and Technology Transfer in Buenos Aires.


National strategies/policiesArgentina has a number of treatment plants. But there are no licensed disposal facilities for specific waste such as PCBs or high organochloride substances due to lack of capacity for the control of dioxins and furans.

Training courses are given to the different provinces of the country to develop treatment capacity so as to dispose wastes near their place of generation. Provincial or territorial approval is required to operate a treatment plant.

For regulation of waste management there are:- A legal tool, Law No. 24.051, regulated by Executive Decree No. 831/93

that rules the “generation, handling and treatment of hazardous waste”.- A workable tool, Register of generators and operators of hazardous waste.

With the intention of exercising due control over hazardous waste the enforcement authority requires mandatory registration of all those parties that generate, handle, carry, treat or dispose hazardous waste.

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Two documents are used to exercise the control:- Environmental Annual Certificate: After all the legal and technical

requirements that ensure an environmental sound management of the hazardous waste are fulfilled, the concerned parties receive this certificate. Industries, carriers, treatment and disposal plants and any other activity that generates or operates with hazardous wastes must have the necessary authorization. The company which carries on a movement of hazardous wastes also needs this certificate for operating.

- Manifest: It is the document that records the origin of the waste, and its transfer from the generation site to the final disposal plant (from cradle to the grave).

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Law No. 24051, regulated by Executive Decree No. 831/93 that rules the

“generation, handling and treatment of hazardous waste”;- Law No. 23922, ratification of the Basel Convention (1992); and- Provincial legislations.

Information can be obtained from: www.medioambiente.gov.ar

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsThe application of International Management Systems.


Disposal facilitiesSome of the available facilities are:- Borg Austral SA, Secondary Net 014-04 Rute 9, to Capilla del Señor.

Buenos Aires, treatment of inorganic wastes by stabilization – solidification, oxidation and reduction. Categories: Y2, Y6, Y8, Y9, Y11 to Y13, Y16, Y17, Y19 to Y32, Y34 to Y36, for D9 operations;

- Borg Austral SA, Secondary Net 014-04 Rute 9, to Capilla del Señor. Buenos Aires, final disposal in hazardous waste landfill. Categories: Y2, Y4, Y6, Y8, Y9, Y11 to Y13, Y16 to Y18, Y20 toY32, Y34 to Y36, for D1 operations;

- Borg Austral SA, Av. de los Constituyentes 4425, Ricardo Rojas, Tigre. Buenos Aires, treatment of inorganic wastes by stabilization – solidification, oxidation and reduction. Categories: Y2, Y6, Y8, Y9, Y11 to Y13, Y16, Y17, Y19 to Y32, Y34 to Y36, for D9 operations;

- Borg Austral SA, Av. de los Constituyentes 4425, Ricardo Rojas, Tigre. Buenos Aires, incineration treatment. Categories: Y2 to Y6, Y8, Y9, Y11, Y12, Y16, Y18, Y37 to Y42, Y45, for D10 operations; and

- IDM SA, Ruta 7 s/n (2200)-San Lorenzo-Santa Fé, incineration treatment. Categories: Y2 to Y9, Y11 to Y13, Y16 to Y18, Y37 to Y42, for D10 operations.

There are several facilities in the country. A complete list can be obtained from: www.medioambiente.gov.ar (Dirección Nacional de Ordenamiento Ambiental - Unidad Registro).

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http://www.medioambiente.gov.ar/

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSome of the available facilities are:- LUBRISIDER S. A., used mineral oil re-refining. Mineral oils from

transformers, for R9 operations;- KIOSHI SA, used mineral oil re-refining. Mineral oils from transformers,

for R9 operations;- IDM SA, Ruta 7 s/n (2200)-San Lorenzo-Santa Fé, Ni-Cadmiun Batteries

recycling/reclamation of metals Y26, for R4 operations;- IDM SA, Ruta 7 s/n (2200)-San Lorenzo-Santa Fé, solvent

reclamation/regeneration Y6,Y42,Y41, for R2 operations; and- IDM SA, Ruta 7 s/n (2200)-San Lorenzo-Santa Fé, recycling/reclamation

of tonner cartridges Y12, for R3,R11 operations.

There are several facilities in the country. A complete list can be obtained from: www.medioambiente.gov.ar (Dirección Nacional de Ordenamiento Ambiental - Unidad Registro).


None.


The available sources are:- Basel Convention Regional Centre for South America, Instituto Nacional

de Tecnología Industrial (INTI), Av. De los Constituyentes (B1650KNA), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tel.: +5411 472 46 200/ ext. 6526; Fax: +5411 472 46 244/47 53 57 69;

- Secretaría de Desarrollo Sustentable y Política Ambiental, San Martín 459, Buenos Aires (1004), Argentina, 05411-4348-8425, e-mail:[email protected], www.medioambiente.gov.ar;

- Universidad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, 05411-4576-3361, e-mail: [email protected];

- INTI-Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz e/Albarellos y Avenida de los Constituyentes, 05411-4724-0587;

- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CNEA, Av. Del Libertador 8250, 05411-0704-1000;

- INA - Instituto Nacional del Agua y el Ambiente, Autop. Ezeiza Cañuelas km1620, Ezeiza, 05411-44480-9219/448.9225; and

- CITEFA Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de las FFAA, J. Zufriategui 4380-Villa Martelli, 05411-4709-0391.

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mailto:[email protected]




AUSTRALIA



Manager, Hazardous Waste SectionEnvironment Australia, GPO Box 787, Canberra ACT 2601tel: (61-2) 6274-1411fax: (61-2) 6274-1164e-mail: [email protected] site: www.ea.gov.au/industry/hwa/index.html


National Definition

Waste means a substance or object that is proposed to be disposed of; or is disposed of; or is required by a law of the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory to be disposed of. (Note: Disposed of has a meaning corresponding to the meaning of disposal. Disposal means an operation specified in Annex IV to the Basel Convention.)

Hazardous waste means waste prescribed by the regulations, where the waste has any of the characteristics mentioned in Annex III to the Basel Convention; or wastes that belong to any category contained in Annex I to the Basel Convention, unless they do not possess any of the characteristics contained in Annex III to that Convention; or household waste; or residues arising from the incineration of household waste. (Note: There is also an extended meaning of hazardous waste. The extended meaning relates to the following matters: a case where a foreign country has classified a particular substance or object as hazardous waste; a case where a foreign country has classified waste collected from households as hazardous waste; substances or objects subject to notification or control under Article 11 arrangements.)


In Australia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No dataTotal amount of other wastes generated No data



exported24 918


imported302



Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Australia.

Restrictions on export for final disposalAustralia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is Section 17 of the Hazardous Waste (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989. Section 18A also provides that the Minister must not grant a Basel export permit if the applicant proposes that the hazardous waste will be disposed of by a method that is within the scope of Section A of Annex IV to the Basel Convention, unless the Minister is satisfied that there are exceptional circumstances. In deciding whether there are exceptional circumstances the Minister must have regard to the following: - whether there will be significant risk of injury or damage to human beings

or the environment if the permit is not granted;- whether the waste is needed for research into improving the management

of hazardous waste; and- whether the waste is needed for testing for the purposes of improving the

management of hazardous waste.

The Minister also has discretion to decide not to grant a permit under the Act if there is reason to believe that the hazardous waste could be disposed of safely, efficiently and in an environmentally sound manner at a facility in Australia.

Entry into force: 12 December 1996.

The restriction covers all countries and regions and all hazardous wastes.Restriction on export for recovery

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Australia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is Section 17 of the Hazardous Waste (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989. Entry into force: 12 December 1996. The restriction covers all countries and regions and all hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryAustralia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is Section 17 of the Hazardous Waste (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989. Entry into force: 12 December 1996. The restriction covers all countries and regions and all hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on transitAustralia restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is Section 17A of the Hazardous Waste (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989. Entry into force: 12 December 1996. The restriction covers all countries and regions and all hazardous wastes.


National strategies/policiesThe eight Australian States and Territories have economic measures/initiatives in place to reduce and/or eliminate the generation of hazardous wastes and other wastes.

The Sustainable Industries Branch of Environment Australia works with industry to reduce pollution through national cleaner production projects designed to encourage cleaner production in business and industry. It has developed and maintains EnviroNET Australia, a network of databases on the Internet providing information on Australia’s environment management technologies and expertise. This includes the Australian Waste Database (AWD) which has been developed in response to the need to provide a monitoring mechanism for Commonwealth and State waste minimisation policies. The AWD provides an overview of the waste management scenario in various regions of Australia.


The measures taken for reduction of the amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes subject to the transboundary movement are same as the measures taken for reduction and/or elimination of hazardous waste generation.

Disposal/ A complete list could be obtained from the following web sites:15

Recovery Facilities http://www.ea.gov.au/

http://www.environment.act.gov.au/ie4/http://www.search.nsw.gov.au/environment.asphttp://www.nt.gov.au/ntg/environment.shtmlhttp://www.env.qld.gov.au/environment/environment/legislation/epa.htmlhttp://www.sa.gov.au/environment/protection/http://www.service.tas.gov.au/Nav/Topic.asp?Topic=Environment%2C+land+and+waterhttp://www.vic.gov.au/subindex.cfm?link_ID=14http://www.environ.wa.gov.au/


OECD Council Decision C(92)39/FINAL concerning the control of transfrontier movements of wastes destined for recovery operations (multilateral), effective from 30 March 1992.

Convention to Ban the Importation into Forum Island Countries of Hazardous and Radioactive Wastes and to Control the Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within the South Pacific Region (Waigani Convention) (regional). Australia signed the convention on 16 September 1995 and deposited its instrument of ratification on 17 August 1998. In force from 25 October 2001.

Australia concluded a bilateral arrangement with the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) on 2 January 2001. The scope of application is to import hazardous wastes from East Timor for disposal in Australia. It ceased on 20 May 2002 when East Timor became an independent nation.


A complete list could be obtained from the following web sites:

http://www.ea.gov.au/http://www.environment.act.gov.au/ie4/http://www.search.nsw.gov.au/environment.asphttp://www.nt.gov.au/ntg/environment.shtmlhttp://www.env.qld.gov.au/environment/environment/legislation/epa.htmlhttp://www.sa.gov.au/environment/protection/http://www.service.tas.gov.au/Nav/Topic.asp?Topic=Environment%2C+land+and+waterhttp://www.vic.gov.au/subindex.cfm?link_ID=14http://www.environ.wa.gov.au/

16

http://www.environ.wa.gov.au/

http://www.sa.gov.au/environment/protection/

http://www.environment.act.gov.au/ie4/

http://www.environ.wa.gov.au/

http://www.sa.gov.au/environment/protection/

http://www.environment.act.gov.au/ie4/


AUSTRIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 12.01.1993 (r)Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 17.10.1999


Federal Ministry of Environment, Youth and Family AffairsDepartment VI/1A-1010, Stubenbastei 5, Viennatel: (43-1) 51522-3513fax: (43-1) 51522-7502 or 3003e-mail: [email protected]

Federal Ministry of Environment, Youth and Family Affairs

Department VI/1A-1010, Stubenbastei 5, Viennatel: (43-1) 51522-3523fax: (43-1) 51522-3003e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

Definition of waste is in line with EU Regulation 74/442/EEC (Article 1). For the purposes of this Directive: (a) "waste" means any substance or object which the holder disposes of or is required to dispose of pursuant to the provisions of national law in force; (1)OJ No C 32, 11.2.1975, p. 36. (2)OJ No C 16, 23.1.1975, p. 12. (3)OJ No C 112, 20.12.1973, p. 3.

The definition of hazardous waste is laid down in Annex I of the Ordinance on Hazardous Wastes (Fed. Law Gaz. II 1997/227, as amended by Fed. Law Gaz. II 2000/178). The text can be obtained via Internet: http://lebensministerium.at using the links: “umwelt”, “abfall”, “abfallrecht”, “verordnungen”.

Any waste not listed in Annex II of the EU Regulation 259/93/EC is subject to a control procedure in case of transboundary movements destined for recycling (text available via Internet: http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/lif/dat/1993/en_393R0259.html). Any waste is subject to a control procedure in case of transboundary movements destined for final disposal.

The shipment of any waste not listed in Annex II of the EU Regulation 259/93/EC is subject to a notification procedure.

17

http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/lif/dat/1993/en_393R0259.html



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 980 558 1)

Total amount of other wastes generated 179 294 2)



exported113 813


imported27 717

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to the total amount of residues arising from the incineration of household wastes

(Y47).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe ban is implemented via EU-Legislation (Shipment Regulation 259/93/EC as amended by OJ L 022 24.01.1997 p.14 and OJ L 316 10.12.1999 p.45; Article 16).

Austria ratified the two amendments to the Basel Convention (III/1 and IV/9) in 1999 (Fed. Law Gaz.III 2000/6). The amendments became effective October 26th 1999.

Restrictions on export for final disposalAustria restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Federal Waste Management Plan 1998, which statutes the principle of self sufficiency for final disposal. Based on this principles objections are raised in case of exports for final disposal provided there is a suitable disposal option in Austria. (30 June 1998). In line with the EU Regulation 259/93/EC final disposal is allowed only within the European Economic Area (EEA). This restriction covers all non-EEA member countries.

Restriction on export for recoveryAustria restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The export of hazardous wastes in accordance with Council Decision 94/904/EC and of wastes listed in Annex V of the Shipment Regulation (295(93/EC) for recycling is allowed only to Countries applying OECD Council Decision C92(39) FINAL (amendment of the Shipment Regulation OJ L 022 24.01.1997 p.14 and OJ L 316 10.12.1999 p.45). This

18

restriction covers all countries not applying the OECD Council Decision C92(39) FINAL.

Restrictions on import for final disposalAustria restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Federal Waste Management Plan 1998, which statutes the principle of self sufficiency for final disposal. Based on this principles objections can be raised in case of imports for final disposal provided there is no sufficient capacity for domestic wastes in Austria. (30 June 1998).

Restrictions on import for recoveryAustria has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.


National strategies/policiesNo new measures taken in 1999 and onwards.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNo new measures taken in 1999 and onwards.

Economic instruments/ initiativesNo new measures taken in 1999 and onwards.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsNot available.

OthersNot available.


National strategies/policiesThe Federal Waste Management Plan 1998 statutes the principle of self sufficiency for final disposal. Based on this principles objections are raised in case of exports for final disposal provided there is a suitable disposal option in Austria. (30. June 1998).

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesSame as above.

Economic instruments/ initiativesNot available.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsNot available.

OthersNot available.

19


A list could be obtained from:- Federal Environment Agency, A-1090 Spittelauer Lände 5, Vienna.

Or on the Internet:- http://www.ubavie.gv.at/umweltsituation/abfall/gabfall/toc.htm (where a

register of all licensed disposer can be found); and- http://www.ubavie.gv.at/umweltregister/abfallwirt_anlagendb/toc.htm

(where a data base of the existing disposal facilities is available).


No new agreements concluded in 1999 and onwards.


Information could be obtained from:- Federal Environment Agency, A-1090 Spittelauer Lände 5, Vienna

Or via the Internet:- http://www.ubavie.gv.at/umweltsituation/abfall/wegweiser/toc.htm

20


BAHRAIN



Environmental AffairsGeneral Commission for the Protection

of Marines Resources, Environment & WildlifeP.O. Box 32657 – Isa Towntel: (973) 87-4290 / 87-4165fax: (973) 78-4934 / 78-6102e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

The definition of “waste” is in accordance with the Basel Convention.

“Hazardous waste” is any waste containing significant quantities of a substance which may present danger to the life or health of living organisms when released in the environment or to the safety of humans or equipment in disposal when incorrectly handled. Hazardous properties include toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic characteristics, as well as flammability, chemical reactivity or other biologically damaging properties (including radioactivity).


In Bahrain there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

21




Total amount of other wastes generated 234 187Transboundary Movement


exported978 2)


importedNo data

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a exported.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionBahrain is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposalBahrain is in a preparatory process to restrict the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal.

Restriction on export for recoveryBahrain has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transit and import for final disposal and for recoveryBahrain is in a preparatory process to restrict transit and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.


National strategies/policies- Environmental Affairs (EA) is approaching international agencies and

organizations to assist in minimizing the quantity of industrial / hazardous wastes generated in the country. Many meetings have been held with the major industries to chalk out practical and achievable plans and programs for waste minimization utilizing efficient and environmental friendly processes, methodologies and equipments;

- EA is operating a dedicated industrial landfill site and looking after to establish state-of-the-art hazardous waste treatment facilities: and

- A new incineration system for treating the generated healthcare wastes (i.e. clinical, pharmaceutical, infectious anatomical and chemical wastes) has been commissioned and is operating since April, 2002 which is considered as a major milestone in environmental protection and part of

22

national strategy to reduce and treat the hazardous wastes in the country.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- “Healthcare Waste Management Standards”: Ministerial Order No.1 of

2001 has been issued highlighting the collection, transportation, storage, transfer, treatment and disposal of hazardous healthcare waste generated in Kingdom of Bahrain. The emissions from healthcare treatment facilities are also streamlined as well the management and disposal of effluent and solid waste residues. - Article 5 stated : The waste producer shall seek to reduce the

generation levels of such waste in quantity and quality through developing the appliances and equipment used, adopt and use a clean technology, select the alternatives and raw materials that cause less damage to the environment and public health;

- “Industrial Waste Management Standards”: The draft standards for collection, storage, handling, transportation, transfer, treatment, disposal, recycling and reuse have been prepared and discussed with the industries. The standards will soon be finalized and enforced in the country; and

- “Used Oil Management Standards”: The draft standards for management of used oil has been prepared highlighting the collection, storage, handling, treatment, disposal, recycling and reuse of oil and related products. The standards will soon be finalized and enforced in the country.

Economic instruments/ initiativesNone.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsSeveral industrial companies have adopted and are certified by ISO 14000 standards, such as Aluminum Bahrain (ALBA), Gulf Petrochemical Industries (GPIC), Midal Cables etc., in addition to implementation of environment management system strategy.

OthersOngoing projects on cleaner production, recycling, reduction of hazardous waste and elimination of hazardous waste.


National strategies/policies- Advocating for adoption of cleaner production by the new industrial

projects;- Minimizing the generation of hazardous wastes through the modification

of industrial processes of the existing industries;- Environmental impact assessment by the EA. No permission is given to

the new industries during this stage until they take provision to reduce the anticipated hazardous wastes; and

- A new industrial landfill site has been operating since February, 2001 to accommodate the industrial hazardous and semi-hazardous wastes being generated in the country with a capacity of 746 000 M3.

23

Legislation, regulations and guidelines“Industrial Waste Management Standards” & “Used Oil Management Standards”: The draft standards for collection, storage, handling, transportation, transfer, treatment, disposal, recycling and transboundary movements have been prepared and discussed with the industries. The same will be soon issued, finalized and enforced in the kingdom of Bahrain.


Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsAll industrial establishments are required to prepare and submit a quarterly environmental compliance report to the EA indicating the industrial effluents and air emission detailed analysis, waste management –waste generated, treatment, disposal and exportation- at the company.

OthersNone.


Disposal facilitiesEnvironmental Affairs, General Commission For the Protection of Marine Resources, Environment & Wildlife manages Hafira Industrial Landfill Site for Industrial hazardous and semi-hazardous wastes, for Dl operations.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Bahrain Recycling Plant, Askar - P.O. Box: 26390, Aluminum dross

recycling, for R4 operations;- AluServ Middle East W.L.L., Manama - P.O. Box: 519, Aluminum dross

recycling, for R4 operations;- Bahrain Scrapmould, Manama - P.O.Box : 1208, Recovery of Aluminum

and metals scrap, for R4 operations;- Crown Industries & Crown Metals, Manama - P.O. Box: 11101, Recovery

of Aluminum and metals scrap, for R4 operations; and- Falcon Factory, Recovery of waste paper.


Regional agreement with the Regional Organization for the protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME), effective from July 2001, on the Control of Marine Transboundary Movement and Disposal of Hazardous Waste and other Wastes.


The available sources are Environmental Affairs, General Commission for the Protection of Marine Resources, Environment & Wildlife and University of Bahrain.

24


BARBADOS



Chief Environmental EngineerJemmots Lane, St. Michaeltel: (1-246) 436-4820fax: (1-246) 228-7103e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

There is no national definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Barbados.


In Barbados there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 9.14 1)

Total amount of other wastes generated 2)



exported9.14 3)


importedNo import


1) Figures refer to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45). In addition, 15 279 Litres of hazardous wastes were generated.2) Amount provided as: 1 034 Litres.

26

3) In addition, 5 872 Litres of Y6, 200 Litres of Y9, 2 207 Litres of Y34 and 1 034 Litres of Manganous Nitrate solution were exported.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Barbados.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryBarbados has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryBarbados restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. As signatories to the Basel Convention, the restrictions are taken as those found in Article 4 (General Obligations) of the Basel Convention. No facility exists for the storage and/or disposal of hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on transitBarbados restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesA Policy Paper for Chemical Management, including education, is being prepared.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesA Chemical and Hazardous Waste Control Act is being prepared.


None.


None.


None.

27


Some of the available sources are: - Barbados National Standards Institute, Culloden Rd, St. Michael, Tel: (1-

246) 426-3870;- GAS – Analytical Services Laboratory, Culloden Rd, St. Michael, Tel: (1-

246) 426-0681;- The University of West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Cave Hill, St. Michael,

Tel: (1-246) 417-4000;- Environmental Engineering Division, Jemmotts Lane, St. Michael, Tel:

(1-246) 436-4820; and- Customs and Excise Department, Port Authority Building, University

Row, St. Michael, Tel: (1-246) 430-2300.

A complete list could be obtained from the Competent Authority.

28


BELARUS



Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Belarus10 Kollektornaya Str., Minsk 220 049tel: (375-172) 20-6691/20-7261/20-5571fax: (375-172) 20-5583e-mail: [email protected] site: www.president.gov.by/Minpriroda


National Definition

Wastes are substances or goods produced in the process of economic activity or life of man that do not have any certain application at site of their generation or that have lost totally or partially their consumer properties due to physical or moral obsolescence.

Hazardous wastes are wastes that contain as their constitutes substances possessing any hazardous property or they set (toxicity, infectious, explosivity, high reaction ability and (or) other similar properties) and existing in such amounts and in such form that this waste independently or in contact with other substances can represent immediate or potential threat to environment, people health and (or) to people property including that caused by their adverse impact on environment.

Appendix 1 to the Resolution of State Custom Committee “On Improvement of Custom Control over Waste Movement through Custom Border of the Republic of Belarus” (of 12.03.1999 N 134-OD) provides a “List of Industrial and Consumption Wastes, which can not be processed or used in the Republic of Belarus”; Appendix 2 to the Resolution of State Custom Committee “On Improvement of Custom Control over Waste Movement through Custom Border of the Republic of Belarus” (of 12.03.1999 N 134-OD) provides a “List of Industrial and Consumption Wastes, which can be processed or used in the Republic of Belarus, permits for their import (transit) are given by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection”. (Appendix 1 and 2 are annexed to this CFS)

In Belarus there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when

29


subjected to transboundary movement.




Total amount of other wastes generated 2 464 000 2)



exportedNo export


imported290 366 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b. Data

collection on generation of hazardous wastes according to categories of the Basel Convention will be introduced from next year.

2) Figure refers to the total amount of household wastes (Y46).3) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b imported.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Belarus.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryBelarus is in a preparatory process to restrict the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalBelarus restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Waste Law, in force from 1 January, 2001, which states that “Transboundary Movement of waste to the Republic of Belarus with the purpose of their storage and (or) neutralization (landfilling, burning etc.) is prohibited”. This restriction covers all country.

Restrictions on import for recoveryBelarus restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Waste Law, in force from 1 January, 2001, which states that “Transboundary Movement of waste to the Republic of Belarus is allowed only with the purpose of their usage as raw materials or secondary materials and is executed only on the basis of a preliminary obtained permit for transboundary movement of waste to the Republic of Belarus issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Belarus”.

30

Restrictions on transitBelarus restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Waste Law, in force from 1 January, 2001, which states that “Transboundary Movement of waste through Republic of Belarus is executed only on the basis of a preliminary obtained permit for transboundary movement of waste through the Republic of Belarus issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Belarus”.


National strategies/policiesNational Action Plan on Rational Use of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection in the Republic of Belarus for 2001-2005 years, adopted 21.06.2001.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Law on Waste, in force from 2001;- Decision of the Government on State Register of Technologies for Waste

Recycling and on State Register of Facilities for Waste Neutralization and Disposal;

- Decision of the Government on Adoption of Regulation on Order in Approval of Limits for Waste Disposal;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Rules for Development, Agreement and Approval of Instruction for Management of Industrial Waste;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Instructions on Procedure for Registration of Transactions for Alienation and Assignation (except transportation) of Waste to Another Person for a certain period of time;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Rules for Issuing, Suspension, Cancellation of Permits for Disposal of Industrial Waste;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Classifier Waste Generated in the Republic of Belarus;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Rules for Accounting of Waste;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Form of Special Document for Accompanying of Transportation of Waste;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Rules for Norm-Setting Generation of Industrial Waste;

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of List of Waste that shall have Passports; and

- Decision of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection on Adoption of Order on Determination of Level of Hazard of Waste and Establishing the Class of Hazard.

31

Economic instruments/ initiativesEconomic Mechanism in the field of waste management includes the following elements: economic incentives, fee-paying waste disposal and lending.

Economic incentives are made by exemption from taxes, for example, exemption from tax on profit received from selling of secondary raw materials. Disposal of waste is chargeable. The rate of the charge is set at differential basis depending on the level of toxity of waste. What is more, the rate of the charge for disposal of waste beyond limits established by local authorities is five times increased.

Lending is realized by giving grants from budget environmental fund. Grants are given for introduction of cleaner technologies, scientific research and development works on creating new types of environment oriented technique.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsThe generators of waste shall develop the norms for waste generation and get agreement on them from territorial bodies of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection. The waste generation norms help with operational quantitative control on waste generation and are used for development of waste disposal limits.




Disposal facilitiesComplex on processing and landfilling of toxic and industrial waste of Gomel Region, landfilling (D1).


Multilateral agreement on Unified Terms of Transit through the Territories of States-Members of the Custom Union (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Kyrgyzstan), effective from 22.01.1998. Lists of waste are developed on the basis of the Basel Convention lists.

Multilateral agreement on the Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous and other Waste between the members of the Community of Independent States, effective from 1996. The Agreement was developed on the basis of the Basel Convention.

32


None.

33

Appendix 1 to the Resolution ofState Custom Committee "On

Improvement of Custom Control over Waste Movement through

Custom Border of the Republic of Belarus ;

(of 12.03.1999 N 134-OD)

Listof Industrial and Consumption Wastes, which can not be processed or used in the Republic of

Belarus

Code of the Kind of Waste According to Commodity Classification for Foreign Activity (CC FEA)

Kind of Waste Code of the Waste according to the Basel Convention Classification

from 2524 00 Asbestos waste and dust Y36from 262099from 2620 99from 2620 99 - slime with thorium content from thoriated tungsten

article productionGalvanic Slimes

from 262099 100 - with nickel content from 2620 30 000 - with copper content Y22from 262019 000 -with zinc content Y23from 26 20 99 700 - with cobalt contentfrom 2620 91 000 -with cadmium content Y26from 2920 29 000from 2620 99 100from 2620 91 000

Slime of lead hydroxide, nickel, cadmium Y31.Y26

from 2620 Waste containing compounds of: cadmium, nickel, chromium, tin, lead, vanadium, copper, other heavy metals.

Y26, Y21, Y31, Y22

from 271390 Acid resin, acid tarfrom 271390 Acid residual tar from oil refinement with sulphuric

acid and resin sulphurized compoundsY11

from 271390 Acid residual tar from sulfate production (white oils sulphurization) with sulphuric acid and heavy organic sulfate content

Y 11

from 2713 90 Acid residual tar from aromatic hydrocarbon refinement with sulphuric acid, aromatic compounds and sulphuric acid content

Y 11

from 2713 90 Acid residual tar from paraffin refinement with Y 1134

sulphuric acid and organic compounds contentfrom 2713 90 Acid fumigating resin of the sulfate section of the

benzene rectification shop of the by-product-coking production

Y 11

Slimes of coke and gas plants:from 2706 00 000 - Gumlike fuses (shale processing wastes) with

phenol content, Y39

from 2706 00 000 - Preservative timber production and use waste Y5From 2710 Burn mineral oil waste Y8

Useless chemical substances, produced in the course of R and D or in the educational process, whose nature has not yet been revealed and /or which are novel, whose effect on man and environment is yet unknown

Y14

from 2804 80 000 from 2804 80 000 from 2804 80 000

Hard mineral waste with detrimental impurities, specific for the given production: cake arsenious from copper production, cake arsenious -potassium from tin producti on, arsenate and calcium waste from lead production.

from 2837 Galvanic slime with cyanide con tentfrom 2819 - Galvanic slime with chromium content

(compounds of hexavalent, chromium)from 2814 20 000 from 38 25 50 000

Ammonium solutions for copper pickling (waste) Y22

from 2806 10 000 from 3825 50 000

Acids and acid mixtures with impurities specific for the given production: Waste, pickle solutions of rolling and hardware shops

Y34

from 2815 20 Alkalines and alkaline mixtures with impurities, specific for the given production (pickling, cleaning, etc.)

Y35

from 2850 00 Sorbents with arsine and phosphine impurities Y24from 2844 30 550 Thorium waste in chemical-metallurgical productionfrom 291539 Aluminium chloride waste with acetophenol

impurityY15

From 2902 Residue of acid resin processing Y11 RA|from 2912 Slimes of coke and gas plants:From 2932 19 000 Polychlorinated dibenzofuran and other related

compounds Y43 RCI

From 2934 99 Polychlorinated dibenzodioxine (dioxine) and other related compounds

Y44

from 2903 Waste of fluorine organic compounds in hydrogen bromide acid production

Y45

From 2903 69from 340490from 3824 90 990

Polychlorinated biphenyls, terphenyls, polybromated biphenyls, liquids, or solvents contaminated by them, and also agents and articles contained them (in concentration 50 mg/kg and

Y10

35

more )From 2903 Waste of chlorine organic acid production Y45From 2903 Highly resinous wood of bromine organic synthesis Y45From 2912 Highly resinous wood of phthalic anhydrite

production Y12

from 2930 from 3825

Pharmaceuticals production and use waste Y2

From 2902 from 2903 from 2905-2909

Waste of organic solvents production and use

From 3808 Agents for fumigation and protection of plants from pests and blights (obsolete)

Y45

From 3808 Production of agents for fumigation and protection of plants from pests and blights wastes

Y45

From 3811 11 100 from 262021 000

Slimes contained tetraethyl lead (antidetonant additives)

Y31 RCC

from 701990 Glass fibre waste, similar to asbestos in its 'physical and chemical characteristics

from 8104 90 000 from 8108 90 900 from 8112 40 900

Other dust containing non-ferrous metals : magnesium dust, titanium dust , vanadium dust Magnium

from 8539 Mercury lamp and luminescent tube waste Y29

From 901831 from 901832 from 7017from 560110from 3825 30 000

Medical waste , produced from the medical treatment of patients at medical institutions (hospitals, polyclinics and other similar institutions )

Y1

36

Appendix 2 to the Resolution of State Custom Committee "On

Improvement of Custom Control over Waste Movement through

Custom Border of the Republic of Belarus ;

(of 12.03.1999 N 134-OD)List

of Industrial and Consumption Wastes, which can be processed or used in the Republic of Belarus, permits for their import (transit)

are given by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection

Code of the Kind of Waste According to Commodity Classification for Foreign Activity (CC FEA)

Kind of Waste Code of the Waste according to the Basel Convention Classification

from 0501000000 Human hair wastefrom 0502 Bristle wastefrom 0503000000 Horse hair wastefrom 0505900000 Bird feathers wastefrom 0506900000 Animal bones and horns wastefrom 051191 Waste from fish and other sea

products processing152200 Degras; residues after processing of

fat substances or plant or animal waxes

from 2514000000 Shale wastes, roughly scraped or simply cut by sawing or in some other way

2525300000 Mica wastesfrom 2529300000 Leucite, nepheline, or nepheline

syenite wastefrom 2529100000 Feldspar Waste 2618000000 Slag pellets, produced in iron and

steel productionfrom 261900 Cupola slags from 261900 Electric furnace slags from 261900 Blast furnace slagsfrom 261900 Converter slagsfrom 261900 Other steel –smelting slags from 261900 Scull of steel – smelting production from 261900 Steel-casting slimes

37

from 261900 Rolling slimes from 261900 Casting slimes 2620110000 Hard zinc (zink-and-iron alloy) Y23from 2620190000 Zinc slags Y23from 2620190000 Zinc slime Y23from 2620290000 Take off lead from 2620290000 Lead ashes from 2620290000 from 2620210000

Lead slime

from 262099 Other metallic slimes from 2620400000 Taken off light metal dross containing

aluminum from 2620400000 Salt slags with aluminum contentfrom 2620999000 Boiler cleaning residues from 262099 Taken off light metal dross containing

magnesiumfrom 262099 Salt slags with magnesium contentfrom 262099 Magnesium oxide slimefrom 2621900000 Coal ashfrom 2621900000 Boiler slagsfrom 2621900000 Hard residues contained salt from

smoke-trapping ; Y • devices of unit heaters burning traditional fuel (without reagent gypsum)

from 2621900000 Fly ashes and unit heater dust Y18from 2621900000 Slags from melt electrolysisfrom 2621100000 Slags and ashes from waste burning

facilitiesfrom 2621100000 Fly ash and dust from waste burning

facilitiesfrom 2621900000 Pyrolysis unit slags and ashes Y11from 2621900000 Slag from the production of

chemically stabilized copper content a high iron (over 20%), processed according to industrial standards

from 2621900000 Neutralized red clay from alumina production

from 271390 Slimes of coke and gas plant from 2837 Slime from cyanide containing fixing

(quenching) bathsfrom 2805409000 Residues contained mercury: mercury

on graphite, mercury on activated coalfrom 280300 Activated (waste) coalfrom 2804 50 Waste containing tellurium Y28from 2804 800000 Waste containing arsenic Y24

38

from 2804 900000 Waste contained selenium Y25from 2811 220000 Hard silica wastes, except using in

casting productionfrom 2844 30 Thorium waste and scrapfrom 2904, from 2908 Organic chemicals, multiply nitrated Y15310320 Basic slag, formed in iron and steel

production, using for phosphate fertilizers and for other purposes

from 3601000000, from 3602000000

Waste of explosive substances Y15

from 3604 Pyrotechnical waste Y15from 3912 20 Cellulose processing wastes

(nitrocellulose)3915 Plastic waste and scrap, chopped

plastic:from 3915 100000 - of polyethylenefrom 3915 200000 - of polystyrene, polystyrene foamfrom 3915 300000 - of polyvinylchloride and of foam

plastic manufactured on its basisfrom 3915 90 - of celluloid, photo- and cinefilmfrom 3915 90 - of polyethylene-terephthalate filmfrom 3915 90 - of polyurethane, polyurethane

foamfrom 3915 90 - of polyamides, polycarbonatesfrom 3915 90 - of,

polyacrylates, acrylic resin

from 3915 90 - of polyvinylacetate from 3915 90 - of polyvinyl alcoholfrom 3915 90 - of polyolephinesfrom 3915 90 - of polypropylenefrom 3915 90 - of plastics contained fluorine Y 45from 3915 90 - of acrylonitrile copolymersfrom 3915 90 - of styrene copolymersfrom 3915 90 - of polybutileneterephthalatesfrom 3915 90 - of polyethylenesulphides

polysiloxalanes (silicons)from 3915 90 - of polymethylmetacrylatefrom 3915 90 - of polyvinylbutirene

from 3915 90 - of phenol-formaldehyde and melamine-phenolic resins

Y 13

from 3915 901100 - of epoxy resinsfrom 3915 90 - of urea-formaldehyde resinsfrom 3915 90 - of alkyd resins400400000 Rubber waste and cuttings

39

400400000 Other waste rubber technical articles

401220 Old tires, worn cutfrom 4013909000 tubes, tire casingsfrom 401700 Hard rubber waste and scrapfrom 4115200000 Slime from leather enterprises’

sewage water clearingfrom 4115200000 Raw fresh hidesfrom 4115200000 Split leather cuttingsfrom 4115200000 Cuttings from the edges of chromium-

plate and tanned semi , chrome chipsfinished items

5505 Artificial fibre waste:from 5505101000 - polyamide5505103000 - polyesterfrom 5505105000 - polyacril from 5505105000 - polyacrilic modified from 5505200000 - cellulosefrom 700100 Glass waste from the production of

lamps, picture tubes and other articles containing specific impurities

from 7802000000 Waste containing lead Y31from 7902000000 Waste containing zinc Y23from 8002000000 Waste containing tinfrom 8101970000 Waste containing tungstenfrom 8102970000 Waste containing molybdenumfrom 8103300000 Waste containing tantalumfrom 8104200000 Waste containing magnesiumfrom 8105300000 Waste containing cobaltfrom 8106001000 Waste containing bismuthfrom 8107300000 Waste containing cadmium Y26from 8108300000 Waste containing titaniumfrom 8109300000 Waste containing zirconiumfrom 8110200000 Antimonium waste Y27from 8111001900 Waste containing manganese8112130000 Beryllium waste and scrap Y208112220000 Waste containing chromium Y21from 8112304000 Germanium waste and scrapfrom 8112401900 Vanadium waste and scrapfrom 8112921000 Hafnium waste and scrapfrom 8112925000 Indium waste and scrapfrom 8112923900 Niobium waste and scrap8112520000 Thallium waste and scrap Y30

40

from 8908000000 Vessels and other floating constructions for separation, carefully emptied of their contents, and other materials formed in the process of the vessel's operation, which may be referred to the category of hazardous substances or waste

41


BELGIUM



Competent Authority for Transit

Ministerie van Volksgezondheid en Leefmilieu Dienst RisicobeheersingRAC – Pachecolaan 19 bus 5B - 1010 Brusselstel: (32-2) 210-4542fax: (32-2) 210-4873e-mail: [email protected]

OVAMAfdeling AfvalstoffenbeheerStationsstraat 1102800 Mechelentel: (32-15) 28-4310fax: (32-15) 41-3072e-mail: [email protected] site: www.ovam.be

Competent Authorities for Import and export

BrusselsInstitut Bruxellois pour la Gestion de l’Environnement (IBGE)

Gulledelle 100, 1200 Brusselstel: (32-2) 775-7511fax: (32-2) 775-7611web site: www.ibgebim.be

WalloniaDirection Générale des Ressources Naturelles et de l’EnvironnementAvenue Prince Liège 15, 5100 Jambestel: (32-81) 33-6552fax: (32-81) 33-6533

FlandersOVAM, Afdeling AfvalstoffenbeheerStationsstraat 110, 2800 Mechelentel: (32-15) 28-4312fax: (32-15) 43-2664e-mail: [email protected] site: www.ovam.be

42

http://www.ovam.be/


http://www.ovam.be/



National Definition

In Belgium the definition of waste and hazardous waste is in accordance with the European Law. With regard to transboundary movements of wastes the Council Regulation (EEC) N° 259/93 is applied.

In Belgium the provisions of the Council Regulation 259/93/EEC apply, especially referring to Annexes II, III, IV and V. Annexes III and IV (Amber and Red List) regulate also some wastes not include in art. 1 (1a) of the Basel Convention. There is also a list which specifies the wastes which are not controlled (Anne II = Green List). All wastes not included in the Annexes are controlled.

In Belgium there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exported848 727 1) & 3)


imported475 915 2) & 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported:

833 706 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b exported: 15 021 mt.2) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) imported:

475 440 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b imported: 475 mt.3) Figure excludes wastes without Y-code/List A-code (Annex I/Annex VIII of the Basel

Convention) and H-code (Annex III of the Basel Convention). Excluded export amount is 34 875 mt and excluded import amount is 65 766 mt.

43


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe Amendment was implemented by the Council Regulation Nr. 120/97 on the 20th January 1997.

Restrictions on export for final disposalBelgium restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. Belgium fulfils the Provision of the Council Regulation (EEC) 259/93 (09.02.1993): Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 of 1 February 1993 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community. The export of hazardous waste and other waste for final disposal to non-EU and EFTA countries is prohibited.

Restriction on export for recoveryBelgium restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. Belgium fulfils the Provision of the Council Regulation (EEC) 259/93 (09.02.1993): Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 of 1 February 1993 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community. With the amendment (Commission Decision 94/721/EC of 21 October 1994) all exports of hazardous and other waste for recovery listed in annex V are prohibited from EU-countries to non-OECD-countries.

Restrictions on import for final disposalBelgium restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. Belgium fulfils the Provisions of the Council Regulation (EEC) 259/93, specially referring to Art. 19§1 i.e. total ban for the import of hazardous wastes from non-Parties to the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on import for recoveryBelgium restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) 259/93, Art. 21. The restriction covers non-OECD countries and non-Parties to the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on transitBelgium restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) 259/93. The restriction covers non-OECD countries and non-Parties to the Basel Convention.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesFlanders:

In 1994, Flemish government started a PRESTI-programm (PREvention STImulation) to support professional associations who wanted to inform their members about environmentally sound management systems. The first step was the realization of studies per professional sector, the second step was dissemination of obtained knowledge to the members. By the end of 1995, 33 projects were approved, from which 32 actually took place.

44

The sectors which have been studied are: road construction contractors; potato-peel companies; builders; bakers, icemakers and chocolate makers; brewers; motor body makers; recycling companies of man-made fibres; metallic equipment-dealing companies; vegetable processing companies; traditional metal processing companies; companies in graphical sector; industrial metal processing companies; furniture companies; natural stone processing companies; metal surface treatment companies; paper and cardboard processing companies; board material companies; rubber industry; painters; cabinetmakers; slaughters; stowing and package handling companies; dentists; paints making companies; textile companies; meat processing companies; manufacturers of packaging system, endurance systems and construction parts; hospitals; and metal melting and pouring companies.

In 1997 the Presti 2- and Presti 3-programm were started. The Presti 4-programm was developed in 1997 and is being promoted since 1998.

The Presti 2-programm supports professional associations if they demonstrate measures for prevention. After investigation some pilot-companies per professional sector introduce some of the presented measures. The preceding investigation is necessary to evaluate the measures on their feasibility concerning ecological, technical and economical implications. The experienced knowledge by introducing these measures is communicated to the other members of the sector, by organizing an open house, publishing articles etc.

Until end of 1998 requests for participation were submitted. Thirteen requests were approved out of different sectors (builders, stowing and package handling companies, sector of motor companies, cleaning companies, recreation, potato-peel companies, wood processing companies, bakers, garage and motor body makers, slaughters, companies in graphical sectors, metal surface treatment companies and public services).

The Presti 3-programm supports individual companies if they set up a prevention plan and practice a part of the presented measures. The requests were submitted until end 1999. Thirty-five projects were approved. The projects are mainly situated in the following sectors: disassembling car companies, paper, chemistry, wood, stowing and package handling companies, garage and motor body makers, recreation, metal, metal surface treatment companies, food industry, companies in graphical sectors. By the end of 2000 already 43 companies had set up a prevention plan and out of these companies 29 companies actually have introduced the proposed measures.

The Presti 4-programm is addressed to intermediary organizations that set up projects to stimulate companies to produce in an ecological way. Companies who want to participate in these projects have to sign an environmental commitment and work out some environmental actions during one year. These actions include reduction of waste, emissions, rational use of water and electricity etc. If the companies complete this

45

‘action year' successfully they are rewarded with a certificate. Normally this program would end in 2001. Because of its known success OVAM could prolong the program until the end of 2003.

A new program, Presti 5 is announced.

Wallonia:

The Walloon Government’s action plan reflects the wish to reduce the quantity of hazardous waste and the degree of hazard represented by waste that are produced.

In order to reduce the quality of waste, the Government is introducing a new waste reduction target:

- the “polluter pays” principle and the principle of producer responsibility in accordance with waste management plan;

- lowest priority to landfilling and introduction of landfill tax;- highest priority to the waste treatment in the form of recycling

encouraged by regional authority investments and increase int the private undertaking;

- adoption of cleaner process techniques by industries, using of resources more effectively and re-using or sale of by-products;

- adoption of more suitable consumption patterns by consumers, for example buying products with minimal packaging or/and re-use;

- use of agreements as management tools to promote the overall principle of answerability of waste generators and market orientation in the field of waste and recycling.

In order to reduce the degree of hazard represented by waste to be landfilled, following suitable treatment are used: physical treatment (solidification/ stabilization and deshydratation); biological treatment (biological activity); and physico-chemical treatment (dechlorination; dechromatisation; and decyanurisation).

These objectives were translated into Government Action Plan and into a decree on waste on 27 June 1996.

Brussels:

During the implementation of the waste strategic plan 1998-2002 and more especially of the prevention plan of action, the IBGE-BIM leads many informational and awareness-raising actions towards the general public. Several topics are approached, but with regard to hazardous waste, the batteries are under scrutiny.

This topic has been presented until now only in publications (a booklet “10 advices to stop the increase of garbage” and the journal “A minimum amount of garbage, we will get there!”).

In November 2001, an action will be dedicated to this theme with the slogan “A life without batteries exists; avoid them, recycle them”. This action is done in collaboration with the distribution sector and the media.

46

Economic instruments/ initiatives- Ecotax: Since July 1993 a national law introduced taxes on certain

consuming products that are considered to be harmful to the environment (soda packaging, batteries, pesticides, paper etc.).

- MAMBO: MAMBO is the Dutch abbreviation of “Less Waste, More Profit”. By means of a software package developed by the Flemish Waste Agency, companies are able to calculate the exact cost of their waste production. The objective is to bring about awareness about this topic and to focus on waste prevention.

- Flanders applies the 'polluter pays' principle. Simultaneously, a price-differentiation distinguishes between the fraction for incineration or landfilling (the 'rest-fraction' or residual waste stream) and the fractions collected separately for recycling. The Flemish Government have also imposed additional environmental taxes on the residual waste stream. The purpose of these taxes is to stimulate prevention and recycling, and also to finance regional environmental policy.

Others- Ecodesign: research with objective to produce environmentally friendly

products in order to prevent waste.- Product standards: a national law recently has been approved to regulate

product standards.- Ecolabel: products that meet certain environmental concerns can get an

environmental certificate.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesWallonia:

General guidance on exports and imports of wastes is contained in the waste shipments Regulations EC and in the waste management plan in Walloon. However some expectations to these rules may be appropriate.

The main policies are as follows:

- to ban all imports directly for final disposal;

- to ban imports and exports of wastes for disposal except if:1. the waste cannot realistically be dealt with in an environmentally sound

manner in , or in closer proximity to, the country of origin, and 2. the State of destination has the technical capacity and the necessary

facilities in order to dispose of the wastes in question in an environmentally sound and efficient manner or,

3. the capacity treatment in the country or origin is saturated, taking into account of regional/ national self-sufficiency, or

4. the transboundary movement concerning small quantities hazardous wastes for which it would be ineconomic for the State of origin to provide his own facility this specific case requires cooperation between countries concerned;

47

- to allow all imports for recovery except if:1. large quantities of unrecoverable residues which are derived from

recycling/ recovery operations must be landfilled, or2. the import in question must be seriously prejudicial to the capacity of a

particular facility to deal with wastes from Walloon Region sources, or3. the waste in question doesn’t comply with the specification set out in the

autorisation for the destination facility;

- to allow all exports for recovery except if:1. the country of destination prohibits the import of waste in question, or2. the Walloon Region has the regulatory and technical infrastructures

necessary to deal with waste exported.

Brussels:

Article 4 of the Law for prevention and management of wastes of 07.01.91 allows the Government to take measures to prevent or reduce production of waste and its nocivity

- by encouraging development of cleaner technologies and technologies needing less natural resources,- by encouraging development of products conceived in a way that their production, their use or elimination does provoke as less as possible raise in amount or in nocivity of wastes and- by developing appropriate techniques for elimination of dangerous substances in wastes.

Decision of 06.04.95 fixes environmental standards for the sector of textile cleaning. These conditions were set up after a sector campaign organized by the Clean Technologies Department of the Brussels Institute for Management of Environment.

Flanders:

It is an aim of the Flemish policy to protect public and environmental health against damaging influences of wastes and to prevent dissipation of raw materials and energy by (in the following order of priority) :

- preventing and reducing waste production and preventing or reducing the damaging features of wastes

- promotion of waste recycling- organising the disposal of all the wastes which cannot be prevented or

recycled. (article 5 of the Waste Management Decree of 20.04.94).

Economic instruments/ initiativesImplementation of tax legislation on waste: In Flanders, environmental taxes are put on final disposal of waste materials, i.e. on incineration and landfilling, with exemptions on recycling. It constitutes a good instrument for discouraging production of waste materials at source and accordingly promote prevention.

48

OthersFlanders:

The environmental management plan MINA1997-2002 which indicates the environmental policy of Flanders, describes some actions to reduce and/or eliminate generation of hazardous and other wastes :

- action 33 : Developing and starting an active management for the prevention and disposal of asbest-containing substances- action 34 : Provision of information for certain target groups to optimize soil remediations- action 35 : Development of an “active-soil” system for a better management of contaminated soils (prevention of diffusal of contaminated soils)- action 40 : Development of a producer-responsability in the waste fase. The idea behind this action is the fact that the producer is still responsable for its product when the product is waste and has to be recycled or disposed- action 43 : Development and promotion of a system of the covering of costs for houshold wastes. The aim is to make a combination of the principle which says that “the pollutor pays” and the environmental rentability of the system.- action 44 : Development of a management plan for a better seperated collection of waste arriving from small and average enterprises- action 45 : Prescription of the conditions to re-use waste as a secondary material- action 46 : Development of a programm for a better trading of recycledwastes- action 47 : Development of a management plan for collecting and processing organical waste for the years 1998-2001.- action 48 : Development of a management plan for collecting and processing municipal waste for the years 1998-2001.

Wallonia:

- Development of production technology to minimize the production of hazardous waste; and

- Development of technology to neutralize hazardous waste.


Disposal facilitiesA complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesA broad range of facilities exist in Belgium for waste treatment / recovery, graphical industry, animal waste treatment, chemical industry, metallurgy, scrap treatment, oil refinery, waste oil treatment, sludge treatment, soil treatment, recycling of zinc and nickel salts, treatment of used oils etc. Information available from the Competent Authorities.

49


None.


A complete list could be obtained from the Competent Authorities.

50


BOLIVIA



Vice Ministry for Environment, Natural Resources and Forestry DevelopmentAv. Mariscal Santa Cruz # 1092, Piso 6, La Paztel: (5912) 233-0762fax: (5912) 233-1273e-mail: [email protected] site: www.rsd.org.bo

Director General for Quality, Environmental Impact and Environmental Services

Av. Mariscal Santa Cruz # 1092, Piso 6, La Paztel: (5912) 233-1345fax: (5912) 233-1268e-mail: [email protected] site: www.rds.org.bo

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Bolivia.

There are no wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention. Bolivia has no specific regulation on the transboundary movement of hazardous substances and only has a regulation for activities on hazardous substances which are part of the regulations of Environment Law No. 1333.

In Bolivia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

51





Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No dataTotal amount of other wastes generated 1)



exportedTotal amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes

imported121 482

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Amount reported as: 1 400 T/per day of municipal solid waste which may contain small

quantities of hazardous wastes.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Bolivia.

Restrictions on export for final disposalBolivia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. There is no legislation on export of hazardous waste.

Restriction on export for recoveryBolivia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. Agreements and regulations have been established in accordance with the provisions of the Basel Convention. Iron scrap is exported to Peru in accordance with the provisions of the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on the transit and import for final disposal and for recoveryBolivia has no restrictions on the transit and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. In accordance with Art. 59 of the Regulation on Activities having hazardous wastes, the Government of Bolivia prohibits the importation of hazardous substances with the sole purpose of confinement. However, the definition of hazardous substances in accordance with the above-mentioned regulation is the following: The substance presenting or containing, among others, the following intrinsic characteristics: corrosive, explosive, flammable, patogenic or bio-infectious, radioactive, reactive and toxic, in accordance with standard tests. Nevertheless, the difference between substances and wastes is not specified and the term is used indistinctively. Therefore, we are working on the amendment to the regulation, as well as on the proposal to set as a priority the elaboration of a regulation on hazardous wastes.

52


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNational legislation is based on Environmental Law No. 1333 and its Regulation for Activities with Hazardous Substances.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIndustrial activities have the obligation to incorporate the information concerning management and disposal of hazardous wastes.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesEnvironmental Law No. 1333; Regulation for Activities with Hazardous Substances; and Regulations and Agreements of the Basel Convention.


Disposal facilitiesEach province in Bolivia has its own disposal of solid wastes system, which in general is done through the sanitary landfill method (D1). Further information could be obtained from the environment municipal units of each province which are directly responsible for carrying out solid waste management.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesThere are no means for waste recovery installations at national level, only on a small scale which includes recovery operations R4, R5 and R9.


Bilateral agreement between Peru and Bolivia, under implementation of the Basel Convention, concerning the export of metal and plastic scrap, effective from 12.07.1996.


The available sources are:

- Ministry of Sustainable Development and Planning, Av. Mariscal Santa Cruz, 1092, Piso 6, La Paz, tel: (5912) 231-1554, fax: (5912) 233-1268;

- Prefectura Santa Cruz, Direccion Ambiental, tel: (5913) 333-9225, fax: (5913) 333-7346;

- Prefectura Cochabamba, Direccion Ambiental, tel: (5914) 425-8072, fax: (5914) 425-8077;

- Prefectura La Paz, Direccion Ambiental, tel: (5912) 284-5641, fax: (5912) 284-5641; and

- Institute for Ecology, tel: (5912) 279-2582.

Further information could be obtained from the Focal point.

53


BOTSWANA



DirectorPrincipal Waste Management Officer

Department of Sanitation and Waste ManagementP/Bag BO 323Gaborone, Botswanatel: (26-7) 31-1802fax: (26-7) 30-9953e-mail: kselotlegeng @gov.bw


National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Botswana. However, controlled waste is a waste which has a potential even in low concentrations to have significant adverse effect on public health or environment on account of its inherent chemical and physical characteristics such as toxic, ignitable, corrosive, carcinogenic or other properties.


In Botswana, there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe Amendment has not been officially ratified but the provisions are in practice and have been implemented in Botswana’s National Legislation.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryBotswana has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

54

Restrictions on import for final disposalBotswana restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal by practicing the provisions of the Amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1), although it has not been officially ratified.

Restrictions on import for recoveryBotswana has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitBotswana has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. However, Botswana requires to be informed of prior to any movement of waste into or transiting through its territorial boundaries.


National strategies/policiesAdoption of the Waste Management hierarchy.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesBotswana’s strategy for Waste Management supports cleaner production guidelines; Botswana’s Waste Management Act supports polluter pays principle; and Administration of industrial trade effluent agreement.

Economic instruments/ initiativesPolluter pays principle; trade effluent agreements on industrial wastes; and in the near future plans for waste oil recycling charges to importers.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsSelf regulation initiatives by key oil importing industries; and Move to discourage plastic carriers in commercial premises initiated.


National strategies/policiesBotswana’s strategy for waste management.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesWaste Management Act.

Economic instruments/ initiativesPolluter pays principles; Trade effluent agreement with polluting industries administered; and Tax breaks are currently being evaluated for their impact.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsWaste oil recycling by key oil importers.

OthersThe country approved a common regional workshop dealing with environment crime in particular illegal trafficking of hazardous waste awareness programme.

55

An environmental enforcement agency has been established through the bilateral collaboration efforts between the USA and Botswana.


Local clinical waste incinerators, for total incineration; and landfill (local), for restricted disposal.


None.


Botswana Technology Centre; University of Botswana; Botswana Institute of Engineers; Med-Rescue; Botswana National Police; and Botswana Customs Excise.

56


BRAZIL



Directorate of Licensing and Environmental Control of the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA)SAIN Av. L4 Norte, Ed. Sede do IBAMA,

Bloco C, 1º Andar, 70800-200, Brasília/ DFTel: (55-61) 316-1282Fax: (55-61) 225-0564e-mail: [email protected] site: www.ibama.gov.br

Secretariat for Environmental Quality in Human Settlements of Ministry of EnvironmentEsplanada dos Ministérios, Bloco “B”, 8o

andar, CEP: 70.068-900 – Brasília/DFtel: (55-61) 317-1204 and 317-1230fax: (55-61) 226-8050e-mail: [email protected] site: www.mma.gov.br

Environment Division of the Ministry of External Relations (Divisão do Meio Ambiente-DEMA - do Ministério das Relações Exteriores)

Esplanada dos Ministérios, Palácio Itamaraty, Anexo I, sala 439, 4o andar

CEP: 70.170-900 – Brasília/DFtel: (55-61) 411-6674 / 411-6673 and 411-6985fax: (55-61) 322-5523e-mail: [email protected] site: www.mre.gov.br

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Brazil.

Hazardous Waste - Class I - are those belonging to any category listed in the Annex 1-A to 1-C of the CONAMA Resolution no 23, from December 12, 1996, unless they do not present any characteristics listed in Annex II of the same legislation.

Furthermore, the Brazilian legislation defines as 'hazardous' all wastes listed in Annex 10-A (Hazardous Wastes - Class I – Importation Prohibited) of the CONAMA Resolution no 235, from January 7, 1998, and as 'controlled' all the wastes listed in Annex 10-B (Non-Inert Wastes - Class II - Controlled by IBAMA) of the Resolution.

57

Brazil prohibits the importation of used tires in Annex 10-C (Inert Wastes - Class III - Importation Prohibited) of the CONAMA Resolution n.o 235 and also prohibits the importation of wastes for final disposal or incineration (CONAMA Resolution no 08 from September 19, 1991).

In Brazil there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exported63.04


imported998



Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented domestically, but it has not been ratified.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryBrazil has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalBrazil restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the National Environmental Council (CONAMA) Resolution no. 008 (September 19, 1991), which prohibits the import of hazardous wastes to Brazil for final disposal or incineration.

The import of any waste, whether dangerous or not, notwithstanding its origin or country of export, is forbidden if intended for final disposal in Brazil. Beside those hazardous wastes listed in Annexes I and II of the Convention, the Brazilian legislation defines as controlled wastes those listed in Annex 10 of CONAMA Resolution No.235/98. They are provided under 3e (II) as follows:

58

Hazardous wastes - Class I - Importation prohibited: Asbestos powder; Others (particularly: asbestos wastes); Galvanization matters containing mostly zinc; Ashes and wastes containing mostly lead; Ashes and wastes containing mostly copper; Ashes and wastes containing mostly vanadium; Other ashes and wastes containing mostly titanium; Others (ashes and wastes); Other wastes of petroleum oils of bituminous minerals; Others (particularly: wastes containing polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs); Residual dye from the manufacture of cellulose paste to sulphite; Residual dye from the manufacture of cellulose paste to soda or sulphate; lignosulphonates; Wastes and residues from lead; Others (wastes and residues from cadmium); Others (wastes and residues from antimony); Beryllium (particularly: wastes, residues and dust); Others (wastes and residues from chrome); Wastes and residues from lead electric accumulators; Unserviceable electric accumulators; Wastes and residues from arsenic; wastes and residues from selenium; Wastes and residues from tellurium; Wastes and residues from thallium; Wastes and residues from mercury.

Non-inert Wastes - Class II - Controlled by IBAMA: Macadam from blast-furnace slag, from other slag or from similar industrial wastes; Granulated blast-furnace slag (slag sand) from manufacture of iron and steel; Slag and other wastes from manufacture of iron and steel; Others (ashes and wastes containing mostly zinc); Others (other slag and ashes), Slag from dephosphorization; Other (particularly: dust from skins, treated or not with chrome); Wastes and residues from copper (particularly: exception of metallic copper scrap): Wastes and residues from nickel; Wastes and residues from zinc; Wastes and residues from tin; Wastes and residues from tungsten; Wastes and residues from molybdenum; Wastes and residues and dust from tantalum; Wastes residues from magnesium; Others (particularly: Wastes, residues and dust from cobalt); Others (particularly: wastes and residues from bismuth); Others (particularly: wastes, residues and dust from titanium); Particularly: wastes and residues from zirconium); Others (particularly: wastes, residues and dust from manganese); Others (particularly: wastes, residues and dust from germanium and vanadium; Others (particularly: wastes, residues and dust); Others (particularly: wastes and residues from cermets).

Inert Wastes - Class III - Importation prohibited: Used tires.

Restrictions on import for recoveryBrazil restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the National Environmental Council (CONAMA) Resolution no. 235 (January 7, 1998). The legislation defines which wastes are forbidden from being imported and which are just controlled by IBAMA. All countries are subject to the restrictions imposed by the Resolution no

235/98 that lists wastes which are forbidden from being imported or controlled by IBAMA. In the first case, the wastes cannot be imported irrespectively of the country of origin, in the second case, the controlled wastes can only be imported from the countries which are party to the Basel Convention.

59

Restrictions on transitBrazil has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policies- A policy dealing with biomedical wastes was approved by the National

Environment Council;- The National Environment Council is discussing policy projects dealing

with civil construction wastes, incinerators, landfilling procedures and mercury fluorescent lamp wastes;

- The National Environment Council is discussing a national waste policy project that will be submitted to the National Congress; and

- The State Industrial Wastes Inventory is being implemented in 12 of the major waste generator States in Brazil.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsSeveral industries, amounting almost 200 now, have been awarded with the ISO 14000 series certification.


There are several licensed landfills, for urban and common wastes, hazardous and industrial wastes. There are licensed incineration facilities. A detailed list of these facilities can be obtained from:Directorate of Environmental Control of the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), SAIN Av. L4 Norte, Ed. Sede do IBAMA, Bloco C, 1º Andar, CEP 70800-200, Brasília/ DF, Tel: (55-61) 316-1282, Fax: (55-61) 225-0564, e-mail: [email protected], web site: www.ibama.gov.br


None.


Some of the available sources are:- Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental (CETESB), Av.

Prof. Frederico Herman Jr. 345, Altos de Pinheiros, São Paulo/SP CEP 05489-900;

- Fundação Estadual de Engenharia do Meio Ambiente (FEEMA), Rua Fonseca Telesm 121, 15o andar, São Cristovão, Rio de Janeiro/RJ – CEP 20.940-200;

- Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental (FEPAM), Av. A. J. Renner, 10, Navegantes, Porto Alegre/RS, CEP 90.245-000;

- Fundação Estadual de Meio Ambiente (FATMA), Rua Felipe Schmidt, 485 Centro, Florianópolis/SC, CEP 88.010-970;

- Instituto Ambiental do Paraná (IAP), Rua Desembargador Motta, 3.384, 60


Curitiba/PR, CEP 80.430-200.

A detailed list of these facilities can be obtained from:Directorate of Environmental Control of the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), SAIN Av. L4 Norte, Ed. Sede do IBAMA, Bloco C, 1º Andar, ZIP 70800-200, Brasília/ DF, Tel: (55-61) 316-1282, Fax: (55-61) 225-0564, e-mail: [email protected], web site: www.ibama.gov.br

61



BULGARIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 16.02.1996 (a)Ratification of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 15.02.2000


Ministry of Environment and Water67, “William Gladstone” Str.Sofia 1000tel: (359-2) 940-6531fax: (359-2) 986-4848e-mail: [email protected] web site: http://www.moew.govrn.bg

Ministry of Environment and WaterWaste Management Department67, “William Gladstone” Str.Sofia 1000tel: (359-2) 940-6531fax: (359-2) 986-4848e-mail: [email protected]

[email protected] [email protected]

web site: http://www.moew.govrn.bg

National Definition

“Waste” shall be a substance, object or part thereof without preliminary immediate application or which its owner wishes to or must relieve of. The substances, objects or part of objects, submitted by the owner or by a person authorized by the owner to the specialized waste treatment companies, shall also be defined as “waste” until such time, when the materials restored therefrom or the energy produced thereby shall become included in the production process.

“Hazardous wastes” shall be the waste whose composition, quantity and properties create risk to human health and the environment and is defined as such under the Basel Convention for control of transboundaty movement of hazardous waste and its disposal (according to Annex I of the Basel Convention).


Wastes listed in Annex II of the Basel Convention (Y46-Y47) require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

62







exported51 3)


imported4 153 4)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47)

1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to total amount of Y46 generated.3) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).4) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionBulgaria has ratified the “Ban amendment” by law (published in State Gazette No. 113/28.12.1999).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryBulgaria restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are:

- Reduction of the Harmful Impact of Waste upon the Environment Act, dated 18 September 1997; and

- Council of Ministers Decree No 166 on the adoption of a Regulation for the cases that require a permit for import, export and transit transportation of waste, and on the conditions and procedures for permit issuance, dated 4 August 2000 (repealing Regulation No 5 of 8 October 1998, on the permits for import, export and transit transportation of waste).

This restriction covers wastes from Annex I to the Basel Convention (according to Art. 1 (1) a.); and Amber and Red List Wastes (Annex III and IV) to the Regulation 259/93/EEC.

Bulgaria remarks that a waste export permit shall be issued in observation of the following conditions:- a written consent by the competent authorities of the State of import,

including:a) a declaration that the wastes to be forwarded are needed for

processing or recycling or other activities related to wastes;

63

b) a confirmation of a contract between the applicant or a person, on whose behalf the applicant is arranging the transboundary movement of waste and the person who will dispose the wastes in the importing state.

- a written confirmation by the competent authorities of the states through which territories transit transportation shall be carried out, that accept the transportation through the territories thereof.

Restrictions on import for final disposalBulgaria restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Environmental Protection Act, dated 18 October 1991. This restriction covers all wastes.

The import of waste into the state with the purpose of storage, landfill or disposal is prohibited.

Restrictions on import for recoveryBulgaria restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are:




Bulgaria remarks that import of waste within the Republic of Bulgaria shall be allowed in exceptional cases and under observation of the following conditions:

- Imported waste shall be used only for the needs of production if end-user contracts are available;

- the persons who shall process the waste must possess a permit for this activity;

- the wastes must have their physico-chemical composition determined precisely and must be accompanied by the necessary documents including a specification, certificate and an invoice;

- the use of wastes in the relevant production processes should produce smaller quantities of waste than the use of traditional raw materials or shall replace valuable or limited natural resources;

- the waste must be stored and processed for a period not longer than 6 months and in a way excluding risks to human health and to the environment; and

- a written confirmation by the competent authority of the State of export that does not have the technical capacity and the necessary facilities, capacity or suitable disposal sites in order to dispose of the wastes in an environmentally sound and efficient manner.

64

Restrictions on transitBulgaria restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislations are:




The permits for transit transportation of waste shall be issued in observation of the following conditions:

- a written consent by the competent authorities of the states through which the transportation shall be conducted following the transition of the wastes through the Republic of Bulgaria, including such from the State of import;

- a declaration by the competent authorities of the state through which the wastes shall be transported prior to the Bulgarian border, conforming the obligations for return passage and acceptance of the cargo in case the same is not admitted into the Republic of Bulgaria or in any of the subsequent states; and

- bank guarantees or insurance covering the resulting from transportation damages in transit including where the transboundary transportation is considered illegal.


National strategies/policiesNational Waste Management Program – accepted by the Council of Ministers’ Decision No.254/20.04.1999.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines - Regulation of the cases that require a permit for import, export and transit

transportation of waste, and on the conditions and procedures for permit issuance (repealing Regulation No. 5 of 8 October 1998, on the Permits for Import, Export and Transit Transportation of Waste), adopted by Decree of Council of Ministers No. 166 dated 4 August 2000;

- Regulation on the requirements for treatment and transport of waste oils and oil products, adopted by Decree of Council of Ministers No. 131 dated 13.07.2000;

- Regulation on the requirements for putting into market of luminescent and other containing mercury lamps, and on the treatment and transportation

65

of spent luminescent and other containing mercury lamps, adopted by Decree of Council of Ministers No. 260 dated 05.12.2000; and

- Regulation on the requirements for production and marketing of batteries and accumulators and for treatment and transport of spent batteries and accumulators, adopted by Decree of Council of Ministers No. 134 dated 17.07.2000.

Economic instruments/ initiativesProduct charge for putting into market of batteries and accumulators.


National strategies/policiesNational Waste Management Programme – accepted by the Council of Minister’s Decision No. 254 dated 20.04.1999.


Disposal facilitiesInformation could be obtained from:Ministry of Environment and Water, Waste Management Department67, “William Gladstone” Str., Sofia 1000tel: (359-2) 940-6544/6530/6637, fax: (359-2) 986-4848e-mail: [email protected] and [email protected]

A project for Establishment of the National Hazardous Waste Treatment Centre is under preparation. The import of all types of waste in Bulgaria intended to be stored, landfilled, or disposed of is prohibited.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesInformation could obtained from:Ministry of Environment and Water, Waste Management Department, 67, “William Gladstone” Str., Sofia 1000, tel: (359-2) 940-6544/6530/6637, fax: (359-2) 986-4848, e-mail: [email protected].


None.


A list could obtained from:Ministry of Environment and Water, Waste Management Department, 67, “William Gladstone” Str., Sofia 1000, tel: (359-2) 981-6610, 940-6259, 981-1183; fax: (359-2) 986-4848; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] or [email protected]

66



BURKINA FASO



Direction Gènérale de la Préservation de l’Environement03 BP 7044 – Ouagadougou 03tel: (226) 31-1676fax: (226) 31-6491 and 31-1676

Direction Gènérale de la Préservation de l’Environement03 BP 7044 – Ouagadougou 03tel: (226) 31-1669 and 32-4089fax: (226) 31-6491e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

There is no general definition of waste, but according to article 5 of Law 005/97/ADP establishing the Environmental Code for Burkina Faso, there are specific definitions of urban, industrial and hazardous waste.

Hazardous waste is any waste presenting risks for public health and security and the environment. Waste coming from abroad is presumed to be hazardous.


In Burkina Faso there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

67






exportedNo export


importedNo import



Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Burkina Faso.

Restrictions on export for final disposalAccording to article 39 of the Law 005/97/ADP establishing the Environmental Code for Burkina Faso, any activity regarding the transit, import, purchase, sale, transport, treatment, deposit or storage of hazardous wastes is prohibited in Burkina Faso.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryAccording to article 39 of the Law 005/97/ADP establishing the Environmental Code for Burkina Faso, any activity regarding the transit, import, purchase, sale, transport, treatment, deposit or storage of hazardous wastes is prohibited in Burkina Faso.

Restrictions on transit According to article 39 of the Law 005/97/ADP establishing the Environmental Code for Burkina Faso, any activity regarding the transit, import, purchase, sale, transport, treatment, deposit or storage of hazardous wastes is prohibited in Burkina Faso.


National strategies/policiesThe national strategy for reduction and elimination of hazardous materials and other waste has been defined in a management plan for industrial and household wastes. But the strategy is insufficient or is difficult to implement.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines68

Burkina Faso has an Environment Code that seeks to create fundamental principles aimed at preserving the environment and improving the standard of living. These fundamental principles are combating desertification, implementing international agreements ratified by Burkina Faso and preparation and adoption of regulations.

Economic instruments/ initiativesA National Commission for Investments has been created in Burkina Faso to grant exemptions for the import of equipment for cleaning up pollution. In addition, recognized businesses will be subject to the payment of a single tax. Furthermore, an annual tax will be charged on activities considered dangerous.


National strategies/policiesNone.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesArticle 39 of the Environmental Code prohibits any activity related to the transit, import, purchase, sale, transport, treatment, deposit or storage of hazardous material in Burkina Faso.


None.


None.


None.

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CAMBODIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 02.03.2001 (a)Ratification of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Director, Department of Pollution ControlMinistry of Environment# 48, Samdech Preah Sihanouk, Tonle BassacChamkamon, Phnom Penhtel: (855) 2321-0492fax: (855-23) 21-2540/98-7880e-mail: [email protected]

Vice Chief, Office of Environmental Pollution Research and Technology Management, Department of Pollution Control, Ministry of Environment# 48, Samdech Preah Sihanouk, Tonle BassacChamkamon, Phnom Penhtel: (855-23) 21-0492fax: (855-23) 21-2540/98-7880e-mail: [email protected] or

[email protected]

National Definition

Waste is defined as any hard objects, hard substances, products or refuse which are useless, disposed of, are intended to be disposed of, or are required to be disposed of.

Hazardous waste is defined as any substances that are radioactive, explosive, toxic, inflammable, pathogenic, irritating, corrosive, oxidizing, or other chemical substances which may cause danger to human and animal health or damage plants, public property or the environment.


In Cambodia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

70







exportedNo export


importedNo import



Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Cambodia.

Restrictions on export for final disposalCambodia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Solid Wastes Management Sub-Decree, Article 20 which states that “the exportation of hazardous waste from the Kingdom of Cambodia to abroad could be conducted if there are an agreement from the Ministry of Environment, export license from the Ministry of Trade, and permit from the import country. The exportation of hazardous wastes shall be in accordance with the provisions of the Basel Convention”.

Restrictions on export for recoveryCambodia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalCambodia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Solid Waste Management Sub-Decree, 1999; and the Water Quality Management Sub-Decree, 1999. The Article 21 of the Solid Waste Management Sub-Decree states that “the importation of hazardous waste into the country is strictly prohibited”.

Restrictions on import for recoveryCambodia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The Article 21 of the Solid Waste Management Sub-Decree states that “the importation of hazardous waste into the country is strictly

71

prohibited”.

Restrictions on transitCambodia has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. During the development process of the Sub-Decree, the transit of hazardous wastes was not taken into consideration.



Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Solid Waste Management Sub-Decree, 1999;- Water Quality Management Sub-Decree, 1999; and- Air Pollution Control and Noise Disturber Management Sub-Decree,

2001.


Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsNone.

OthersNone.




None.


None.


The available source is:Ministry of Environment, # 48, Samdech Preah Sihanenek, Tonle Bassac, Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh

72


CANADA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 28.08.1992 (r)Ratification of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Chief, Transboundary Movement Branch,Toxic Pollution Prevention Directorate, Environmental Protection Service,Environment Canada351 St.-Joseph Blvd., 12th Floor,Hull, Québec, K1A 0H3, Canadatel: (1-819) 953-1390fax: (1-819) 997-3068e-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.ec.gc.ca/tmd/tmdhp.htm


National Definition

The Government of Canada is undertaking domestic consultations to develop an appropriate definition of waste. These consultations have resulted in the following proposed definition of ‘waste’: “any material that is disposed, destined for disposal, or is required to be disposed, and does not include recyclable material or any material used for its original purpose”. Recyclable materials are effectively decoupled from this definition of “waste”.

In Canada, the definition of hazardous waste for the purposes of controlling transboundary movements destined for final disposal or recycling is set out in the Export and Import of Hazardous Wastes Regulations. In order to meet this definition, a waste must either be found on an inclusive list of more than 3000 substances and mixtures or meet one of the hazard class characteristics. Specific testing, criteria and protocols exist in the Canadian Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (TDGR) for the following hazard classes (which in most cases are analogous to the Basel Annex III characteristic identified): substances that are gases or aerosols, flammable liquids (H3), flammable solids (H4.1), liable to spontaneous combustion (H4.2), emit flammable gases in contact with water (H4.3), oxidizing (H5.1), organic peroxides (H5.2), poisonous (H6.1), infectious (H6.2), corrosive (H8), hazardous to the environment (H12), leachate toxic (H13), or are otherwise designated as hazardous. Those substances which are explosive (H1) or radioactive are excluded from the definition for waste and are controlled

74

under other Canadian federal legislation.

Canada controls all of Annex I and Annex II wastes when they exhibit a hazard characteristic. Canada also controls wastes, even if not included in Annex I, as long as it exhibits a hazardous characteristic. For example:

Waste streams: Industrial waste streams are complex wastes that come from certain specific industrial processes. 100 such waste streams are listed in the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (TDGR) and are controlled. Further, all wastes listed and controlled under the OECD decisions are included in the Canadian regulatory regime of the Export and Import of Hazardous Wastes Regulations (EIHWR). Some of these could serve as examples of wastes which would not always be covered by Annex I.

Waste having as constituents: Canada uses a leachate procedure to characterize H13 wastes. Concentrations of contaminants listed in the Canadian Drinking Water Quality Guidelines are assessed during the procedure. Some of these contaminants, for example, boron and barium, are not found on Annex I. The more than 3000 listed wastes by Canadian regulations include a few hundred substances identified as being hazardous to the environment. A number of these substances, when wastes, do not have a corresponding Annex I or II entry.

The PCB Waste Export Regulations, 1996 (PCBWER) allow Canadian owners of PCB waste to export such wastes to the United States for treatment and destruction (excluding landfilling) when these wastes are in concentrations equal to or greater than 50 parts per million. The Regulations require that advance notice of proposed export shipments be given to Environment Canada. If the PCB waste shipment complies with the Regulations for the protection of human health and the environment, and authorities in any countries or provinces through which the waste will transit do not object to the shipment, written confirmation is sent from Environment Canada to the applicant authorizing the shipment to proceed.



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 1)Total amount of other wastes generated 1)



exported319 814


imported561 560


75

1) Control of hazardous waste and hazardous recyclable material within Canada is a shared responsibility. Tracking of hazardous waste and hazardous recyclable material generation is a provincial/territorial responsibility. The provinces/territories are also responsible for establishing controls for licensing hazardous waste generators, carriers and treatment facilities within their jurisdiction. The federal government regulates international and interprovincial/territorial movements, while provincial/territorial governments regulate intraprovincial movements of hazardous waste and hazardous recyclable material.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionAlthough Canada has not ratified the Basel Ban (Decision III/I), Canada effectively implements the terms of the ban through the EIHWR (all exports to countries having banned imports and officially notified Canada are prohibited, be it for recycling or disposal). Exports to non-parties are not permitted unless subject to an Article 11 agreement (for example, Canada U.S.A. Agreement; OECD Council Decisions).

Restrictions on export for final disposalCanada restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are:

- Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA 1999) came into force March 31, 2000, superseding the Canadian Environment Protection Act, 1988 (CEPA);

- Export and Import of Hazardous Waste Regulations (EIHWR), entered into force: November 26, 1992; and

- PCB Waste Export Regulations (PCBWER), came into force on February 4, 1997.

This restriction covers exports to countries prohibiting imports, and exports to non-parties unless subject to an Article 11 agreement (for example, Canada U.S.A. Agreement; OECD Council Decisions).

Although Canada has not ratified the Basel Ban (Decision III/I), Canada effectively implements the terms of the ban through the EIHWR (all exports to countries having banned imports and officially notified Canada are prohibited, be it for recycling or disposal). Exports to non-parties are not permitted unless subject to an Article 11 agreement (for example, Canada U.S.A. Agreement; OECD Council Decisions).

Canada remarks that:1. Implementation of Canadian requirements for advance notification (prior

informed consent) of transboundary shipments of hazardous wastes allows Canada to manage transboundary hazardous waste shipments. Advance notification requirements are contained in the Export and Import of Hazardous Wastes Regulations under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA 1999).

2. Export and Import of Hazardous Waste Regulations, Part II:- in the case of exports, require mandatory prior notification of, and consent

from (i.e. prior informed consent), the importing country;- implement a tracking system to ensure that, after shipping, hazardous

wastes actually arrive at intended and authorized facilities; and are treated, disposed of or recycled as per the advance notice;

76

- prohibit exports of hazardous wastes to those countries that ban imports or are not party to the Basel Convention or an Article 11 agreement with Canada;

- require every exporter and carrier to obtain insurance to cover environmental damage should an accident occur during the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes;

- require contingency plans for shipments which cannot be completed as planned on the notice, to prevent them from becoming "orphans"; and

- simplified procedures for the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes destined for recovery/recycling facilities within the OECD area, based on the OECD three-tier system; and

- the exporting country must permit re-entry of any hazardous waste that may be returned by the importing country.

Restriction on export for recoveryCanada restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Although Canada has not ratified the Basel Ban (Decision III/I), Canada effectively implements the terms of the ban through the Export and Import of Hazardous Wastes Regulations (all exports to countries having banned imports and officially notified Canada are prohibited, be it for recycling or disposal). Exports to non-parties are not permitted unless subject to an Article 11 agreement. The Export and Import of Hazardous Waste Regulations (EIHWR), came in to force November 26, 1992. It details conditions on Exports for Recycling.

This restriction covers Canada; and exports to non-parties are not permitted unless subject to an Article 11 agreement (for example, Canada U.S.A. Agreement; OECD Council Decisions).

Canada remarks that:

1. The Export and Import of Hazardous Wastes Regulations include restrictions on exports for recycling. Where Canada is not a country of transit, an exporter may export a hazardous waste only if:

- the export of that hazardous waste is not prohibited under the laws of Canada;

- at the time the notice is given, the country of import has not notified the Chief that the importation of that hazardous waste into that country is prohibited;

- the country of import is a party to the Convention, the OECD Decision or the Canada-U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste (which came into effect on November 8, 1986); and

- the hazardous waste is not to be recycled south of 60° south latitude.

2. The Agreement affirms the four basic principles that both countries recognize as necessary to control transboundary shipments of hazardous waste:

- each country must adequately manage waste within its own jurisdiction; - the exporting country must give the importing country prior notice of the

proposed shipment. The importing country then indicates whether it 77

objects to the proposed shipment; - the two countries must cooperate to ensure that transboundary shipments

of hazardous waste are accompanied by proper manifests, in order to verify compliance with the Agreement and with domestic regulations; and

- conditions of the Export and Import of Hazardous Wastes Regulations must be met.

Restrictions on import for final disposalCanada restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are:

- the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA 1999), March 31, 2000;

- the Export and Import of Hazardous Waste Regulations (EIHWR), November 26, 1992 through conditions on Exports for Recycling; and

- the Canada - U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, November 8, 1986.

This restriction covers imports from any country. It does not permit exports to, nor imports from non-parties, unless subject to an Article 11 agreement.

Canada meets it’s international obligations through:

1. CEPA 1999 provides authority to establish a permit system for the import, export and transit of hazardous wastes destined for final disposal;

2. The Export and Import of Hazardous Waste Regulations (EIHWR) Conditions on Imports for Disposal include:"

- the import of that hazardous waste is not prohibited under the laws of Canada;

- the country of export is a party to the Convention or the Canada-U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste that came into effect on November 8, 1986;

- the importer is the disposer of the hazardous waste in Canada;- there is a signed, written contract or a series of such contracts between the

importer and the person who exports the hazardous waste from the country of export or, where the importer and the person who exports the hazardous waste are the same legal entity doing business in both Canada and the country of export, there is a signed, written arrangement between representatives of the entity in both countries; and

- the importer and carrier to obtain insurance to cover environmental damage should an accident occur during the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes;

3. The Canada - U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes sets out the specific administrative conditions for the export, import, and transportation of hazardous waste between the two countries. These conditions stipulate that hazardous waste generators and parties wishing to transport hazardous waste across the border must first submit, together with other relevant documents, a notice which contains a

78

variety of detailed information about the proposed shipment:- the type and amount of waste;- when the waste will be exported;- the name of the transporter and method of transportation (air, highway,

rail, water);- the type of container used (drums, boxes, tanks, etc. ); and- the name and address of the party to whom the waste will be shipped, and

the method of recycling, treatment, storage, or disposal.

Restrictions on import for recoveryCanada restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are:- the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA 1999), March 31,

2000;- the Export and Import of Hazardous Waste Regulations (EIHWR),

November 26, 1992 through conditions on Exports for Recycling; and- the Canada - U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of

Hazardous Wastes, November 8, 1986.

This restriction covers imports from any country. It does not permit exports to, nor imports from non-parties, unless subject to an Article 11 agreement.


1. CEPA 1999 provides authority to establish a permit system for the import, export and transit of hazardous wastes and hazardous recyclables;

2. Conditions on imports for recycling included under the EIHWR, for the purposes of subsection 44(2) of CEPA, where Canada is not a country of transit, an importer may import a hazardous waste only if:

- the import of that hazardous waste is not prohibited under the laws of Canada;

- the country of export is a party to the Convention, the OECD Decision or the Canada-U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste that came into effect on November 8, 1986;

- the importer and carrier obtain insurance to cover environmental damage should an accident occur during the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes;

- the importer is the recycler of the hazardous waste in Canada; and- there is a signed, written contract or a series of such contracts between the

importer and the person who exports the hazardous waste from the country of export or, where the importer and the person who exports the hazardous waste are the same legal entity doing business in both Canada and the country of export, there is a signed, written arrangement between representatives of the entity in both countries.

3. Under the principles of the Canada - U.S.A. Agreement:- each country must adequately manage waste within its own jurisdiction;- the exporting country must give the importing country prior notice of the

proposed shipment. The importing country then indicates whether it 79

objects to the proposed shipment;- the two countries must cooperate to ensure that transboundary shipments

of hazardous waste are accompanied by proper manifests, in order to verify compliance with the Agreement and with domestic regulations; and

- the exporting country must permit re-entry of any hazardous waste that may be returned by the importing country.

Restrictions on transitCanada restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislations are:

- the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA 1999), March 31, 2000;

- the Export and Import of Hazardous Waste Regulations (EIHWR), November 26, 1992 through conditions on Exports for Recycling; and

- the Canada - U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, November 8, 1986.

Transits through Canada are only permitted following notification and consent.


- CEPA 1999 provides authority to establish a permit system for the transit of hazardous wastes and hazardous recyclables through Canada.

- For the purposes of Part 7, Division 8 of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA 1999), where Canada is only a country of transit, subject to the Export and Import of Hazardous Wastes Regulations (EIHWR) a person may import and subsequently export a hazardous waste only if the import or export of that hazardous waste is not prohibited under the laws of Canada;

- the carrier of the hazardous waste, if other than Her Majesty in right of Canada or a province or Her agent, is insured in accordance with section 9; where the country of export and the country of import are not the same country, the competent authority in the country of export has provided to the Chief written confirmation that the competent authority in the country of import, and in each country of transit through which the hazardous waste is destined to pass before entering the country of import, consents, in accordance with the laws of the country of that authority with respect to giving that consent, to the proposed import into and, where applicable, export from that country;

- where the country of export and the country of import are the same country, the carrier of the hazardous waste receives written confirmation from the Chief that the authority, body or person specified on the List of Hazardous Waste Authorities in respect of Canada has received the

80

notice in respect of the proposed import of the hazardous waste; and - Under the terms of the Canada - U.S. A. Agreement, hazardous waste

generators and parties wishing to transport hazardous waste across the border must first submit, together with other relevant documents, a notice which contains a variety of detailed information about the proposed shipment including:

- the type and amount of waste; - when the waste will be exported; - the name of the transporter and method of transportation (air, highway,

rail, water); - the type of container used (drums, boxes, tanks, etc. ); and, - the name and address of the party to whom the waste will be shipped,

and the method of recycling, treatment, storage, or disposal.


National strategies/policiesIn Canada, both mandatory and voluntary plans and programs exist. They are set up by the federal and provincial governments and by municipalities. In general, provincial and municipal plans tend to be mandatory, whereas federal plans are voluntary. Some examples are as follows:

-Section 188 of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 creates a new authority for the Minister of the Environment. The Minister may require an exporter or class of exporters of hazardous waste or prescribed non-hazardous waste for final disposal to submit and implement a plan "for the purpose of reducing or phasing out" those exports. Once such a requirement is imposed, the Minister may refuse to issue an export permit if the plan is not submitted or implemented.

-Section 191(g) authorizes the Government to develop regulations respecting these plans "taking into account: i) the benefit of using the nearest appropriate facility, and ii) changes in the quantity of goods the production of which generates hazardous waste to be disposed of by an exporter or class of exporters."

- In 1995, the Toxic Substances Management Policy was released. This policy provides a two track approach to managing toxic substances. The first track is the elimination of specified substances and the second track encourages the “cradle to grave philosophy”;

- Also in 1995, the Pollution Prevention - Federal Strategy for Action Plan was released. This initiative encourages both industry and individuals to reduce pollution and decrease waste production on a voluntary basis. Programs such as the Accelerated Reduction Elimination Toxics (ARET) have been successful in this endeavor; and

- the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), contains data commencing in 1993 on the annual release and transfer in waste containing any of 176 specified substances.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesCanada does not apply legally defined technical standards regarding manufacturing and recycling processes in order to support Waste

81

Minimization (Reduce, Reuse, Recovery & Recycle). Additionally, Canada has implemented efforts in product take-back obligations (“stewardship”) and deposit refund schemes.

Economic instruments/ initiativesTaxes and duties are levied on waste intensive products and waste treatment and landfilling. Some examples include provincial and local tipping fees, advance disposal surcharge for pesticide containers and taxes on new tires sold. Financial aid programs and economic incentives are applied extensively for both municipal solid waste and hazardous waste minimization. Financial aid is given to research and development, pilot plant design and construction, development of clean technologies, consulting services, eco-balances and eco auditing. Financial aid is granted by federal institutions, provincial administrations and by private funds. Some examples include:

- Action 21, which is a federal government funding programme for public environmental awareness initiatives and local environmental projects;

- Technology Partnerships Canada - Environmental Technologies which is a federal investment support programme for business in the form of interest-free loans. Support is given to the development of new technologies, processes and products;

- a provincial waste reduction fund which provides a 50% cost share for waste reduction initiatives; and

- A provincial financial assistance programme to the recycling industry. Subsidy of up to 50% of the capital costs, loan guarantees.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsEconomic and consumer pressures have moved industry to introduce methods of waste reduction on a voluntary basis. Some of the initiatives include:- Total Quality Management programs such as the ISO standards. These

Programs improve the overall operations of businesses and as a partial result of these efforts, a net reduction in wastes is achieved;

- The Canadian Chemical Producers Association program of “Responsible Care” has resulted in a “cradle to grave” or product stewardship approach in the chemical industry; and

- The Ontario Printing and Imaging Association has introduced “The Empty Trash Can” program in an effort to promote reduced wastes and associated costs.

OthersIn Canada, Waste Minimization is fostered by information services offering support to private households and industrial waste producers.

- A provincial recycling council, information services on recycling;- A provincial recycling organization which provides information on

recycling and also supports the management of a deposit-refund system for beverage containers and a programme on recovery and recycling of used tires; and

- An association of municipal recycling coordinators offers information to 82

private households.

Eco-labeling, Environmental Choice Programme. This voluntary program has developed environmental criteria against which products and services are assessed. Companies whose product or service passes testing and verification to ensure that they are environmentally sound, are licensed to use the EcoLogo.


National strategies/policiesIn order to lessen threats to the environment or public safety during transportation and to manage transboundary shipments effectively, in 1986 Canada and the USA entered into the comprehensive agreement: Canada-U.S.A. Agreement on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes. This agreement, consistent with Article 11 of the Basel Convention, sets out the specific administrative conditions for the export, import, and transportation of hazardous waste between the two countries.

Canada recognizes the environmental and economic advantages of minimizing distances that hazardous waste must travel. In 2000, 96% of Canada’s exports were destined for the United States and 97% of imports were from the United States.

In 2000, 50.4% of Canada's imports and 73.1% of Canada's exports of hazardous waste were destined for recycling operations. Trade in wastes destined for recovery is significant in Canada. Hazardous wastes recovery is a thriving industry within Canada, and helps to reduce demand on primary resources.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesUnder the revised CEPA 1999, (Canadian Environmental Protection Act), authority is also given to the Minister to require exporters to have plans for reducing or phasing out the quantity of hazardous waste and prescribed non-hazardous wastes that is exported for final disposal. Plans would take into account the identification of the benefit of using the nearest appropriate disposal facility and changes to the quantities of hazardous waste that may result from changes in production levels. The Act also includes requirements to report at regular intervals on the progress of implementing the plan. Subsequent export permits may be refused if these requirements are not met.


In Canada, disposal/recycling facilities are monitored/regulated by provinces and territories. For further information, the Competent Authority could be contacted.


Canada-US bilateral agreement on the transboundary movement of hazardous waste, effective from November 8, 1986. This agreement sets out the specific administrative conditions for the export, import, and transit of hazardous waste between the two countries. Renewed every five years. This was amended in 1992 to include Annex II wastes.

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OECD Council Decision C(92)39/Final Multilateral Agreement effective from 30 March 1992 concerning the control of transfrontier movements of wastes destined for recovery operations (active). It covers Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States.


Some of the contact points are:- Chief, Transboundary Movement Branch, Toxic Pollution Prevention

Directorate, Environment Protection Service, Environment Canada, 351 St. Joseph Blvd., 12th floor, Hull, Quebec K1A 0H3;

- Canadian Environmental Industry Association, National Office, 208 - 350 Sparks Street, Ottawa, Ontario, K1R 7S8;

- Association of Consulting Engineers of Canada, 130 Albert St., Suite 616, Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 5G4;

- “Directory of Hazardous Waste Services” available from: Southam Information and Technology Group. 1450 Don Mills Road, Don Mills, Ontario M3B 2X7; and

- Directory of Contaminated Sites Services, which presents a profile of firms in Canada that provide services associated with the associated with the assessment and remediation of contaminated sites., Chief, Contaminated Sites Division, Environmental Technologies Advancement Directorate, Environment Canada, 351 St. Joseph., 12th floor; Hull, Québec, Canada K1A OH3

For further information, the Competent Authority could be contacted.

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CHILE

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 11.08.1992 (r)Ratification of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Subscretario de SaludMinisterio de SaludMc Iver No 541, Santiagotel: (56-2)630-0406fax: (56-2) 639-9461e-mail: [email protected] site: www.minsal.cl

Direccion de Medio AmbienteMinisterio de Relaciones ExterioresCatedral No 1143, Santiagotel: (56-2) 679-4375 and 679-4373fax: (56-2) 673-2152e-mail: [email protected] site: www.minrel.cl

National Definition

Chile is preparing a regulation on management of hazardous wastes that contains a national definition of waste and hazardous waste. This definition of wastes is also to be used for the purpose of transboundary movements. A Draft Law is being prepared by the National Congress, which, if approved, will prohibit the entry of hazardous wastes into Chile. This Draft Law would also contain the above-mentioned definitions of waste and hazardous waste.

Chile is in preparatory process to regulate/control additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. (1)b. Hazardous wastes that are not covered by the Basel Convention are being considered for inclusion in the above mentioned regulation.

Any wastes, even those that are not hazardous, require authorization from the National Sanitary Authority for every kind of management, including their transport.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Chile.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryChile has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery, when there are no national capabilities for

85

treatment or disposal.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryChile is in a preparatory process to restrict import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. A Draft Law is being prepared by the National Congress, which, if approved, will prohibit the entry of hazardous wastes into Chile.

Restrictions on transitChile is in a preparatory process to restrict the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The Draft Law, if approved, will limit the transit of hazardous wastes.


National strategies/policiesChile has implemented a policy of clean production in some production sectors.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesGuidelines have been developed for each sector included in the clean production programmes.


Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Sound environmental management for pesticide containers;- Hazardous waste components segregation in some waste streams.

OthersNone.


National strategies/policiesChile does not import wastes. Export of hazardous wastes is allowed when Chile has not capability to treat or dispose those wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNone.



OthersNone.

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Disposal facilities- Hidronor S.A., Av. Vizcaia # 260, Santiago, tel: (56-2) 640-9364, fax:

(56-2) 640-9372, treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSome of the available facilities are:- Hidronor S.A., Av. Vizcaia # 260, Santiago, tel: (56-2) 640-9364, fax:

(56-2) 640-9372, transformation of liquid residues in fuel;- Bravo Energy Chile S.A., Av. Las Industrias # 12 600, Maipú, tel: (56-2)

535-0514, transformation of liquid residues in fuel;- Procesan S.A., Cerro El Roble No 9661, tel: (56-2) 738-6089, fax: (56-2)

747-1009, incineration of wastes from health-care activities;- Sercoin S.C.I. Ltda., Las Acacias No 02519, San Bernardo, tel: (56-2)

528-3679, fax: (56-2) 528-2424, solvent reclamation/regeneration; and- Recycling Instruments Ltda., Cerro Santa Lucia No 9981-C, Quilicura,

tel: (56-2) 747-1241, fax: (56-2) 747-1162, solvent reclamation/regeneration and used oil re-refining.

A complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.


None.


The available sources are:- Ministry of Health, Mc Iver 541, Santiago; and- National Environment Centre, Av. Larraín # 9975, Santiago.

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CHINA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 17.12.1991 (r)Ratification of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 01.05.2001


State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)

115 Xizhimennei Nanxiaojie, Beijing 100035tel: (86-10) 6615-4547fax: (86-10) 6615-1762e-mail: [email protected] site: www.zhb.gov.cn

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaWaste and Water Management GroupEnvironment Protection DepartmentGovernment of Hong Kong Special

Administrative Region, China28th floor, Southorn Centre130 Hennessy Road, Wanchai, Hong Kongtel: (85-2) 2755-5462fax: (85-2) 2305-0453

Department of Pollution ControlState Environmental Protection

Administration115 Xizhimennei Nanxiaojie, Beijing 100035tel: (86-10) 6615-4547fax: (86-10) 6615-1762 e-mail: [email protected] site: www.zhb.gov.cn

National Definition

China “Solid wastes” means wastes in solid or semi-solid state generated in the production and construction, daily life and other activities, which might pollute the environment.

“Hazardous wastes” means wastes included in the national catalogue of hazardous waste or wastes which, according to the identification standards of hazardous wastes, are determined as having the hazardous property.

China regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b.

These wastes are: Nickel compound waste (code: HW46; source of the waste: wastes of nickel compound; reactionary residue and unqualified products from the production; overdue nickel catalysts; nickel residue and

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tank liquid from the electroplating process; waste nickel compounds from analysis, chemical examination and testing); and Barium compound waste (code: HW47; source of the waste: wastes of barium compounds excluding barium sulfate; reactionary residue and unqualified products from the production of barium compound; salt bath residue from the heat treatment process; wasted barium compound from analysis, chemical examination and testing).

In China, import of solid wastes that cannot be used as raw materials is prohibited. Up to now, only ten kinds of wastes are allowed to be imported, which are listed in the Category of Wastes that can be used as raw materials and are restricted in importation by the state.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaThe list of hazardous wastes for the purpose of control on waste import and export in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) is specified in the Seventh Schedule (Annex I) of the Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO), the Laws of Hong Kong Chapter 354. Under the WDO, contaminated wastes are also controlled as hazardous wastes. For the purpose of control on import and export of wastes under the WDO, a waste is “contaminated” if it is contaminated by a substance to an extent which

- significantly increases the risk of human health, property or the environment associated with the waste; or

- prevents the reprocessing, recycling, recovery or re-use of the waste in an environmentally sound manner.

(Please also see the list of goods prohibited to be imported which is annexed to this CFS)



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 8 300 000 1)

Total amount of other wastes generated No dataTransboundary Movement


exported3 346 2)


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) in China.2) Out of which 3 326 mt refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a

(Annex I: Y1-Y45).Restrictions on Amendment to the Basel Convention

The amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been 89


implemented in China. The amendment has been approved by the 9 th

standing committee, the National Congress of the People’s Republic of China on October 31, 1999.

Restrictions on export for final disposal

ChinaChina restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation complies with the Basel Convention. The export is allowed when there are no disposal/ recovery facilities in China capable of disposing the waste in an environmental sound manner. The export of hazardous waste for disposal/recovery for which there are no proper facilities in China must comply with the requirements of the Basel Convention. The transboundary movement can only take place upon prior written notification from the competent authorities of the states of export, import and transit, and upon consent from these authorities. Furthermore, each shipment of hazardous waste should be accompanied by a movement document from the point at which the movement begins to the point of disposal.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaIn addition to the Basel Convention requirements, the export of any waste for a purpose other than re-use, recovery, reprocessing or recycling (e.g. for final disposal including landfilling and incineration) of the waste is subject to control by the same procedure as that of the control of export of hazardous waste.

Restrictions on export for recovery

ChinaChina restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation complies with the Basel Convention. The export is allowed when there are no disposal/ recovery facilities in China capable of recovering the waste in an environmental sound manner. The export of hazardous waste for disposal/recovery for which there are no proper facilities in China must comply with the requirements of the Basel Convention. The transboundary movement can only take place upon prior written notification from the competent authorities of the states of export, import and transit, and upon consent from these authorities. Furthermore, each shipment of hazardous waste should be accompanied by a movement document from the point at which the movement begins to the point of recovery.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaIn addition to the Basel Convention requirements, the export of any waste for a purpose other than re-use, recovery, reprocessing or recycling (e.g. for final disposal including landfilling and incineration) of the waste is subject to control by the same procedure as that of the control of export of hazardous waste.

Restrictions on import

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List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (Fourth and Fifth)

“Announcement 25, 2002, promulgated by Ministry of foreign trade and economic cooperation (MOFTEC), General Administration of Customs, State Environment Protection Administration on July 3, 2002.

In accordance with the Regulation on the Administration of Import and Export of Goods of the People’s Republic of China, the Law of Prevention and control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment of the People’s Republic of China, and the Circular on Import of the Seventh Category of Waste, the List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (fourth and fifth) is hereby promulgated and shall become effective as of the August 15, 2002”. The list is annexed to this CFS.

List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (Third)

“Announcement 36, 2001, promulgated by Ministry of foreign trade and economic cooperation (MOFTEC), General Administration of Customs, Sate Environment Protection Administration on December 23, 2001.

In accordance with the Regulation on the Administration of Import and Export of Goods of the People’s Republic of China, the Basel Convention on the Control of Trasnboundary Movement of hazardous wastes and Their Disposal, the Law of Prevention and control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment of the People’s Republic of China, and the decision of the State Council on several Issues concerning Environmental Protection, the List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (Third) is hereby promulgated and shall become effective as of the January 1, 2002”. The list is annexed to this CFS.

Restrictions on import for final disposal

ChinaChina restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Law of Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment, effective on April 1st, 1996; the Interim Regulation on the Administration of Environmental Protection in the Import of Waste Materials, entry into force on April 1st, 1996; and the Environmental Protection Control Standards for Imported Waste Material, entry into force 1996.

Law of Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment- Article 24: It is forbidden to dump, store or dispose of foreign solid

wastes within the territory of China.- Article 25: The State forbids the import of solid waste which are unusable

as raw materials and restricts the import of solid wastes which could be used as raw materials.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaWith effect from 28 December 1998, import of hazardous wastes from states which are OECD members, European Community (EC) and Liechtenstein into HKSAR or through HKSAR to other states has been prohibited.In addition to the Basel Convention requirements, the import of any waste for a purpose other than re-use, recovery, reprocessing or recycling (e.g. for

91

final disposal including landfilling and incineration) of the waste is also subject to control by the same procedure as that of the control of import of hazardous waste.

Restrictions on import for recovery

ChinaChina restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Law of Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment, effective on April 1st, 1996; the Interim Regulation on the Administration of Environmental Protection in the Import of Waste Materials, entry into force on April 1st, 1996; and the Environmental Protection Control Standards for Imported Waste Material, entry into force 1996.

According to the “Interim Regulation on the Administration of Environmental Protection in the Import of Waste Materials” ten kinds of waste are allowed to be imported: waste of bones; smelt slag; wood and wood article wastes; waste and scrap of paper or paperboard; textile wastes; base metals and article of base metal waste; waste electrical motors; electrical scraps, waste wire and cables; vessels and other floating structure for breaking up; wastes that need to be imported specially; and wastes, parings and scraps of plastics. Except for these ten wastes, others are forbidden to be imported (including hazardous waste).

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaWith effect from 28 December 1998, import of hazardous wastes from states which are OECD members, European Community (EC) and Liechtenstein into HKSAR or through HKSAR to other states has been prohibited.

In addition to the Basel Convention requirements, the import of any waste for a purpose other than re-use, recovery, reprocessing or recycling (e.g. for final disposal including landfilling and incineration) of the waste is subject to control by the same procedure on control of import of hazardous waste.

Restrictions on transit

ChinaChina restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Law of Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment, Article 58: All hazardous waste shall be prohibited from passing through the territory of China.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaWith effect from 28 December 1998, import of hazardous wastes from states which are OECD members, European Community (EC) and Liechtenstein into Hong Kong or through Hong Kong to other states has been prohibited.

Reduction and/or Elimination of

National strategies/policies

ChinaThe State encourages and supports cleaner production and minimization of

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Hazardous Waste Generation

the output amount of solid wastes.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaA Waste Reduction Framework Plan (WRFP) was launched in November 1998 to reduce the amount of waste that requires disposal and to promote recycling. One initiative being undertaken is to study waste management tools and technologies that can reduce the bulk of the waste requiring final disposal. Moreover, the government has set aside land for setting up a Recovery park the first phase of which will be in operation by 2004. The Environment and Conservation Fund and the Innovation and Technology Fund provide funding support to encourage development of waste minimization and recycling technologies.

In addition, Hong Kong Productivity Council (HKPC), a statutory organization of the HKSAR, has been developing and promoting cleaner production technologies to assist local industries and business sectors in minimization of their wastes. Relevant examples include use of trivalent chromium electroplating technology to avoid generation of hexavalent chromium waste, and development of effective rinsing system and rinse water recovery system for electroplating operations to reduce the discharge of hazardous substances containing wastewater.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines

ChinaIn August 1996, the State Council enacted “Decisions of State Council on Several Issues of Environmental Protection” which demands to ban, close and stop 15 kinds of enterprises which cause serious pollution to the environment.

In January 1999, the State Commission of Economy and Trade issued “List of the backward technology and products for elimination”.

In June 2002, the 28th session of the Ninth National People’s Congress Standing Committee of the People’s Republic of China, enacted the Law of Cleaner Production Promotion.


National strategies/policies

ChinaSeveral Cities in China are building hazardous waste disposal and recovery plant. They are Tianjin city, Shanghai city, Suzhou city of Jiangsu Province, Hangzhou city of Zhejiang Province, Fuzhou City of Fujian Province.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China

A statutory Waste Disposal Plan was developed in 1989 for the management of wastes in HKSAR. There are 3 major landfills for the disposal of municipal wastes and a Chemical Waste Treatment Center for the disposal of chemical wastes generated in the HKSAR. This facility promotes self reliance for HKSAR to manage hazardous wastes and reduce the need for HKSAR to export these wastes.

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ChinaDisposal facilities

ChinaShenzhen hazardous waste landfill site; Shenyang hazardous waste landfill site; Dailian hazardous waste landfill site; and Shenyang PCB incinerator plant.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaInformation is available from the competent authority of HKSAR.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities

ChinaShanghai waste recovery and treatment center; Beijing waste recovery and treatment center; Shenzhen waste recovery and treatment center;Shenyang waste recovery and treatment center; and Fujian waste recovery and treatment center.

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaInformation is available from the competent authority of HKSAR.


None.


ChinaThe available sources are:- Asia-Pacific Regional Center for Hazardous Waste Management Training

and Technology Transfer (Beijing);- Shenyang Institute of Environmental Science;- The National Center for Hazardous Waste Management Training and

Technology Transfer (Tsinghua University);- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science; and- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science.

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ANNEX

Announcement 25, 2002, promulgated by Ministry of foreign trade and economic cooperation (MOFTEC), General Administration of Customs, State Environment Protection Administration on July 3, 2002.

In accordance with the Regulation on the Administration of Import and Export of Goods of the People’s Republic of China, the Law of Prevention and control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment of the People’s Republic of China, and the Circular on Import of the Seventh Category of Waste, the List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (fourth and fifth) is hereby promulgated and shall become effective as of the August 15, 2002.

List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (fourth)

No. H.S. Designation Description1 0501.0000 Human hair, unworked, whether or not washed or scoured; waste of human

hair2 0502.1030 Waste of pigs’, hogs’ or boars’ bristles and hair3 0502.9020 Waste of badger hair and other brush making hair4 0503.0090.10 Waste of horse’s manes and hair5 1703.1000 Sugar cane molasses6 1703.9000 Other molasses7 2517.2000 Macadam of slag, dross or similar industrial waste8 2517.3000 Tarred macadam9 2620.2900 Other ash and residues containing mainly lead10 2620.3000 Ash and residues containing mainly copper11 2620.9910 Ash and residues containing mainly tungsten12 2620.9990.90 Ash and residues containing mainly other metals and their compound13 4004.0000.10 Waste tyre and pieces of waste tyre14 4115.2000.10 Residues, ash, slags, powder and flour pf leather15 6309.0000 Worn clothing and other worn articles16 8548.1000 Scrap of cell and waste or spent cell

Category of Goods that are forbidden from being imported (fifth)

Category of waste mechanical and electronic apparatus (including its part and components, scraps, unless exempted by other laws) that are forbidden from being imported.

No. H.S. Designation Description1 8415.1010 -

8415.9090Air conditioning machines

2 8417.8020 Burn furnaces for radioactive waste3 8418.1010 -

8418.9999Refrigerators, freezers and other refrigerating or freezing equipment, electric or other

4 8471.1000 -8471.5090

Automatic data processing machines and units thereof

5 8471.6010 Displays

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6 8471.6031 -8471.6039

Printer

7 8471.6040 -8471.9000

Other input or output unit, and other units of automatic data processing machines

8 8516.5000 Microwave ovens9 8516.6030 Electric rice cooker10 8517.1100 –

8517.1990Telephone sets; videophone

11 8517.2100 -8517.2200

Facsimile machines and teleprinters

12 8521.1011 -8521.9090

Video tape recorder, video tape reproducer and laser video compact disk player

13 8525.2022 -8525.2029

Mobile communication equipment

14 8525.3010 -8525.4050

Television cameras, video camera recorder and digital camera

15 8528.1210 -8528.3020

Television

16 8534.0010 -8534.0090

Printed circuits

17 8540.1100 -8540.9990

Thermionic, cold cathode or photo-cathode valves and tubes

18 8542.1000 -8542.9000

Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies

19 9009.1110 -9009.9990

Photocopying apparatus

20 9018.1100 -9018.9090

Instrument and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary science

21 9022.1200 -9022.9090

Apparatus based on the use of X-rays

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Announcement 36, 2001, promulgated by Ministry of foreign trade and economic cooperation (MOFTEC), General Administration of Customs, Sate Environment Protection Administration on December 23, 2001.

In accordance with the Regulation on the Administration of Import and Export of Goods of the People’s Republic of China, the Basel Convention on the Control of Trasnboundary Movement of hazardous wastes and Their Disposal, the Law of Prevention and control of Solid Waste Pollution to the Environment of the People’s Republic of China, and the decision of the State Council on several Issues concerning Environmental Protection, the List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (Third) is hereby promulgated and shall become effective as of the January 1, 2002.

List of Goods Prohibited to be Imported (Third)

No. H.S. Designation Description1 2620.2100 Sludge containing leaded gasoline (including sludge containing anti-seismic

leaded compound)2 2620.6000 Slag and ash containing arsenic, mercury, thallium and their compound

(used for extracting or producing arsenic, mercury, thallium and their compound)

3 2620.9100 Slag and ash containing antimony, beryllium, cadmium, chromium and their compound (used for producing antimony, beryllium, cadmium, chromium and their compound)

4 2621.1000 Ash, slag arising from the incineration of household wastes5 2710.9100 Waste oils containing PCBs, PBBs (including waste oils containing PCTs)6 2710.9900 Other, of waste oils7 3006.8000 Waste pharmaceutical, drugs and medicines (pharmaceuticals, drugs and

medicines their effective period expired and not suitable for original use)8 3825.1000 Household wastes9 3825.2000 Sludge from sewer10 3825.3000 Clinic wastes11 3825.4100 Waste halogenated organic solvents12 3825.4900 Other, of waste organic solvents13 3825.5000 Waste acid metal-washing liquid, hydraulic oil and braking oil (including

waste frosted liquid)14 3825.6100 Chemical waste mainly containing organic substance (waste arising from

other chemical industries and related industries)15 3825.6900 Other, chemical waste (waste arising from other chemical industries and

related industries)16 3825.9000 Other, of unlisted chemical by-products and wastes17 7112.3010 Ashes containing silver or silver compound (used primarily for recovery of

silver)18 7112.3090 Ashes containing other precious metals or their compound (used primarily

for recovery of precious metals)

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COLOMBIA



Vice-Ministry of Environment of ColombiaCalle 37 No. 8-40 piso 4, Bogotátel: (57-1) 332-3434 Ext. 120fax: (57-1) 288-9835/9725e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] site: www.minambiente.gov.co

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of ColombiaGeneral Direction of Multilateral OrganismsPalacio San Carlos Calle 10 No. 5-51, Bogotátel: (57-1) 566-2008fax: (57-1) 566-6444e-mail: [email protected] site: www.minrelext.gov.co

National Definition

According to the Resolution 189 of 1994, waste is any residue that has a value for its potential reuse, recovery or recycling, and when the residue has no value, it is considered garbage. Residue is any object, material, substance or element, in solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous form, that has no value for direct use and has been discarded by its generator.

According to the Resolution 189 of 1994, hazardous waste is any waste that may cause damage to human health or to the environment given its infectious, combustible, flammable, explosive, radioactive, volatile, corrosive, reactive or toxic characteristics. Also, the packages, containers that have been in contact with these wastes will be considered as hazardous wastes.

The Article 81 of the Colombian Constitution (dated 1991) prevents the import of toxic and nuclear wastes into the national territory.

Law 99 of 1993, (article 52, paragraph 8), establishes that the Ministry of Environment will exclusively grant an environmental permit for the production and import of pesticides and the substances, materials or products subject to controls by virtue of international treaties, conventions or protocols.

98








exported169


imported* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Colombia.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryColombia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryArticle 81 of the Colombian Constitution (dated 1991), bans the import of toxic and nuclear wastes to the national territory.

The Law 430 of 1998 issued by the Congress of the Republic of Colombia, dictates prohibitive environmental rules related to hazardous wastes. As for the import of hazardous wastes, this Law establishes the following:

- The entry and illegal traffic of hazardous wastes from other countries that Colombia is not in capacity to manage in an environmentally sound manner and that represent exclusive and unacceptable risks is forbidden;

- No natural person or corporate body can introduce or import hazardous wastes without complying with the procedures established by the Basel Convention and its annexes for that purpose; and

- The person who pretends to introduce into national territory a load which the presence of hazardous wastes is detected or the person who illegally introduces this load shall return it without delay and under his/her exclusive responsibility, without regard of the penal sanctions applicable.

Restrictions on transitColombia has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The transit of hazardous wastes is not allowed if the wastes are unloaded in national territory even for a short period of time.

99


National strategies/policiesNational Policy of Clean Production, 1997: its main purpose is to prevent and reduce in an efficient way the impacts and risks to human health and to the environment, by guaranteeing the protection of the environment, economic growth, social welfare and industry competitiveness. It also seeks to introduce the environmental perspective into production sectors, as a long term challenge. Among the specific objectives of this policy are the “prevention and reduction of the generation of pollutants” and the “minimization and the advantage of residues”.

Policy for the Integral Management of the Residues, 1998: this policy aims at preventing or reducing in the most efficient way, the risks posed by solid and hazardous wastes to human health and the environment. It specially seeks to minimize the volume of the wastes that arrive to the points of final disposal and the risks posed by them. This will contribute to the protection of the environment and to economic growth.

One of the specific objectives of this policy is the minimization of waste generation, assuming that minimization of the wastes for final disposal will occur only if less wastes are produced at the source of generation. This is the best way to reduce the volume and toxicity of such wastes, as well as its management costs and the environmental impacts that may occur.

The main target of this policy is to implement the minimization programs to the generation source, along with clean production programs, where reduction goals will be established for the volume and danger of the wastes generated.

As a specific objective related to hazardous wastes, the policy includes the need to “identify and quantify the problem of hazardous wastes in the country, and to create management systems for such wastes, from separation at the source”.

In addition to that, the policy sets the goal of developing preliminary inventories for the industrial corridors Cali-Yumbo and Bogota-Soacha.

Planned strategies and actions include:- The achievement of inventories of generation and localization of

hazardous wastes; and- The definition of management systems of hazardous wastes by industrial

corridors.

National Workshop For The Implementation Of The Basel Convention

The Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Colombia, with the support of the Secretariat of the Basel Convention, organized a National Workshop for the implementation of the Convention, that took place in Bogotá between the 26 of February and the 2 of march of 2001.

Representatives from different institutions and from the national private 100

sector participated in the workshop, and delegates from five countries of the region participated as well: Ecuador, Peru, Panama, Venezuela and Uruguay (from the Regional Centre for Training and Technology Transfer).

Some of the objectives accomplished during the workshop were: the publication of the main obligations of the Convention among the assistants, the exchange of the national and international experiences in relation to its implementation, the recognition of the limitations and needs in relation to the implementation of the Convention in Colombia, and the definition of the joint actions to be carried at a national and sub regional levels.

The following task is to create an Action Plan for the implementation of the Convention in Colombia, with the identification of priorities by experts of different national and private institutions, in order to determine the responsibilities and competitions of the institutions involved in the process, in the framework of the Basel Convention.


Regulations:

- Resolution 2309 of 1986, issued by the Ministry of Health, that establishes rules for the storage, treatment and disposal of “special wastes”, which are pathological, toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive or volatile;

- Resolution 1096 of 2000, issued by the Ministry of Industry and Development, that establishes the technical requirements for the management and final disposal of the hazardous wastes, among others; and

- Decree No. 2676 of 2000, issued by the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Health, “regulates the integral management of hospital and similar residues”. The Decree includes the principles of biosafety, integral management, minimization, the non-garbage culture, prevention and clean technologies, as well as the precautionary principle.

Guidelines:

Environmental Guideline for Battery Producers and Recoveries (1998)

The objective of this Guideline, elaborated by the Regional Environmental Authority of Cundinamarca (CAR), is to promote and facilitate the adoption of environmental management systems in small and medium sized industries. It also seeks to supply the small entrepreneurs with the technical and operative tools to design an Environmental Management Plan oriented at minimizing the environmental impacts of the wastes generated during their productive activities and promoting the rational use of natural resources.

The Guideline contains information on: the sanitary, environmental and health effects of the activities involved in battery recuperation; the valuation of impacts; and the conceptual, methodological and procedural parameters for the elaboration of an Environmental Management Plan.

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Manual for PCB Handling for Colombia (1999)

The purpose of the manual is to help the proprietors of PCBs (e.g., companies, governmental entities, individuals, etc., that own PCB equipment, oil contaminated with PCB or any other substance or PCB waste) and those who may have responsibility in the handling of PCBs in view of protecting the environment and the human health.

Economic instruments/ initiatives- Law 141 of 1994: it establishes the National Fund of Royalties financed

by resources from the exploitation of hydrocarbons, in which part of the resources are used for environmental local projects, focused on the development integral solid residues and residual waters management;

- Law 142 of 1994, on utilities (water, electricity etc.), establishes a tariff based on the weight and volume of the residues generated, which therefore constitutes an economic incentive to minimize the generation of wastes;

- Law 223 of 1995, exempts the national and imported equipments from the payment of the sales tax, when they are intended to be re-used and in general for pollution control; and

- Law 511 of 1999, establishes the national day of the recycling people and the activity of recycling, and the Decree 2395 of 2000 sets an award for the persons who are involved in recycling in the categories of industry, investigation, Organizations covering people who are active in recycling, and workers in the public cleaning service.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsConventions for Cleaner Production: These are voluntary agreements that support concrete actions for the improvement of public and private management, and for the prevention and control of pollution. This objective is to be reached by the adoption of cleaner production and environmentally safer and healthier processes. It aims at the reduction of pollution levels and risks to the environment in industrial activities, by the optimization of the use of natural resources and the improvement of internal and external industrial competitiveness. The cleaner production agreements have established inter-institutional working teams with the participation of the Ministry of the Environment, other ministries, the regional and local environmental authorities, the private sector and, in some cases, the civil society. The conventions have created new spaces for dialogue and coordination amongst the actors involved in the analysis of environmental issues, that contributes to the establishment of rules and policies for a more transparent environmental management, and to the definition and accomplishment of the goals related to environmental improvement.In addition to the above mentioned, these conventions anticipate action related to environmental rules and accelerate the reduction of the pollutant emissions, and to the definition of environmental management priorities, sectorial policies and goals. To the present date, 20 of these national conventions have been signed, 14 of which are sectorial and 6 are regional.

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OthersRegional Project for hazardous wastes management in Valle del Cauca-Colombia: On the basis of a pilot experience on the industrial corridor of Valle del Cauca, Colombia is in the process of establishing mechanisms for planning and environmental management of hazardous wastes at the national level.

Pilot Project on the Environmentally Sound Management of Spent Lead-acid Batteries in Central America and the CaribbeanSince may 2001, the Ministry of Environment of Colombia has been participating in this project with other seven countries, in order to strengthen the national capacity to manage Lead-acid batteries in an environmentally sound manner. At the same time, we seek to create a regional strategy for the management of such wastes. This project will be executed through the National Centre of Cleaner Production of Colombia, which will carry on several evaluation diagnostics for the main cities in the country.

The project is now in its initial phase, and it is expected to have the first results around March 2002, with recommendations oriented to:

- the design of national strategies for sound collection and recycling of spent lead batteries, incorporated into a sub-regional strategy for ESM of battery scrap;- the requirements for an enhanced sub-regional co-operation for

implementing ESM to used lead-acid batteries;- to develop appropriate policy tools and economic instruments to

implement the recommended national and sub-regional strategies for environmentally sound management, economically viable collection and recovery of spent lead-acid batteries;

- creating conditions to facilitate access to best available and affordable technologies and, providing an appropriate environment for investment in and full use of cleaner technologies;

- creating a package of a constructive and repressive policy, and economic measures to address the particular problems of partial lead recovery in the informal sector and for “formalizing” some of its activities, in particular in the areas of collection and servicing/repair of batteries; and

- providing feedback and recommendations to the drafters of the technical guidelines on ESM of lead-battery wastes.


National strategies/policiesPilot projects:

Study of the Technical and Economical Viability for the Disposal of Hazardous Wastes (pesticide containers) in Colombian Cement Kilns: In 1999, the Ministry of the Environment, with support from German government, undertook a pilot project for the incineration of plastic containers (PEAD/PET) for pesticides-fungicides, and plastic covers (PEBD) from flower greenhouses, in one of the kilns of the cement industry. This pilot project demonstrated that the in site final disposal of hazardous pollutant material is feasible using cement kilns.

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Legislation, regulations and guidelinesRegulations:

Resolution 970 of 2001, which establishes the requirements, the conditions and the maximum limits permitted for emissions during the disposal of plastics contaminated with pesticides in a cement kiln during the production of clinker in cement plants.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsThe National Center for Cleaner Production and Environmental Technologies of Colombia, with the support of different environmental authorities, the private sector, Centers for Technological Development, Public entities and the industry, has implemented the National Stock Exchange of Residues and Industrial Sub-products (BORSI).

The National Stock Exchange of Residues and Industrial Sub-products (BORSI) is an information system that allows the exchange of residues and industrial sub-products, by commercial transactions between sellers and buyers, through the recovery, recycling and reintroduction of such materials to the production chain. It works through the web page www.borsi.org, which can be visited for further information.


Disposal facilities- Executive Unit for Public Utilities, Cra. 30 No. 24-90 piso 13, tel. (57-1)

244-5414, Bogota, has a security cell for Hospital Wastes of Doña Juana Landfill (D1); and

- Cement Plant – Cementos Boyaca, disposal of plastics contaminated with pesticides in clinker ovens (D10).

The Executive Unit of Public Utilities will carry out a public offer in 2002, for the design and construction of a hazardous wastes cell in Bogota.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesMAC S.A.: Battery manufacturing plant for vehicles, including lead production recovered from waste batteries, Calle 10 No. 35-265, tel: (57-2) 664-4660, Cali, Lead melting (lead acids from used batteries) in rotary oven that reduces the oxide and obtains 98% pure lead (R4).

There are a number of initiatives in the country for the recycling, regeneration and reuse of hazardous wastes, but the Ministry of Environment currently does not have the exact information (organizations, amounts recovered, etc).


None.

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Some of the available sources are:Ministry of Environment of Colombia; National Centre of Cleaner Production and Environmental Technologies; Colombian Security Council; Regional Autonomous Corporations; and National University of Colombia – Research Programme of solid wastes.

A complete list could be obtained from the Competent Authority.


COSTA RICA



Minister of HealthAvenida 4-6 calle 16. Barrio Santa LuciaSan Josétel: (506) 233-0683fax: (506) 255-2594e-mail: [email protected] site: www.netsalud.sa.cr

Head of Technical Specialized UnitAvenida 4-6 calle 16. Barrio Santa LuciaSan Josétel: (506) 255-3711 or 257-6343 ext. 135 & 153fax: (506) 233-2149/255-3711e-mail: [email protected]

[email protected][email protected]

National Definition

Waste is “any deficient, non-usable or useless product, that its owner or user decided to eliminate or dispose”. (The Basel Convention is a Law in Costa Rica: No 7438, November 18, 1994.)

Hazardous waste is “all chemical wastes that could be defined as flammable, poisonous, infectious, explosives, oxidizing, organic peroxides, corrosives in accordance with the UN classification and the Basel Convention and others”.

Costa Rica is in a preparatory process to regulate/control wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention.


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The amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Costa Rica. Some amendments have been considered as part of the Basel Convention. Congress approval is not required.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryCosta Rica has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalCosta Rica restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Environmental Organic Law and the General Health Law, modifications and other regulations. The import of hazardous wastes for final disposed is not allowed.

Restrictions on import for recoveryCosta Rica restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Environmental Organic Law. The import is limited by a regulated list (to be published). The import for recycling is allowed.

Restrictions on transitCosta Rica restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Environmental Organic Law and other governmental regulations.


National strategies/policies- Policy: Risk to control any factor related with contamination, insecurity

and dangers to the environment, the human health and the life of the population;

- Prevention, mitigation and response to the population needs in disaster situations;

- Assure the quality of potable water at national scale; and- Technical and sanitary management of solid, organic, chemical,

biological, radioactive and toxic wastes, among others, in the health, industry and commerce facilities, and houses.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesGeneral Health Law of Costa Rica.

Strategies:- Strengthening of the sanitary regulation based on main standards and

technical recommendations;- Sanitary monitoring on achieving sanitary regulations; and- Development of scientific research towards the protection and the

improvement of the human environment.


Measures taken by industries/waste generators106

- Application of some environmental principles (sustainable development, precautionary principle, preventive principle); and

- Development of some mechanisms to reduce the generation of wastes in the starting point.




Disposal facilitiesMunicipal governments landfills, for D1 operations.

More information could be obtained from the Focal Point.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities

Information could be obtained from the Focal Point.


Bilateral agreement with the United States of America (signed until USA ratifies the Basel Convention).


The available sources are the Universidad Nacional (UNA), Heredia, through the Regional Institute for Toxic Substances (IRET) and the Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) through the Environmental Contamination Research Centre (CICA) in San Pedro.

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CROATIA



Ministry of Environmental Protection and Physical PlanningUlica Republike Austrije 20, 10000 Zagrebtel: (385-1) 378-2445fax: (385-1) 377-2555e-mail:[email protected]

Ministry of Environmental Protection and Physical Planning

Ulica Grada Vukovara 78, 10 000 Zagregtel: (385-1) 610-6576/6392fax: (385-1) 611-8388/6499e-mail:[email protected]

[email protected]

National Definition

The national definition of waste is in accordance with Article 2 of the Law on Waste, Official Gazette, No. 34/95. Pursuant to this Law, waste means substances and objects that a legal, or a physical person has discarded, or has disposed of, or intends to, or must dispose of them.

Official Gazette - International Agreements, No. 3/94 states that hazardous waste is identified by Appendices I, II, and III of the Law on Ratification of Convention on Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and Its Disposal. It contains the substances exhibiting one of the following characteristics: explosiveness, reactivity, ignitability, corrosiveness, irritability, harmfulness, toxicity, infectivity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity, ecotoxicity, and the characteristic of releasing toxic gases by chemical reactions, or biological decomposition. Municipal and industrial waste is classified as hazardous waste if they contain substances exhibiting one of the characteristics listed above.

National definition of hazardous wastes is in accordance with the Annexes I and II of the Basel Convention.


Non hazardous waste requires special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported13 951 2)


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionIn practice the amendment to the Basel Convention (decision III/I) has been implemented by order of Article 38/2 of the Law on waste, Official Gazette, No. 34/95 where by it is prohibited to import hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryCroatia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery by the orders of Articles 42., 43., 44. of the Law on waste, Official Gazette, No. 34/95 as follows:

- Article 42: The export of waste that can be treated in the territory of the importing country in an environmentally sound manner is permitted.

- Article 43:1. the export of waste shall be permitted under the following conditions:

- the approval of the importing country has been issued;- the exporter's declaration of waste specifying the type,

quantity, composition and origin of waste, and reasons for export has been obtained;

- a contract has been signed between the waste exporter and the waste importer, the transit countries have consented to the movement of waste to the final destination, or a transit country has not responded in writing within 60 days upon the receipt of notification of the intended transboundary movement of waste; and

- the data containing the waste identification number, the mode of transportation, place of waste entry in case of the waste

109

import, waste arrival time at the frontier crossing have been stated,2. An adequate insurance policy or a bank guarantee to the amount covering

the treatment costs of hazardous waste in an environmentally sound manner should be provided for export of hazardous waste under the conditions referred to in the paragraph 1 of this Article.

- Article 44:1. The Ministry of Environmental

Protection and Physical Planning hereof makes a waste export decision under the Article 43; and

2. No appeal shall be permitted against the decision referred to in the paragraph 1 of this Article, but an administrative lawsuit can be instituted.

The restriction covers all countries/regions.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryCroatia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Special conditions for the import of non hazardous waste are prescribed by the orders of Articles 38. and 39. of the Law on waste, Official Gazette, No. 34/95 as follows:- Article 38:

- The import of waste for disposal is prohibited;- The import of hazardous waste is prohibited; and- The import of waste that can be treated in an environmentally sound

manner, except the waste to be used for energy recovery, is permitted.- Article 39: The import of waste is permitted providing the following

conditions are met:- a contract has been signed between the exporter and

importer of waste;- a contract has been signed between the importer of

waste and the waste treatment utility;- the exporter of waste has submitted a statement

concerning the type, quantity, composition of waste, place of its origin, generation technology, and the reasons for its export;

- the waste treatment utility can prove to dispose of the equipment for environmentally sound waste treatment;

- a statement has been enclosed specifying the type of waste to be generated by treatment of imported waste, and the manner of its disposal;

- a statement has been enclosed confirming the im-ported waste shall not be used for energy recovery; and

- the data concerning the waste identification number, mode of transportation, place of waste entry in case of the waste import, waste arrival time at the frontier crossing have been stated.


Restrictions on transit110

Croatia restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is Article 45 of the Law on waste, Official Gazette, No. 34/95 as follows:- The transit of waste across the territory of the Republic of Croatia is

permitted; and

- The transit of waste is approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Physical Planning provided that the conditions for export of waste, save for the subparagraph 4, paragraph 1, Article 1 hereof, is fulfilled.



National strategies/policiesThe National strategies on waste that is in process of preparation contain the instruments for the reduction/or elimination of the amount of generated hazardous wastes and other wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesLaw on Waste, Official Gazette, No. 34/95:

- Article 5: Basic goals of the waste management are:- avoiding and minimizing the generation of waste, and minimizing the

hazardous nature of waste whose generation cannot be prevented;- prevention of uncontrolled waste management;- recovery of valuable substances for material purposes and energy

recovery, and their treatment prior to disposal;- waste disposal onto landfills; and- remediation of waste contaminated areas.

Economic instruments/ initiativesAn eco-labeling procedure has established.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsCertain facilities have voluntary established HSE program and ISO 14000 System Quality Control.


National strategies/policiesThe National strategy on hazardous waste which is under preparation contains instruments for reduction of the amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes subject to the transboundary movement.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe export of waste that can be treated in the territory of the Republic of Croatia in an environmentally sound manner is prohibited in accordance with Article 4/9 of the Law on ratification of Convention on Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous waste and Its Disposal, Official

111

Gazette, No. 34/95.


A list could be obtained from the Focal Point. The authorized facilities treat hazardous wastes generated on the territory of the Republic of Croatia.


None.


A list of the available sources could be obtained from the Focal Point.

112


CUBA



Centro de Inspección y Control AmbientalCalle 28 #502 esq.5ta Ave. Playa, La Habanatel: (53-7) 202-7573fax: (53-7) 202-7030 or 24-2676e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

There is no national definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Cuba. There are no categories of wastes to be controlled and no categories of wastes requiring special consideration in addition to those listed in Annexes I and II of Basel Convention.






exportedNo data


importedNo data


113

1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45). The increase of hazardous waste generated in 2000 in relation to 1999 (819 050 mt) is due to a more precise inventory and rise in the Cuban economy in 2000.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Cuba.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryCuba has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalCuba restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Resolution 87/99 from Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment. The restriction covers all hazardous wastes and all countries.

Restrictions on import for recoveryCuba has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitCuba restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Resolution 87/99 from Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment. The restriction covers all hazardous wastes and all countries. This restriction establishes the need for a license and financial guarantee to cover the movement.


National strategies/policiesPromoting the use of cleaner productions.

OthersNew industries are using technologies which are reducing pollution and some technological changes in older industries are being made in order to reduce waste generation.


None.


None.

114


The available sources are:Centro de Inspección y Control Ambiental; Centro de Gestión Ambiental; Consultoría CESIGMA; and Consultoría GEMA.

115


CYPRUS



Environment ServiceMinistry of Agriculture, Natural

Resources and Environment1411 Nicosiatel: (357) 2230-3870 or 2230-3883fax: (357) 2277-4945e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

Cyprus is preparing a national definition of waste and hazardous waste to be used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste. Currently, Cyprus uses the national definition as listed in Annexes I & II of the Basel Convention. The new definition will be based on the European Regulation on Waste Shipment No. EEC/259/93. The new Law on Waste Management that will cover inter alia the management of hazardous wastes will be adopted in 2002.


All wastes destined for disposal require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionA Law ratifying the amendment of the Basel Convention has been passed on the 14.4.2000 (No. 12(III)/2000).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryCyprus restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. Cyprus follows all the provisions of the Basel convention regarding the export of hazardous wastes.

116

Restrictions on import for final disposalCyprus restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. Even though the relevant draft legislation has been finalized, import of wastes for final disposal is not permitted, as there are no facilities for this purpose. As far as the import of wastes for purposes other than disposal (e.g. recycling, recovery) is concerned, these are examined on a case- by- case basis. Permits are issued only for “green wastes”.

Restrictions on import for recoveryCyprus restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. As far as the import of wastes for purposes other than disposal (e.g. recycling, recovery) is concerned, these are examined on a case- by- case basis. Permits are issued only for “green wastes”.

Restrictions on transitCyprus restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. Cyprus follows the provisions of the Basel convention regarding transit issues. In order for a permit to be granted, a copy of the Notification Document appropriately stamped by the Competent Authority of the Import Country is required, as well as detailed information on the date of arrival and departure and the name of the ship.


National strategies/policiesA National Strategy for the Management of Wastes is being finalized, taking into consideration all the necessary measures for the reduction of the generation of wastes, as provided in the relevant E.U legislation.

A study concerning the establishment of a hazardous wastes management site for the hazardous wastes generated in Cyprus commenced and will be finalized by 1 June 2002.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe relevant draft legislation has been prepared.

OthersIn 2001, after a contract awarded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, approximately 8 tons of laboratory wastes were collected and exported for treatment.


National strategies/policiesNot available.

117


There are no disposal facilities.

A central treatment plant treats liquid hazardous wastes produced by a number of small industrial units. Further information could be obtained from the Focal Point.


None.


Environment Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment

118


CZECH REPUBLIC



Ministry of Environment, Waste Management DepartmentVrsovicka 65, CZ-10010 Prague 10tel: (420-2) 6712-2283fax: (420-2) 6731-1545e-mail: [email protected] site: www.env.cz


National Definition

According to the Act on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll., “waste” means any movable thing in the categories set out in Annex 1 to the Act, which a person discards or intends or is required to discard.

According to the Act on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll., Decree of the Ministry of the Environment No. 381/2001 Coll., “hazardous waste” means waste featured on the List of hazardous waste and any other waste displaying one or more hazardous characteristics. List of hazardous wastes and the hazardous characteristics corresponds to the respective EU legislation. However, due to structural differences between the list of hazardous wastes and Annex I of the Basel Convention it is not possible to specify in detail which of these wastes are additional to Annex I of the Basel Convention.

This definition of hazardous waste is used for the purposes of implementing the Basel Convention amendment (ban on export for recovery to countries to which the OECD Decision does not apply).

The control procedures for other transboundary movements of waste are not based on the definition of hazardous waste, but on the system established by the respective EU legislation (Council Regulation 259/93).

Transboundary movements of all wastes (both hazardous and non-hazardous) for final disposal are controlled unless they are prohibited.

Wastes destined for recovery operations subject to transboundary movements are allocated to one of three lists – Green, Amber and Red List of Wastes. Vast majority of wastes listed in Amber and Red List normally exhibits hazardous characteristics. Wastes listed in Green List normally do not

119

exhibit hazardous characteristics.

Transboundary movements of wastes listed in Amber and Red List as well as of wastes, which have not been assigned to any of above-mentioned Lists are controlled unless they are prohibited.

Transboundary movements of wastes listed in Green List are not controlled with the exception of three items: GB030 Aluminium skimmings; GC040 Motor vehicles wrecks drained of liquids; and GK020 Used pneumatic tyres. For environmental and public health reasons, the exports and imports of these wastes are controlled, although these wastes are normally not hazardous.



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 2 603 337 **Total amount of other wastes generated 4 258 000 1)



exported5 339 2)


imported20 268 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of household wastes (Y46).

2) Consists of the total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported: 1 716 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b exported: 3 623 mt.

3) Consists of the total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) imported: 1 956 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b imported: 18 312 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Czech Republic.

Restrictions on export for final disposalCzech Republic restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll., Decree of the Ministry of Environment No. 381/2001 Coll., in force from 1 January 2002. All exports of wastes (both hazardous and non-hazardous) for final disposal are prohibited except those to EU Member countries and EFTA Countries, which are also Parties to the Basel Convention.

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Restriction on export for recoveryCzech Republic restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll., Decree of the Ministry of Environment No. 381/2001 Coll., in force from 1 January 2002.All exports of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery are prohibited to countries to which the OECD Council Decision C(92)39/FINAL does not apply. The wastes in question corresponds the relevant EU legislation.

Restrictions on import for final disposalCzech Republic restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll., in force from 1 January 2002. All imports of waste (both hazardous and non-hazardous) for final disposal are prohibited.

Restrictions on import for recoveryCzech Republic restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll., in force from 1 January 2002. All imports of waste (both hazardous and non-hazardous) for energy recovery are prohibited. All imports of waste for material recovery are prohibited except those from countries to which the OECD Council Decision C(92)39/FINAL applies and countries, which are Parties to the Basel Convention or with which the Czech Republic has concluded agreements or arrangements in accordance with Article 11 of the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on transitCzech Republic has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesState Environmental Policy (1999-2005); National Environmental Management Programme; National Eco-labelling Programme; and National Programme of Cleaner Production.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAct on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll.; Waste Management Plan of the Czech Republic; and Regional Waste Management Plans (in preparation).

Economic instruments/ initiativesFollowing programmes of the State Environmental Fund:- Programme for Promotion of Best Available Techniques (BAT);- Programme for Promotion of Environmental Management;- Programme for Decontamination and Reclamation of Old Landfills;- Programme for Promotion of Recovery and Final Disposal of Waste; and- Programme for Elaboration of Waste Management Conceptions.

Programme of the Czech Moravian Guarantee and Development Bank:- Promotion of EMAS in Small and Medium Enterprises.

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Obligatory fee for landfill of waste, consisting of basic component for depositing of waste and risk component for depositing of hazardous waste.

Obligatory financial reserve for reclamation of landfills.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsImplementation of cleaner production projects.Implementation of environmental management systems (EMS/EMAS).


National strategies/policiesState Environmental Policy (1999-2005); Waste Management Plan of the Czech Republic (in preparation); and Regional Waste Management Plans (in preparation)

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAct on Waste No. 185/2001 Coll.

Economic instruments/ initiativesFollowing programmes of the State Environmental Fund:- Programme for Elaboration of Waste Management Conceptions;- Programme for Promotion of Best Available Techniques (BAT);- Programme for Promotion of Environmental Management; and- Programme for Promotion of Recovery and Final Disposal of Waste.

Programme of the Czech Moravian Guarantee and Development Bank:- Promotion of EMAS in Small and Medium Enterprises

According to Act on Waste, obligatory financial guarantee covering the costs of re-import and disposal, when a transboundary movement cannot be completed, is required.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsImplementation of Cleaner production projects.Implementation of environmental management systems (EMS/EMAS).


Information could be obtained from “Statistical Environmental Yearbook of the Czech Republic”, edited by the Czech Statistical Office, Ministry of Environment and Czech Environmental Institute (published annually).

For further information: T.G.Masaryk Water Management Research Institute, Centre for Waste Management, Podbabská 10, CZ-16000 Prague 6.

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OECD Council Decision, C(92)39 /FINAL, concerning the control of transfrontier movements of hazardous wastes destined for recovery operations.



- Czech Cleaner Production Centre, Boticska 4, CZ-12800 Prague 2;- T.G.Masaryk Water Management Research Institute, Centre for Waste

Management, Podbabska 10, CZ-16000 Prague;- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, CZ-10042 Prague 10;

and- Czech Environmental Institute, Kodanska 10, CZ-10010 Prague 10.

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DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO



The Secretary-General for the Environment and Nature Conservation

Ministère des Affaires Foncières, Environnement et Tourisme

15 Avenue Papa ILEO, Kinshasa Gombetel: (243) 123-4390/895-2636/995-4226 (cell)fax: (243) 884-3675e-mail: [email protected]

Head, Environmental Monitoring DivisionDirection des Etablissements Humains et

Protection de l'Environnement (DEH-PE)Ministère des Affaires Foncières,

Environnement et Tourisme15 Avenue Papa ILEO, Kinshasa Gombetel: (243) 123-4390/9812-9506fax: (243) 884-3675e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Democratic Republic of Congo.


In Democratic Republic of Congo there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionDemocratic Republic of Congo is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1). Since 10 September 2001, the Minister with responsibility for the environment has been requesting the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to ratify the amendment to the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryDemocratic Republic of Congo restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Interministerial executive decision no. 019.CAB/MENIPME/MCE/96 of

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4 July 1996 regulating the market in scrap metal (document signed jointly by the Ministers with responsibility for foreign trade and the Minister with responsibility for the national economy, industry and small and medium-sized enterprises). The restriction covers ferrous scrap: steel scrap and iron smelting scrap containing over 1.7% carbon; and non-ferrous scrap: scrap metals other than the above, in particular scrap copper, cobalt, zinc, lead and aluminium, and alloys of those metals.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryHaving signed the Bamako Convention and ratification of the amendment to the Basel Convention is pending, Democratic Republic of Congo does not intend to authorize the import of any wastes whatsoever.

Restrictions on transitDemocratic Republic of Congo has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesMeasures have still not been taken in this regard. There are no standards in the area of waste management in general and hazardous wastes in particular. This is an urgent need which must be met. Democratic Republic of Congo needs the support of the Basel Convention Secretariat to do this. So far a national inventory of wastes is not carried out. Democratic Republic of Congo welcomes the start-up of the PCB inventory project in the context of the SADC countries. That project will enable Democratic Republic of Congo to produce, and to have at its disposal from now on, data on the PCB situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesA draft framework law on the environment is planned for the near future. It will contain guidelines on the management of hazardous wastes. However, so far Democratic Republic of Congo has no legislation in that regard.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsNo study has ever been carried out to determine which measures have been taken in this regard by industry.


National strategies/policiesMeasures have still not been taken in this regard. There are no standards in the area of waste management in general and hazardous wastes in particular. This is an urgent need which must be met. Democratic Republic of Congo needs the support of the Basel Convention Secretariat to do this. So far a national inventory of wastes is not carried out. Democratic Republic of Congo welcomes the start-up of the PCB inventory project in the context of the SADC countries. That project will enable Democratic Republic of Congo to produce, and to have at its disposal from now on, data on the PCB situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Disposal facilitiesThere are no facilities available.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesNo survey has been carried out in this connection so far.


None.


None.

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DENMARK

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 06.02.1994 (AA)Approval of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 10.09.1997


Danish Environmental Protection Agency Strandgade 29, 1401 Copenhagen Ktel: (45-32) 66-0100fax: (45-32) 66-0479e-mail: [email protected] site: www.mst.dk


National Definition

According to EU directive 75/442/EEC article 1 (a): waste shall mean any substance or object in the categories set out in Annex I which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard.

According to the Danish Statutory Order of Waste no 619 Hazardous waste shall mean waste featuring on the list of waste in Appendix 2 and marked as hazardous waste and which complies with the criteria mentioned in Appendices 3 and 4, as well as waste which complies with the criteria mentioned in Appendices 3 and 4.

In Annex V in Commission Decision of 24 November 1999, Denmark – as the rest of EU- has listed hazardous waste which are subject to decision II/12 of the Convention.

Waste destined to final disposal require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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http://www.mst.dk/





Total amount of other wastes generated 3 670 000Transboundary Movement


exported218 465 2)


imported105 748 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 207 532 mt + total

amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b: 79 959 mt.2) Excludes amount for import and export for RX100 waste not having both Y-code and H-code. Imported amount for

RX 100 waste not having both Y-code and H code is 322 mt. Exported amount for RX 100 waste not having both Y-code and H code is 4628 mt. RX100 wastes are those wastes which are falling under Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention and wastes which have to be notified due to national legislation. In the absence of both Y-code and H-code for a waste, it is uncertain whether it is an Article 1, Para 1(b) wastes of the Basel Convention or a non-hazardous waste.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Denmark.

Restrictions on export for final disposalDenmark restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Article 14, 1 of Council Regulations no. 259/93: All exports of waste for final disposal shall be prohibited, except those to EFTA countries which are also parties to the Basel Convention. In part 2 of this article some specifications to the disposal in the EFTA countries which has to be fulfilled otherwise the export will be banned. In exceptional cases the export of waste for final disposal according to article 4,3(a)(ii) can be accepted.

Article 8a part 1 of Statutory Order no. 264 of 3 April 2000 on changes of the Statutory Order of import and export of waste.

Restriction on export for recoveryDenmark restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is Council decision 259/93 of 1 February 1993. Export of waste for recovery between OECD countries has to be notified except waste on annex II in Council decision 259/93. Export of waste on annex V in Council decision 259/93, for recovery to Basel non-Annex VII countries is banned according to article 16 in Council Regulation 259/93.

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Restrictions on import for final disposalDenmark restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation no 259/93 article 19 which entered into force 1 February 1993.Article 8a part 1 of Statutory Order no. 264 of 3 April 2000 on changes of the Statutory Order of import and export of waste.

Restrictions on import for recoveryDenmark restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Article 21 of the EU Waste Shipment Regulation.

Restrictions on transitDenmark restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation 259/93 articles 23 and 24. The transit has to be notified.


National strategies/policiesThe Government’s National Waste Plan, Waste 21, sets out the overall strategy for waste management and introduces a series of initiatives for treatment of waste. As a result of Waste 21, Denmark has started the preparation of a national strategy for waste prevention.

The reduction and/or elimination of hazardous waste is not only based on a separate strategy but is also based on bans and phasing out of chemicals which is implemented through the national strategy of chemicals.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsEnvironmentally sound management, ISO- and EMAS- systems are widespread in industries.

New initiatives are set out in the coming strategy for waste prevention.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNational legislation is based on Council Regulation 259/93.


A complete list of the facilities could be obtained from:- Waste Base by the European Topic Center on Waste; www.etc-waste.int;

andThe annual Danish Waste Statistics; www.mst/homepage.dk (search for publications).

Bilateral, Multilateral or

OECD Council Decision C(92)39 Final; Decision of the Council concerning the control of transfrontier movements of waste destined for recovery

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http://www.mst/homepage.dk

http://www.etc-waste.int/

Regional Agreements

operations.


The available sources are:- Danish EPA, Strandgade 29, 1401 Copenhagen, Denmark. Help is

granted on ad hoc basis; and- Municipalities. Help is granted on ad hoc basis.

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DOMINICA



Chief Environmental Health OfficerEnvironmental Health DepartmentMinistry of HealthGovernment Headquarters, RoseauTel: (767) 448-2401 ext: 3468Fax: (767) 448-6086E-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

“Waste” is defined by the Solid Waste Management Act, 2002.

“Hazardous waste” is defined by the Solid Waste Management Act, 2002, schedule containing Annex I and III of the Basel Convention.


In Dominica there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exportedNo export


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.

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*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).Restrictions on Transboundary Movement

Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Dominica.

Restrictions on export for final disposalDominica restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Solid Waste Management Act, 2002.

Restrictions on export for recoveryDominica has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryDominica restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Solid Waste Management Act, 2002.

Restrictions on transitDominica restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Solid Waste Management Act, 2002.


National strategies/policiesIntroduction of organic farming. Restriction on the importation of pesticides and other chemicals through a licensing regime. Substitution of more hazardous chemicals with less hazardous ones.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesSolid Waste Management Act (2000), Environmental Health Services Act (1998), Litter Act (1990), Pesticides Control Act (1974), Water and Sewerage Act (1989), Marine Pollution Management Act (2002).

Economic instruments/ initiativesEnvironmental Levy.



None.


Disposal facilitiesNone.

All solid waste including hazardous waste is disposed of at landfill without 132

gas and leachate treatment facilities. No separation of waste exists.



None.


None.

Contact institutions for Dominica reside in the region eg. CEHI and PAHO.

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ECUADOR



Subsecretaria de Calidad AmbientalMinisterio del AmbienteAv. Eloy Alfaro y Amazonas, Edificio MAG, Piso 7, Quitotel: (593-2) 252-3269, 256-3429/3492fax: (593-2) 256-5809/3492e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] site: www.ambiente.gov.ec


National Definition

Ecuador is preparing a national definition of waste and hazardous waste to be used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste.

Ecuador is in a preparatory process to regulate/control additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Article 1 (1)b.








importedNo data


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1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1(1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45). The National Inventory on Generation of Hazardous Wastes was updated in 2000.

2) Figure refers to the total amount of household wastes (Y46).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Ecuador. The Art 90 of Constitution of the Ecuador Republic bans the import of hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryEcuador has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryEcuador restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Executive Decree, Or. No. 970 of July 2, 1992; and Art. 90 of the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, 1998. These regulations cover all hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on transitEcuador has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policies- Action Plan for the implementation of the National Regimen for

Hazardous Chemical Products;- Application of regulations about clinical wastes; and- Development of policies for cleaner production.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- National Regimen for Hazardous Chemical Products;- Regulation on clinical wastes; and- Regulations about storage, transport and use of hazardous materials.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Chemical industry is implementing the Responsible Care Program;- Implementation of the Cleaner Production Center in Ecuador; and- Some enterprises have adopted the ISO 14000 standard.


Disposal facilitiesLandfill operated by Guayaquil Municipality, Relleno Sanitario Las Iguanas Guayaquil, deposit into land (D1 operations).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesETAPA (Empresa Telecomunicaciones, agua potable, alcantarillado de la ciudad de Cuenca), Panamericana Norte Km 7 Ucubamba Cuenca, recolection and storage of used oil (R1 operations).

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None.


The available sources are:- Technical Secretariat of Dangerous Chemicals Products, Eloy Alfaro and

Amazonas Av., Building MAG, Floor 8, Quito, (5932) 563492;- Clean Production Center, Cámara de la Pequeña Industria, Centro de

Exposiciones Quito, Piso 2, Quito;- Centro de Información Toxicológica, Hospital Eugenio Espejo, Quito;- National Polytechnic University, Ladron de Guevara 253, Quito; and- Escuela Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Politécnico, Guayaquil.

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EGYPT

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 07.01.1991 (AA)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency30 Misr Helwan El-Zyrae Rd., Maadi, Cairotel: (202) 525-6442/52fax: (202) 525 6475/90e-mail: [email protected]

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Dept. of Environment and Sustainable Development)Maspiro – Corniche El Nil, Cairotel: (202) 574-7877fax: (202) 574-7939


National Definition

“Wastes” are substances or objects which are disposed of or are intended to be disposed of or are required to be disposed of by the provisions of National Law.

“Hazardous wastes” are wastes of activities and processes or its ashes which retain the properties of hazardous substances and have no subsequent original or alternative uses, like clinical waste from medical treatments or the waste resulting from the manufacture of the pharmaceutical products, drugs, organic solvents, printing materials.

Egypt is in a preparatory process to regulate/control wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention.

All wastes require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported3 880 2)


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Estimated amounts. Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a

(Annex I: Y1-Y45): 20 000 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b: 150 000 mt.

2) Clarification is pending from Egypt concerning the figure.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Egypt. The national legislation prohibits the importation of hazardous waste from any country.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryExport of hazardous waste to any country is not forbidden but restricted in accordance to the Basel Convention regulations.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryEgypt restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Egyptian Environmental Law No. 4/1994 and its Executive Regulations. The restriction covers all countries/regions.

Restrictions on transitEgypt restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Egyptian Environmental Law No. 4/1994 and its Executive Regulations. The restriction covers all countries/regions. And all hazardous wastes. Restrictions made by Suez Canal Authority and other competent authorities regarding crossing of the national waterways are applicable.

Reduction National strategies/policiesIn preparation.

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and/or Elimination of Hazardous Waste Generation

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesEgyptian Environmental Law No. 4/1994 and its Executive Regulations.

Economic instruments/ initiativesIn preparation.OthersSource separation.


National strategies/policiesIn preparation.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesExecutive Regulations for Law No. 4 for the environment.

Economic instruments/ initiativesIn preparation.


- There is a secure landfill under construction for industrial hazardous wastes in Alexandria, for D1 operations;

- Sterilization utility for clinical wastes with a landfill site has been established and operated in Cairo, secure landfill after sterilization, for D1 operations;

- Small secure landfill for special waste resulting from a chemical plant in Alexandria (mercury contaminated soil) has been established and fully occupied; secure landfill of mercury contaminated waste, for D1 operations;

- Preparation phase for some cells in the sanitary landfills in Cairo that are to be utilized for hazardous waste disposal, for D1 operations; and

- Health care waste management (HCWM), incineration, for D10 operations.


None.


The available sources are: Basel Convention Regional Centre for the Arab States for Training and Technology Transfer, P.O. Box 453, El Orman-Giza, Cairo, tel: (202) 571-9688/567-4836/38, fax: (202) 571-9687; Cairo University; Environmental Hazardous Mitigation Centre; Ain Shams University; Institute of Environment and Studies; Customs; and Suez Canal Authority.

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EL SALVADOR



Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Y Recursos NaturalesAlameda Roosevelt y 55 Avenida Norte, Edificio (Torre El Salvador), 5o NivelSan Salvadortel: (503) 260-8900 Ext. 234 or 260-5614fax: (503) 260-5614e-mail: [email protected] site: www.marn.gob.sv

Mision Permanente de El Salvador en Ginebra65, Rue de Lausanne, 1202 Genevatel: (41-22) 732-7036fax: (41-22) 738-4744e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

National Definition

Under the Environment Act, waste as well as hazardous waste are defined as "any material which is of no direct use or is permanently discarded and which, because of its chemical activity or its corrosive, reactive, inflammable, toxic, explosive, spontaneous combustion, oxidizing, infectious, bioaccumulative, ecotoxic or radioactive or other characteristics, cause danger or jeopardize human health or the environment, either per se or in contact with another waste material".


In El Salvador there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in El Salvador. Article 59 of the Environment Act prohibits the introduction of hazardous wastes into the national territory, as well as their transit, release or storage.

Restrictions on export for final disposal140


El Salvador has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal.

Restriction on export for recoveryEl Salvador restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Environment Act (13 May 1998) and the Special Regulation Relating to Hazardous Substances, Residues and Wastes (9 June 2000). Requirement for an Environmental Permit and notifications to the importing and transit country, in accordance with the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on import for final disposalEl Salvador restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Environment Act, article 59, 13 May 1998; the Special Regulation Relating to Hazardous Substances, Residues and Wastes, 9 June 2000; the Special Regulation Relating to Integrated Management of Solid Wastes, 9 June 2000; the Special Regulation Relating to Waste Water, 9 June 2000; and the Central American Regional Agreement on Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes, December 1992. The Agreement lays down a ban on imports of any type of hazardous wastes from outside the Central American region. Within the country, the Environment Act bans the introduction of hazardous wastes, including transit, release and storage in its territory.

Restrictions on import for recoveryEl Salvador restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Environment Act, article 59, 13 May 1998; the Special Regulation Relating to Hazardous Substances, Residues and Wastes, 9 June 2000; the Special Regulation Relating to Integrated Management of Solid Wastes, 9 June 2000; the Special Regulation Relating to Waste Water, 9 June 2000; and the Central American Regional Agreement on Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes, December 1992. The Environment Act prohibits the introduction, transit, release and storage of hazardous wastes in the national territory.

Restrictions on transitEl Salvador restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislations are the Environment Act, article 59, 13 May 1998; the Special Regulation Relating to Hazardous Substances, Residues and Wastes, 9 June 2000; the Special Regulation Relating to Integrated Management of Solid Wastes, 9 June 2000; and the Special Regulation Relating to Waste Water, 9 June 2000. Article 59 of the Environment Act lays down a ban on the transit of hazardous wastes through the national territory.

Reduction and/or Elimination of Hazardous

National strategies/policiesEncouragement of cleaner production by means of workshops, seminars, campaigns organized by the National Cleaner Production Centre in Coordination with the Subregional Centre for Central America and Mexico (Basel Convention)

141

Waste Generation

Application of the Environmental Assessment System to new and ongoing activities related to the use, generation, collection, storage, reuse, recycling, marketing, transport, processing or final elimination of hazardous wastes, must obtain an Environmental Permit.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Environment Act, article 59, 13 May 1998;- Special Regulation Relating to Hazardous Substances, Residues and

Wastes, 9 June 2000;- Special Regulation Relating to Integrated Management of Solid Wastes, 9

June 2000; and- Special Regulation Relating to Waste Water, 9 June 2000.

Economic instruments/ initiativesProgramme of economic and environmental incentives and disincentives being prepared.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsPreparation of environmental diagnoses in order to obtain the environmental permit, search for advisory services through the Subregional Centre for Central America and Mexico (Basel Convention) and the National Cleaner Production Centre.


National strategies/policiesEstablishment of a system for tracking hazardous substances throughout their life cycle, using a mechanized system for the management of hazardous substances, residues and wastes. Preparation of a pre-inventory of hazardous wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Environment Act, article 59, 13 May 1998;- Special Regulation Relating to Hazardous Substances, Residues and

Wastes, 9 June 2000;- Special Regulation Relating to Integrated Management of Solid Wastes, 9

June 2000; and- Special Regulation Relating to Waste Water, 9 June 2000.

Economic instruments/ initiativesProgramme of economic and environmental incentives and disincentives is being prepared.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsPreparation of environmental diagnoses in order to obtain the environmental permit, search for advisory services through the Subregional Centre for Central America and Mexico (Basel Convention) and the National Cleaner Production Centre.

Disposal/ Disposal facilitiesSan Salvador Metropolitan Area Landfill, in the “municipio” of Nejapa,

142

Recovery Facilities

compartments for the disposal of domestic solid waste, pre-treatment autoclave for infectious biological wastes (D5).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Baterias de El Salvador, recycling of lead acid batteries (R4);- Baterias de El Salvador, use of used oil as fuel (R1); and- Cemento Cessa, use of used oil as fuel (R1).


A regional agreement (Central American Regional Agreement on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes) is in force since December 1992.


The available sources are: - Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Alameda Roosevelt

y 55 Av. Nte., Edif. Torre El Salvador, San Salvador- Centro Subregional para Centro America y Mexico (Convenio de

Basilea), Alameda Roosevelt y 55 Av. Nte., Edif. El Salvador, 5o Nivel,k San Salvador

- Centro Nacional de Produccion Mas Limpia, Asociacion Salvadorena de Industriales, Col. Roma, San Salvador

- Comite de Emergencia Nacional- Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social

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ESTONIA



Commission on Import, Export and Transit of Controlled WasteMinistry of the EnvironmentToompuiestee 24, 15172 Tallinntel: (372) 626-2860/66fax: (372) 626-2869e-mail: [email protected]

[email protected]


National Definition

Waste shall mean any movable which the holder has discarded or intends or is required to discard.

Hazardous waste shall mean waste which has at least one hazardous property which may cause harm to health and the environment set out in Subsection 25(1) of the Waste Act.

Estonia regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. Estonia has transposed waste classification according to European Union Directive nr 2000/532/EC.

In Estonia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported15 850


imported85 400

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b. By Estonian

Law there is no data collection according to Y-codes. Data collected according to the European Waste Catalog.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Estonia.

Restrictions on transit and export and import for final disposal and for recoveryEstonia has no restrictions on the transit and export and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.


National strategies/policiesNational Waste Management Plan.


Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsAS Eesti Energia, as the biggest hazardous waste producer, is researching to change wet ash removing to dry.


Disposal facilitiesAS Modulvest Puskini 20-1, Narva 20307, secure landfilling (D1).

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None.


The available source is the Estonian Environmental Research Institute Centre, Marja 4d, 10617, Tallinn

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FINLAND

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 19.11.1991 (A)Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 05.06.1996


Finnish Environment InstituteEnvironmental Management Division P.O. Box 140FIN-00251 Helsinkitel: (358-9) 403-000fax: (358-9) 4030-0491e-mail: [email protected] site,: www.vyh.fiwww.vyh.fi/eng/intcoop/global/waste/tfs.htm

Ministry of the EnvironmentEnvironmental Protection DepartmentP.O. Box 35, FIN-00023 GOVERNMENT, Finlandtel: (358-9) 16-007fax: (358-9) 1603-9716e-mail: [email protected] site: www.vyh.fi

National Definition

According to Section 3 of the Finnish Waste Act (1072/1993) “Waste shall mean any substance or object which the holder discards, intends, or is required, to discard.” This definition is identical to the definition of waste in the Council Directive of the European Communities on waste (75/442/EEC, as amended by Council Directive 91/156/EEC).

According to the Waste Act (1072/1993) hazardous waste shall mean any waste which may cause particular harm to health or the environment because of its chemical or some other property. The waste definition is further defined in the Waste Decree (1390/1993). According to it, hazardous waste shall mean any waste listed in Annexes 2 and 3 of the Decree if they are referred to as hazardous waste in the list of the most common waste and hazardous wastes (Ministry of the Environment Decree 1129/2001). The Annexes 2-4 of the Waste Decree are in accordance with the Annexes I, II and III of the Council Directive of the European Communities on hazardous waste (91/689/EEC), respectively, and the above-mentioned list of wastes and hazardous wastes is based on the respective EC legislation.

The above-mentioned definition for hazardous waste is used for the purposes of implementing the Basel Convention amendment (Decision III/1). However, the necessary control procedures for transboundary movements of waste are not based on the definition of hazardous waste but on a specific waste listing system.

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http://www.vyh.fi/

http://www.vyh.fi/eng/intcoop/global/waste/tfs.htm

http://www.vyh.fi/

Wastes that are considered to be hazardous are listed in the Ministry of the Environment Decree on the List of the Most Common Wastes and of Hazardous Wastes (1129/2001). However, due to structural differences between the hazardous waste list and Annex I of the Basel Convention it is not possible to specify in detail which of these wastes are additional to Annex I. These additional wastes may contain, for example, the following constituents which potentially render wastes hazardous: certain metal compounds (like cobalt, nickel, silver, vanadium, tin), certain alkaline or alkaline earth metals (lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium in uncombined form), aromatic compounds, polycyclic and heterocyclic organic compounds, inorganic sulphides, peroxides, chlorates, perchlorate, creosotes, isocyanates or thiocyanates.

The wastes subject to control procedures when moved transboundary are defined by the Council Regulation (EEC) on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community (259/93), and the regulations issued on the basis of the said regulation. According to the said Regulation, all shipments of waste intended for final disposal (D-operations) are subject to control procedures. For wastes that are intended for recycling or recovery (R-operations) within the OECD area all other wastes except those listed in Annex II of Council Regulation 259/93 are subject to control when moved transboundary. Annex II of Council Regulation 259/93 is identical to the OECD Green list of wastes. When waste is shipped to non-OECD countries (i.e. countries to which the OECD Council Decision C(92)39 does not apply) there are also some additional control procedures for non-hazardous, Green listed wastes. These control procedures vary depending on the request by the importing country concerned.



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 1 203 000Total amount of other wastes generated 2 600 000



exported57 318 1)


imported17 832 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) It consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported:

53 844.700 mt and total amount of other wastes (Annex II: Y46-Y47) exported: 3 473.200 mt.

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2) It consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) imported: 16 925.200 mt and total amount of other wastes (Annex II: Y46-Y47) imported: 906.800 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Finland. The Decision has been in force since 1 October 1995.

Restrictions on export for final disposalFinland restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is Council Regulation (EEC) on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community (259/93). The regulation came into force in Finland on 1 January 1995. According to the Council Regulation (EEC) 259/93, all exports of waste for final disposal outside the European Community are prohibited except to those EFTA countries that are also parties to the Basel Convention. The export ban for final disposal covers both hazardous and non-hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on export for recoveryFinland restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is Council Regulation (EEC) on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community No. 259/93, as amended by 120/97. It came into force in January 1997. Wastes covered by the export ban are listed in Annex V of the Council Regulation. Basel Annexes VIII and IX were included in Annex V from 10 November 1998 (Council Regulation 2408/98). Annex V has been last amended by Commission Regulation 2557/2001. The legislation prohibits all exports of waste listed in Annex V of the Council Regulation 259/93 from Finland for recovery to “non-OECD countries” (i.e. countries to which the OECD Council Decision C(92)39 does not apply). Annex V contains wastes listed in Annex VIII of the Basel Convention, wastes included in the OECD Amber and Red waste lists (excluding certain non-hazardous wastes) as well as wastes defined as hazardous in the European Community legislation. The export ban (with slight differences in scope) has been in force in Finland from 1 October 1995.

Restrictions on import for final disposalFinland restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Government Decision on the Part of the National Waste Plan concerning Transfrontier Waste Movements (495/1998). It came into force on 1 August 1998.

According to Section 6 of Government Decision 495/1998, imports of all wastes to disposal operations D2, D3, D4, D6, D7 and D11 are totally prohibited. Imports of all wastes to disposal operations D1, D5, D10, D8, D9 are prohibited with certain exceptions. These restrictions concern both hazardous and non-hazardous wastes.


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Finland has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitFinland has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesThe National Waste Plan Until 2005, which came into force on 1 August 1998, sets targets, among other things, for the reduction of the amounts and harmful properties of waste. The Plan presents the administrative and legal, economic and informative instruments to be used in implementation. The targets are set for and the measures geared to the years 2000 and 2005. The plan has been be updated in 2002.

Regional waste management plans have been drawn out for 13 regions. The plans specify measures to be taken in the regions in order to carry out and develop the tasks provided for or regulated in or under the Waste Act. They present data on wastes and the current state of waste management, the developing targets set and measures necessary to achieve them. One of the developing targets dealt with in the plans is the minimization of generation of wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe Waste Act (1072/1993), which entered into force on 1 January 1994, introduces the general obligation to prevent waste generation and to reduce its quantity and harmfulness. In order to implement the general obligation, the Government may issue general regulations concerning the production and marketing of products. Such regulations have so far been issued for example on batteries and accumulators, ozone depleting substances, asbestos and impregnated wood.

The Environment Protection Act (86/2000) sets general regulations on the licensing of industrial facilities including waste disposal and recovery plants and major waste-generating industries. The Act aims at the reduction of the burden to the environment caused by various industrial operations as well as at the prevention of waste generation and reduction of their harmful effects. The Act replaced several previous regulations on facility licensing. According to the Act, the environment permit shall contain necessary regulations, among other things, in order to minimize the waste generated and diminish the harmful properties of wastes. The Act came into force on 1 March 2000.

Economic instruments/ initiativesThe Waste Tax Act (495/1996) came into force on September 1, 1996. The Act was amended in December 2002. According to the Act, from 1 January 2003 a State tax of 23 euros per tonne shall be paid on waste deposited at landfills operated by municipality or a body appointed by the municipality or a landfill which is operated primarily for the purpose of receiving waste by

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another party. The tax will be raised to 30 euros per tonne from 1 January 2005. Some waste types are exempt from waste tax.

Some subsidies are awarded by the government to projects aiming at environmental protection. Among waste management projects, in general, the priority is given to those projects which aim at the prevention of waste generation and the reduction of hazardousness of wastes.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsVarious industrial establishments and waste generators continuously develop their process technologies e.g. in order to eliminate generation of hazardous and other wastes. In recent years a number of industrial establishments have also created their own environmental management systems on voluntary basis, for example, in accordance with the European Community Eco-management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), ISO 14001 or branch-specific programmes such as ”Responsible Care” by the chemical industry. In December 2002, there were 41 EMAS-registered sites in Finland, and the number is continuously growing.

OthersWaste and hazardous waste minimisation are also promoted by:

- education and advisory services: it is a legal obligation for the Finnish Environmental administration (especially Finnish Environment Institute and regional environment centres) and local authorities to provide advisory services on wastes to all interested parties (industry, commerce, households etc.). Advisory services include preparation and dissemination of information material (brochures, guidebooks, websites etc.), information campaigns, on-line advise, and training courses. Advise is given on all necessary issues related to wastes and their management but the main focus nowadays is on preventive measures. Advisory services are also provided by regional waste management organisations, private companies, producer corporations and environmental NGOs.

- ecolabelling, such as Nordic Swan Label and European Union Ecolabel, research programmes and R & D projects, such as the Environmental Cluster Research Programme co-financed by several ministries and academies which aims at seeking new ways of saving the environment and natural resources and at developing them into environmentally friendly products, production technologies and infrastructure, and various R & D projects financed by the National Technology Agency TEKES (www.tekes.fi).

151

http://www.tekes.fi/


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesBesides the general targets set for waste reduction and management, the National Waste Plan has a separate section on transboundary movements of wastes. This section of the plan is binding (Government Decision 495/1998). One of the aims of this Decision is to reduce the amount of transboundary movements of wastes. To achieve this goal, it sets regulations on how the principles of self-sufficiency and proximity are implemented in waste management.


There are several facilities licensed to operate on hazardous waste disposal, recovery and recycling. A detailed list of these facilities can be obtained from the Focal Point of the Basel Convention.


Bilateral agreement between Finland and Republic of Kenya, from 7 March 1997 until further notice. The arrangement concerns import of halogenated organic compounds (belonging to Y-categories Y4, Y10, Y39, Y41, Y43) from Kenya to Finland for final disposal. Due to the fact that Kenya became a Party to the Basel Convention in year 2000 the arrangement is not necessary any more.


Several universities, research institutes and private companies. It is not possible to give an exhaustive list of them. In the following list there are governmental organizations and companies partly owned by the government, as an example of the assistance available:

- Ministry of the Environment (focal point of the Basel Convention), Contact information: P.O. Box 35, FIN-00023 Government, tel. (358 9) 16 007, fax (358 9) 1991 9716, website www.vyh.fi;

- Finnish Environment Institute: environmental research and development organization dealing, among other things, with various matters connected with wastes and their management. Finnish Environment Institute is also the competent authority responsible for the control of transboundary movements of wastes. Contact information: Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, tel. (358 9) 403000, www.vyh.fi;

- Ekokem Ltd: the major hazardous waste disposal facility in Finland comprising e.g. two high-temperature incineration plants, a physical-chemical plant and a special landfill. Ekokem Ltd possesses a lot of expertise and know-how on hazardous waste management and environmentally sound technologies. Contact information: Ekokem Ltd, P.O.Box 181, FIN-11101 Riihimäki, tel (358 10) 7551 000, fax (358 10) 7551 300, web-site www.ekokem.fi; and

- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland: Research institute having expertise on various sectors including environmental protection, waste management and non-waste technology. Contact information: VTT, P.O. Box 1000, FIN-02044 VTT, tel. (358 9) 4561, fax (358 9) 4567000, web-site www.vtt.fi

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http://www.ekokem.fi/

http://www.vyh.fi/

http://www.vyh.fi/


FRANCE



Competent Authority for Transit:

Ministère Chargé de l’EnvironnementDPPR / SDPD20 Avenue de Ségur, 75307 Paris 07 SPtel: (33-1) 4219-1556fax: (33-1) 4219-1468e-mail:[email protected] site: www.environnement.gouv.fr

There are 104 Competent Authorities for Export and Import. A complete list can be obtained from the Competent Authority for Transit or at www.environnement.gouv.fr

Same as the Competent Authority for Transit

National Definition

“Waste” shall mean any substance or object in the categories set out in annex I of the Directive CEE 75/442 from 15 July 1975, as modified, which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard.

The national definition of hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements is in accordance with EC Regulation 259/93.

France regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are the ones included in lists amber and red, and unlisted waste of the EC regulation 259/93.

In France there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported189 073 3)


imported769 458 4)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) ADEME (2000). Excluding production of waste from overseas French territories. Estimated amount. In accordance

with French national definition of hazardous waste, includes hazardous industrial waste and healthcare risk waste.2) ADEME (2000). Amount refers to municipal waste.3) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported: 111 732 mt + total

amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b exported: 70 158 mt + Y46 (Annex II): exported: 7 183 mt.4) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) imported: 180 291 mt + total

amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b imported: 589 125 mt + Y46 (Annex II) imported: 41 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in France through the EC regulation 259/93 On October 10th of 2002, the Senate approved the Basel Convention Ban Amendment. Before its ratification, it still has to be voted by the National Assembly.

Restrictions on export for final disposalFrance allows the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal to some countries only (EU and EFTA), in accordance with EU Regulation 259/93.

Restriction on export for recoveryFrance has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery other than the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on transit and import for final disposal and for recoveryFrance has no restrictions on the transit and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Reduction and/or Elimination of Hazardous

National strategies/policiesPolicies on PCB/PCT, packaging waste, batteries, vehicles, tires and electronic waste.


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Waste Generation

- Decree n° 2001-63 from January 18th on sale, use and disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated terphenyls (PCB/PCT);

- Decree No. 98-638 from July 20th 1998 about how to take into account the environment requirements in the design and the manufacturing of packaging; and

- Decree No. 99-374 from May 12th 1999 about introducing batteries in the market and their disposal.

Economic instruments/ initiativesTaxes (General tax on polluting activities) on the disposal of hazardous wastes and other wastes.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsAgreement on the treatment of end-of-life vehicles, from March 10th 1993.


National strategies/policiesEvery region must have a waste management plan for hazardous wastes; and every department must have a waste management plan for household waste.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesEnvironment code (book 5, title 4).


Information can be obtained from: ADEME (Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maitrise de l’Energie); 2 square Lafayette, BP 406, 49004, Angers Cedex.


OECD Council Decision C(2001)107/Final, multilateral agreement concerning the control of transboundary movements of wastes destined for recovery operations.

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The available sources are:- ADEME (Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maitrise de l’Energie), 2

Square Lafayette, BP 406, 49004 Angers Cedex, www.ademe.fr/anglais/vadefault.htm;

- INERIS, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halattewww.ineris.fr/en/;

- INSA-POLDEN, BP 2132, 69603 Villeurbanne Cedex www.insa-lyon.fr/Laboratoires/polden.gb.html; and

- BRGM, BP 6009, 45060 Orleans Cedex 2. www.brgm.fr/ANGLAIS/anglais.htm

The most important companies treating waste have research laboratories and also provide assistance in these fields.

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THE GAMBIA



The Executive DirectorNational Environment Agency5 Fitzgerald Street, PMB 48, Banjultel: (220) 22-4178fax: (220) 22-9701e-mail: [email protected]

Senior Programme Officer, Environmental Quality, National Environment Agency5 Fitzgerald Street, PMB 48, Banjultel: (220) 22-4178fax: (220) 22-9701e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

In The Gambia, the national definition of waste is under preparation. The Environmental Protection, Prevention of Dumping Act of 1988 which makes provisions for the prevention of dumping of industrial wastes, defines wastes as “Any form of industrial waste product or matter, whether known to be hazardous to human health or the natural environment”. However, due to technical reasons related to its implementation this Act will be replaced upon enactment of the Waste Act referred above.

The National Environment Management Act (NEMA) 1994 defines wastes as: “Waste includes any matter, whether liquid, solid, gaseous, or radioactive, which is discharged, emitted, or deposited in the environment in such volume, composition or manner likely to adversely affect the environment”.

Under the waste act that is being prepared, Hazardous Wastes Regulations are being elaborated. The definition of hazardous waste will be broader than Basel definition and will cover radio-active wastes.

The Gambia is in preparatory process to regulate/control additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. (1)b. These wastes are yet to be determined.

The Gambia is in preparatory process of identifying wastes other than those pursuant to in Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No dataTotal amount of other wastes generated 255 500 1)



exportedNo data


imported* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of household wastes (Y46).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) was ratified by the Gambia National Assembly in April 1999. Instrument of Ratification was deposited in July 2000.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryThe Gambia is in a preparatory process to restrict the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The Draft Waste Act is yet to be adopted. Bearing in mind that the Gambia does not have the facilities to treat or dispose off hazardous wastes, the decision regarding the export of hazardous wastes is not to ban, but to avoid to the extent possible. The Draft Waste Act contains provisions for this.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryThe Gambia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are Environmental Protection, Prevention of Dumping Act (1988); Bamako Convention; Basel Ban Amendment; Draft Waste Act (to be adopted). The restriction covers all countries/regions and all wastes for the disposal purposes. But for recovery purposes, countries/regions and wastes to be covered by this restriction are yet to be determined. Consideration will include availability of adequate facilities for recycling and recovery of the Waste Stream under question; and the geographic location of the particular country.

Restrictions on transitGambia restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislations are Bamako Convention and Draft Waste Act (to be adopted). Country/region and/or waste to be covered by this restriction are to be determined.

158


National strategies/policiesGambia Environmental Action Plan (1992); Gambia Waste Management Strategy (1997); and Environmental Quality Monitoring and Enforcement strategy (1997).

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNational Environment Management Act (1994); Environmental Management Discharge Permit Regulations (2001); and Environmental Quality Standards Regulations (1999).

Economic instruments/ initiativesMonthly Environmental Tax on all salaried workers; Environmental tax on all imported second hand items except used clothing; and National Environment Agency conducts an Annual National Environmental Award Scheme.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsThe Gambia Tourism Authority has embarked on a yearly award for the Most Environmentally Friendly hotel. The National Environment Agency has also embarked on a few demonstration projects to promote best practices in industry.

OthersSensitization and information campaigns under the Environmental Education and Communication Programme of the N.E.A; and Integration of Environmental Education in the school curricular at all levels.


National strategies/policiesNational Action Plan for Chemical Management.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesDraft Hazardous Wastes Regulations under the Draft Waste Management Act.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsUse of waste oil in a Clay brick kiln and the Gambia Technical Training Institute Foundry.

OthersSensitization of all relevant institutions including, health, customs, navy, port authority, the police on issues related to transboundary movements of hazardous wastes; and enlightening these institutions or their respective rules forwarding relevant documentations related to the Basel Convention.

Disposal/ Recovery

None.

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Facilities


Regional agreement: Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of Transboundary Movement and management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa. It covers all hazardous wastes including radioactive wastes.


National Environment Agency (N.E.A can provide information and or advice. However it should be noted that expertise is limited both in Government and the Private Sector in the Country).

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GEORGIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval 20.05.1999 (a)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Deputy Head of Main Department for Land Resources Protection, Waste and Chemical Substances ManagementMinistry of Environment68 a Kostava Street, 380015 Tbilisitel: (995-32) 23-0664 and 33-4082fax: (995-32) 33-3952e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

Georgia is preparing a national definition of waste and hazardous waste to be used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste.


In Georgia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Article 1 (1)a and/or Article 1 (1)b of Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exported273 409


imported935 632

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).

161


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Georgia.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryGeorgia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryGeorgia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Law of Georgia on Transit and Import of Waste into and out of the Territory of Georgia (16th of October 1997).

Restrictions on transitGeorgia restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Amendments and Supplements to the Law of Georgia on Transit and Import of Waste into and out of the Territory of Georgia (16th of October 1997).


None.


None.


None.


None.


None.

162


GERMANY



There are 40 Competent Authorities with different territorial jurisdiction. A complete list is available on request from the focal point.

Umweltbundesamt(Federal Environmental Agency)Anlaufstelle Basler ÜbereinkommenPostfach 330022D-14191 Berlintel: (49-30) 8903-3296fax: (49-30) 8903-3103e-mail: [email protected] site: www.umweltbundesamt.de

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste.

In Germany the provisions of the Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93 of 1 February 1993 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the EC (EC Waste Movement Regulation) apply, especially referring to Annexes II, III, IV and V. Annexes III and IV (Amber and Red List) regulate also some wastes not included in Art. 1 (1a) of the Basel Convention. There is also a list which specifies the wastes which are not controlled (Annex II or Green List). All wastes not included in the Annexes are controlled. Pursuant to the same Council Regulation all wastes destined for final disposal are also controlled.

163






exported320 325 1)


imported803 707 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) It consists of: hazardous wastes exported under Art 1 (1)a: 225 288 mt and Art. 1 (1)b: 52 721

mt + other wastes: 42 317 mt.2) It consists of: hazardous wastes imported under Art 1 (1)a: 371 445 mt and Art. 1 (1)b: 293 731

mt + other wastes: 138 531 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe export ban has been implemented through Art. 16 EC Waste Movement Regulation. Decision III/1 has been ratified in May 2002.

Restrictions on export for final disposalGermany restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. In Germany the provisions of the EC Waste Movement Regulation apply, especially referring to Art. 16 and 18. Entry into force: May 1994. The export of waste for final disposal into non-EU/non-EFTA countries is prohibited.

Restrictions on export for recoveryGermany restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. In Germany the provisions of the EC Waste Movement Regulation apply, especially referring to Art. 16 and 18. Entry into force: May 1994, amendment January 1998 (Implementation of III/1). The export of hazardous wastes for recovery listed in Annex V of the EC Waste Movement Regulation into all countries which do not apply OECD Council Decision C 92/39 is prohibited from January 1998.

Restrictions on import for final disposalGermany restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. In Germany the provisions of the EC Waste Movement Regulation apply, especially referring to Art. 19. Entry into force: May 1994. The Import of wastes for final disposal from non-Parties of the Basel Convention, except from OECD-countries or countries with which bilateral agreements exist, is prohibited.

164

Restrictions on import for recoveryGermany restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. In Germany the provisions of the EC Waste Movement Regulation apply, especially referring to Art. 21. Entry into force: May 1994. The Import of hazardous wastes for recovery from non-Parties of the Basel Convention, except from OECD-countries or countries with which bilateral agreements exist, is prohibited.

Restrictions on transitGermany has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesRecycling Management and Waste Act with supplementary regulations, in particular:- Battery Ordinance (1998; amended in 2001);- Waste Oil Ordinance (1987; amended in 2002);- CFC-Ordinance (1991);- Ordinance on the management of waste wood (2003)- PCB-waste Ordinance (2000);- Technical Instruction on the Management of Hazardous Waste (1991);

and- Waste Management Plans issued by the Federal States.

Federal Immission Control Act with supplementary regulations; in particular:

- Ordinance on Waste Incineration Plants (1990).

End-of-Life-Vehicle Act (2002).

Council Regulation (EEC) No 1836/93 of 29 June 1993 allowing voluntary participation by companies in the industrial sector in a Community eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS)

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsEnvironmental aspects are implemented in many German Industrial Standards (DIN). There is a “Manual on the Consideration of Environmental Aspects in Standardization and Development of New Products” (2001; DIN-Fachbericht 108; EUR 10,-)

Several thousand enterprises from different branches of industry and administration participate in the eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS). A complete list is available from the focal point or http://www.diht.de.

The German Environmental Label comprises more than 100 different product criteria (e.g. tires, copiers, paper) and several thousand labeled products. For further information see http://www.blauer-engel.de.

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http://www.blauer-engel.de/

http://www.diht.de/

OthersProgram of the Federal Government “Research for the environment” from 1997 with emphasis on environmentally sound products, reduction of littering, ecological and social causes of waste generation, waste avoidance, precautionary waste management and closed loop recycling management.

Research projects by the Federal Ministry of Research and Education on sustainable business and integrated environmental protection in several industrial branches (e.g. plastics and rubber industry, metallurgical processes, agriculture, packaging industry, foundries, food processing, textile industry, wood processing). For further information http://www.bmbf.de and http://www.fona.de.


National strategies/policiesImplementation of the principle of self-sufficiency when waste is designed for final disposal. 9 federal states have implemented an obligation for delivery of waste for final disposal to public facilities within Germany.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesImplementation of the principle of self-sufficiency when waste is destined for final disposal pursuant to Art. 3 of the German Waste Movement Act, entry into force October 1994.


Disposal facilities

In Germany about 600 approved facilities for final disposal of hazardous wastes are in operation. Additional information and a complete list are available on request from the focal point. Some major specialized facilities are listed below:

- Kali und Salz AG, Untertagedeponie Herfa-Neurode, Postfach 1061, D-36262 Heringen for D12 operations;

- Bresch Entsorgung GmbH, Leinestraße 18, D-24539 Neumünster for decomposition of equipment containing chlorofluorocarbons; http://www.bresch.de

- RWE Umwelt AG, Zweigniederlassung L.U.S., Ackerstraße, D-1968 Senftenberg for biological soil treatment; http://www.rweumwelt.com

- Nammo Buck GmbH; 16278 Pinnow; incineration of explosive substances; http://www.nammo-buck.de

- Gesellschaft zur Entsorgung von Sondermüll in Bayern mbH (GSB), Winzerstrasse 97 d, D-80797 München for D5, D8, D9 and D10/R1 operations http://www.gsb-mbh.de

Recovery/Recycling/Re-use facilities

In Germany more than 1000 facilities are in operation. More information is available on request from the focal point. Below some specialized major facilities:

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http://www.gsb-mbh.de/

http://www.rweumwelt.com/

http://www.fona.de/

http://www.bmbf.de/

- Norddeutsche Affinerie AG, Hovestr. 50, D-20539 Hamburg for R4 operations; http://www.na-ag.com

- Mineralölraffinerie Dollbergen GmbH, Bahnhofstrasse 82, D-31311 Uetze-Dollbergen for R9 operations;

- Contamex Industrieanlagen GmbH, Altenburger Str. 29, D-04617 Kriebitzsch for soil recovery (R5), http://www.contamex.de

- Nordische Quecksilberrückgewinnung GmbH, Bei der Gasanstalt 9, D-23560 Lübeck; for recovery of mercury (R4); http://www.rethmann.de

- B.U.S. Zinkrecycling GmbH, Frauensteiner Straße 81, D-09599 Freiberg; recovery of zinc (R4); http://www.berzelius.de


A general overview of sources for technical assistance and training is given below:

- Notification system: Competent authorities pursuant to Art. 5;- Identification of illegal traffic: Competent authorities, customs and police;- Environmentally sound technologies: Universities and Chambers of Trade

and Commerce: and- Waste management: Universities and Chambers of Trade and Commerce.

Further information or a complete list can be obtained from the Focal Point.


- Multilateral agreement with OECD countries, effective from 1992, regarding import and export of hazardous waste and other wastes; all wastes for recovery and final disposal;

- Bilateral agreement with Kazakhstan, effective from 1994, regarding import to Germany; (all wastes for recovery);

- Bilateral agreement with Zimbabwe, effective from 1995, regarding import to Germany; (all wastes for recovery);

- Bilateral agreement with Afghanistan, effective from November 2002, regarding import to Germany (all wastes for recovery); and

- Bilateral agreement with Kosovo (agreement with the commander of the NATO Kosovo Force (KFOR)), effective from 2000, regarding Import to Germany (wastes generated by KFOR/NATO troops).

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HUNGARY



National Inspectorate for Environment and Nature ConservationH-1027 Budapest, Feketesas u. 2tel: (36-1) 346-8301fax: (36-1) 315-0812e-mail: [email protected]

Ministry for EnvironmentH-1384 Budapest, P.O. Box 756tel: (36-1) 457-3300e-mail: [email protected] site: www.ktm.hu

National Definition

Waste shall mean any substance or object in the categories set out in Annex 1 to Act XLIII of 2000 which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard. (See attachment)

Hazardous waste shall mean waste displaying one or more of the properties listed in Annex 2 to Act XLIII of 2000 and/or containing such substances or components hazardous to health and/or the environment because of its origin, composition or concentration. (See attachment)

National definition of hazardous waste takes into account the definitions of the Hungarian legislation and the international codes e.g. OECD: Green-Amber-Red list, EWC code, IWIC definition, UN class, Basel Convention Y code etc.

As the State of Export, Hungary will not allow the generator or exporter to commence the transboundary movement until the exporter and the state of export have received the written consents of the States of Transit and Import.

Hungary regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are: Contagious wastes of animal origin

Hungary is in preparatory process of identifying wastes other than those pursuant to in Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported24 033 3)


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Total amount of hazardous wastes generated according to the Hungarian Legislation (Consist of wastes from BC

Annex I: 1 675 000 mt + Art. 1(1)b wastes: 1 717 628 mt). 2) Consists of total amount of municipal solid waste generated (demolition wastes included): 4 800 000 mt (Y46) +

residues araising from the incineration of household wastes: 113 937 mt (Y47). 3) It consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported: 18 833 mt + total

amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b exported: 2 293 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionHungary is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryHungary restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are: 2000 yearly XLIII Act on the Waste Management 17. § Put in force 01.01.2001; 102/1996 (VII.12.) Governmental Decree on the Hazardous Waste which was amended by the 98/2001. (VI.15.) for conditions of hazardous waste activities; and Governmental Decree No. 102/1996 (VII.12.), entry into force: 1st September 1996.

The permit from National Inspectorate for Environment and Nature Conservation (KFf) is necessary for the exportation of hazardous waste from the territory of the country. The permit application shall be submitted by the owner of the hazardous waste to KFf through the notification defined in Annex No.7.

The exportation of hazardous waste may only be authorized if the competent authorities of the states affected by the transportation gave their prior consent to the importation and transit transport, and the competent authority of the importing state consented to the planned treatment and certified that.

The exportation of hazardous waste from a customs free zone to a foreign country shall, from environmental aspects, fall into the same category as any

169

other exportation of hazardous waste from the territory of the country.

Restrictions on import for final disposalThe hazardous waste import to Hungary for final disposed is banned.

Restrictions on import for recoveryHungary restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are: 2000 yearly XLIII Act on the Waste Management 17. § Put in force 01.01.2001; 102/1996 (VII.12.) Governmental Decree on the Hazardous Waste which was amended by the 98/2001. (VI.15.) for conditions of hazardous waste activities; Governmental Decree No. 102/1996 (VII.12.), entry into force: 1st September 1996; and 55/1987 (X.30.) Ministerial Council.

Restrictions on transitHungary restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is Governmental Decree No. 102/1996 (VII.12.), entry into force: 1st September 1996.

The consent of KFf is necessary for the transportation of hazardous waste across the country. On the basis of the prior notification defined in Annex No. 7, KFf shall, within 30 days reckoned from the receipt of the notification, send its consent and the special conditions of transportation, if any, or the refusal of its consent and the reasons therefor, to the competent authority of the exporting country and to the exporter.

No consignment of hazardous waste, in the case of which any of the conditions in the Convention is not satisfied, may be allowed to enter the country if any of the competent authorities of the states affected by the transportation does not consent to the transportation, or the transporter is unable to produce the transport certificate defined in Annex No. 7.

Transit consignments of hazardous waste may only be unloaded, reloaded or repackaged in the territory of the country, including customs free zones, with the special licences of KFf, for reasons of preventing accidents or pollution, or for reasons of changing means of transportation.

Need to be submitted an application for the National Inspectorate for Environment and Nature Conservation in English language. See above mentioned regulations because its included all of transboundary movement permitting of wastes.


National strategies/policiesThe National Environmental Program contains 19 measures for waste reduction and recycling/reuse measures, including hazardous wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesUnless a legal rule provides otherwise, the producer shall prepare a three-

170

year waste management plan for the prevention of the generation of its hazardous wastes, for the reduction of the hazard level and the quantity of its hazardous wastes, and for the recuperation and disposal thereof.

Unless a legal rule provides otherwise, the producer of hazardous waste shall draw up a material balance in respect of each of its activities resulting in hazardous waste.

On application, the National Environmental Protection Inspectorate (hereinafter "KFf") may authorize the drawing up of the material balance in a simplified form.

Economic instruments/ initiativesThe Central Environmental Fund supports the investments which lead to reduce, eliminate, recycling or final disposal of hazardous wastes.


National strategies/policiesMore strictly control and revision on the transboundary waste applications and closed collaboration with foreign authorities concerning environmentally sound disposal of hazardous wastes.

The waste categorization became harmonized with the European Waste Catalogue and required the proper waste producers and applicants to take it into account.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAt present, a special decree for regulation of waste export/import/ transit rules for procedure and permitting way is being prepared.


Disposal facilitiesSome of the available facilities are:- Dorog Hulladékégető Kft., Address: H-2511 Dorog Pf.: 31., hazardous

waste incinerator in rotary kiln (D10);- Hulladékégető Co. Ltd. H-9025 Győr-Bácsa, hazardous waste incinerator

(rotary kiln) (D10); - Cement Factory, Address: H-7827 Beremend, tire incineration in clinker

kiln (D10); - Cement Factory, Address: H-3508 Hejőcsaba, tire incineration in clinker

kiln (D10); and- Henkel Magyarország Kft., Address: H7570 Barcs, bituminous waste and

oily rags and plastic waste incineration in Pirotherm CV-1 kiln (D10).

More information could be obtained from:

- Ministry for Environment (H-1011 Budapest, Fõ u. 44-50. Phone: 36-1-457-3300 Fax: 36-1-478-3550);

- Regional Environmental Inspectorates (12 regions competent according to located this facility);

- EIM Institute for Environmental Protection (H-1068 Budapest, Sófia u. 9. Phone: 36-1-209-1000 Fax: 36-1-209-1001); and

171

- Association of Environmental Services and Producers (H-1133 Budapest, Hegedûs Gyula u. 68. Phone/Fax: 36-1-350-7271).



None.


Some of the available sources are: - KGI - Institute for Environmental Protection, H-1068 Budapest, Szofia

str. 9.(Consulting Engineering and Workshops);- Technical University of Budapest, H-1111 Budapest, Mûegyetem

Embankment,3., Environmental protection overcourses (Education and training);

- University of Horticulture and Food Industry, Environmental Overcourse Center, H-1118 Budapest, Villányi road 29-35. (Education and training);

- Chemical Industry University of Veszprém, Environmental Protection Faculty, H-8200 Veszprém (Education and training); and

- University of Miskolc, H-3515 Miskolc, Egyetemváros (Education and training).

More information could be obtained from the Focal Point.

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Annex 1 to Act XLIII of 2000

Categories of waste

Q1 Production, service or consumption residues not otherwise specified below Q2 Off-specification products Q3 Products whose date of use has expired Q4 Materials spilled, lost or otherwise damaged, including any materials, equipment, etc.,

contaminated as a result of the accident Q5 Materials contaminated or soiled as a result of planned actions (e.g. residues from cleaning

operations, packing materials, containers, etc.) Q6 Unusable parts (e.g. reject batteries, exhausted catalysts, etc.) Q7 Substances which no longer perform satisfactorily (e.g. contaminated acids, contaminated

solvents, exhausted tempering salts, etc.) Q8 Residues of industrial processes (e.g. slag, still bottoms, etc.) Q9 Residues from pollution abatement processes (e.g. scrubber sludge, dust precipitator dust,

spent filters, etc.) Q10 Machining and finishing residues (e.g. lathe turnings, mill scales, etc.) Q11 Residues from raw materials extraction and processing (e.g. metal mining residues, oil field

slops, etc.) Q12 Adulterated materials (e.g. oils contaminated with PCBs, etc.) Q13 Any materials, substances or products whose use has been banned by a legal rule Q14 Products for which the holder has no further use (e.g. agricultural, household, office,

commercial and shop discards, etc.) Q15 Contaminated materials and substances resulting from remedial action with respect to land Q16 Any materials, substances or products which became waste and are not contained in the

above categories Annex 2 to Act XLIII of 2000

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Annex 2 to Act XLIII of 2000

List of hazardous properties

The detailed interpretation of hazardous properties, the test and measurement methods to be applied as well as the reference values to be used in evaluations are provided for in separate legal rules.

H1 'Explosive': solid, liquid, plastic or gelatinous substances and preparations which may also react exothermically without atmospheric oxygen thereby quickly evolving gases, and which, under defined test conditions, detonate, quickly deflagrate, or explode upon pressure or heating

H2 'Oxidizing': substances and preparations which exhibit highly exothermic reactions when in contact with other substances, particularly flammable substances

H3-A 'Flammable':- liquid substances and preparations having a low flash point (including extremely flammable substances and preparations)- substances and preparations which may catch fire in contact with air at ambient temperature- solid substances and preparations which may readily catch fire after brief contact with a source of ignition and which continue to burn or to be consumed after removal of the source of ignition- gaseous substances and preparations which are flammable in air at normal temperature and pressure- substances and preparations which, in contact with water or damp air, evolve flammable gases in dangerous quantities

H3-B 'Less flammable': liquid substances and preparations having a low flash point H4 'Irritant': non-corrosive substances and preparations which, through immediate, prolonged or

repeated contact with the skin or mucous membrane, can cause inflammation H5 'Harmful': substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they

penetrate the skin, may cause death or acute health risks H6 'Toxic': substances and preparations (including very toxic substances and preparations)

which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin even in small amounts may cause death or acute health risks

H7 'Carcinogenic': substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin or mucous membrane, may induce cancer or increase its incidence

H8 'Corrosive': substances and preparations which may destroy living tissue on contact H9 'Infectious': substances containing viable micro-organisms or their toxins which are known

or reliably believed to cause disease in man or other living organisms H10 'Toxic for reproduction and progeny development': substances and preparations which, if

they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin or mucous membrane, may disturb, usually prohibit reproduction or cause morphological or functional defects in the progeny or increase their incidence

H11 'Mutagenic': substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin or mucous membrane, may induce genetic defects or increase their incidence

H12 Substances and preparations which release toxic or very toxic gases in contact with water, air or an acid

H13 Substances and preparations capable by any means, after disposal, of yielding another substance, e.g. a leachate, which possesses any of the characteristics listed above

H14 'Ecotoxic': substances and preparations which present immediate or delayed risks for one or more sectors of the environment or change the state, natural ecological balance or biodiversity of the environment Annex 3 to Act XLIII of 2000

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ICELAND



Environmental and Food Agency of IcelandÁrmúli 1a, P.O. Box 8080IS-128 Reykjavíktel: (354) 585-1000fax: (354) 585-1010e-mail: [email protected] site: www.hollver.is


National Definition

According to regulation no. 805/1999, on waste, wastes are substances or objects, which individuals or legal entities decide to or are required to dispose of in a certain manner, cf. Annex I to regulation no. 184/2002 on a list of hazardous wastes and other wastes.

According to regulation no. 806/1999, on hazardous wastes, hazardous wastes are wastes marked with an asterisk * in Annex I of the regulation no. 184/2002, on a list of hazardous wastes and other wastes, and also other wastes which exhibit one or more properties listed in the Annex III to regulation No. 184/2002.

National legislation, cf. regulation no. 184/2002 , is in accordance with Commission Decisions 2001/118/EC, 2001/119/EC and Council Decision 2001/573/EC.

In Iceland there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported1 307


imported* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to the total amount of household wastes (Y46).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionIceland is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryIceland restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is Regulation (EEC) 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the EC (and EEA), has been in force since its implementation by regulation No. 377/1994.

All exports of waste for disposal are prohibited except to EFTA countries and Member States of the European Community (Regulation no. 377/1994, cf. Article 14 in Regulation 259/93/EEC).

Exports for recovery are prohibited except to countries to which the OECD decision applies, countries which are Parties to the Basel Convention and/or countries with which Iceland has concluded bilateral agreements (cf. Article 16 in Regulation (EEC) 259/93); and all exports of wastes to ACP States are prohibited. Hazardous wastes are only exported from Iceland to countries to which the OECD decision applies.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryIceland restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is Regulation (EEC) 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the EC (and EEA), has been in force since its implementation by regulation No. 377/1994.

Imports of wastes for disposal are prohibited except from EFTA countries 176

and Member States of the European Community, countries which are Parties to the Basel Convention or countries which Iceland has concluded bilateral agreements (cf. Article 19 in Regulation (EEC) 259/93).

Imports of waste for recovery are prohibited except from countries to which the OECD decision applies, countries which are Parties to the Basel Convention and/or countries which Iceland has concluded bilateral agreements (cf. Article 21 in Regulation (EEC) 259/93).

Restrictions on transitIceland restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is Regulation (EEC) 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the EC (and EEA), has been in force since its implementation by regulation No. 377/1994. Notification to competent authorities is required (cf. Articles 12, 23 and 24 in Regulation (EEC) 259/93).


National strategies/policiesProduction of hazardous wastes and other wastes shall be reduced as much as

possible. Reuse and recovery shall be encouraged to reduce the amount of waste for disposal. The use of economic instruments shall be increased for achieving these goals. Certain activities are required to submit green accounts.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Act No. 7/1998, on hygiene and environmental control;- Regulation No. 805/1999, on waste;- Regulation No. 806/1999, on hazardous wastes;- Regulation No. 809/1999, on waste oils;- Regulation No. 609/1996, on packaging and packaging waste; and- Regulation No. 785/1999, on operating licences for activities that can

cause pollution, prescribes the use of best available techniques.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsImplementation of environmental management systems.


National strategies/policiesWastes for which necessary facilities exist, within the country, for treatment

in an environmentally sound and efficient manner, shall not be subject to transboundary movement. Certain activities are required to submit green accounts.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Act No. 7/1998, on hygiene and environmental control;- Regulation No. 805/1999, on waste;- Regulation No. 806/1999, on hazardous wastes;- Regulation No. 809/1999, on waste oils;- Regulation No. 609/1996, on packaging and packaging waste; and- Regulation No. 785/1999, on operating licences for activities that can

177

cause pollution, prescribes the use of best available techniques.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsImplementation of environmental management systems.


Disposal facilities- Sementsverksmiðjan hf. v/Mánabraut, IS-300 Akranes, cement factory,

for D10 operations; and- Efnamóttakan hf, Gufunes, IS-132 Reykjavík, for D14 and D15

operations.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Sementsverksmiðjan hf. v/Mánabraut, IS-300 Akranes, cement factory,

for R1 operations;- Íslakk hf., Smiðjuvegur 11e, IS-200 Kópavogur, distillation, for R2

operations;- Efnamóttakan hf, Gufunes, IS-132 Reykjavík, for R13 operations;- Fura ehf., Markhellu 1, IS-220 Hafnarfjörður, for R13 operations;- Hringrás ehf., Klettagörðum 9, IS-104 Reykjavík, for R13 operations; and- Sagaplast ehf, Réttarhvammi 3, IS-603 Akureyri, for R13 operations.


None.


The available sources are:- Environmental and Food Agency of Iceland, Ármúli 1a, IS-128

Reykjavík; and- Reykjavík Fire Brigade, Skógarhlíð 14, IS-101 Reykjavík.

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INDONESIA



Environmental Impact Management Agency (BAPEDAL)B – Building, 2nd Floor, D.I. Panjaitan Kav. 24Kebon Nanas – East Jakarta (13410)tel: (62-21) 858-0102/03fax: (62-21) 858-0101

Directorate of Hazardous Waste and Substance Management

A – Building, 5th floor, D.I. Panjaitan Kav. 24Kebon Nanas – East Jakarta (13410)tel: (62-21) 8590-4932fax: (62-21) 8590-4932

National Definition

Act No. 23/97 regarding Environmental Management and Governmental Regulation Number 18/1999 juncto Governmental Regulation Number 85/1999 regarding hazardous waste management define waste as the residue of a business and/ or activity.

Act No. 23/97 and Governmental Regulation No. 18/1999 juncto Governmental Regulation Number 85/1999 regarding Hazardous Waste Management define hazardous waste as the residue of a business and/or toxic material which due to its nature and/or concentration and/or amount, directly as well indirectly, can pollute and/or damage the environment, and/or endanger the environment, health, the continuation of human life and other living creatures.

Indonesia regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. The Government Regulation No. 85/1999 regarding Hazardous Waste Management lists these wastes:Table 1: List of hazardous waste from non-specific sources;Table 2: List of hazardous waste from specific sources; and Table 3: list of hazardous waste from overdue chemicals that are expired, spilled package residue or off-specific action products.

Article 8 of the Governmental Regulation No. 85/1999 regarding Hazardous Waste Management states that waste that is not included in Table 2 but identified as hazardous waste if contained one or more of the following characteristics: explosive, flammable, reactive, toxic, infectious, and/or corrosive, require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement. These wastes require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

179






exported1 974


imported61 069



Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Indonesia. However, the import of used lead acid batteries is allowed up to September 2002.

Restrictions on export for final disposalIndonesia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. To supervise hazardous waste exports, the Indonesian Government has issued policies as it is written in Article 53 PP 18 Jo. PP 85/1995 and the Basel Convention, which states that waste exports are allowed as long as the shipment of wastes receives a written permission from the competent authority of the destination country and BAPEDAL (competent authority).Other legislations are:

- Minister of Industry and Trade, Letter of Decree No. 228/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Export Regulations;

- Minister of Industry and Trade, Letter of Decree No. 259/KMK.01/1997 on Export Custom Procedures;

- Law of the Republic of Indonesia (UU.RI.) No. 23/1997 on Environmental Management (Article 43 and 49);

- Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 10/1995 on Custom Regulation; and

- Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia (PP) No. 18/1999 Jo. PP 85/1999 on Hazardous Waste Management (article 64).

This restriction covers all countries/regions.

Restriction on export for recoveryIndonesia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. Article 53 in Government Regulation No 18/1999 Jo 85/1999 regarding Hazardous Waste Management states that exports are allowed as long as the shipment of wastes receive a written permission from the competent authority of the destination country and BAPEDAL is the

180

competent authority of the Indonesian Government.

Restrictions on import for final disposalIndonesia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are:

- Article 21, 43 and 49 of the Act No. 23/1997 regarding Environmental Management;

- Decree Letter of Minister of Industry and Trade No. 229/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Regulations Import;

- Decree Letter of Minister of Industry and Trade No. 230/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Regulated Import Goods;

- Decree Letter of Minister of Industry and Trade No. 231/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Waste Importing Procedures;

- Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 10/1995 on Custom Regulation; and

- Article 64 and 53 in Government Regulation No. 18/1999 Jo. 85/1999 on Hazardous Waste Management.

This restriction covers all countries/regions. Wastes that are prohibited to be imported according to existing regulations are:

- Wastes listed in Appendix I PP85/1999 on Hazardous Waste Management;

- Hazardous Wastes with characteristics specified in Article 7 Sub Article 3 PP 85/1999 on Hazardous Wastes Management;

- Wastes that have been discovered to have acute and chronic characteristics after toxicological test specified by Article Sub Article 4 PP 85/1999 on Hazardous Wastes Management;

- Wastes listed in Annex I, II, and VIII and exhibiting characteristics listed in Annex III of the Basel Convention;

- Wastes in the form of dust and mud/paste/sludge as it is written in Article 4 Minister of Industry and Trade Letter of Decree No. 231/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Waste Importing Procedures; and

- Plastic Wastes as specified in the Appendix of Minister of Industry and Trade Letter of Decree No. 230/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Regulated Imported Goods.

The following are some waste import policies that the Indonesian Government has implemented:

- Prohibition of all hazardous waste imports, except for used car-battery wastes, starting on September 2002;

- Starting on September 1997, prohibition on issuing permits for any types of business or activities that uses hazardous wastes imports. Starting on January 1998, prohibition of hazardous wastes imports, including used car-batteries, from countries that are registered in the Basel Convention Annex VII (OECD, EC, Liechtenstein); and

- Car-batteries imports are allowed only from developing countries that are members of the Basel Convention, and other developing countries trough bilateral, multilateral and regional agreements.

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Restrictions on import for recoveryIndonesia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are:

- Article 21 of the Act No. 23/1997 prohibits importing of toxic and hazardous waste;

- Minister of Industry and Trade, Letter of Decree No. 229/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Import Regulations;

- Minister of Industry and Trade, Letter of Decree No. 230/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Regulated Import Goods;

- Minister of Industry and Trade, Letter of Decree No. 233/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Waste Importing Procedures;

- Law of the Republic of Indonesia (UU.RI.) No. 23/1997 on Environmental Management (Article 43 and 49);

- Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 10/1995 on Custom Regulation ; and

- Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia (PP) No. 18/1999 Jo. PP 85/1999 on Hazardous Waste Management (article 64).

This restriction covers all countries/regions. Wastes that are prohibited to be imported according to existing regulations are:

- Wastes listed in Appendix I PP85/1999 on Hazardous Waste Management;

- Hazardous Wastes with characteristics specified in Article 7 Sub Article 3 PP 85/1999 on Hazardous Wastes Management;

- Wastes that have been discovered to have acute and chronic characteristics after toxicological test specified by Article Sub Article 4 PP 85/1999 on Hazardous Wastes Management;

- Wastes listed in Annex I, II, and VIII and exhibiting characteristics listed in Annex III of the Basel Convention;

- Wastes in the form of dust and mud/paste/sludge as it is written in Article 4 Minister of Industry and Trade Letter of Decree No. 231/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Waste Importing Procedures; and

- Plastic Wastes as specified in the Appendix of Minister of Industry and Trade Letter of Decree No. 230/MPP/KP/07/1997 on Regulated Imported Goods.

The following are some waste import policies that the Indonesian Government has implemented:

- Prohibition of all hazardous waste imports, except for used car-battery wastes, starting on September 2002;

- Starting on September 1997, prohibition on issuing permits for any types of business or activities that uses hazardous wastes imports. Starting on January 1998, prohibition of hazardous wastes imports, including used car-batteries, from countries that are registered in the Basel Convention Annex VII (OECD, EC, Liechtenstein); and

- Car-batteries imports are allowed only from developing countries that are members of the Basel Convention, and other developing countries trough bilateral, multilateral and regional agreements.

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Restrictions on transitThough there are no restrictions on transit, Article 53 paragraph (2) and (3) on the transportation of toxic and hazardous waste trough Indonesia’s territory, states that the transit must have license from BAPEDAL.


National strategies/policiesIn ISO 14001 – “Environmental Management System” – specification with guidance is in use. Waste generator will be evaluated by auditor.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesArticle 19 paragraph (1) of Government Regulation No. 18/1999 Jo 85/1999.

Economic instruments/ initiativesIn the Act of Republic of Indonesia No 23/1997, regarding Environmental Management and Environmental Pollution included both criminal and economical sanctions such as, in article 43 mentioned “any person who in violation of applicable legislation intentionally releases or disposes of substances, energy and/or other components which are toxic or hazardous onto or into land, into the atmosphere or the surface of water, import, export, trades in, transport, stores such material, operates a dangerous installation, whereas knowing or with good reason to suppose that the action concerned can give rise to environmental pollution and/or damage or endanger public health or the life of another person is criminally liable to a maximum of six years imprisonment and a maximum fine of Rp. 300.000.000 (three hundred million rupiahs).

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsWith the partnership program in the hazardous waste management (Kendali Program), 141 industries comply with Indonesian Regulation. 15% of these industries treat their own waste by the existing technology and 73% of industries send their wastes to the treatment facility (WMI company).


National strategies/policiesThe implementation of notification system for controlling export and import of hazardous waste under the Basel Convention.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe implementation of procedure for export and import of hazardous waste under the National Regulation.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsComply with Indonesian Regulation and Provisions of the Basel Convention for export and import of hazardous wastes.

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Disposal facilitiesPT. PPLI (Hazardous Waste Treatment Center), Jl. Raya Narogong, Desa Nambo, P.O. Box 18, Cileungsi – Bogor, tel: (62-21) 867-4042, fax: (62-21) 867-4043; treatment and disposal of hazardous waste: specially engineered landfills (e.g. placement into lined concrete cells which are capped and isolated from one another and the environment); stabilization/solidification; and incineration (D5).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSome of the available facilities are:- PT. WGI (Wiraswasta Gemilang Indonesia Ltd.), Ds. Gandamekar 24

Cibitung Bakagi, used oil re-refining (R9);- PT. IMLI (India Eramulti Logam Industri Ltd.), Jl. Bodro No 7, Surabaya,

tel: (62-21) 563-0990, recycling of used lead batteries (R4);- PT. Non Ferindo Utama, Jl. Raya Manis II/I Tangerang, tel: (62-21) 522-

0892, recycling of used lead batteries (R4); and- PT. Mulitomas, Jl. Otto Iskandar Dinata 149, Jakarta, tel: (62-21) 893-

4987, recycling of used lead batteries (R4).



None.


The available sources are:- Basel Convention Regional Centre in Indonesia, Puspitek Complex-

Environmental Management Centre-Pusarpedal, Jl. Raya Serpong Tangerang, Jakarta 13410, Indonesia, tel. : + 62 21 85 90 61 67/75 87 20 34; Fax: + 62 21 85 90 499 23;

- Directorate of Hazardous Waste and Substance Management, 5th floor, Jl. Di Panjaitan Kav 24, Jakarta;

- Directorate of Customs, Jl. A. Yani, Jakarta; and- Department of Industry and Trade.

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IRELAND



“Competent Authority of Destination” and “Competent Authority of Transit”:

Environmental Protection AgencyP.O. Box 3000, Johnstown Castle EstateCo Wexfordtel: (353-53) 60-600fax: (353-53) 60-699e-mail: [email protected] site: www.epa.ie

The “Competent Authority of Destination” and “Competent Authority of Transit” in respect of the import of waste into, or passage of waste in transit through, the State is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

The “Competent Authority of Dispatch” in respect of the export of waste from the State, is the local authority in whose functional area the waste is held immediately prior to export. A list of local authorities could be obtained from the Focal Point.

Waste Infrastructure and Regulations SectionDepartment of the Environment and

Local GovernmentCustom House, Dublin 1tel: (353-1) 888-2466fax: (353-1) 888-2014e-mail: [email protected] site: www.environ.ie

National Definition

Section 4(1)(a) of the Waste Management Act, 1996 defines waste to mean any substance or object belonging to a category of waste specified in the First Schedule (of the Act), or for the time being included in the European Waste Catalogue which the holder discards or intends to or is required to discard, and anything which is discarded or otherwise dealt with as if were waste shall be presumed to be waste until the contrary is proved.

Section 4(2)(a) of the Waste Management Act, 1996 defines hazardous waste to mean a waste specified in the European Waste Catalogue/ Hazardous Waste List (EWC/HWL), which has one or more hazardous properties specified in the Second Schedule of the Act.

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http://www.epa.ie/

The Minister for the Environment and Local Government may prescribe a waste which is not specified in the HWL if it has one or more hazardous properties specified in the Second Schedule of the Act.

In accordance with Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93, as amended, all shipments of waste for disposal are controlled. Waste destined for recycling within the OECD area, which are listed in Annex III (Amber List) or Annex IV (Red List) are subject to control. Waste not listed in Annex II (Green list) III or IV is subject to controls in accordance with the procedure for Annex IV waste.



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No dataTotal amount of other wastes generated 1 252 595 1)



exported132 089 2)


imported1 501 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Amount refers to Y46. Data from National Waste Database Reports 1995 and 1998 (household

waste collected) and Local Authority Survey and Recycling Organisations Survey for 2000 (household waste collected). The quantity of waste generated under Y47 is nil.

2) Refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported.3) Refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) imported.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionIreland has yet to formally ratify the Amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1). However, as a member of the European Community (EC) Ireland is bound by Article 16 of Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community, as amended by Council Regulation (EC) 120/97, which implements the ban.

Restrictions on export for final disposalIreland restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. As a member of the European Community (EC) Ireland is bound by Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93, as amended on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community. Article 14 prohibits the export of waste for disposal outside the

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EU except to EFTA (European Free Trade Agreement) States, which are Parties to the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on export for recoveryIreland restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. As a member of the European Community (EC) Ireland is bound by Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93, as amended on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community.

Restrictions on import for final disposalIreland restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. In accordance with Article 19 of Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93, as amended, on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community, the importation of wastes for final disposal is only permitted from other EU Member States, EFTA Countries which are Parties to the Basel Convention and countries with which bilateral agreements exist.

Restrictions on import for recoveryIreland restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. In accordance with Article 21 of Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93, as amended, on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community, the importation of waste for recovery may only be permitted from countries to which OECD Decision C (92)/39 Final applies, other countries which are parties to the Basel Convention and /or which have concluded bilateral agreements with the EC or the individual Member State.

Restrictions on transitIreland restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. Articles 12, 23 and 24 of Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93, as amended on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community.


National strategies/policiesLocal Authority Waste Management Plans (since 1998)Responsible: Local authoritiesUnder the Waste Management Act, 1996, all local authorities are required to prepare and implement a Waste Management Plan. These plans include objectives in relation to prevention and minimization of wastes. They also include objectives in relation to the recovery of waste.

National Hazardous Waste Management Plan Responsible: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Under the Waste Management Act, 1996, the EPA is required to prepare a Hazardous Waste Management Plan for the country. This plan, which was published on 5 July 2001, has regard to the prevention and minimization of hazardous waste and sets objectives and, where appropriate, targets in relation to the prevention and the minimization of hazardous waste, the

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minimization of the harmful nature of such waste and the recovery of hazardous waste.

“Preventing and Recycling Waste: Delivering Change”The policy statement on the prevention and recycling of waste, Preventing and Recycling Waste: Delivering Change, published in March 2002, addresses in detail the factors and practical considerations that are relevant to the achievement of Government policy objectives for the prevention of waste and for the re-use and recycling of the waste that is produced. The policy statement specifically - highlights the necessary disciplines that must be imposed within waste

management systems to secure real progress on waste prevention, re-use and recovery;

- outlines a range of measures that will be undertaken in the interests of minimising waste generation and ensuring a sustained expansion in re-use and recycling performance;

identifies issues and possible actions which require further systematic consideration.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesIntegrated Pollution Control Licensing (since 1994)Responsible: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Under the Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1992, the EPA is responsible for Integrated Pollution Control licensing of scheduled activities. These include all major manufacturing activities in the country. Each license contains a specific condition relating to the establishment of an Environmental Management System (EMS). Through the EMS the license must assess all operations and review all practicable options for the use of cleaner technology, cleaner production and the reduction and minimization of the waste at the facility.

Waste Licensing (since 1997)Responsible: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Under the Waste Management Act, 1996, the EPA is responsible for licensing scheduled waste recovery and disposal activities. Each license requires that the licensee establish an Environmental Management System (EMS). The EMS provides a mechanism for ongoing improvement in environmental performance by the licensee. For instance, transfer stations are required to introduce or extend recycling of wastes handled by the facility. Landfill site operators are required to provide for recycling of wastes such as construction and demolition waste, to assess and introduce, if possible, the utilization of landfill gas, and to introduce methods for the recovery of sewage sludge.

Packaging Regulations (1997)Responsible: Local authoritiesThe Waste Management (Packaging) Regulations, 1997, impose obligations on persons and businesses which supply packaging (i.e. packaging materials, packaging or packaged goods) to the Irish market, whether as retailers, packers, fillers or manufacturers. The Regulations require suppliers to either participate in an approved packaging waste recovery scheme or to implement

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steps themselves to assist the recovery of packaging waste.

Economic instruments/ initiativesCleaner Production Pilot Demonstration Programme (June 1997)Responsible: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)This programme, administered on behalf of the Department of the Environment and Local Government by the EPA, was established to promote a more environmentally friendly approach to production in the manufacturing and services industries in Ireland.

Cleaner Greener Production ProgrammeResponsible: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Under the National Development Programme 2000-2006, grant aid is available to selected businesses which seek to improve their environmental performance and are willing to publicise their results. For more info: www.ctc-cork.ie/cgpp

Demonstration Scheme for the Development of Environmentally Superior Products (1999)Responsible: Enterprise IrelandA grant-assisted pilot demonstration scheme which was operated by Enterprise Ireland and directed towards indigenous small to medium sized enterprises engaged in manufacturing.

Environmentally Superior Products InitiativeResponsible: Enterprise IrelandContinuing on from the Demonstration scheme for the development of Environmentally Superior Products, this initiative is aimed at improving the environmental and hence business performance of Irish SME manufacturing industry. It also aims to improve the strategic capability of SME's through the exploitation of the market for ESP's.

European Union Eco-Labelling SchemeResponsibility: National Standards Authority of IrelandResponsible: National Standards Authority of IrelandThe objectives of the scheme are to promote the design, production, marketing and use of products which have a reduced environmental impact during their life-cycle; and to provide consumers with better information on the environmental impact of products and to encourage preferential consideration of eco-labelled products in purchasing decisions.

Environmental Audit and Waste Minimisation GrantsResponsible: Enterprise IrelandThis grant scheme provides assistance to manufacturing industry to enable firms to engage consultants to carry out environmental audits of their activities. The aim of the scheme is to improve the environmental performance of Irish industry while at the same time maintaining business competitiveness. The scheme is operated by Enterprise Ireland with the support of funds made available through the European Union.

Environmental Management System Grant SchemeResponsible: Enterprise Ireland

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http://www.ctc-cork.ie/cgpp

This grant scheme provides financial assistance to small and medium sized indigenous Irish manufacturing industries to enable them to engage independent consultants to support and train the company’s management in the installation and running of an Environmental Management System.

Phased Implementation of an Environmental Management SystemResponsible: IPC/National Standards Authority of IrelandThis project PI-EMS aims to assist SMEs in incrementally achieving certification to ISO14001 through five levels of achievement of environmental performance. The project is aimed at those companies who may have been reluctant to implement environmental management systems for reasons such as lack of resources, lack of expertise, more pressing business imperatives, lack of directions and fear of failure.

Environmental Awareness ProgrammeResponsible: Department of the Environment and Local GovernmentThis programme is aimed at encouraging the identification of environmental sustainable behaviour through the undertaking of a campaign of public information and awareness of environmental issues.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIndividual measures taken by industries and waste generators in accordance with Environmental Management Systems established under IPC and waste licenses issued by the EPA.

OthersEnvironmental Research, Technological Development and Innovation Programme (2000-2006)Responsible: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Under the National Development Programme (2000-2006), proposals are invited for applied research and for demonstration projects leading to the development of new systems, models, instruments and techniques as well as contributing data and information to assist policy and decision making. For more info: www.ipa.ie/r_d/default.htm


National strategies/policiesThe National Hazardous Waste Management Plan recommends that Ireland strive for self- sufficiency in the recovery and disposal of hazardous waste. As infrastructure for the disposal (in particular) of hazardous waste is developed, the quantity of hazardous waste being exported is expected to decrease.


Disposal facilitiesSome of the facilities available are:- Dempsey Drums Ltd, Lower Oriel Street, Dublin 1, reconditioning and

recycling of steel and plastic drums and containers (D15);- Pipe and Drains Services, Sheriff Street, Dublin 1, separation of

components of oily sludges and ink cartridges (D4, D9, D13, D14, D15);- Returnbatt Ltd, Kildare Enterprise Centre, Melitta Road, Kildare,

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separation of components of lead acid batteries, storage of other batteries (D15);

- Shannon Environmental Services, Smithstown Industrial Estate, Shannon, Co. Clare, storage and processing of industrial and commercial chemical and other waste, (D8, D9, D13, D14, D15); and

- Southern Health Board, Cork University Hospital, Cork, disposal of healthcare risk waste (D9).

Waste Licences issued by the Environmental Protection Agency are available on www.epa.ie

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSome of the facilities available are:- Atlas Oil Laboratories Ltd, Clonminam Industrial Estate, Portlaoise, Co.

Laois, use of heat for the manufacture of fuel from waste (R9);- Dempsey Drums Ltd, Lower Oriel Street, Dublin 1, reconditioning and

recycling of steel and ploastic (R4, R5, R13);- Irish Lamp Recycling, Athy, Co. Kildare, separation of components of

fluorescent lamps (R4, R5);- Pipe and Drain Services, Sheriff Street, Dublin 1, separation of

components of oily sludges and ink cartridges (R3,R4,R5, R7, R9, R13); and

- Returnbatt Ltd, Kildare Enterprise Centre, Melitta Road, Kildare, separation of components of lead acid batteries, storage of other batteries (R4, R13).

Waste Licences issued by the Environmental Protection Agency are available on www.epa.ie


None.


The available sources are:Environmental Protection Agency, PO Box 3000, Johnstown Castle Estate, Co. Wexford; local authorities; Department of the Environment and Local Government; Enterprise Ireland, Glasnevin; and Health & Safety Authority.

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ISRAEL



Head, Hazardous Substances Division Ministry of the EnvironmentP.O. Box 33043, Jerusalem 91340tel: (972-2) 655-3765fax: (972-2) 655-3763e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

Materials should be discarded in compliance with the decisions of the General Director of the Ministry of the Environment.

National definition of hazardous wastes for the purpose of transboundary movements is as defined in the Hazardous Substances Law or by the Basel Convention.


In Israel there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported9 030 2)


imported5 794 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I; Y1-Y45).3) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) is not ratified, however, it is being implemented fully.

Restrictions on export for final disposalIsrael restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Hazardous Substances Regulations (Export and Import of Hazardous Waste), 1994, which prohibits the import and export of hazardous waste for disposal. The restriction covers all hazardous wastes.

Restriction on export for recoveryIsrael restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Hazardous Substances Regulations (Export and Import Of Hazardous Waste), 1994. These regulations call for a permit to export waste for recovery. The permit may specify requirements and restrictions. Exports are permitted to OECD/EC countries, which are Parties to the Convention. The restriction covers all hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on import for final disposalIsrael restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Hazardous Substances Regulations (Export and Import of Hazardous Waste), 1994, which prohibits the import and export of hazardous waste for disposal. The restriction covers all hazardous wastes.


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Israel restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Hazardous Substances Regulations (Export and Import of Hazardous Waste), 1994. These regulations call for a permit to import waste for recovery. The permit may specify requirements and restrictions. Imports are permitted from developing countries, which are Parties to the Convention. The restriction covers all hazardous wastes. Israel approves the import of hazardous wastes for recycling only from non-OECD countries which are Parties to the Convention.

Restrictions on transitIsrael has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesA policy for waste reduction was adopted. More permits were issued for recycling and reuse of hazardous waste. The Ministry of the Environment encourages reduction, recycling and reuse of hazardous waste.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesIn preparation.

Economic instruments/ initiativesThe Ministry of the Environment funded up to 40% of the cost for industry (facilities) that invested in hazardous waste reduction.


National strategies/policiesThe policy adopted for hazardous waste reduction is relevant here as well. Some processes were approved by the Ministry for the treatment and/or recycling of hazardous wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesIn preparation.

Economic instruments/ initiativesFund was given for the pilot development of waste treatment for solid peroxides and oxidants.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsA technology was developed for the recycling of lithium batteries in Israel.


Disposal facilities- Environmental Services Company Ltd., Ramat Hovav P.O.B. 5743, Beer-

Sheva 84156; tel.: (972-8) 650-3700; website: www.enviro-services.co.il; e-mail: [email protected], treatment of hazardous wastes by best available technology (D1, D4, D5, D9, D14, D15);

- Ecosol, Ramat Hovav, incinerator for hazardous wastes (D10, D13, D14, D15); and

- Lapidot, Helez, deep well injection (used caustic soda from oil refineries)

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(D3).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSome of the available facilities are:- Liran, Rishon Letzion, solvent reclamation (R2);- Petrochim, Ashdod, solvent reclamation (R2);- Teva Factories (Pharmaceutics), solvent reclamation (R2);- M.T.A. Recycling Technologies, Jerusalem, solvent reclamation (R2);

and- Tabib, Petah Tikva, Ammoniacal copper recycling (R4) and column

regeneration.

There 23 facilities in the country. A complete list could be obtained from the Competent Authority.


None.


The available sources are:Hazardous Materials Training Center (MOE); Ministry of Labor (Safety & Hygiene Institution); Hebrew University, Jerusalem; Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva; Technion (Israel Institute of Technology), HaifaHazardous Materials Division (MOE); and Hydrological Service (Water Governorship)

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ITALY



Competent Authority for Transit:

Ministero dell’AmbienteServizio per la gestione dei rifiuti e per le bonificheVia C. Colombo 44, 00147 Rometel: (3906) 5722-5201 and 5722-5216fax: (3906) 5722-5291

There are 39 Competent Authorities for Export and Import. A complete list can be obtained from the Competent Authority for Transit or from the Focal Point.

Ministero Degli Affari EsteriD.G.A.E. Segreteria Ambiente, Rometel: (3906) 3691-2702fax: (3906) 322-2851

National Definition

The national definition of waste is in accordance with the Legislative Decree No. 22/97 and Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93 adopted from Council Directive 75/442/EEC on Waste.

The general definition of hazardous waste is set by the DLGS No. 22/97 adopting the Council Directive 91/689/EEC. For the purpose of transboundary movements, the lists of Council Regulation 259/93 are adopted.

Italy regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes include all the wastes that are listed in the EEC/259/93 Annexes III and IV.

In Italy there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported234 182 1)


imported1 003 895 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported: 117 266 mt + total

amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b exported: 84 073 mt + total amount of other wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47) exported: 32 843 mt.

1) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) imported: 16 337 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b imported: 987 558 mt


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Italy.

Restrictions on export for final disposalItaly restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93. All exports of waste for disposal are banned outside the EFTA countries.

Restriction on export for recoveryItaly restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EC) No. 120/97. The restriction covers all the wastes that are listed in the EEC/259/93, Annex V, outside the OECD countries.

Restrictions on import for final disposalItaly restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The restriction covers hazardous wastes as per Council Regulation (EEC) 259/93 from non-EFTA countries, from countries that did not ratify the Basel Convention or that do not have bilateral agreements with Italy or EU.

Restrictions on import for recoveryItaly restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The restriction covers hazardous wastes as per EEC/259/93 from non-OECD countries, from countries that did not ratify the Basel Convention or that do not have bilateral agreement with Italy or EU.


Italy has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.



Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesDitta Chimet S.p.A, Via dei Laghi 31/33 Badia al Pino, Civitella in Val di Chiana (AR), for R4, R8 and R13.


None.


None.

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JAPAN



Director, Office of Waste Disposal Management, Ministry of the Environment1-2-2 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-kuTokyo 100-8975tel: (81-3) 5501-3157fax: (81-3) 3593-8264e-mail: [email protected] site: www.env.go.jp/en/

Director, Global Environment DivisionMinistry of Foreign Affairs 2-11-1 Shibakouen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8519tel: (81-3) 6402-2540fax: (81-3) 6402-2538e-mail: [email protected] site: www.mofa.go.jp/

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Japan.

Japan has a national definition of hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movement of waste. The hazardous wastes are:

A. The following materials which are exported or imported for the disposal operations listed in Annex IV of the Basel Convention.

1. Materials listed in Annex I of the Convention and having one or more hazardous characteristics listed in Annex III of the Convention;

2. Materials listed in Annex II of the Convention;3. Materials to be notified to the Secretariat of the Convention by the

Government of Japan through the designation by the Cabinet Order in accordance with Section 1 or 2 of Article 3 of the Convention; and

4. Materials informed by the Secretariat of the Convention in accordance with Section 3 of Article 3 of the Convention.

B. Materials, exportation, importation, transportation (including storage) and disposal of which must be regulated based on bilateral, multilateral or regional agreements or arrangements defined in Article 11 of the Convention.


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exported1 539 1)


imported3 924

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Clarification is pending from Japan concerning the figure.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Japan.

Restrictions on export for final disposalJapan restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law (Waste Management Law) (since 1970); and the Law for the Control of Export, Import and Others of Specified Hazardous Wastes and Other Wastes (Basel Law) (since 1993). The restriction covers all countries and areas.

Basel Law: Ministry of the Environment (MOE) shall examine whether sufficient measures will be taken for preventing environmental pollution, and thereafter notify the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of the result of its examination. METI is not able to issue export permission without the notification by MOE certifying that necessary measures will be taken for preventing environmental pollution.

Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law: Without the permission of the Minister of the Environment, any person cannot export wastes for final disposal.

A person intended to import waste (excluding navigational wastes and carried-in wastes) shall procure the permission of the Minister of the Environment. Any person intending to export domestic or industrial wastes (excluding valuable material) must obtain the confirmation of the Minister of the Environment that the export of domestic wastes comes under the respective items in the following:- The wastes to be exported are deemed difficult to be treated of properly in

Japan in the light of the available treatment and technique; and- The wastes to be exported will be recycled in the country to which they

are exported.

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Restriction on export for recovery Japan restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is Basel Law. The restriction covers all countries and areas other than OECD member countries.

Ministry of the Environment (MOE) shall examine whether sufficient measures will be taken for preventing environmental pollution, and thereafter notify the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of the result of its examination. METI is not able to issue export permission without the notification by MOE certifying that necessary measures will be taken for preventing environmental pollution.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryJapan restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law and Basel Law. The restriction covers all countries and areas.

Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law : Without the permission of the Minister of the Environment, no person can import wastes for final disposal.

Basel law: MOE shall examine whether sufficient measures will be taken for preventing environmental pollution, and thereafter notify the METI of the result of its examination. METI is not able to issue import permission without the notification by MOE certifying that necessary measures will be taken for preventing environmental pollution.

Restrictions on transitJapan has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesGovernment of Japan established the Basic Environment Plan in 1994, and it was amended in 2000. At the same time, The Basic Law for Establishing the Recycling-based Society was enacted. This Basic Law aims to promote waste measures and recycling measures comprehensively and systematically as follows:

(1) The first effort is to reduce production of wastes as much as possible. (2) The second effort is to re-use, as many times as possible, things that are

no longer needed.(3) The third effort is to recycle, as resources, things that cannot be used

repeatedly.(4) The fourth effort is to burn things that cannot be used as resources, and

use the heat produced from their incineration.(5) The last effort is to appropriately dispose of things that cannot be re-used

or recycled and that must be disposed of, in a manner that does not contaminate the environment.

A new socioeconomic system needs to be created where responsibilities and costs on waste and recycling are shared among business, consumers, local

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government and the national government as necessary. In such system, there should be incentives to reduce waste generation and recycling at each stage of product development, manufacturing import distribution, consumption, collection and regeneration.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines“Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law", "Law for Promotion of Effective Utilization of Resources", "Container and Packaging Recycling Law", "Electric Household Appliance Recycling Law" etc.

Economic instruments/ initiativesPolicy financing for establishment of treatment facilities; and preferential tax treatment.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsUnder the Voluntary Action Plan on the Environment adopted by the Keidanren (Japan Federation of Economic Organization), measures are taken on promoting recycling and limiting the discharge of wastes.


National strategies/policiesThe Government of Japan shall restrict as much as possible the generation of specified hazardous wastes, promote the effective use and appropriate disposal within the country and implement other measures in an effort to minimize the export and import of specified hazardous wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines"Law for the Control of Export, Import and Others of Specified Hazardous Wastes and Other Wastes (Basel Law)" and "Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law".




Information is not available.


Decision of the OECD Council concerning the Control of Transfrontier Movement of Wastes destined for Recovery Operation, C(92)39/final which is effective since December 1993.

202


Available sources are:Ministry of the Environment; Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry; and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), which holds seminars on comprehensive solid waste management periodically.

203


JORDAN



General Corporation for the Environment ProtectionAmman P.O. Box 1408, 11941, Jordantel: (962-6) 535-0149fax: (962-6) 535-0084e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

Definition of waste and hazardous waste are the same: any material which cannot be disposed of at the public garbage dump sites or drainage network due to its hazardous characteristics, harmful impact on the environment and the safety of the organism and which require special means for handling and disposing of, same as are specified in table No. 3 which is annexed to Regulation No. 43/1999.


In Jordan there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

204






exported4 000 2)


importedNo import


1) Projection of hazardous waste amounts expected to be collected for each year from 1994 onwards, based on 1994 study: (Waste treated on-site is excluded) It consists of waste type I - oil waste: 1 518 mt + waste type II - halogenous: 24 mt + waste type III - solvents: 539 mt + waste type IV - organic chemical waste: 992 mt + waste type V - mercury waste: 10 mt + waste type VI - pesticide waste: 1 937 mt + waste type VII - inorganic waste: 11 315 mt + waste type VIII - other chemical waste: 1 055 mt.2) Amount refers to expired batteries/liquid free of acid exported to Indonesia.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Jordan.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryJordan has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryJordan restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Environment Protection Law No 12/1995 and its Regulation No. 43/1999: Management and Circulation of the Harmful and Hazardous Materials. This restriction covers all countries.

Restrictions on transitJordan restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The restriction is in accordance with the Basel Convention and it covers its Parties.

205


National strategies/policies- Encourage recycling;- Use production procedure that are environment friendly; and- Use alternatives for hazard inputs.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesPractise of applying hazardous waste treatment fees is in preparation.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Use production ways that are environment friendly; and- Use alternative for hazard inputs, if available.


National strategies/policiesWastes are exported only if there is no facility within the country to treat them or dispose of them.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsGenerators handle all packaging and transportation requirements under the supervision of the authorized agent.


Disposal facilitiesSwaga storage and disposal central facility, Swaga, Jordan/General Corporation for Environment Protection. Storage areas and landfill cells are operated. Treatment units are under construction.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesJordan Petroleum Refinery Company, used oil recovery (R9).


None.


The available sources are: Royal Scientific Society; Civil Defence Department; Ministry of Health; Customs Department; Ministry of Trade and Industry; General Command of Army; and Universities.

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KIRIBATI



Environment and Conservation DivisionMinistry of Environment and Social

DevelopmentEnvironment and SocialP.O. Box 234, Bikenibeu, Tawaratel: (686) 28-647 and 28-507fax: (686) 28-334e-mail: [email protected]

Permanent SecretaryMinistry of Environment and Social

DevelopmentP.O. Box 234, Bikemibeu, Tarawatel: (686) 28-593 and 28-211fax: (686) 28-334e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

“Waste” includes matter whether liquid, solid, gaseous or radioactive, whether toxic or not, which is discharged into the environment; or which is the byproduct of any process activity, or development with no apparent value or beneficial function.

According to the Environment Regulations 2001, “hazardous waste” is any waste which contains explosives, gases, flammable solids, flammable liquids, corrosive substances, oxidizing agents, organic peroxides, asbestos or substances which emit flammable gases.


In Kiribati there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


207


The amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Kiribati.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryKiribati has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalKiribati restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The restriction covers all hazardous wastes.

Restrictions on import for recoveryKiribati is in a preparatory process to restrict the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitKiribati has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesThe Environment and Conservation Division focuses on waste management, e.g. re-use the waste for landfill; and recycling aluminium cans.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe Environment Act (1999) lays framework for environment protection in Kiribati. No provisions for management of hazardous wastes.



OthersThe Government of Kiribati has implemented the National Marine Contingency Plan for the prevention of hazardous waste disposal in the marine environment.



Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNo provisions for management of hazardous wastes.


Measures taken by industries/waste generators

208

None.

OthersNone.


There are no recovery and disposal facilities, but off-island disposal within the Pacific region (eg. New Zealand and Australia) are being explored.


None.


None.

209


KYRGYZSTAN



Department of State Ecological Control and Environment Utilisation

Kievskaya str., b#96B, 3rd floorBishkek, 720040tel: (996-312) 22-1904fax: (996-312) 66-0481e-mail: [email protected]

Unit of Conventions for Nature ProtectionDepartment of State Ecological Control andEnvironment UtilisationKievskaya str., b#96B, 3rd floorBishkek, 720040tel: (996-312) 22-1904fax: (996-312) 66-0481e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

“Wastes” means wastes of production and consumption. “Wastes of production” means all materials, substances, products, which were produced during a production process or a delivery of services and can’t be used further within the territory of a given facility (organization), or are totally invalid for the purposes of usage in an amount these are intended to be used. “Wastes of consumption” means all materials, substances, products, which totally or partially lost their characteristics during the process of consumption (Regulation on state control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes).

“Hazardous wastes” means wastes, containing substances, which possess one of the hazardous characteristics (such as flammability, explosivity, high reaction ability, toxic ability and infectious capability) and are in a particular amount and of a certain type that these are of potential and immediate danger towards the public health/environment.

The National Definition of hazardous wastes is in accordance with the Annexes I and II of the Basel Convention.

There are no wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention. In Kyrgyzstan there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

210








imported* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to total amount of Y46 generated.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Kyrgyzstan.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryKyrgyzstan restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other types of wastes for final disposal and recovery. The relevant legislation is the Regulation on State Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous and Other Wastes (as of 6 April 1999). The restriction covers States-Parties to the Basel Convention. Export of the following types of wastes (Annex I to the Convention) Y1-Y8, Y10-Y15, Y17, Y18, Y20-Y31, Y33-Y36, Y39, Y43-Y45 is under state control. The export takes place only if exporter possesses a license, issued by competent authority.

Restrictions on transit and import for final disposal and for recoveryKyrgyzstan restricts the transit and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for their final disposal and recovery. The relevant legislation is the Regulation on State Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous and Other Wastes (as of 6 April 1999). The import of wastes for final disposal or incineration is restricted. The restriction document covers Parties to the Basel Convention and states participating in Customs Union (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan). The transit and import take place only if a license has been issued by the Competent Authority.

211


National strategies/policiesThe construction of waste management facility within the borders of Bishkek is planned.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe Law of the Kyrgyz Republic #89 “Wastes of production and consumption” entered into force on 21 November 2001.

Economic instruments/ initiativesTax advantages.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsFuture transition to low-level waste generation technologies.


National strategies/policiesLicensed activity on transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.

Economic instruments/ initiativesLicense charges; and responsibility in the event of force-major circumstances.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsReducing to minimum amounts of waste generation.


Disposal facilities

At present, there are 41 disposal facilities throughout Kyrgyzstan: 12 facilities are for temporary disposal, 3 facilities are for landfill and 26 are organized depots. All necessary information can be obtained from National Statistics Commitee.



- Multilateral agreement on Customs Union (Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Tadjikistan, Kyrgyzstan) concerning the protocol on unified use procedure of technical, medical, pharmaceutical, sanitary, phytosanitary and ecological standards, rules and requirements regarding goods imported to the Parties of the Custom Union; and

- Bilateral agreement between Kyrgyzstan (Kadamdjai antimony processing factory) and Belgium (“Union Minere” company), concerning wastes of antimony and lead process of production.


None.

212


LATVIA



Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development25, Peldu str., LV-1494, Rigatel: (371) 702-6515fax: (371) 782-0442e-mail: [email protected] site: www.varam.gov.lv

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Latvia.


In Latvia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exported11 135 1)


imported39 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.

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** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).2) Figure refers to the amount of Y29 imported.Restrictions on Transboundary Movement

Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Latvia.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryLatvia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalLatvia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Law on Hazardous Wastes, 30.03.1993. This restriction covers all countries.

Restrictions on import for recoveryLatvia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Law on Hazardous Wastes, 30.03.1993. This restriction covers all countries, except Estonia and Lithuania.

Restrictions on transitLatvia has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesLaw on Hazardous Waste, Law on Natural Resource tax.

Economic instruments/ initiativesNatural resource tax for disposal of hazardous waste.


Disposal facilitiesGardene, Auru pagasts, Dobeles rajons, Latvia. Operated by joint stock company BAO, Jelgavas Str., LV-1004, for temporary storage of obsolete pesticides (D15).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesLampu demerkurizacijas centrs Ltd, Kapsedes 10, LV-3400, Liepaja, Latvia, for destruction of mercury-containing light bulbs, separation of mercury (R4).


None.

214


The available sources are:- Centre of Environmental Science and Management Studies of University

of Latvia, 19, Raina blvd, Riga; and- Latvian Waste Managements Associations, 21 Aizkraukles Str, Riga.

215


LITHUANIA



Ministry of Environment of the Republic of LithuaniaA.Jakšto 4/9, LT – 2600 Vilniustel: (370-5) 266-3480 (Minister)

(370-5) 266-3485 (Undersecretary of the Ministry)

(370-5) 2663511 (Coordinator for the Convention)

fax: (370-5) 2663663e-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.am.lt

Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Lithuania

A.Jakšto 4/9, LT – 2600 Vilniustel: (370-5) 266-3511fax: (370-5) 266-3663 e-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.am.lt

National Definition

Waste shall mean any substances or objects in the categories set out in Annex I of the Law on Waste Management and is included into the waste list set in Annex II of the Waste Management Regulations (Minister’s Ordinance No 217, adopted on 14 July, 1999), which the holder discards or intends to or required to discard. The categories and list of waste are prepared in accordance with the EU waste management legislation.

Hazardous waste shall mean waste featuring as hazardous on the Waste List contained in Annex II of Waste Management Regulations (Minister’s Ordinance No 217, adopted on 14 July, 1999) and possessing one or more hazardous properties defined in Annex IV of the Law on Waste Management and falling under the criteria of Annex IV of the Waste Management Regulations. It shall also mean any other waste having one or more hazardous properties listed in Annex IV of the Law on Waste Management and being in accordance to Annex IV criteria of the Waste Management Regulations.

Lithuania regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. (1)b.

The written consent is required for import into the Republic of Lithuania for

216

recovery and disposal of the following green list’s wastes: - GB. Metal bearing wastes arising from melting, smelting and refining of

metals;- GC. Other wastes containing metals;- GD. Waste from mining operations: these wastes to be in non-dispersible

form;- GF. Ceramic wastes in non-dispersible form;- GG. Other wastes containing principally inorganic constituents, which

may contain metals and inorganic materials;- GH. Solid plastic wastes, such as: GH 012 ex 391520 – Polymers of

styrene; GH 013 ex 391530 – Polymers of vinyl chloride; GH 014 ex 391590 – Acrylonitrile copolymer (Butadiene copolymer; Styrene copolymer; Polyamides; Polybutylene terephtalates; Polycarbonates; Polyphenylene sulphides; Acrylic polymers; Paraffins (C 10 - C 13); Polyurethane (not containing chlorofluorocarbons); Polysiloxalanes (silicones); Polymethyl metharcrylate; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polyvinyl butyral; Polyvinil acetate; Polymers of fluorinated ethylene (Teflon, PTFE);

- GH 015 ex 391590 – Resins or condensation products, for example: Urea formaldehyde resins; Phenol formaldehyde resins; Melamine formaldehyde resins; Epoxy resins; Alkyd resins; Polyamides;

- GI. Paper, paperboard and paper product wastes; GI 014470790 – Other, including but not limited to: Laminated paperboard; Unsorted waste and scrap;

- GJ. Textile wastes;- GK. Rubber wastes;- GM. Wastes arising from agro-food industries;- GN. Wastes arising from tanning and fellmongery operations and leather

use; and- GO. Other wastes containing principally organic constituents, which may

contain metals and inorganic materials.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe documents for ratification of the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) are being prepared.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryLithuania follows orders of the import country.

Restrictions on import for final disposalLithuania restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. All imports of non-hazardous and hazardous waste for disposal (operations D1-D15) into the Republic of Lithuania shall be allowed only if the notifier has received the written consent of the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Lithuania.

Rules on Waste Import into the Republic of Lithuania, Export from the

217

Republic of Lithuania and Transit through the Republic of Lithuania approved on 25th October 2001 by the Minister’s of Environment Ordinance No 526. Its entry into force would be on the 1st January 2003.

Restrictions on import for recoveryLithuania restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is Rules on Waste Import into the Republic of Lithuania, Export from the Republic of Lithuania and Transit through the Republic of Lithuania approved on 25th October 2001 by the Minister’s of Environment Ordinance No 526. Its entry into force would be on the 1st

January 2003. The written consent is required for import into the Republic of Lithuania for recovery and disposal of the following green list’s wastes:- GB. Metal bearing wastes arising from melting, smelting and refining of

metals;- GC. Other wastes containing metals;- GD. Waste from mining operations: these wastes to be in non-dispersible

form;- GF. Ceramic wastes in non-dispersible form;- GG. Other wastes containing principally inorganic constituents, which

may contain metals and inorganic materials;- GH. Solid plastic wastes, such as: GH 012 ex 391520 – Polymers of

styrene; GH 013 ex 391530 – Polymers of vinyl chloride; GH 014 ex 391590 – Acrylonitrile copolymer (Butadiene copolymer; Styrene copolymer; Polyamides; Polybutylene terephtalates; Polycarbonates; Polyphenylene sulphides; Acrylic polymers; Paraffins (C 10 - C 13); Plyurethane (not containing chlorofluorocarbons); Polysiloxalanes (silicones); Polymethyl metharcrylate; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polyvinyl butyral; Polyvinil acetate; Polymers of fluorinated ethylene (Teflon, PTFE);

- GH 015 ex 391590 – Resins or condensation products, for example: Urea formaldehyde resins; Phenol formaldehyde resins; Melamine formaldehyde resins; Epoxy resins; Alkyd resins; Polyamides;

- GI. Paper, paperboard and paper product wastes; GI 014470790 – Other, including but not limited to: Laminated paperboard; Unsorted waste and scrap;

- GJ. Textile wastes;- GK. Rubber wastes;- GM. Wastes arising from agro-food industries;- GN. Wastes arising from tanning and fellmongery operations and leather

use; and- GO. Other wastes containing principally organic constituents, which may

contain metals and inorganic materials.

Restrictions on transitTransit of all wastes (non-hazardous and hazardous) through the Republic of Lithuania for disposal can take place only upon written consent.

218


National strategies/policies- National Strategic Waste Management Plan (approved on 12th of April

2002 by the Ordinance of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania).- National Hazardous Wastes Management Program (approved on 9th of

April 1999 by the Ordinance of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania).

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Law on Environmental Protection;- Law on Waste Management;- Law on Packaging and Packaging Wastes;- Minister’s Ordinance on Waste Management Regulations, adopted on 14

July 1999;- Minister’s Ordinance on Setting the Permits for Use of Natural Resources

and Discharge of Pollutants into Environment, adopted on 30 November 1999;

- Law on Product Charges Amending the Law on Environmental Pollution Charges, adopted in 2002; and

- Minister’s Ordinance on Rules on Waste Import into the Republic of Lithuania, Export from the Republic of Lithuania and Transit through the Republic of Lithuania.

Economic instruments/initiativesProduct Charges.


National strategies/policies- National Strategic Waste Management Plan.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Law on Waste Management;- Minister’s Ordinance on Waste Management Regulations, adopted on 14

July 1999;- Minister’s Ordinance on Setting the Permits for Use of Natural Resources

and Discharge of Pollutants into Environment, adopted on 30 November 1999;

- Law on Product Charges Amending the Law on Environmental Pollution Charges; and

- Minister’s Ordinance on Rules on Waste Import into the Republic of Lithuania, Export from the Republic of Lithuania and Transit through the Republic of Lithuania.

Economic instruments/initiativesProduct Charges.

219


Waste Management Regulations set the order of registration of waste managers. Every enterprise engaged in waste collection, transportation, recovery and disposal activities and every enterprise commissioned by other enterprise in waste recovery and disposal, including waste import and export companies shall be registered with the Waste Managers Register. The Ministry of Environment shall administer the Waste Managers Register. The data on the waste management enterprises contained in the Waste Managers Register shall be furnished to local municipal institutions and county administrations not less than once a year. The data contained in the Waste Managers Register shall be furnished to legal or natural persons upon submitting an application stating the required information.

More information could be obtained from the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Lithuania, http://www.am.lt


None.


The available source is Association of Ecological Engineering (Dominykonu 4, Vilnius).

220


LUXEMBOURG



Administration de l'EnvironnementDivision des Déchets16, rue Eugene Ruppert, L-2453 Luxembourgtel: (352) 40-5656-1fax: (352) 49-6256e-mail: [email protected] site: www.aev.etat.lu

Ministère de l'EnvironnementL-2918 Luxembourgtel: (352) 478-6806fax: (352) 40-0410e-mail: [email protected] site: www.mev.etat.lu

National Definition

In Luxembourg the definition of waste is in accordance with the directive 75/442/EEC and the definition of hazardous waste is in accordance with the directive 91/689/CEE.

All the wastes subject to control under the regulation (EEC) 259/93 are controlled.

In Luxembourg there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exported82 820 2)


imported789 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).

221

2) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).3) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).Restrictions on Transboundary Movement

Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Luxembourg.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryLuxembourg restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. A special authorization is required by the modified Waste Management law of 17th June 1994 for export of waste to non-EC countries; and prohibition of export of waste to non-OECD countries through waste carrier authorization delivered according to the Waste Management Law.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryLuxembourg restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. Import authorization is required by the modified Waste Management Law of 17th June 1994. The restriction is general.

Restrictions on transitLuxembourg restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is Regulation of the Council No 259/93 (CEE).


National strategies/policies- National Waste Management Plan adopted by Government on 15th

December 2000; and- Obligation for industries and SME's to establish internal waste

managment plans with the view of reduction and recycling of waste.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesModified Waste Management Law of 17th June 1994.

Economic instruments/ initiatives"SuperDrecksKëscht fiir Betriiber" initiative taken since 1992 by the Ministry of Environment and the Chamber of Handcraft with the aims of:- advising industries and SME's in good ecological practice of internal

waste management; and- giving a quality label to the companies with a good waste management

practice.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsInternal waste management according to internal Waste Management Plan and/or waste management practice according to "SuperDrecksKëscht fiir Betriiber"-concept.

222


National strategies/policies- National Waste Management Plan adopted by Government on 15th

December 2000; and- Obligation for industries and SME's to establish internal waste

managment plans with the view of reduction and recycling of waste.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesModified Waste Management Law of 17th June 1994.


Disposal facilities- Lamesch Exploitation S.A. Z.I. Wolser Nord, L-3225 Bettembourg,

Chemical-Physical Treatment plant, for D9 operations.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Intermoselle Sàrl Langengrund L-3701 Rumelange, clinker production,

for R5 operations; and- Lamesch Exploitation S.A. Z.I. Wolser Nord, L-3225 Bettembourg,

reconditioning of waste, pretreatment further to R1 and R9 operations.


None.


The available sources are:- Administration of the Environment, Division des Déchets, 16, rue

Ruppert, L-2453 Luxembourg; - CRTE, 66, rue de Luxembourg, L-4002 ESCH/ALZETTE; and- SuperDrecksKëscht fiir Betriiber, 18, rue Stümper, L-2557 Luxembourg

223


MALAYSIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 08.10.1993 (a)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 26.10.2001


Department of EnvironmentMinistry of Science, Technology and

EnvironmentLevel 3-7, Block C4Federal Government Administrative Centre62662 Putrajayatel: (60-3) 8885-8200fax: (60-3) 8888-9987e-mail: [email protected] site: www.jas.sains.my


National Definition

Waste is defined as any matter prescribed to be scheduled waste or any matter whether in a solid, semi-solid or liquid form, or in the form of a gas or vapor, which is emitted, discharged or deposited in the environment in such volume, composition or manner as to cause pollution.

Hazardous waste is defined as any waste falling within the categories of waste listed in the First Schedule of the Environment Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 1989.

Malaysia regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are: slags from copper processing; oil tanker sludges; granulated slag; and spent industrial catalysts.

Import of waste from European Community will be considered as Amber List. The lists are as follows:

(a) GA. Metal and metal-alloy waste in metallic, non-dispersible form

224

GA 150 7802 00 Lead waste and scrapGA 240 ex8107 10 Cadmium waste and scrap

(b) GG. Other wastes containing principally inorganic constituents, which may contain metal and organic materials

GG 010, GG 020, GG 030, GG 040, GG 100, GG 110, GG 140

(c) GH. Solid plastic wastesAll categories of plastic wastes

(d) GJ. Textile wastesAll categories of textile wastes

(e) GK. Rubber wastesAll categories of rubber wastes

(f) GM. Waste arising from agro-food industriesAll categories

(g) GN. Waste arising from tanning and fellmongery operations and leather use

All categories

(h) GO. Other wastesGO 010, GO 020, GO 030, GO 050






exported4 947 2)


imported125 875 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 124

968 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b: 219 582 mt.2) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported: 1 973

mt + total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b exported: 2 974 mt.3) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) imported: 120

927 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)b imported: 4 948 mt.


225


The amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Malaysia.

Restrictions on export for final disposalMalaysia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Amendment to the Environmental Quality Act: Section 34B; entry into force 1 August 1996; and the Customs (Prohibition of Export) Order. The restriction covers all countries. Final disposal of hazardous wastes requiring export is not allowed if the hazardous wastes are able to be treated at local facilities.

Restriction on export for recoveryMalaysia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Environmental Quality Act (1 August 1996), Section 34B; and the Customs (Prohibition of Export) Order. The restriction covers all countries. Hazardous wastes to be exported and destined for recovery are subject to the export guidelines on minimum percentage for recoverables.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryMalaysia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Environmental Quality Act, 1 August 1996, Section 34B; and the Customs (Prohibition of Import) Order. The restriction covers all countries. Import of hazardous wastes for final disposal from non OECD countries requires a special permission and total prohibition for hazardous wastes from OECD countries. Import of hazardous wastes for recovery requires written approval.

Restrictions on transitMalaysia restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Environmental Quality Act, 1 August 1996, Section 34B. The restriction covers all countries.


National strategies/policiesMalaysian Agenda for Waste Reduction; and promotion on cleaner production.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesIn preparation to enhance existing provision in the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations to reduce wastes using best practicable means.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsCleaner production, waste minimization and ISO 14001 certification.

OthersSpecial capital allowance incentive to companies which generate wastes and intend to set up facilities to treat their own wastes covering all capital expenditure incurred.

226


National strategies/policiesEncourage industries to use locally produced wastes as raw materials.


Disposal facilities- Kualiti Alam Sdn Bhd, Port Dickson, N. Sembilan; secure landfill (D5),

physical chemical treatment (D9), incineration (D10), storage (D15), stabilization; and

- Trienekens Waste Management, Sdn. Bhd, Sarawak, temporary storage (D15).

The complete list is available upon request from the Competent Authority (www.jas.sains.my).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesThere are 37 licensed recovery facilities and the list is available upon request from the Competent Authority (www.jas.sains.my).


Bilateral Agreement with the United States of America, valid from 10 March 1995 until US becomes a Party to the Basel Convention, concerning transshipment of hazardous wastes for recovery.


The available sources are:Department of Environment; Customs and Excise Department; Hazmat, Fire and Rescue Services; and Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM).

227


MAURITANIA



Department of the Environment and Rural DevelopmentBP:170 Nouakchott, Mauritaniatel: (222) 529-0115fax: (222) 525-0741


National Definition

There is no national definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Mauritania.


In Mauritania there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Mauritania.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryMauritania has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryMauritania has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on transitMauritania has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.

228


National strategies/policiesThere is no national strategy in regard to household and hospital wastes. At the moment the waste is disposed of outside the towns (in Nouadhibou, the country’s financial capital, the wastes are mostly discharged into the sea). For the city of Nouakchott, the national capital, there are plans to build a controlled landfill 35 km away from the city. Other kinds of wastes are not subject to any control; SOMELEC (the Mauritanian electric power company) discharges waste oil at random and there are other cases of this kind.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThere is no specific legislation.

Economic instruments/ initiativesNil.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsNo measure has been taken by industries/waste generators to reduce their wastes or dispose of them in an environmentally sound manner.

OthersThe Department of the Environment, which is responsible for drafting policy and implementing it, has done nothing in this regard because of the lack of financial and human resources.


National strategies/policiesThere is no national strategy.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThere is no specific legislation.

Economic instruments/ initiativesNil.


OthersThe Department of the Environment, which is responsible for drafting policy and implementing it, has done nothing in this regard because of the lack of financial and human resources.


Information could be obtained from the Department of the Environment and Rural Development BP:170 Nouakchott, Mauritania.

Article 24 of the framework law on the environment (Act No. 200-045 of 20 July 2000) specifies that “activities that might affect the environment must have the authorization of the Minister responsible for the environment, based on an environmental impact study”. The Act still does not have associated implementation regulations.

229


None.


The available source is the Department of the Environment and Rural Development, BP:170 Nouakchott, Mauritania.

230


MAURITIUS



Department of EnvironmentMinistry of EnvironmentBarracks Street, Port Louistel: (230) 212-3363fax: (230) 212-6671e-mail: [email protected]: Environment.gov.mu

Director, Department of EnvironmentBarracks Street, Port Louistel: (230) 212-6080fax: (230) 212-6671e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Mauritius.

According to the Environment Protection (Standards for Hazardous Wastes) Regulations 2001, which came into force on 1 April 2002, “hazardous waste” means any waste specified in the third column of the First Schedule (See Attachment) in respect of the corresponding waste stream specified in the second column of that Schedule; or having as constituents one of the substances specified in the Second Schedule (See Attachment), and displaying any of the hazardous properties specified in the Third Schedule (See Attachment).

Mauritius regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are radioactive wastes.

In Mauritius there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


231



The amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Mauritius.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryMauritius restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Environment Protection (Standards for Hazardous Wastes) Regulations 2001, which came into force on 1 April 2002. No person shall export hazardous waste without the approval in writing of the enforcing agency, which according to the Environment Protection Act 2002 is the Ministry responsible for the subject of Local Government.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryMauritius prohibits the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Environment Protection (Standards for Hazardous Wastes) Regulations 2001, which came into force on 1 April 2002.

Restrictions on transitMauritius restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. Transit may be allowed subject to prior notification.


National strategies/policies- According to the Environment Protection (Standards for Hazardous

wastes) Regulations 2001, which came into force on 1 April 2002, a hazardous waste generator shall minimize the generation of a hazardous waste by using the best practicable means;

- The law requires new undertakings with significant environment impacts to go through the EIA process;

- Introduction of sulphur-reduced diesel since 2001 and unleaded petrol as from September 2002; and

- The revised solid waste management strategy plan adopted in 2002 places topmost priority to waste minimisation.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Environment Protection (Standards for Hazardous wastes)

Regulations 2001;- Standards for air (ambient air quality and emissions); and- Guidance notes for the implementation of Environment Protection

(Standards for Hazardous Wastes) Regulations 2001.

Economic instruments/ initiativesFines for illegal dumping and penalties to non-compliance to standards and regulations.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIndustries are making efforts to reduce the use of hazardous chemicals.

Others

232

None.


None.


Disposal facilities- Mare Chicose landfill. It is a sanitary landfill for receiving municipal

solid wastes. It has a special cell designed for accepting only solid hazardous waste, in discreet quantities (D5); and

- Hospitals and clinics, incineration on land for medical waste (D10).

No treatment and disposal facility is yet in place locally for liquid hazardous wastes. Generators of such wastes are requested to safely store their liquid hazardous wastes pending a safe disposal facility is in operation. The construction of a national warehouse for hazardous wastes and a hazardous waste complex comprising of pre-treatment and incineration facilities are expected to be operational by 2004 and 2007 respectively.



Regional agreement: Bamako Convention on the Ban of Import into Africa and the Control of Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes Within Africa, effective from 1992. It covers all hazardous wastes including radioactive materials.


None.

233

ATTACHMENTS

FIRST SCHEDULE

Hazardous wastes

Waste stream Description of waste1. Batteries and accumulators - Electrolyte from batteries and

accumulators - Lead batteries- Mercury dry cells- Ni-Cd batteries

2(a) Electronic industry - Chlorofluorocarbons

(b) Coolants, foam / aerosol propellants - Sludges or solid wastes containing solvents

(c) Solvent and coolant recovery (still bottoms) - Solvents

3. Human or animal health care and research related to such health care

- Waste from diagnosis, treatment or prevention of disease and natal care.

4. Leather and textile industries - Degreasing wastes containing solvents without a liquid phase

- Halogenated wastes from dressing and finishing

5. Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of adhesive and sealants (including water proofing products)

- Adhesives and sealants sludges

- Waste adhesives and sealants

6 (a) Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of biocides and phyto-pharmaceuticals

- Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors

(b) Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of - Contaminated packaging and containers pharmaceuticals - Date expired product

- Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues

- Other still bottoms and residues- Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents - Other filter cakes, spent absorbents- Organic halogenated solvents, washing

liquids and mother liquors- Other organic solvents, washing liquids

and mother liquors

7. Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of organic dyes and pigments



- Other still bottoms and residues

234

- Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents - Other filter cakes, spent absorbents- Organic halogenated solvents, washing

liquids and mother liquors- Other organic solvents, washing liquids

and mother liquors

8(a) Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of organic solvents and chemical products other than those specified in items 6(a), 6(b) and 7.


- Contaminated packaging and containers

(b) Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of fats, grease, soaps, detergents, disinfectants and cosmetics


- Other still bottoms and residues

(c) Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of - Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbentsplastics, synthetic rubber, and man-made fibre - Other filter cakes, spent absorbents

- Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors

- Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors

9. Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of paint and varnish

- Sludges from paint or varnish removal- Waste paints and varnish

10. Manufacture, formulation, supply and use of printing inks

- Ink sludges- Waste ink

11. Metal surface treatment, such as etching, - Cyanide free wastes containing chromiumcleaning, degreasing and hot dip galvanising - Cyanidic waste

- Sludges

12. Miscellaneous sources - Acid tars- Other tars - Ammonia- Calcium hydroxide- Contaminated containers or other

packaging- Hydrochloric acid- Hydrofluoric acid- Nitric acid and nitrous acid- Bilge oils- Engine, gear, and lubricating oils- Hydraulic oils and brake fluids- Insulating and heat transmission oils

containing PCBs or PCTs- Mineral insulating and heat transmission

oils- Non-chlorinated insulating and heat

transmission oils and other liquids

235

- Other chlorinated insulating and heat transmission oils and other liquids

- Oil/water separator contents (solids, sludge and emulsions)

- Oil spills- Synthetic insulating and heat transmission

oils and other liquids- Phosphoric acid- Sodium hydroxide- Sulphurous acid and sulphuric acid

13. Photographic industry - Bleach solutions and bleach fixer solutions

- Fixer solutions- Solvent based developer solutions- Water based developer and activator

solutions- Water based offset plate developer

solutions- Water containing silver from on-site

treatment of photographic waste14. Wood preservation waste - Inorganic wood preservatives

- Non- halogenated organic wood preservatives

- Organochlorinated wood preservatives- Organometallic wood preservatives

236

SECOND SCHEDULE

Hazardous wastes

AntimonyAntimony compoundsAny congenor of polychlorinated dibenzo-furanAny congenor of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxinArsenicArsenic compounds Asbestos (dust and fibre)BerylliumBeryllium compoundsCadmiumCadmium compoundsCopper compoundsEthersHalogenated organic solventsHexavalent chromium compoundsInorganic cyanidesInorganic fluorine compounds excluding calcium fluorideLeadLead compoundsMercuryMercury compoundsMetal carbonylsOrganic cyanidesOrganic phosphorous compoundsOrganic solvents excluding halogenated solventsPhenolsPhenol compounds including chlorophenolsRadioactive materialsSeleniumSelenium compoundsTelluriumTellurium compoundsThalliumThallium compoundsZinc compounds

237

THIRD SCHEDULE

Hazardous properties

"Carcinogenic": substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may induce cancer or increase its incidence.

"Corrosive": substances and preparations which may destroy living tissue on contact.

"Ecotoxic": substances and preparations which present or may present immediate or delayed risks for one or more sectors of the environment.

“Explosive”: substances and preparations which may explode under the effect of flame or which are more sensitive to shocks or friction than dinitrobenzene.

“Flammable”: liquid substances and preparations having a flash point equal to, or greater than, or equal to, 55oC.

"Harmful": substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may involve limited health risks.

“Highly flammable”:

- gaseous substances and preparations which are flammable in air at normal pressure, or

- liquid substances and preparations having a flash point below 21OC (including extremely flammable liquids), or

- solid substances and preparations which readily catch fire after brief contact with a source of ignition and which continue to burn or to be consumed after removal of the source of ignition, or

- substances and preparations which may become hot and finally catch fire in contact with air at ambient temperature without any application of energy, or

- substances and preparations which, in contact with water or damp air, evolve highly inflammable gases in dangerous quantities.

"Infectious": substances containing viable micro-organisms, or their toxins which are known or reliably believed to cause disease in man or other living organisms.

"Irritant": non-corrosive substances and preparations which, through immediate, prolonged or repeated contact with the skin or mucous membrane, can cause inflammation.

“Leachability”: substances and preparations capable by any means, after disposal, of yielding another substance e.g. a leachate, which possesses any of the characteristics listed above.

“Oxidizing”: substances and preparations which exhibit highly exothermic reactions when in contact with other substances, particularly flammable substances.

238

"Teratogenic": substances and preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may induce non-hereditary congenital malformations or increase their incidence.

"Toxic": substances and preparations (including very toxic substances and preparations) which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may involve serious, acute or chronic health risks and even death.

“Toxic reactivity”: substances and preparations which release toxic or very toxic gases in contact with water, air or an acid.

239

FOURTH SCHEDULE

Hazardous wastes of potential incompatibility

The mixing of a Group A waste with a Group B waste may have the potential consequences as noted below:

Group A Group B Potential consequences

1 Alcohols Any concentrated waste in Group 3A or 3B

Metal hydridesWater reactive wastes

Fire, explosion or heat generation;Generation of flammable toxic gases

2 AlcoholsAldehydesHalogenated hydrocarbonsNitrated hydrocarbons and other reactive organic compounds and solvents Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Concentrated Group 3A or 3B wastesGroup 4A wastes

Fire, explosion or violent reaction

3 Alkaline liquidsLime sludge and other corrosive alkalis

Acid, etching acid, Acid sludgeLiquid or other solvent,Pickling liquor and corrosive acidSpent acid Spent mixed acid

Heat generation, Violent reaction

4 AluminiumBeryllium Zinc powder and other reactive metals

Any waste in Group 3A or 3B Fire or explosion; Generation of flammable hydrogen gas

5 Asbestos Beryllium Unrinsed pesticide containers Pesticides

ExplosivesOil and other flammable wastesPetroleum Solvents

Release of toxic substances in case of fire or explosion

6 Chlorates and other strong oxidisers Chlorites Chromic acidHypochlorites Nitrates Nitric acid Perchlorates Permanganates Peroxides

Organic acids Group 2A wastesGroup 4A wastesGroup 5B wastesFlammable and combustible wastes

Fire explosion or violent reaction

240

7 Spent cyanide and sulphide solutions

Group 3B wastes Generation of toxic hydrogen cyanide or hydrogen sulphide gas

241


MICRONESIA (FEDERATED STATES OF)



The SecretaryFSM National GovernmentDept. of Health, Education and Social Affairs Division of Health ServicesP.O. Box PS-70Palikir, Pohnpei FM 96941tel: (691) 320-2619fax: (691) 320-5263e-mail: [email protected]

The SecretaryFSM National GovernmentDept. of Foreign AffairsP.O. Box PS-123Palikir, Pohnpei FM 96941tel: (691) 320-2641/7666fax: (691) 320-2933 e-mail: [email protected] site: http://fsmgov.org

National Definition

No national definition by law.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Micronesia.

Restrictions on export and import for final disposal and recoveryArticle XIII, Section 2 (General Provisions) of the Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia – “ Radioactive, toxic chemical, or other harmful substances may not be tested, stored, used, or disposed of within the jurisdiction of the Federated States of Micronesia without the express approval of the national government.”

Restrictions on transit No restrictions by law.

242



National strategies/policiesEnvironmental Action Strategies (FSM NEMS, 1992)- Improve disposal of solid wastes and sewage; and- Reduce use & abuse of hazardous chemicals.Second FSM Economic Summit (1999)- Create strong regulatory climate for the environment sector; and- Develop technical support for existing and future environmental

programs.




Hazardous wastes not disposable locally are being stored temporarily for disposal outside the country. Importation of hazardous wastes for disposal, recovery, recycling or other treatment is prohibited.


The Waigani Convention to Ban the Importation into Forum Island Countries of Hazardous and Radioactive Wastes and to Control the Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within the South Pacific Region entered into force on October 21, 2001.


None.

243


MONACO



Le Ministre PlenipotentiaireChargé de la Coopération Internationale pour

l’Environnement et le Dèveloppement16, Boulevard de Suisse, MC 98000tel: (377) 9315-8333fax: (377) 9350-9591e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

In Monaco, there is no national definition of wastes and hazardous wastes as such. However, several legal texts concerning the management of wastes highlight the character of hazardousness of certain categories of wastes which are collected in selective manner and managed adequately. However, in all events the Basel Convention’s definitions are applicable to all services concerned.


In Monaco there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

244

Data * on the Generation and Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes** and Other Wastes*** in 2000 (as reported)


Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 301 1)




exported24 924


imported45 868 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I:Y1-Y45).

2) Consists of wastes collected from households (Y46): 42 841 mt + residues arising from the incineration of household wastes (Y47): 23 432 mt.3) Figure refers to wastes collected from households (Y46).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Monaco.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryMonaco has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. However, due to Custom Agreement with France, transboundary movements of wastes and their final disposal and recovery are controlled by French and European Union policies.

Restrictions on import for final disposalMonaco restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Municipal Policy 91-14 related to municipal and similar wastes disposal. Final disposal of wastes is theoretically impossible in Monaco.

Restrictions on import for recoveryMonaco restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. However, household wastes import is authorized for energy recycling only.

Restrictions on transitMonaco has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. However, due to Custom Agreement with France, transboundary movements of wastes and their final disposal and recovery are controlled by French and European Union policies. The border control is under the French Custom Authority.

245



Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSocieté Monégasque d’Assaisissement, 3 Avenue de Fontvielle, incineration of household wastes to generate energy (R1).

For additional information the following source could be contacted:Service des Concessions et des Telecomunications, 23 avenue Prince Hereditaire Albert.




Information could be obtained from:

Cooperation Internationale pour l’Environnement et le Developpement, 16, bd de Suisse, MC – Monaco 98000

246


MONGOLIA



Ministry of Nature and EnvironmentGovernment Building # 3, Baga Toiruu-44Ulaanbaatar-11tel: (976-11) 312-269fax: (976-11) 321-401e-mail: [email protected] site: www.pmis.gov.mn/men


National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Mongolia.

The national definition of hazardous waste is given below as in Article 3 of the Mongolian Law on Prohibition of Import, Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and its Export.

Article 3: National definition of hazardous waste.

- 3.1 As defined in Basel Convention on the Control of transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, hazardous waste is that any waste which due to their characteristics or having teratogenic and mutagenic adverse impacts on the human and animal health or causing loss of ecological balance.

- 3.2 Hazardous waste includes: wastes of organic peroxides, oxidizing in contact with air, water, soil emit flammable or toxic gases, and radioactive, flammable liquids or solid, explosive and corrosive.

- 3.3 The detailed definition of the hazardous waste exhibiting hazard characteristics given in paragraph 2, Article 3, of this Law shall be defined by the State Administrative Central Organization responsible for environmental issues in co-operation with relevant qualified authorities.

Mongolia regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not 247

http://www.pmis.gov.mn/men


included in Article 1 (1)a of the Basel convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Article 1 (1)b.

In Mongolia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 1)




exportedNo export


importedNo import


1) Estimated amounts. Amounts reported as: total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 1 915 000 m3 + total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b: 2 535 000 m3.2) Estimated amounts. Amounts reported as: wastes collected from households (Y46): 600 000 m3 + residues arising

from the incineration of household wastes (Y47): 20 000 m3.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionMongolia is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryMongolia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on transit and import for final disposal and for recoveryMongolia restricts the transit and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Mongolian Law on Prohibition of Import, Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and its Export. The Law entered into force from 3 November 2000:- Article 4, Paragraph 1: Total prohibition on the import of f hazardous

wastes for the purpose of use, storage temporary placement and final disposal in Mongolia.

- Article 4, Paragraph 2: Total prohibition on the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes within the territory of Mongolia.

248


National strategies/policies- Minimization of the source generation of hazardous waste;- Development of the Control and Monitoring of use of toxic chemicals;

and- Improvement of Cleaner Production Technology.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Mongolian Law on Environmental Protection, 1995;- Mongolian Law on Environmental Impact Assessment, 1998;- Mongolian Law on Banning Import, Transit of Hazardous Waste and its

Exporting, 2000; and- National Program on Waste Reduction, 1999.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsNew as well as renovation and expansion of existing production or services or facilities and construction activities which generate hazardous waste of toxic chemicals are subjected to require Environmental Impact Assessment.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesMongolian Law on Banning Import, Transit of Hazardous Waste and its Exporting, 2000.


None.


None.


None.

249


MOROCCO

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 28.12.1995 (a)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.112002


Ministère de l’Amenagement du Territoire, de l’Urbanisme, de l’Habitat et de l’Environnement

Departement de l’Environnement36, Avenue Al Abtal, Agdal, Rabattel: (212-37) 68-1500fax: (212-37) 77-2756/0875e-mail: [email protected] site: www.minenv.gov.ma


National Definition

The Draft Law on Waste Management and their Disposal foresees a list of hazardous wastes, the importation of which will be banned. The Draft Law defines “wastes” at national level, as residues coming from the production process, from transformation or from utilization, all substances, materials, products or more generally abandoned goods, meant to be discarded, or disposed of with the aim of protecting the environment and the people.

The Draft Law on Waste Management and their Disposal foresees a list of hazardous wastes at national level, the importation of which will be banned. The Draft Law defines hazardous wastes as all wastes which because of the elements constituting them, or by their noxious characteristics contained in them are susceptible to harm the people and the environment, the list of which is established by regulation.

The preparation of the list of hazardous wastes subject to import ban is foreseen by the Law on Hazardous Wastes Management and their Disposal.

Morocco is in a preparatory process of identifying wastes other than those pursuant to in Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

250








exported200


importedNo data

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Estimated amounts per year. Consists of amount of industrial wastes: 975 000mt + amount of

contaminated clinical wastes: 12 000mt.2) Figure refers to the estimated amount of household wastes (Y46).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Morocco. The Draft Law on Waste Management and its Disposal which is in the process of adoption foresees the banning of imports of hazardous wastes, the list of which is established by law. This list is being prepared.

Restrictions on export for final disposalMorocco is in a preparatory process to restrict the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. Legislation concerning the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal is being adopted.

The export of hazardous wastes and other wastes to countries which do not ban the import, and that have given specific written approval, is not banned but submitted to authorization by the Governmental Authority for the Environment. The authorization is granted in accordance with the Basel Convention requirements. However, the Draft Law on Waste Management and its Disposal stipulates that the export of hazardous wastes is banned to countries that ban import and to countries that do not ban it in the absence of specific written agreement.

Restriction on export for recoveryMorocco is in a preparatory process to restrict the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. Legislation concerning the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery is being adopted. The authorization of the country of import is required.

251

Restrictions on import for final disposalMorocco restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The Draft Law on Waste Management and its Disposal bans the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes, list of which will be determined by regulation. Morocco does not have any facility to dispose of hazardous wastes and other wastes.

Restrictions on import for recoveryMorocco restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The Draft Law on Waste Management and its Disposal bans the import of hazardous wastes for recovery. The import of non-hazardous wastes according to the Draft Law is allowed if the wastes are managed in an environmentally sound manner. The import of non-hazardous wastes is subject to authorisation from the Competent Authority.

Restrictions on transitThe transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes in Morocco is in accordance with the Basel Convention requirements. The proposed national legislation concerning the management of wastes and their disposal incorporates the prohibition of the transit of hazardous wastes.


National strategies/policiesStudy of the creation of a National Disposal Centre is under preparation. The site for the center is being selected.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe Law on Waste Management and its Disposal prepared by the concerned departments is in the process of adoption. The Draft Law foresees 3 application decrees that are being prepared:- Decree on the hazardous waste list;- Decree on the disposal sites characteristics; and- Decree on waste incineration.

Economic instruments/ initiativesCreation within the Department of Environment of the Fund for Industrial Depollution (FODEP). The Fund is destined for industrial enterprises willing to engage in depollution projects. 80% of the cost of the project can be financed by FODEP according to the project type:- Integrated project (20% donation and 20-60% of credit at medium or at

long term); and- Approved Project (40% donation and 20-40% of credit at medium or at

long term).

Others- Some wastes are incinerated at the furnace of cement factories; and- A project to create a waste stock market is currently being developed.

252


National strategies/policiesStudy of the creation of a National Disposal Centre is under preparation. The site for the center is being selected.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe Law on Waste Management and its Disposal prepared by the concerned departments is in the process of adoption. The Draft Law foresees 3 application decrees that are being prepared:- Decree on the hazardous waste list;- Decree on the disposal sites characteristics; and- Decree on waste incineration.


Disposal facilitiesMorocco does not have any installation for waste disposal.Establishment of an industrial waste treatment center is in preparation.Some wastes are incinerated at the furnace of cement factories

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesThere are national enterprises specialized in waste recovery, particularly textiles, plastic, glass, wood and cardboard.


None.


Moroccan Centre of Clean Production (CMPP). The CMPP plays a coordinating as well as catalytic role of a natural cleaner production market by means of:

- the promotion and dissemination of the concept of sustainable ecological industrial development;

- improvement of the performance and competitiveness of the enterprise; and

- making public opinion sensitive and aware of cleaner production technologies.

253


MOZAMBIQUE

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 11.06.1997Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Ministry for Coordination of Environmental AffairsRua da Kassuende 167, Maputotel: (258-1) 49-5269fax: (258-1) 46-6862

Av. Acordos de Lusaka 2115 Maputotel: (258-1) 46-6863fax: (258-1) 46-6862e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Mozambique.

The Environmental Law of 1997 (definitions section) defines hazardous wastes and residues as substances destined for elimination, and posing a risk to human health or the environment due to one or more of the characteristics listed in the provision. The definition is in accordance with the Annexes I, II and III of the Basel Convention.

Mozambique is in a preparatory process to regulate/control wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention.

In Mozambique, there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

254

Data* on the Generation and Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes** and Other Wastes*** in 2000 (as reported)





exportedNo data


importedNo import



Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Mozambique.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryMozambique has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryMozambique restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. Under the Environmental Law of 1997, the importation of toxic residues or wastes is expressly prohibited for final disposal and recovery, except under the terms of that would be established under specific legislation. However, such legislation is not in existence yet.

Restrictions on transitMozambique has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


Legislation, regulations and guidelines- EIA Regulation; and- Environmental Law of 1997: Based on the relevant provision of the

Constitution, the Environmental Law of 1997 provides a general framework for environmental protection, including management of hazardous wastes. The purpose of the law is “to define the legal basis for the proper use and management of the environment and its elements in order to establish a system of sustainable development” in the country. The law includes several provisions addressing this issue. There is as yet no specific legal instrument on the management of hazardous wastes, or on export and import of such wastes. Work is underway to develop several regulations under the law.

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The following aspects of hazardous wastes management are addressed in the Environment Law or a separate regulation: definition of hazardous wastes; licensing system for persons managing waste and disposal facilities; restriction/prohibition of export/import of hazardous wastes; and civil liability and reparation of damage.

OthersIn general terms, the Environmental Law of 1997 imposes strict liability on persons who cause material damage to the environment. The State has the right to assess the damage, fix the amount of compensation, and to take countermeasures at the expense of the person causing the damage. The provision does not relate to hazardous wastes specifically.


Licensing system for persons managing waste and disposal facilities: this is partly addressed in the regulation on environmental impact assessment.

Open dump sites are managed by municipalities. A special waste site for an aluminium plant exists which is a temporary arrangement. Site selection for a national controlled disposal facility for hazardous wastes is made and arrangements to set up this facility are in progress (in the Maputo area).


Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of Transboundary Movement and management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa.


The available sources are:Ministry of Environmental Affairs; Universidade Eduardo Mondlane; INNOQ (National Institute for Normalization and Quality Control), and Centro Nacional de produccão mais limpa.

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NETHERLANDS

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 16.04.1993 (A)Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 22.01.2001


Ministry for Housing, Spatial Planning and the EnvironmentDGM/SASPO Box 309452500 GX The HagueTel: (31-70) 339-4162Fax: (31-70) 339-1283web site: www.minvrom.nl

Internationaal Meldpunt AfvalstoffenPO Box 4183440 AK Woerdentel: (31-348) 48-7440fax: (31-348) 48-7404

National Definition

The Netherlands uses the EC definition of waste as described in EC Directive 75/442, Article 1. For the purpose of transboundary movement of waste, the Netherlands uses the EC definition of hazardous waste.

Netherlands regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and are controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b are: lists of amber and red wastes (OECD-decision); and hazardous wastes on the European Hazardous Waste List.

In addition, the unlisted wastes require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement and these wastes are controlled according to the most stringent procedure (i.e. red-list).

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exported1 438 875 3)


imported408 690 4)


1) Figure refers to amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b. Hazardous waste as defined in the national regulation “Besluit aanwijzing gevaarlijke afvalstoffen”. This definition is used for national purposes. Wastes collected from households are not included. Consists of contaminated soil: 508 335 mt; ship-cleaning waste: 444 148 mt; other hazardous wastes: 1 770 345 mt.

2) Consists of wastes collected from households (Y46): 1 397 mt + residues arising from the incineration of household wastes (Y47): 91 204 mt.3) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45):

689 787 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)b: 540 702 mt + total amount of other wastes exported (Annex II: Y46-Y47): 208 386 mt. Figure excludes 5 709 mt of plastic wastes. Plastic wastes, though non-hazardous, are controlled due to the third country requirement for a notification procedure.

4) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 145 936 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)b: 72 838 mt + total amount of other wastes imported (Annex II: Y46-Y47): 189 916 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in the Netherlands. By amendment of the European Shipment Regulation, the export ban is implemented in all EU-countries.

Restrictions on export for final disposalNetherlands restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93; entry into force May 6th 1994; the Multi Year Plan on hazardous waste; and the Ten Year Program on waste (non-hazardous including household waste). The restriction covers all countries/regions and all wastes. In general, the Netherlands objects to the export of all kinds of waste for final disposal.

Restrictions on export for recoveryNetherlands restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for

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recovery. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93; entry into force May 6th 1994, as amended by Council Decision 97/640 of September 22nd 1997 (implementation of export ban). This restriction covers those wastes not covered by the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on import for final disposalNetherlands restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93; entry into force May 6th 1994; the Multi Year Plan on hazardous waste; and the Ten Year Program on waste (non-hazardous including household waste). The restriction covers all countries/regions and all wastes. In general the Netherlands does not allow import of waste for final disposal.

Restrictions on import for recoveryNetherlands restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93; entry into force May 6th 1994. According to the European Shipment Regulation, article 7, section 4a, 5th indent, the Netherlands will object to an import of waste if the amount of waste recovered is relatively small in relation to the total amount.

Restrictions on transitNetherlands restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93; entry into force May 6th 1994. According to the European Shipment Regulation Member States may object to transit movements which are not in line with European legislation (e.g. because of infringements of transport safety regulations, or because of transit from non-EU to non-EU countries).


National strategies/policies- Multi Year Plan on hazardous waste;- Ten Year Program on waste (non-hazardous including household waste);

and- Cleaner production program: industries are encouraged to reduce the

amount of waste produced. Goal is the reduction of 10% relative to the amount of waste. Most measures that are taken are optimization of processes (better use of raw materials and internal recycling).

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Decree on landfill ban for specific hazardous and other waste.

Economic instruments/ initiatives- Tax on landfill; decision to increase tax for landfill of household waste

and combustible non-hazardous waste; and- Tax-reduction for companies investing in environmentally friendly

technology, specified in an official Tax-regulation. Hundreds of machines, systems, or specific additional installations are mentioned.

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Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Specific measures at polluting industries (for example, a change over in

the process of Zinc production reduces the amount of waste considerably); and

- Voluntary agreements with industry to reduce the amount of waste.

Others- Governmental support: subsidies on quick scans focused on possibilities

to reduce waste, advises to industry; and- Regulatory instruments: permitting procedures also take waste prevention

into account. General rules for small and intermediate sized companies.


National strategies/policies- Multi Year Plan on hazardous waste; and- Ten Year Program on waste (non-hazardous including household waste).


Some of the facilities are:Disposal operations- AVR Chemie, PO Box 1120, 3180 AC Rozenburg;- Akzo Nobel Chemicals, Welplaatweg 12, 3197 KS Rotterdam Botlek;- Orion B.V., PO Box 553, 9200 AN Drachten, ATM Moerdijk B.V.,

Vlasweg 12, 4782 PW Moerdijk;- Verstraeten & Verbrugge Milieubeheer B.V.,PO Box 445, 4530 AK

Terneuzen; and- Argentia, Middenweg 7, 4782 PM Moerdijk, landfill sites and house hold

waste incinerators.Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- ATM Moerdijk B.V., Vlasweg 12, 4782 PW Moerdijk;- Knowaste B.V., PO Box 5320, 6802 EH Arnhem;- Ecotechniek, PO Box 40233, 3504 AA Utrecht;- Jacomij Metalen Wijk bij Duurstede;- Metabel Deurne; and- Edelchemie, Panheel.

For a complete list and further information, the Competent Authority could be contacted.


A bilateral agreement with the Antilles (Netherlands) was effective between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2000, covering all types of hazardous waste for recovery and disposal in an incineration plant; disposal by way of landfill is not allowed.

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- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, LAE, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven;

- Waste Management Council, PO Box 19015, 3501 DA Utrecht;- LMA, PO Box 241, 3440 AE Woerden;- Association of Dutch Waste Processors, PO Box 135, 4840 AC Breda-

Prinsenbeek;- Inspectorate of the Environment “Incident Room” phone +31 70 339

4341, fax +31 70 339 1301; and- Association of Provinces (IPO), PO Box 97728, 2509 GC The Hague.

In 2000, a chair in solid waste management has been established at the IHE Institute in Delft which offers training program for solid waste management, either in Deft or in the country requesting for the training (Details: [email protected]).

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NEW ZEALAND



Ministry of Economic DevelopmentPO Box 1473, Wellingtontel: (64-4) 472-0030fax: (64-4) 499-0969e-mail: [email protected] site: www.med.govt.nz

Ministry for the EnvironmentPO Box 10362, Wellingtontel: (64-4) 917-7452fax: (64-4) 917-7523e-mail: [email protected] site: www.mfe.govt.nz

National Definition

There is currently no national definition of waste. The Ministry for the Environment has developed a National Waste Minimisation and Management Strategy that includes a definition of waste. The Strategy defines waste as:

"Any material, solid, liquid, or gas, that is unwanted and/or unvalued and discarded or discharged".

The Strategy outlines changes necessary for an effective legal foundation for waste management and the definition will be incorporated into any new legislation.

The New Zealand Definition of Hazardous Waste, which is still under development, will be used in the consideration of Basel/Waigani/OECD import Consent Notifications but otherwise Basel definitions will continue to apply. (the Draft New Zealand Definition of Hazardous Waste is annexed to this CFS)

The new legislation, the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996, will come into force on 2 July 2001. This will cover imports of all materials defined as hazardous substances under the legislation including those classed as wastes if (i) they exceed a specific threshold in one or more of particular categories of flammability, explosiveness, capacity to oxidise, corrosiveness, toxicity or eco-toxicity and (ii) have not previously been transferred to, or approved under, the legislation.

Therefore in some circumstances a material subject to an import notification

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under Basel/OECD procedures may also require approval under HSNO. In circumstances where a material has previously been transferred or approved under HSNO no additional HSNO approval will be required but specific control conditions (e.g. relating to disposal, transport or tracking etc) may apply. However, some materials defined as hazardous wastes under Basel/OECD definitions will not be defined as substances under the HSNO (e.g. products such as lead acid batteries etc). The Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA) is charged with implementing the HSNO legislation and the New Zealand Competent Authority for Basel/OECD procedures will liaise with ERMA on hazardous waste import issues.

In New Zealand there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

Data* on the Generation and Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes** and Other Wastesy*** in 2000 (as reported)





exported1 466 1)


imported11 100 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 864

mt + total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)b: 602 mt.2) Figure refers to Y31.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in New Zealand.

Restrictions on export for final disposalNew Zealand restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Customs Export Prohibition Order 1999 (replacing the 1994 and 1996 Orders). Country/region and waste covered by this restriction are as per Basel Convention/OECD requirements.

Restrictions on export for recoveryNew Zealand restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for

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recovery. The relevant legislation is the Customs Export Prohibition Order 1999 (replacing the 1994 and 1996 Orders). Country/region and waste covered by this restriction are as per Basel Convention/OECD requirements. The Waigani Convention will come into force on 21 October 2001 and New Zealand will then be prohibited from exporting hazardous wastes to Parties to this Convention.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryNew Zealand restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Import Control (Wastes) Prohibition Order 1994. Country/region and waste covered by this restriction are as per Basel Convention/OECD requirements. The Waigani Convention will come into force on 21 October 2001 and New Zealand will then be able to consent to imports of hazardous wastes from Parties to this Convention.

Restrictions on transitNew Zealand restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes, as applied through relevant import and export regulations. Transit consents required.


National strategies/policiesThe New Zealand Waste Strategy has been developed to look for ways to minimise New Zealand’s waste and improve its management. The Strategy includes four main work programmes:

- Institutions and legislation - ensuring we have a sound legal framework for waste minimisation and management, with clear roles for central, regional and local government; ensuring good planning, and compliance with international conventions.

- Waste reduction and materials efficiency - developing tools and techniques to reduce waste and maximise re-use, recycling and recovery; removing obstacles to the use of recovered materials, and developing economic incentives to change wasteful behaviour.

- Information and communication - collecting the right information on waste minimisation and management; enhancing community understanding of waste issues, and encouraging individual efforts to reduce waste.

- Standards and guidelines - setting consistently high environmental performance standards for waste treatment and disposal, transport and storage; having all waste facilities account for the full cost of their operation and charge accordingly.

The strategy sets national targets for dealing with various waste streams. Some key targets relate to:

- Re-using and recycling high-volume wastes (eg, garden wastes, sewage sludge, and building and demolition wastes).

- Minimising and managing hazardous wastes (eg, organochlorines, contaminated sites, and hazardous components in business waste).

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- Upgrading waste disposal facilities (eg, closing or upgrading substandard landfills and wastewater treatment plants).

- Charging waste generators the true environmental cost of treatment and disposal (eg, charging full cost at landfills).

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Resource Management Act 1991;- Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996; and- Guidelines for the Management of Hazardous Waste (under development

by the Ministry for the Environment).

Economic instruments/initiativesEncouragement for appropriate disposal pricing initiatives.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsSector based cleaner production initiatives.


National strategies/policiesThe measures taken for reduction of the amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes subject to the transboundary movement are same as the measures taken for reduction and/or elimination of hazardous waste generation.

However, consents to export are subject to prior consideration of local capabilities.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesGuidelines for the management of hazardous waste are being developed, initially focussing on record keeping and tracking of hazardous waste. There are existing guidelines for best practice treatment and disposal of hazardous waste that are to be reviewed.


- OECD Council decision C(92)39 Final; Decision of the Council concerning the control of Transfrontier Movements of Hazardous Wastes Destined for recovery Operations effective since 30 March 1992; and

- The Waigani Convention agreement for Pacific Forum countries which enables New Zealand to take wastes from pacific island countries for recovery, disposal or transit when the exporter is not a Basel Convention/OECD Party, effective since 21 October 2001.


- Director, Centre for Sustainable Management, Dept of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland.


Disposal facilities- Waste Resources Ltd, Auckland, gas fired incineration of pharmaceutical,

medical, solvent, plastic wastes etc. (D10);- United Environmental Ltd, Auckland, limited land based treatment

facilities (D9); and- Waste Management NZ Ltd, landfilling of limited types of materials (eg

asbestos) (D5).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Exide NZ Ltd, Petone, Wellington, lead acid battery recovery (R4);- Milburn Cement Ltd Westport, used lubricating oil recovery (R1);- WPC Ltd Pukekohe, used lubricating oil recovery (R1); and- BP/Castrol, Wellington, used lubricating oil recovery (R9).

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Draft New Zealand Definition of Hazardous Waste

Hazardous waste is any waste1 that: Contains hazardous substances at sufficient concentrations to exceed the minimum degrees of

hazard specified by Hazardous Substances (Minimum Degrees of Hazard) Regulations 2000 under the Hazardous Substances and New Organism Act 1996, or

Meets the definition for infectious substances included in the Land Transport Rule: Dangerous Goods 1999 and NZ Standard 5433: 1999 – Transport of Dangerous Goods on Land2, or

Meets the definition for radioactive material included in the Radiation Protection Act 1965 and Regulations 19823.

1 Waste is defined as any material, whether it is liquid, solid or gas, that is unwanted and unvalued and discarded or discharged by its holder. In the context of defining waste, “unwanted and unvalued” relates, but is not limited to, any material from the categories listed in Table 1.

Table 1: Categories of materials that are unwanted or unvaluedThis list is taken from Table 1 of OECD Decision C(88)90(Final).W1 Production residues not otherwise specified belowW2 Off-specification productsW3 Products whose date for appropriate use has expiredW4 Materials spilled, lost or having undergone other mishap including any materials,

equipment etc. contaminated as a result of the mishapW5 Materials contaminated or soiled as a result of planned actions (e.g. residues from

cleaning operations, packing materials, containers, etc.)W6 Unusable parts (e.g. reject batteries, exhausted catalysts, etc.)W7 Substances which no longer perform satisfactorily (e.g. contaminated acid,

contaminated solvents, exhausted tempering salts, etc.)W8 Residues of industrial processes (e.g. slags, still bottoms, etc.)W9 Residues from pollution abatement processes (e.g. scrubber sludges, baghouse dusts,

spent filters, etc.)W10 Machining/finishing residues (e.g. lathe turnings, mill scales, etc.)W11 Residues from raw materials processing (e.g. mining residues, oil field slops, etc.)W12 Adulterated materials (e.g. oils contaminated with PCBs, etc.)W13 Any materials, substances or products whose use has been banned by law in the

country of exportationW14 Products for which there is no further use (e.g. agriculture, household, office,

commercial and shop discards, etc.)W15 Materials, substances or products resulting from remedial actions with respect to

contaminated landW16 Any materials, substances or products which the generator or exporter declares to be

wastes and which are not contained in the above categories

2 Substances known, or reasonably expected, to contain pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, ricksettia, parasites, fungi or recombinant micro-organisms (hybrid or mutant) that are known, or reasonably expected, to cause infectious disease in humans or animals that are exposed to them.

3 Radioactive material means any article containing a radioactive substance giving it a specific radioactivity exceeding 100 kilobecquerels per kilogram and a total radioactivity exceeding 3 kilobecquerels.

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NORWAY



Ministry of EnvironmentPostbox 8013 Dep0030 Oslo, NorwayTel: (47-22) 24-5803Fax: (47-22) 24-9560e-mail: [email protected] site: www.miljo.no

Norwegian Pollution Control AuthorityPostbox 8100Dep0032 Oslo, Norwaytel: (47-22) 57-3400fax: (47-22) 67-6706e-mail: [email protected] site: www.sft.no

National Definition

Waste means discarded objects or substances. Waste also includes superfluous objects from service activities, production and treatment plants etc. Waste water and exhaust gases are not regarded as waste.

Special waste means waste which cannot be appropriately treated together with consumer waste because of its size, or because it may lead to serious pollution or risk of injury to persons or animals (hazardous waste).

Norway has implemented EU regulation 259/93 with the attached waste lists in EU regulation 2408/98 which i.a. contains the Basel Convention’s annex VIII and IX (A and B lists).

Some oily and chemical wastes from the offshore industry require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported116 698


imported175 381 3)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) The amounts are based on surveys made in 1988 and 1994 for art. 1(1)a wastes. 2) Waste slag is not included.3) Includes the amount of Aluminium containing wastes imported: 108 252 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Norway.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryNorway restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is General regulation of 30th December 1994 on transboundary movement of waste (which is the implementation of EU regulation 259/93). The restriction covers non-OECD countries.

Restrictions on transit and import for final disposal and for recoveryNorway has the same restrictions on the transit and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery as the Basel Convention. The relevant legislation is General Regulation of 30th December 1994 on transboundary movement of waste.


National strategies/policiesA semi-governmental company got a license in 1997 to build a pretreatment facility (started operating in 1999) for organic hazardous waste which is incinerated in a cement factory in Norway. This company also runs a treatment facility for landfilling inorganic hazardous waste. The waste is landfilled in an old mine after having undergone a chemical treatment. The landfill has been under continuous upgrading and got a new license in 1997.

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Disposal facilitiesApproximately 10 facilities are licensed to dispose specific types of hazardous wastes.

For a complete list, the Focal Point could be contacted.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesApproximately 5 facilities are licensed to recover specific types of hazardous wastes. Approximately 20 facilities are licensed to incinerate waste oil of specified quality.

For a complete list, the Focal Point could be contacted.


The OECD decision of 30 March 1992 C(92)39 FINAL


None.

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OMAN



The Ministry of Regional Municipalities, Environment and Water Resources

Director General of Environmental AffairsP.O. Box 323, Muscat 113tel: (968) 69-2535fax: (968) 69-2462e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

Definition of “waste” and “hazardous waste” is the same: “Waste that maintains its toxic, explosive and combusting properties, or its capability to cause corrosion, or having radiation activity of more than 100 Becquerels per gramme, and which by its nature, formulation, quantities or otherwise poses a risk to human health and life, or to the environment, whether by itself or as a result of its contact with other waste”. (This is the English translation of the official version, which is in Arabic, from the new Royal Decree 114/2001 dated December 2001 and this provides update to the original Law which was issued in 1982).


In Oman there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported1 036


importedNo import


1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45). No data available for the Salalah City areas in the south of Oman.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Oman.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryOman restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Law on the Conservation of the Environment and Prevention of Pollution, issued by Royal Decree Number 114/2001 and entered into force in December 2001; and Regulations for the Management of Hazardous Waste, issued by Ministerial Decision Number 18/93 and entered into force on 2nd February 1993. (This provides update to the original Law which was issued in 1982). The restriction covers all countries and all wastes.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryOman restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Law on the Conservation of the Environment and Prevention of Pollution, issued by Royal Decree Number 114/2001 and entered into force in December 2001; and Regulations for the Management of Hazardous Waste, issued by Ministerial Decision Number 18/93 and entered into force on 2nd February 1993. (This provides update to the original Law which was issued in 1982). The restriction covers all countries and all wastes.

Restrictions on transitOman has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.

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National strategies/policiesOngoing Remedial Action Master plans in respect of hazardous waste treatment and recycling of hazardous organic solvents from pharmaceutical manufacturing and crude oil industry wastes.

Cleaner production technology and waste minimization plan is now required at industrial development planning stage in issuing clearance for environmental permit.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Regulations for the Management of Hazardous Waste;- Oilfield Production Water Management Plan;- Master Plan for Groundwater Pollution Protection; and- Law on Protection of Sources of Potable Water from Pollution.

Economic instruments/ initiativesSelf-driven economics related to cost saving and re-use benefits in preference to disposal costs.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsReed bed technology experiments have now led to the full scale pilot project for the removal of hydrocarbons and heavy metals from oilfield production water.

Cyanide based gold extraction process – all tailings are press dried and filtrate is recycled. Dry Press cake is deposited in securely lined dam. Constant monitoring programme is in place with over 100 sample analyses per month.

OthersSaponification plant set up to convert waste cooking oil into soap.


National strategies/policiesDirect monitoring and control by the Competent Authority which is also the National Regulatory Body for Environmental Affairs. A full Department is tasked with waste management and control as well as pollution prevention. Regular and random site inspections take place all over the country.

A national Hazardous Waste Management Project is currently being developed so as to collect, transport, treat and dispose of all hazardous waste arising in Oman that will require disposal. This is expected to be operating by 2004. It is expected that the cost of waste treatment and disposal will create reduction of generated quantities. Initial tender bids for the project are invited early 2002. Completion stage anticipated by 2004.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesRegulations for the Management of Hazardous Waste.

Economic instruments/ initiatives

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Financial penalties for violation of environmental law. Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsThere are indications of in-house house waste minimization activities now starting to take place due to impending charges for hazardous waste reception, treatment and disposal as part of the forthcoming national hazardous waste management project.


Disposal facilities- Oman Mining Company, cyanide based (dried) tailings from gold

extraction, landfill (secure storage), tailings dam (D5); and lined evaporation ponds for electrolyte slurries for copper refining and cyanide bleed streams (D4);

- Petroleum Development of Oman Company, hazardous waste management facilities for chemical waste (D5) and oil contaminated soil (D2 followed by D1);

- Oman Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Company, chemical sludges and residues from pharmaceutical manufacture, secure storage (D15); and

- Oman Liquefied Natural Gas Company, hazardous waste management facilities for chemical and industrial waste, secure storage (D15).

All hazardous waste arising in Oman are monitored by the competent authority on a constant basis. All data is recorded in the national hazardous waste database.



The Kuwait Regional Convention for Cooperation on the Protection of the Marine Environment from Pollution has been signed in March 1998 between Oman, Kuwait and all Gulf States of the Arabian Gulf Region Seas. All categories of hazardous wastes in accordance with the Annexes of the Basel Convention, with special focus on marine impacts are covered.


The available source is:

Ministry of Regional Municipalities, Environment and Water Resources, Director General of Environmental Affairs.

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PANAMA



Department of Environmental HealthMinistry of HealthCalle Gorgas, Ancon, Edificio 265Apartado 2048, Panama 1tel: (507) 212-9274/9271/9412fax: (507) 212-9286/9487e-mail: [email protected]

Department of Environmental HealthMinistry of HealthCalle Gorgas, Ancon, Edificio 265Apartado 2048, Panama 1tel: (507) 212-9274/9271/9412fax: (507) 212-9286/9487

National Definition

There is a national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste.

Toxic or pollutant wastes are any substance, radioactive or not, with elements that immediately or after some delay are capable of causing harm to human health or to any kind of animal or plant life, or produce effects harmful to the ecological balance of the country.


In Panama there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Panama.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryPanama has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal

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Panama restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Act No. 8 of 7 June 1991, which prohibits the importation of toxic or pollutant wastes into the territory of the Republic of Panama; and the Act No. 13 of 21 April 1995, Regional Agreement on Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes, which covers Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

Restrictions on import for recoveryPanama restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Act No. 8 of 7 June 1991, which prohibits the importation of toxic or pollutant wastes into the territory of the Republic of Panama.

Restrictions on transitIn Panama the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes by land is forbidden and it must comply with registration and control in order to be able to transit via the Panama Canal.


National strategies/policiesFramework Law on the Management of Hazardous Wastes, which includes articles on waste minimisation.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe “Regulatory Framework of Hazardous Wastes Management” is under discussion.



Disposal facilitiesCerro Patacon sanitary landfill, sanitary landfill for non-hazardous wastes.

Further information could be obtained from “Direccion Municipal de Aseo Urbano y Domiciliario”.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Panama refinery, refining of petroleum and its derivatives (R9);- Eco-Klean S.A., processing of waste oil (R9);- Derivados de Petroleo S.A., industry for asphalt emulsion (R1); and- Procesos y Analisis Metalogicos, S.A., processing and analysis of metals

(PB) (R4).


Regional Agreement on the Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama), effective 21 April 1995, ban on importation from non-Party countries.

275


None.

276


PAPUA NEW GUINEA



DirectorOffice of Environment and ConservationP.O. Box 6601, Boroko, NCDtel: (675) 325-0180fax: (675) 325-0182


National Definition

Papua New Guinea is preparing a national definition of waste and hazardous waste to be used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste.

The Environmental Contaminants Act (1978) does not define waste or hazardous waste, however it defines “hazardous environmental contaminant” as a substance registered under section 32 (2) as a hazardous environmental substance. Section 32 (2) states … The Minister may, by notice publish in the National Gazette, declare a substance to be hazardous environmental contaminant, and register it in Part I of the Register as a hazardous environmental contaminant. The hazardous environmental contaminants Register basically deals with pesticides. The Environment Act 2000 (EA) defines hazardous contaminants as a substance prescribed by regulation as a hazardous environmental contaminant under Section133(2).

Papua New Guinea regulates/controls additional wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention. These wastes are: materials containing radionuclides; obsolete chemicals, such as chlorine gas in cylinders for recovery.

In Papua New Guinea there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported3


importedNo import



Amendment to the Basel ConventionPapua New Guinea is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryPapua New Guinea has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryPapua New Guinea is in a preparatory process to restrict import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. Necessary policies are under preparation.

Restrictions on transitPapua New Guinea has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. However, review of Environment Legislation will include this matter.


National strategies/policiesIn preparation.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesIndustry specific environmental codes of practice.

Economic instruments/initiativesNot in place.

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National strategies/policiesThe National Waste Strategy is being developed.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesDraft Hazardous Substance Regulation to be reviewed and updated.

Economic instruments/initiativesNot in place.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsInformation is not available.



Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Lae Battery Services, Josey St., Lae, Morobe Province, collection,

packaging and export of drained lead acid batteries (R4);- PNG Recycling, P.O. Box 3647, Boroko, NCD, collection, packaging and

export of drained lead acid batteries (R4); and- Pondrilei Recycling PTY Ltd., P.O. Box 647, Lae, Morobe Province,

collection, packaging and export of paper, cardboard and PET plastic.


The Waigani Convention (1992), concerning the movement and trade of hazardous wastes within the Pacific Region.


Some of the available source are:

- Office of Environment and Conservation, P.O. Box 6601, Boroko, NCD;- University of Papua New Guinea, P.O.Box 320, University P.O., NCD;- PNG University of Technology, PMB, Lae, Morobe Province;- International Revenue Commission – Customs, P.O. Box 777, Pt

Moresby, NCD; and- Maritime Division, Department of Transport, P.O. Box 1489, Pt Moresby,

NCD.


279


PARAGUAY



Direccion de Planificacion EstrategicaSecretaria del AmbienteMadame Lynch 1500 Asunciontel: (595-21) 61-5809fax: (595-21) 61-5809e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

Hazardous wastes are those wastes of industrial processes or others, that because of their toxic (corrosive), explosive (reactive), inflammable, carcinogenic (teratogenic) or mutagenic, radioactive characteristics they can cause morbility or mortality in the living population and adverse effects to the environment.

For the purpose of this Regulation the table of categories of hazardous wastes adopted by the Basel Convention included in Annex I, shall be considered.


In Paraguay there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Paraguay.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryParaguay has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other

280

wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryParaguay restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on transitParaguay restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. In the MERCOSUR Treaty (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay), the authorities are trying to introduce articles of the Basel, POP’s and PIC Conventions.


None.


MERCOSUR (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay).


The available sources are: Sobrevivencia ONGs; Altervida ONGs; SENASA – Ministry of Health; and Univesidad de quimica.

281


PERU



Office of the Director-General for Environmental Health

Ministry of HealthLas Amapolas 350 Lince-Limatel: (51-1) 442-8353/6fax: (51-1) 440-6562e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

Ministry of Industry, Tourism, Integration and International Trade NegotiationsOffice of the Deputy Minister for IndustryOffice of the National Director for Industries

Office of the Director for Environmental AffairsCalle Uno Oeste No. 50Urbanización Corpac, San Isidro, Lima 27tel: (51-1) 224-3275fax: (51-1) 224-3264e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Ministry of Industry, Tourism, Integration and International Trade NegotiationsOffice of the Deputy Minister for IndustryOffice of the National Director for Industries

Office of the Director for Environmental AffairsCalle Uno Oeste No. 50Urbanización Corpac, San Isidro, Lima 27tel: (51-1) 224-3275fax: (51-1) 224-3264e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

National Definition

There is no definition of waste for the purpose of transboundary movements of wastes; however, there is a General Solid Wastes Act, Act No. 27314 published on 21 July 2000, in which the following definition of solid wastes is laid down:

Article 14 – Definition of solid wastesSolid wastes are those substances, products or by-products in solid or semi-solid state which the generator of such wastes disposes of, or is required to dispose of, by virtue of the provisions of national regulations or because of the risks they cause to health and the environment, for management by means of a system including the following operations or processes, as appropriate: waste minimization; segregation at source; resupply; storage;

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collection; commercialization; and transport.

This definition has made it possible for the population to identify solid wastes and all wastes declared as such must be subject to the corresponding provisions, including, for example, the provisions of the Basel Convention.

The definition of hazardous waste is in accordance with the Basel Convention.

Furthermore, the General Solid Wastes Act, Act No 27314, states:

Article 22 – Definition of hazardous solid wastes22.1 The hazardous solid wastes are those that by its characteristics or management, could represent a important risk for the health or environment.22.2 Without prejudice of the international standard in force for the country, the hazardous solid wastes are those with the following characteristics: self combustible, explosive, corrosive, reactive, toxic, radioactive or pathogenic.


The import of all types of waste is controlled in Peru and those which have been shown not to be hazardous are admitted.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Peru.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryPeru does not restrict the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The exporter must ask the Ministry of Health's DIGESA to apply procedure No. 44 on Notifying the importing Country for the export of hazardous wastes with certain requirements specific to this procedure having to be complied with under the Single Text of Administrative Procedures in the Health Sector (Regulation promulgated by means of Supreme Decree No. 002-99-SA). However, this procedure is not a restriction.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryPeru restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are:

- The Supreme Decree No. 036-88-SA entered into force in 1988.

The entry into the national territory of all types of wastes or any other waste material resulting from a process of production, extraction or processing, use or consumption is prohibited; as well as radioactive wastes.

Included in the ban laid down in the previous article are materials or by-products which are capable of being reused or consumed for industrial purposes, with the exception of those in respect of which it has been reliably

283

certified that they will not cause any damage or negative impact on public health or the environment in the course of local processing or reuse.

- Act 27314 - General Solid Wastes Act, entered into force on 22 July 2000

Article 17, Introduction of wastes - The import of solid wastes into the national territory is prohibited. Only exceptionally shall the import of solid wastes destined exclusively for recycling, reuse or recovery activities be permitted, subject to prior substantiated authorization issued in the form of a decision by the Ministry of Health's DIGESA. This authorization shall be granted for successive import operations in a specific period, once it has been shown that the same type of waste originating from the same source of supply is to be imported.

This restriction is applicable throughout the Country and for the wastes specified in it.

Restrictions on transitPeru restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislations are:

- Act 27314 - General Solid Wastes Act, entered into force on 22 July 2000

Article 17.- Introduction of wastes 17.2 No authorization for import or transit through the national territory shall be granted for wastes which, by virtue of their radioactive nature or their handling requirements, are hazardous for human health and the environment. The Office of the Director-General for Captaincies and Coastguards of the Navy of the Ministry of Defence may prohibit entry to national waters and ports to vessels which are carrying wastes as transit cargo if they do not comply with the transport safety norms and formalities for legal entry into the national territory for transit purposes laid down in international Agreements signed by Peru and other legal norms in force.

- Basel Convention Legislative Resolution No. 26234 in force since 21 February 1994.

The restrictions cover all countries at the international level and all types of waste.

Furthermore, all countries soliciting transit of hazardous waste must inform, with the notification, the following: contract between exporter and importer; bank guarantees; list of forwarders; quantity of recyclable material in relation to waste (%); transit countries; and description of the process and recycling Plant (destination).

Reduction and/or Elimination of Hazardous Waste

National strategies/policies- Implementation of regulations under an Act based on the principle of

minimization of solid wastes. In this regard it promotes:- Development and use of production and marketing technologies,

methods, practices and processes which encourage the minimization or reuse of solid wastes and their proper handling.

284

Generation - Encouragement of the Reuse of solid wastes and the additional adoption of processing practices and proper final disposal, etc.

- Surveillance of enterprises which handle imported wastes for preventive purposes, identifying risks, proposing proper monitoring which does not endanger occupational and public health and the environment.

- Promotion of recycling oriented towards the use of industrial waste exchanges and validation of clean technologies which market wastes presented as products subject to quality control.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Supreme Decree No. 036-88-SA, banning the import into the national

territory of all types of wastes, entered into force in 1988;- Act 27314 - General Solid Wastes Act, entered into force on 22 July

2000;- Technical Guide for the Proper Handling of Polychlorinated Biphenyl

Wastes; and- Guide for the Management of Solid Hospital Wastes

Economic instruments/ initiativesCertification of enterprises which handle solid wastes as solid waste service providers which will be duly registered.

Implementation of a set of charges on the basis of technical criteria which ensure fairness in investment in obtaining the service.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsOrganization of the industry through industry unions for the purpose of dissemination of the regulations under the General Wastes Act so that all businessmen enjoy the benefits of being familiar with them, ensuring their certification and compliance with obligations and enjoyment of their rights.

Cleaning up of activities related to Solid Wastes in their sphere of activity.

OthersEstablishment of audit machinery which will guarantee the proper development of solid waste management

Introduction of information systems which will allow monitoring of achievements and shortcomings in the area of solid waste management.


National strategies/policiesHealth Surveillance Programme at border points in coordination with Customs, so that only wastes of value and not hazardous wastes enter the Country.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Act 27314 - General Solid Wastes Act, entered into force on 22 July

2000; and- Procedure No. 45 on Health Authorization for the import of non-

hazardous wastes under the Single Text of Administrative Procedures in

285

the Health Sector.

Economic instruments/ initiatives- Promotion of the use of industrial waste exchanges; and- Implementation of the Basel Convention and regulations under the

General Solid Wastes Act - Act 27314.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsOrganization of the industry through industry unions for dissemination of the regulations under the General Wastes Act so that all businessmen enjoy the benefits of being familiar with them, ensuring their certification and compliance with obligations and enjoyment of their rights.Cleaning up of activities related to Solid Wastes in their sphere of activity.

OthersPromotion of recycling and the use of clean technologies.


Disposal facilities- Portillo Grande, Lurin, Relima, sanitary landfill, area method (D1);- Zapallal, Puente Piedra, Relima, sanitary landfill, area method (D1); and- Huaycoloro, Huarochiri, Petramas, sanitary landfill, area method (D1).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Corporation Aceros Arequipa, infrastructure: electric-arc furnace, ladle

furnace (R4); and- Tecnofil S.A., electric furnace (R4).


None.



- Programa Bianual en Salud Ambiental (EPH) de la Organizacion Panamericanade la Salud (OPS);

- Red Panamericana de Manejo Ambiental de Residuos Solidos (REPAMAR) de la Agencia de Cooperation Alemana (GTZ); and

- Proyecto de Gestions Ambiental de la AID.

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POLAND



Chief InspectorChief Inspectorate for Environmental Protectionul. Wawelska 52/54, 00-922 Warsawtel: (48-22) 825-1104fax: (48-22) 825-1104e-mail: [email protected] site: www.pios.gov.pl

Treaty DepartmentMinistry of Foreign AffairsJ. Ch. Szucha 23, 00-580 Warsawtel: (48-22) 523-94 24fax: (48-22) 523-38 329e-mail: [email protected] site: www.msz.gov.pl

National Definition

In the light of the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001 (O.J. of 2 June 2001, No.62, Item 628; came into force in October 2001) “waste” shall mean any substance or object in one of the categories listed in Annex I to this Act with the holder thereof discards or intends or is required to discard.

In the light of the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001 (came into force in October 2001), “hazardous waste” shall mean waste: 1) belonging to the categories or types of waste featuring in List A in Annex

2 to this Act and displaying at least one of the properties enumerated in Annex 4 to this Act, or

2) belonging to the categories or types of waste featuring in List B in Annex 2 to this Act, containing any of the constituents enumerated in Annex 3 and displaying at least one of the properties enumerated in Annex 4 to this Act.

Annex 2 features categories or types of hazardous waste. Annex 3 features constituents of wastes which render them hazardous.

The Minister responsible for the environment laid down the ordinance on the waste catalogue (O.J. of 2001, No. 112, Item 1206). The new national list of hazardous wastes is part of the waste catalogue. New waste classification is consistent with EU classification.

National list of hazardous waste is defined in the ordinance of the Minister of Environment on the waste catalogue (O.J. of 2001, No. 112, Item 1206). Wastes are divided into 20 groups, depending on source of generation. National list of hazardous waste is similar to Basel Convention Annexes I

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http://www.pios.gov.pl/


and II list of waste, but it is not identical.

In Poland there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.







exported8 368


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b. Data incomparable with previous

years in view of new waste classification.2) Data incomparable with previous years in view of new waste classification.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionPoland is in a preparatory process of ratification of the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryPoland restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and recovery. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001,art. 66. The restriction covers all countries. Hazardous waste exports can take place with authorization from the Chief Inspector for Environmental Protection provided that the requirements set out in Article 66 par. 2 are satisfied. The same provisions shall apply respectively to shipments of hazardous waste trough the territory of the State of Poland. Non-hazardous waste exports do not require authorization from the Chief Inspector for Environmental Protection.

Restrictions on import for final disposalPoland restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001, art. 65. The restriction covers all countries. The import of hazardous waste and other waste for final disposal is totally prohibited.

288

Restrictions on import for recoveryPoland restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001, art. 65. The restriction covers all countries. Hazardous waste imports can take place with authorization from the Chief Inspector for Environmental Protection, issued by way of a decision, provided that the requirements set out in Article 65 par. 8 are satisfied. Import of waste mixed with objects or substances which are not waste, will be prohibited. By way of a regulation, the minister responsible for the environment shall lay down the types of hazardous waste authorised for import, the period over which such types of waste may be imported and their quantities, taking into account the needs of the national economy and the feasibility of their recovery in a manner presenting no danger to human life and health and to the environment. Import of non-hazardous waste shall be effected only upon authorisation by a decision of the Chief Inspector for Environmental Protection. Regulations concerning authorisation of non-hazardous waste imports shall apply respectively to authorisation of hazardous waste imports. The minister responsible for the environment laid down the ordinance on the list of wastes whose import do not require a permit of the Chief Inspector for Environmental Protection (O.J. of 14 April 1998, No.47, Item 299, as amended on 14 March 2000, O.J. of 8 April 2000, No. 20, Item 251).

Restrictions on transitPoland restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001, art. 66. The restriction covers all countries. Hazardous waste transit can take place with authorization from the Chief Inspector for Environmental Protection provided that the requirements set out in Article 66 par.2 are satisfied. Non-hazardous waste transit does not require authorization from the Chief Inspector for Environmental Protection.


National strategies/policiesThe reduction of hazards posed by hazardous waste is one of the priorities of the National Environmental Policy. Passing the National Plan on Waste Management by the Council of Ministers is planned till the end of October 2002.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe new Act on Waste regulates the issues related to hazardous waste management.

Compared with the previous Act, the new Act imposes more demanding standards for the landfill and incineration of waste (in line with the EU requirements). The system of permits for the generation and further handling of hazardous waste will be maintained. The obligations of economic operators and the administration in the scope of information is expanded.

Economic instruments/ initiatives289

The Act on Economic Operators’ Obligations in the Scope of Managing Certain Types of Waste and on the Product and Deposit Charges (O.J. of 2001, No.63, Item 639), entered into force on 1 January 2002. It contains legal and economic instruments (the obligation to recover waste - or pay product charges) promoting the establishment of a system for collection and recovery of certain types of hazardous waste (waste oils, discharge lamps, batteries and accumulators).


None.


None.



Institute of Environmental Protection; Main Mining Institute; Waste Management Institute; and State Geological Institute – hazardous waste landfills.

290


PORTUGAL



Instituto dos ResiduosAv. Almirante Gago Coutinho, no. 30 – 5o piso1000-017 Lisbontel: (351-21) 842-4000fax: (351-21) 842-4099e-mail:[email protected] site: www.inresiduos.pt


National Definition

According to the Waste Act (Decree-Law 239/97 of September 9, 1997) waste shall mean any substance or object in the categories set out in Annex I of Portaria 818/97 which the holder discard or intends to or is required to discard (in accordance with EU Directive 75/442/EEC and the European Waste Catalog – Decision 94/3/EEC).

According to the Waste Act, hazardous waste shall mean waste which exhibit characteristics which can be harmful to health or the environment, namely those set out in Annex II of Portaria 818/97 (in accordance with EU Directive 91/689/EEC and the European Hazardous Waste List – Decision 94/904/EEC).

The wastes subject to control procedure are defined by the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community.

Any waste is subject to a control procedure in case of a transboundary movement destined for final disposal. All wastes destined for recovery within the OECD area have to be notified, except those listed in Annex II of Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 (identical to OECD green list of wastes).

Wastes that are not listed in Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 are subject to control procedures when subjected to transboundary movement.

291






exported96 609


imported4 976

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.**Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amountof hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 170 215 mt +

amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b: 24 509 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Portugal. Council Regulation (EC) No 120/97 amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 implements the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1). Portugal ratified Decision III/1 on 30 November 2000 (Aviso no 229/99, from 7 December 1999).

Restrictions on export for final disposalPortugal restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93, which entered into force in May 1994. The export of waste (hazardous and non hazardous) for final disposal outside the European Community is prohibited, except to those EFTA countries that are also parties to the Basel Convention. Thus, in order to implement the principles of proximity and self-sufficiency at national level, the export of waste for final disposal can be restricted.

Restriction on export for recoveryPortugal restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93, as amended by Council Regulation No 120/97 and commission Regulation 2408/98. It is prohibited to export waste listed in Annex V for recovery into all countries to which the OECD Council Decision C92(39)FINAL does not apply. Annex V contains wastes listed in Annex VIII of the Basel Convention, wastes included in the OECD Amber and Red waste lists and wastes included in the European Hazardous Waste List.

Restrictions on import for final disposalPortugal restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93, which entered into force in May 1994. It is prohibited to import

292

wastes for final disposal from non-Parties to the Basel Convention, except from countries with which bilateral agreements exist.

Restrictions on import for recoveryPortugal restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93, which entered into force in May 1994. It is prohibited to import wastes for recovery from non-Parties to the Basel Convention, except from OECD countries and countries with which bilateral agreements exist.

Restrictions on transitPortugal restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93. The transit must be notified and can be objected.


National strategies/policies- Municipal Waste Strategy Plan, approved in July 1997, for the period

1998-2005;- Clinical Waste Strategy Plan, approved in June 1999, for the period

2000-2005;- Industrial Waste Strategy Plan, published on the 2nd December 1999, for

the period 2000-2020;- National Plan on Industrial Waste Prevention, approved in September

2000, for the period 2000-2015;- Action Plan on Municipal Waste, approved in 2000, for the period 2000-

2006; and- Agricultural Wastes Strategy Plan, preliminary version presented in June

1999. The final version is being developed.

Each Plan sets out changes required to achieve an environmental sound management of waste, aiming substantial increases in reuse, recycling, energy recovery and safe and adequate waste disposal. The plans also place a strong emphasis on waste minimization and on information and education campaigns.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe Waste Act (239/97), which entered into force on 9 September 1997, introduces the general obligation to prevent waste generation and to reduce its quantity and harmfulness. In order to implement this general obligation, there are several legislation based on producer responsibility, namely for batteries and accumulators, waste oils, PCB, packaging waste and sludge.

Economic instruments/ initiativesEuropean Union Funds, such as LIFE program.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Voluntary agreement with several industry sectors on environmental

improvement, namely on waste management;- Voluntary agreement on the treatment of end-of-life vehicles, from June

1999; and293

- Several enterprises adopted their own management systems, in accordance with ISO 14001 and the European Community Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) and Ecolabel.


National strategies/policies- Municipal Waste Strategy Plan, approved in July 1997, for the period

1998-2005;- Clinical Waste Strategy Plan, approved in June 1999, for the period

2000-2005;- Industrial Waste Strategy Plan, published on the 2nd December 1999, for

the period 2000-2020;- National Plan on Industrial Waste Prevention, approved in September

2000, for the period 2000-2015;- Action Plan on Municipal Waste, approved in 2000, for the period 2000-

2006; and- Agricultural Wastes Strategy Plan, preliminary version presented in June

1999. The final version is being developed.

Each Plan referred above sets out changes required in order to implement the principles of proximity and self-sufficiency at national level.

Great effort has been paid to the enforcement of the legislation on several waste streams, which created conditions for the construction of several waste management facilities in the country, namely for municipal solid waste, clinical waste, hazardous wastes, wastes from electric and electronic equipment, metals, solvents, oils, waste containing precious metals, tyres, plastics, glass, paper and cardboard etc.

Resulting from the publication of Decree-Law 321/99 of August 11, 1999, there are several landfills for non-hazardous industrial waste under construction.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesCouncil Regulation (EEC) No 259/93.

Economic instruments/ initiativesEuropean Union funds, such as PEDIP and POA.


There are several facilities licensed to waste management operations. A complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.


OECD Council Decision C(92)FINAL, concerning the control of transboundary movement of wastes destined for recovery operations.

294


Some of the available sources are:- Instituto dos Resíduos;- Inpecção Geral do Ambiente, Rua de “O Século”, 51, 1200-433 Lisbon;- Instituto Nacional Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial, Estrada do Paço do

Lumiar, 1699 Lisbon;- Associação Portuguesa Emp. Tecnologias Ambientais, Campo Grande,

294 – 3o dto, 1700 Lisbon; and- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica

The complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.

295


QATAR



Secretary GeneralThe Supreme Council for Environment and

Natural ReservesP.O. Box 7634, Dohatel: (974) 443-7176 and 443-6048fax: (974) 441-5246

The Supreme Council for Environment and Natural ReservesP.O. Box 7634, Dohatel: (974) 442-6048fax: (974) 441-5246e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

National Definition

The national definition of waste and hazardous waste is in accordance with the Basel Convention.


Radioactive waste requires special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 280 1)



exportedNo export


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.

296

*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (annex I: Y1-Y45).Restrictions on Transboundary Movement

Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Qatar. The country is coordinating with its neighboring countries to implement in the same way through the Kuwait Regional Convention for Cooperation on the Protection of the Marine Environment from Pollution, 1978. Rules have been signed by the Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC) in this regard on 17 March, 1998.

Restrictions on export for final disposalQatar restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislations are the Rules on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, 1997, published by the State of Qatar and the relevant protocol under the Kuwait Convention, 1978. The restriction covers Qatar and the signatories of the protocol of the Kuwait Convention. Export of hazardous waste and other wastes will be permitted only if the necessary facilities and technical capacity are not available in Qatar to ensure the disposal of the wastes in question in an environmentally sound manner.

Restriction on export for recoveryQatar has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. However, the importing country must certify the availability of appropriate facilities for treatment and recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryQatar restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Rules on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, 1997 of the State of Qatar and the Kuwait Regional Convention for Cooperation on the Protection of the Marine Environment from Pollution, 1978. The restriction covers Qatar and the signatory states. According to Section 3 of the Rules, the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes into the national territory is prohibited.

Restrictions on transitQatar restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislations are the Rules on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste, 1997. The transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes through the national territory is prohibited except in such cases where a specific approval is obtained form the Supreme Council for Environment and Natural Reserves in the State of Qatar.

297


National strategies/policiesIndustries have been suggested to recycle and re-use wastes wherever possible. Any new industry on operation is required to take a consent to establish as part of EIA procedure.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe generator would make continuous effort towards minimization of hazardous waste and other wastes and make annual assessment of the efforts for submission to the SCE in Qatar.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Spent catalysts are sold or given to recycling companies; and- Waste oils are collected and taken offsite by contractor for recycling.


National strategies/policiesTransboundary movements are prohibited in some specific cases.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAccording to the Rules on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste, 1997, transboundary movement is prohibited in the following cases:- To any destination south of 60o S latitude;- To any state which has imposed a ban on the import of such wastes;- To any state which cannot provide assurance as to its capacity to dispose

of such wastes in an environmentally sound manner; and- To any state which is not a party to the Basel Convention in the case of a

state which is party to a bilateral, multilateral or regional agreement.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIndustries/waste generators are following the Rules on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes, 1997.


Disposal facilities- Incineration at Halul Island, D11 operations; and- Hazardous Waste Treatment Centre Messaiced.

These facilities are under implementation.


298


Protocol on the Control of Marine Transboundary Movements and Disposal of Hazardous Waste and Other Wastes, signed by 8 states (Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates) on 17 March 1998.


The available sources are the University of Qatar and Qatar Petroleum.

299


REPUBLIC OF KOREA



Management Division Wonju Regional Environmental Management

Office242-2 Myeongryun-dongWonju-si, Gangwon-do, 220-947tel: (82-33) 764-0985fax: (82-33) 765-0129Jurisdiction : Icheon-si, Yeoju-gun, Yangpyeong-gun, Gapyeong-gun in Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do(Excluding Taebaek-si), Chungju-si, Jecheon-si, Goesan-si, Eumseong-gun, Danyang-gun in Chungcheongbuk-do.

Compliance Monitoring DivisionNakdong River Environmental

Management Office104-3 Sinwol-dong, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 641-722tel: (82-55) 267-2124fax: (82-55) 284-0128Jurisdiction : Busan Metropolitan City, Ulsan Metropolitan City, Gyeongsangnam-do (Excluding Hadong-gun, Namhae-gun)

Waste Management Policy DivisionMinistry of EnvironmentGovernment ComplexKwacheon 427-760tel: (82-2) 504-9259fax: (82-2) 504-9210e-mail: [email protected] site: www.me.go.kr

The Republic of Korea has additional 5 Competent Authorities (Compliance Monitoring Divisions) for the following jurisdictions:

- Daejeon Metropolitan City, Chungcheongbuk-do (Excluding Chungju-si, Jecheon-si, Goesan-gun, Eumseong-gun, Danyang-gun), Chungcheongnam-do

- Gwangju Metropolitan City, Jeollanam-do, Hadong-gun and Namhae-gun in Gyeongsangnam-do, Jeju-do

- Seoul Metropolitan City, Incheon Metropolitan City, Gyeonggi-do (Excluding Icheon-si, Yeoju-gun, Yangpyeong-gun, Gapyeong-gun)

- Daegu Metropolitan City, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Taebaek-si in Gangwon-do- Jeollabuk-do


300

http://www.me.go.kr/

National Definition

Article 2.1 of the “Act Relating to Transboundary Movement of Wastes and Their Disposal” defines “waste” subject to transboundary movement control as the substance or object listed in Annexes to Basel Convention and the substance to be controlled in accordance with bilateral, multilateral and regional agreements pursuant to the Article 11 of the Basel Convention.

Article 2 of the Presidential Decree of the “Act Relating to Transboundary Movement of Wastes and their Disposal” defines “ hazardous waste” as the wastes listed in Annexes I and II of the Basel Convention and the Red and Amber Tier wastes determined by OECD. The list of hazardous wastes was notified by the Ministry of Environment (MoE), and the amended list was notified in 998 to incorporate wastes listed in Annex VIII to the Basel Convention.

The Red and Amber Tier wastes determined by OECD are additionally controlled for the purpose of transboundary movement.

In Republic of Korea there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.







exported60


imported17 380

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 2

190 463 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b: 566 521 mt. There was a change in waste classification in 1994.

2) Amount refers to the total amount of wastes collected from households (Y46).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Republic of Korea. The export of hazardous wastes to non-OECD countries has been banned since July 1998.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryRepublic of Korea restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the “Act

301

Relating to Transboundary Movement of Wastes and their Disposal” which entered into force in May 1994. Non-OECD countries would be covered by this Act.

According to the Articles 6, 10 and 16 of this Act, the export, import and transit of hazardous waste is strictly prohibited unless prior written approval is obtained from the competent authority. Besides, the MoE has the authority to limit or ban the export and import of specific wastes which may be of significant impact on human health or the environment when being considered to be necessary. There is no differentiation between final disposal and recovery in granting permission of transboundary movement of waste.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryRepublic of Korea restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the “Act Relating to Transboundary Movement of Wastes and their Disposal” which entered into force in May 1994.

There is no restriction on the country or region of origin regarding import of hazardous wastes, while the MoE has the authority to ban or limit the import of specific wastes when being considered to be necessary.

According to the Articles 6, 10 and 16 of this Act, the export, import and transit of hazardous waste is strictly prohibited unless prior written approval is obtained from the competent authority. Besides, the MoE has the authority to limit or ban the export and import of specific wastes which may be of significant impact on human health or the environment when being considered to be necessary. There is no differentiation between final disposal and recovery in granting permission of transboundary movement of waste.

Restrictions on transitRepublic of Korea restricts transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. Prior consent is the only restriction on the transit of wastes.


National strategies/policiesThe order of priority in the national waste management strategy is: a) reduction of the amount of wastes, b) promoting of re-use and recycling, c) safe incineration, and d) sanitary landfill.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesArticle 24.1 of the “Waste Management Act” prescribes that the generators of industrial waste shall reduce the amount of waste generated. The generators of more than certain amount of industrial waste shall comply with the Guideline of the Reduction of Industrial Wastes (Public Notice by the MoE and the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, 23 December 1996) pursuant to Article 24.4. Pre-treatment, such as incineration and crushing, is required for kinds of waste. In addition, the use of disposable goods and excessive packaging is regulated in accordance with Article 15 of the “Act Relating to Promoting Resource Saving and Recycling”.

302

Economic instruments/ initiativesVolume based waste fee system has been in place since 1995 to facilitate reduction of household waste and separation of recyclable wastes from non-recyclable wastes. Deposit-refund system for recyclable products and charge system for non-recyclable products is in effect.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIndustries and waste generators are making efforts to minimize the generation of wastes both to cut down the financial burden of their disposal and to comply with the Public Notice by the MoE and the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, 23 December 1996. The MoE has verified 116 manufacturers as having successfully reduced generation of wastes. Some retailers, such as department stores, have signed a voluntary agreement with the MoE that they will steadily reduce the use of disposable goods, and some fast food restaurants have decided not to use them.


National strategies/policiesTransboundary movement of hazardous wastes is strictly prohibited without prior written permission from the competent authority. No permission for export is issued without consent from importing country.


Disposal facilities- Sudokwon Landfill, 58 Baekseokdong, Seo Gu, Incheon City, operated by

Sudokwon Landfill Management Corporation (SLMC) under MoE, sanitary landfill (D5); and

- Kunsan Specified Waste Treatment Facility, 1585 Sorvongdong, Kunsan City, operated by Environmental Management Corporation (EMC) under MoE, specified waste landfill and incineration plant (D5, D10).

410 landfills and 15 443 incinerators for household and non-hazardous industrial wastes were in operation by local governments or private companies in 1999. Private companies operated 60 incinerators and 7 landfills for specified wastes, which are considered as hazardous waste pursuant to the Waste Management Act and EMC operated 4 landfills and 1 incinerator.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities22 recovery facilities are operated by KORECO under MoE. Out of 1647 recycling business, 1102 produce recycled goods and the rest recycle materials through use as fuel, etc. local governments also operate pre-treatment facilities.

Sources of information on recovery facilities could be obtained from: Korea Resource Recovery and Re-utilization Corporation (KORECO), 24-5, Yoidodong, Youngdeungpo-Gu, Seoul, 150-010 or at www.koreco.co.kr.

303


OECD agreement concerning Red and Amber Tier wastes is in effect since December 1996.



- National Institute of Environmental Research, Kyungseodong, Seo Gu, Incheon City;

- Korea Environment Institute, 613-2, Bulgwangdong, Eunpyung-Gu, Seoul;

- Environmental Management Corporation, 4-15, Nonhyundong, Kangnam-Gu, Seoul; and

- Korea Resource Recovery and Re-utilization Corporation, 24-5, Yoidodong, Youngdeungpo-Gu, Seoul.

304


REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 02.07.1998 (A)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: Not yet as of 20.11.2002


Ministry of EcologyConstructions and Territorial

development of the Republic of Moldova9, Cosmonautilor St., Chisinau, MD 2005tel: (373-2) 22-6851fax: (373-2) 22-0748e-mail: [email protected] site: www.moldova.md/ro/government/

State Ecological Inspection9, Cosmonautilor St., Chisinau, MD 2005tel.: (373-2) 22-6941fax: (373-2) 22-6915e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

Moldova is preparing a national definition of waste and hazardous waste to be used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste.

Moldova is in preparatory process to regulate/control additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. (1)b.

In Moldova there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.







imported* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.

305

** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).Restrictions on Transboundary Movement

Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Moldova.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryMoldova has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on transit and import for final disposal and for recoveryMoldova restricts the transit and import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Law of Environmental Protection which prohibits the import of all kinds of waste. The Framework of the Law of Environmental Protection, art. 73 “Prohibited the import of waste and the residuals of any nature, crude or in processing state hazardous waste, due to temporary stoke, deposit, spreading on ground, water, their destruction. Customs authorities are obliged to control and to be responsible for applying of present article concerning import and export of waste and the residuals of any nature through the territory of the Republic of Moldova.” A similar Article. is included in the range of other laws concerning hazardous wastes as in the Law No. 1347-XIII of 09.10.1997 concerning the production of domestic waste.


National strategies/policiesNational Program for Waste Utilization, the principles of which are:- To prevent the generation of waste and reduce its harmfulness;- Waste materials should be reused, recycled or recovered, or used as a

source of energy; and- Waste should be disposed of safely (by incineration or in landfill sites).

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- The Law nr. 1515-XII of 16.06.93 concerning the Protection of the

Environment;- The Law nr. 1236-XIII of 3.07.97 concerning the System of Poison

Substances and Dangerous Products;- The Law nr. 1347-XIII of 9.10.97 concerning the Production of

Domestic Waste; and- ABC of waste.

Economic instruments/initiativesPayments for Environmental Pollution, including waste disposal, Law No. 1540-XIII of 25.02.1998 on payment for environmental pollution, based on the principle “polluter pays”.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIn accordance to national legislation, the industry/waste generator are

306

obliged to use cleaner technologies; take in evidence all waste; use waste without any risk; and ensure waste disposal and recovery on the basis of the contract between economical agents and respective licence owner etc.


National strategies/policiesOne of the aims of the National Waste Management Program is to exclude or/and minimize hazardous raw materials from technological process in order to reduce hazardous waste generation.

Environmental standards/criteria to be met by the hazardous wastes and other wastes generators to reduce or/and to eliminate generation of hazardous wastes and other wastes. At 1 November 1998 the Republic of Moldova adopted the international standards ISO 14001, ISO 14004, ISO 14010, ISO 14011, ISO 14012 and ISO 14000.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe project Regulation on waste is under preparation, which will include the measures for hazardous waste reduction.

Economic instruments/initiativesThe tax for the generation of hazardous waste is approximately 20 times higher than the one for non-toxic waste.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Process control and recycling/recovery to reduce and/or eliminate

generation of hazardous wastes and other wastes by waste generators;- The initiative of municipal waste recycling by separate collection in

Chisinau city;- Extraction of mercury from luminescent lamps is undertaken at the

Tighina’s plant; - Recycling of metal scrap of Ribnita Metallurgical plant; and- Romir SA and Indii SA, used accumulators collectors enterprises.

OthersDifferent kind of measures to reduce/ and/or eliminate generation of hazardous wastes and other wastes are included in the State Program of Wastes Utilization, which is currently being examined by the Government.


Disposal facilities- Ltd “Raut’, district Balti, landfill for galvanic wastes storage (D5);- Ltd “Alfa”, Chisinau, storage for galvanic wastes (D5);- Vulcanesti, landfill for pesticides (D5); and- Small storage of pesticides in different villages in the country (D15).



On 12 April 1996, the Republic of Moldova signed a Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) agreement on the control of transboundary

307

Regional Agreements

transport of hazardous wastes that came into effect from 16 May 1997.


None.

308


ROMANIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 27.02.1991 (a)Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 17.07.2002


Ministry of Waters and Environmental Protection

Libertatii 12, Sector 5, Bucharesttel: (40-1) 335 25 32 fax: (40-1) 410 02 82 e-mail: [email protected]; web site: www.mappm.ro


National Definition

In Romania there is no national definition of waste used specially for the purposes of transboundary movements. However, there are two main sets of definitions for wastes and hazardous wastes. One is laid down in the Law on Environmental Protection, which defines waste as substances resulting from biological or technical processes, that cannot be used; and hazardous wastes in accordance with a short list of characteristics. The other set is based on the Emergency Ordinance for the Waste Regime and is generally based on the relevant definitions of the Basel Convention and the pertinent EU Directives. A definition of wastes and residues is contained in the Government Decision dealing with import of wastes of every description. This covers any materials having no value for use, and household wastes.

In Romania there is no national definition of hazardous waste used specially for the purposes of transboundary movements (see above). The Basel Convention definition of the hazardous waste is used.


In Romania there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

309







exported12 000


imported* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.

*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I:

Y1-Y45).2) Consists of wastes collected from households (Y46): 3 422 355 mt + residues arising

from the incineration of household wastes (Y47): 17 392 mt.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionRomania has not ratified the Amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1). Nevertheless there are provisions for implementation of the amendment in the Romanian legislation.

Restrictions on transit and export for final disposal and for recoveryRomania has no restrictions on the transit as well as export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

According to art. 16 (alin 2) of the Law on Environmental Protection no. 137 / 1995, the export and transit of hazardous wastes may take place in accordance with agreements to which Romania is a party. In case of export, the responsible operator must ensure that international obligations are observed and that the consent of the recipient country has been obtained.

Restrictions on import for final disposalRomania restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. In accordance with the Law on Environmental Protection, the import of any kind of wastes is prohibited, with the exception of certain categories of wastes that constitute secondary resources of useful raw materials.

Restrictions on import for recoveryRomania restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The import of wastes is permitted in accordance with regulations imposed by norms proposed by the central environmental protection authority and approved by the Government.

15 categories of materials to which this exception is applicable are defined in

310

a list annexed to the pertinent Government Decision, which also sets out a number of additional conditions under which an exception to the import prohibition is granted.


National strategies/policiesThe Emergency Ordinance no. 78 / 2000 on Waste regime was approved on 16 June 2000. In accordance with art. 8 of this Emergency Ordinance the national competent authority shall elaborate Plans for management of wastes.

A draft of National Strategy for Waste Management and a National Plan shall be elaborated and approved in 2002.

In accordance with art. 19 lit a) of the Emergency Ordinance no. 78/2000, producers of wastes shall adopt technologies and solutions for reduction and elimination of generation of wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesIn accordance with art. 54 of the Emergency Ordinance no. 78 / 2000, the drafts of Governmental Decisions for regulation of management of used oils, management of used batteries, incineration of wastes, landfills, and packaging and waste packaging are in preparation.

The Governmental Decision no. 173 / 2000 on regulation of PCB and similar compounds was adopted on 13 March 2000.

Economic instruments/ initiativesEconomic instruments for reduction and elimination of generation of wastes are in preparation. These economic instruments shall be in relationships with provisions of the Law on Environmental Found no. 73 / 2000 as amended by Emergency Governmental Ordinance 93 / 2001.



Disposal / Recovery Facilities


Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSC Metanef SA – Neferal SA, Calea Floreasca, 91 – 111, Sector 5, Bucharest, recovery of lead batteries (R4).


None.

311



312


RUSSIAN FEDERATION



Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation

4/6, B.Gruzinskaya Str.Moscow, GSP-5, D-242, 123995tel: (7-095) 254-4800fax: (7-095) 254-8283

The Center for Project Activity23/5, Krzhizhanovskogo Str.Moscow, 117218tel: (7-095) 124-9849fax: (7-095) 124-9849e-mail: [email protected] and [email protected]

National Definition

There is a national definition of wastes used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Russian Federation: “Production and consumption waste” is the remains of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, other articles or products that have been formed in the process of production or consumption as well as the goods (products) that have lost their consumer properties.”

The national definition of hazardous wastes is defined by the Federal Law “On Wastes of Production and Consumption” № 89-FZ of 24 June 1998. “Hazardous waste” is the waste containing harmful substances having properties (toxicity, explosivity, flammability, high-reaction ability) or containing the agents causing contagious diseases or that posing an immediate or potential threat to environment and human health either by themselves or on contact with other substances”.

Russian Federation regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are listed in the Appendix no 1 to the Resolution of Russian Federation Government “On State Regulation and Control over Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes” (of 01.07.1996 № 766) which provides a “List of Hazardous Wastes, Import (Transit) of which to (through) the Territory of the Russian Federation is forbidden and Export is Subject to State Regulation”; and in the Appendix no 2 to the Resolution of Russian Federation Government “On State Regulation and Control over Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes” (of 01.07.1996 № 766) which provides a “List of Hazardous Wastes, Transboundary Movements of which is subject to State Regulation”. (Appendix no 1 and Appendix no 2 are annexed to this CFS)

313

In Russian Federation there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exported2)


imported2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) In Russian Federation there is no statistics on annual waste generation according to the Basel Convention Y-code

classification. Consists of: I hazard class: 400 000 mt; II hazard class: 3 300 000 mt; III hazard class: 9 100 000 mt. For IV hazard class (119 700 000 mt) it is not clear whether it should be regarded as wastes under the scope of the Convention, hence this amount is not included.

2) Clarification is pending from Russian Federation concerning the wastes exported and imported.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe Russian Federation is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryThe Russian Federation restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Regulation of the Government of the Russian Federation №766 of 01.07.96 on the State Regulation and Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryThe Russian Federation restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the Federal Law № 89-FZ of 24 June 1998 “On Wastes of Production and Consumption”; and the Regulation of the Government of the Russian Federation №766 of 01.07.96 “On the State Regulation and Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes”.

Restrictions on transitThe Russian Federation restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Regulation of the Government of the Russian Federation №766 of 01.07.96 on the State Regulation and Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes.

314


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesGovernment Regulations:- “On rules of development and approval of waste generation guidelines

and its disposal limitations” of 16.06.00 № 461; and- “On order of state waste cadastre maintenance and realization of

hazardous waste certification” of 26.10.00 № 818.


Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Government Regulation on Approval of the Resolutions for the Licensing

of Stocking up, Processing and Selling of Non-Ferrous and Ferrous Scrap of 15.07.99 №822; and

- Regulations of Goscomecologiya on Focal Point of Russian Federation on Implementation of Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal Order of Goscomecologiya of 04.11.98 №658.


Data not available.


None.



Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation (MNR of Russia); Centre for International Projects (Subregional Training Centre) (CIP); Centre for Preparation and Implementation of International Projects on Technical Assistance (CPPI); and Territory Committees on Environmental Protection.

315

Appendix No. 1to the Resolution of RF Government

“On State Regulation and Controlover Transboundary Movements

of Hazardous Wastes” (of 01.07.1996 № 766)

Listof Hazardous Wastes, Import (Transit) of which to (through) the Territory

of the Russian Federation is forbidden and Export is Subject to State Regulation

Code of the Kind of Waste

According to Commodity

Classification for Foreign Activity

(CC FEA)

Kind of WasteCode of

the Waste according

to the Basel

Convention Classificati

on

Code of the Waste according

to the Classification of the

Organization of

Economic Cooperatio

n and Development(OECD)

from 7019 90 Glass fibre waste, similar to asbestos in its physical and chemical characteristics

RB 020**

from 2524 00 Asbestos waste and dust Y 36 RB 010Other kinds of dust with non-ferrous metal content:

Y 17

from 8104 90 magnesium dustfrom 8108 90 titanium dustfrom 811240900 vanadium dustfrom 8539 Mercury lamp and luminescent tube waste Y 29

Metal slimes:from 2620 90 manganese slimes from electrolytic

manganese dioxide productionfrom 2620 90 selenium-mercury slime from sulphuric acid

productionY 25

Waste with thorium content:from 284430190 - thorium waste in chemical-metallurgical

productionfrom 2620 90 - slime with thorium content from thoriated

tungsten article productionHard mineral waste with detrimental impurities, specific for the given production:

from 280480000 - cake arsenious from copper production Y 24from 280480000 - cake arsenious -potassium from tin Y 24

316

productionfrom 280480000 - arsenate and calcium waste from lead

production Y 24

from 262090100 Galvanic slime with nickel contentGalvanic slimes:

from 2837 - with cyanide content Y 33from 2819 - with chromium content (compounds of

hexavalent, chromium)Y 21

from 2620 30 - with copper content Y 22from 2620 19 - with zinc content Y 23from 262090990 - with cobalt contentfrom 262090990 -with cadmium content Y 26from 262090100 Slime of lead hydroxide, nickel, cadmium Y 31,Y 26from 2620 Waste containing compounds of:

- cadmium Y 26- nickel Y 26- chromium Y 21- tin- lead Y 31- vanadium- copper Y 22- other heavy metals

from 2915 39 Aluminium chloride waste with acetophenol impurity

Y 15

from 2814 20 from 2827 39

Ammonium solutions for copper pickling (waste)

Y 22

from 2827 49 from 2806 10

Acids and acid mixtures with impurities specific for the given production: Waste, pickle solutions of rolling and hardware shops

Y 34

from 2815 20 Alkalines and alkaline mixtures with impurities, specific for the given production (pickling, cleaning, etc.)

Y 35

from 3808 Agents for fumigation and protection of plants from pests and blights (obsolete)

Y 45

from 3808 Production of agents for fumigation and protection of plants from pests and blights wastes

Y 45

from 2713 90 Acid resin, acid tar Y 11 RA 020from 2713 90 Acid residual tar from oil refinement with

sulphuric acid and resin sulphurized compounds

Y 11

from 2713 90 Acid residual tar from sulfate production (white oils sulphurization) with sulphuric acid and heavy organic sulfate content

Y 11

from 2713 90 Acid residual tar from aromatic hydrocarbon refinement with sulphuric acid, aromatic compounds and sulphuric acid content

Y 11

from 2713 90 Acid residual tar from paraffin refinement with sulphuric acid and organic compounds content

Y 11

317

from 2713 90 Acid fumigating resin of the sulfate section of the benzene rectification shop of the by-product-coking production

Y 11

from 2902from 2912

Residue of acid resin processing Y 11 RA 020

Slimes of coke and gas plants:from 2706 - Gumlike fuses (shale processing wastes) with

phenol contentY 39

from 3811 11 Slimes contained tetraethyl lead (antidetonant additives)

Y 31 RC 030

from 2850 Sorbents with arsine and phosphine impurities Y 24from 2932 19 Polychlorinated dibenzofuran and other related

compoundsY 43 RC 010

from 2934 90 Polychlorinated dibenzodioxine (dioxine) and other related compounds

Y 44 RC 020

from 2903 Waste of fluorine organic compounds in hydrogen bromide acid production

Y 45

from 2903 69from 3404 90 from 382390850

Polychlorinated biphenyls, terphenyls, polybromated biphenyls, liquids, or solvents contaminated by them, and also agents and articles contained them (in concentration 50 mg/kg and more)

Y 10 RC 010

from 2903 Waste of chlorine organic acid production Y 45from 2903 Highly resinous wood of bromine organic

synthesis Y 45

From 2912 Highly resinous wood of phthalic anhydride production

Y 12

from 9018 31 from 9018 32 from 7017from 5601 10

Medical waste, produced from the medical treatment of patients at medical institutions (hospitals, polyclinics and other similar institutions)

Y 1

from 2930 Pharmaceuticals production waste Y 2from 2936from 2937from 3001-3006

Unused and expired medicines and medications

Y 3

from 2939 Phytopharmaceutical medication production and application wastes

Y 4

from 2706 Preservative timber production and use wastes Y 5from 2902from 2903 from 2905-2909

Organic solvents production and application waste

Y 6

from 2710 Burn mineral oils waste Y 8Useless chemical substances, produced in the course of R and D or in the educational process, whose nature has not yet been revealed and/or which are novel, whose effect on man and/or on the environment is yet unknown

Y 14

318

* The goods characteristic to the list of waste shall be determined both by their code according to the CC FEA and by their title (physical and chemical characteristics).

** Here and hereafter the code of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development shall consist of two letters, followed by a number. The first letter shall denote the list: G (Green), Y (Yellow), R (Red), and the second, waste category.

Note: the notion of residue shall include the following kinds of waste: scale, residue, slag, dross, dust, powder, slime, and cake, unless one or another material is clearly included in other items.

319

Appendix No. 2to the Resolution of RF Government

“On State Regulation and Controlover Transboundary Movements

of Hazardous Wastes” (of 01.07.1996 № 766)

Listof Hazardous Wastes, Transboundary Movements of which

is subject to State Regulation

Code of the Kind of Waste

According to Commodity

Classification for Foreign Activity

(CC FEA)

Kind of WasteCode of

the Waste according

to the Basel

Convention Classificati

on

Code of the Waste according

to the Classification of the

Organization of

Economic Cooperatio

n and Development(OECD)

from 0501 00 Human hair waste GO 010**from 0502 00 Bristle waste GN 010from 0503 00 Horse hair waste GN 020from 0505 90 Bird feathers waste GN 030from 0506 90 Animal bones and horns waste GM 100from 0511 91 Waste from fish and other sea products

processingGM 110

1522 00 Degras; residue after processing of fat substances or plant or animal waxes

GM 090

from 2514 00 Shale wastes, roughly scraped or simply cut by sawing or in some other way

GD 020

2525 30 Mica wastes GD 030from 2529 30 Leucite, nepheline, or nepheline syenite waste GD 040from 2529 10 Feldspar wastes GD 0502618 00 Slag pellets, produced in iron and steel

productionGC 060

from 2619 00 Cupola slags YA 010from 2619 00 Electric furnace slags GC 070from 2619 00 Blast furnace slagsfrom 2619 00 Converter slagsfrom 2619 00 Other steel-smelting slagsfrom 2619 00 Scull of steel-smelting production

320

from 2619 00 Steel-casting slimesfrom 2619 00 Rolling slimesfrom 2619 00 Casting slimes2620 11 Hard zinc (zinc-and-iron alloy) Y 23 GB 010from 2620 19 Zinc slags Y 23 GB 025from 2620 19 Zinc slime Y 23from 2620 20 Lead dross Y 31 YA 030from 2620 20 Lead scale Y 31from 2620 Lead slime Y 31from 2620 30 Other metal slimes YA 040from 2620 40 Light metal dross contained aluminum YA 050from 2620 40 Salt slags contained aluminum from 2620 50 Boiler-cleaning residues YA 060from 2620 90 Light metal dross contained magnesium YA 070from 2620 90 Salt slags with magnesium contentfrom 2620 90 Magnesium oxide slimefrom 2837 Slime from fixing (quenching) baths contained

cyanide Y 7

from 28054090 Residues contained mercury: Y 29- mercury on graphite- mercury on activated coal

from 2621 Coal ash GG 030from 2621 Boiler slags GG 030from 2621 Hard residues contained salt from smoke-

trapping devices of unit heaters burning traditional fuel (without reagent gypsum)

Y 18

from 2621 Fly ashes and unit heater dust Y 18from 2621 00 Slags from melt electrolysis YB 010from 2621 00 Slags and ashes from waste burning facilitiesfrom 2621 00 Fly ash and dust from waste burning facilitiesfrom 2621 00 Pyrolysis unit slags and ashes Y 11from 2621 00 Slag from the production of chemically

stabilized copper content a high iron (over 20%), processed according to industrial standards

GG 080

from 2621 00 Neutralized red clay from alumina production GG 110from 2713 90 Slimes of coke and gas plant byproducts YC 010from 2803 Activated (waste) coal GG 060from 2804 50 Waste contained tellurium Y 28 GA 410from 2804 80 Waste contained arsenic Y 24 YA 090from 2804 90 Waste contained selenium Y 25 GA 400from 2811 22 Hard silica wastes, except using in casting

productionGD 070

from 2844 30 Thorium waste and scrap GA 3903103 20 Basic slag, formed in iron and steel production,

using for phosphate fertilizers and for other purposes

GG 070

from 3912 20 Cellulose processing wastes (nitrocellulose) YC 1003915 Plastic waste and scrap, chopped plastic: GH 010

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from 3915 10 - of polyethylene GH 011from 3915 20 - of polystyrene, polystyrene foam GH 012from 3915 30 - of polyvinylchloride and of foam plastic

manufactured on its basisGH 013

from 3915 90 - of celluloid, photo- and cinefilm GN 014from 3915 90 - of polyethylene-terephthalate filmfrom 3915 90 - of polyurethane, polyurethane foamfrom 3915 90 - of polyamidesfrom 3915 90 - of polycarbonates, polyacrylates, acrylic resinfrom 3915 90 - of polyvinylacetatefrom 3915 90 - of polyvinyl alcoholfrom 3915 90 - of polyolephinesfrom 3915 90 - of polypropylenefrom 3915 90 - of plastics contained fluorine Y 45from 3915 90 - of acrylonitrile copolymersfrom 3915 90 - of butadiene copolymersfrom 3915 90 - of styrene copolymersfrom 3915 90 - of polybutileneterephthalatesfrom 3915 90 - of polyethylenesulphidesfrom 3915 90 - of polysiloxalanes (silicons)from 3915 90 - of polymethylmetacrylatefrom 3915 90 - of polyvinylbutirenefrom 3915 90 - of phenol-formaldehyde and melamine-

phenolic resinsY 13 GH 015

from 3915 90 - of epoxy resinsfrom 3915 90 - of urea-formaldehyde resinsfrom 3915 90 - of alkyd resins4004 00 Rubber waste and cuttings GK 0104004 00 Other waste rubber technical articles GK 0104012 20 Old tires, worn cut tubes, tire casings GK 0204017 00 Hard rubber waste and scrap GK 0304110 00 Slime from leather enterprises' sewage water

clearingYC 180

4110 00 Raw fresh hides4110 00 Split leather cuttings4110 00 Cuttings from the edges of chromium-plate and

tanned semi finished items, chrome chips5505 Artificial fibre waste: GJ 1105505 10 - polyamide GJ 1115505 10 - polyester5505 10 - cellulose GJ 112from 7001 00 Glass waste from the production of lamps,

picture tubes and other articles contained specific impurities

YB 040

from 7802 00 Waste contained lead Y 31 GA 1507902 00 Waste contained zinc Y 23 GA 1608002 00 Waste contained tin GA 170from 8101 91 Waste contained tungsten GA 180from 8102 91 Waste contained molybdenum GA 190

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from 8103 10 Waste contained tantalum GA 2008104 20 Waste contained magnesium GA 210from 8105 10 Waste contained cobalt GA 220from 8106 00 Waste contained bismuth GA 230from 8107 10 Waste contained cadmium Y 26 GA 240from 8108 10 Waste contained titanium GA 250from 8109 10 Waste contained zirconium GA 260from 8110 00 Antimonium waste Y 27 GA 270from 8111 20 Waste contained manganese GA 280from 8112 20 Beryllium waste and scrap Y 20 GA 290from 8112 20 Waste contained chromium Y 21 GA 300from 8112 30 Germanium waste and scrap GA 310from 8112 40 Vanadium waste and scrap GA 320from 8112 91 Hafnium waste and scrap GA 330from 8112 91 Indium waste and scrap GA 340from 8112 91 Niobium waste and scrap GA 350from 8112 91 Thallium waste and scrap Y 30 GA 380from 8908 00 Vessels and other floating constructions for

separation, carefully emptied of their contents, and other materials formed in the process of the vessel's operation, which may be referred to the category of hazardous substances or waste

GC 030

from 3604 Pyrotechnical waste Y 15from 3601from 3602

Explosives waste Y 15

from 2904from 2908

Organic chemicals, multiply nitrated Y 15

* The goods characteristic to the list of waste shall be determined both by their code according to the CC FEA and by their title (physical and chemical characteristics).

** Here and hereafter the code of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development shall consist of two letters, followed by a number. The first letter shall denote the list: G (Green), Y (Yellow), R (Red), and the second, waste category.

Note: the notion of residue shall include the following kinds of waste: scale, residue, slag, dross, dust, powder, slime, and cake, unless one or another material is clearly included in other items.

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SAINT LUCIA



Permanent SecretaryMinistry of Physical Development,

Environment and HousingP.O. Box 709, Government Buildings, Castriestel: (1-758) 468-4459/4460fax: (1-758) 451-6958e-mail: [email protected]

General ManagerSt. Lucia Solid Waste Management AuthorityP.O. Box 709, Government Buildings, Castriestel: (1-758) 453-2208fax: (1-758) 453-6856e-mail: [email protected]

Permanent SecretaryMinistry of Physical Development,

Environment and HousingP.O. Box 709, Government Buildings, Castriestel: (1-758) 468-4459/4460fax: (1-758) 451-6958e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

Saint Lucia has prepared national definitions for hazardous waste to be used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste based on the Basel Convention definition. Solid Waste is garbage, refuse, organic waste, scrap metal, silt, back-filling material, construction and demolition material and other solid materials discarded from – (a) residential, industrial, commercial or government establishments or operations; and (b) public or community activities but does not include solid or dissolved material in domestic sewage, or other substances in water sources, dissolved or suspended solids in industrial wastewater effluents, dissolved materials in irrigation return flows or other common water pollutants.


In Saint Lucia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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Data* on the Generation and Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes** and Other Wastes***


Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 340 1) & 2)



exported5 3)


importedNo import 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Includes biomedical and clinical wastes and used lead-acid batteries. In addition, 410m3 of

hazardous wastes were generated. 2) In addition, 410 m3 of hazardous waste were generated. An additional 1000m3 of used oil are

received from ships annually under the MARPOL 73/78 Convention for use as a supplementary fuel by private companies.

3) Figure refers to the amount of used lead-acid batteries exported.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionSaint Lucia has ratified Ban amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoverySaint Lucia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. Export is allowed only when no suitable facilities are available for handling the wastes at the national level, assurance is received that the wastes will be handled in an environmentally friendly manner in the country of import, and that the export is in accordance with the provisions of the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryThe importation of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery is banned under draft Marine Pollution Legislation.

Restrictions on transitSaint Lucia restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the draft Marine Pollution Legislation. Prior approval from national authorities is required.

Reduction and/or

National strategies/policies- Continued collaboration with private sector on measures to reduce

quantity and toxicity of hazardous waste generated;

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Elimination of Hazardous Waste Generation

- Pilot Project on used lead acid batteries completed. Results of this project to inform future policies and strategies;

- Training and capacity building in the areas of hazardous waste management completed for PCBs, asbestos, biomedical and clinical wastes, used pesticides, used oil and used lead-acid batteries;

- Training received in the conducting of Hazardous Waste Inventories and reporting of information to SBC;

- National Used Oil Strategy prepared with guidance from OECS Regional Used Oil Strategy;

- National Biomedical and Clinical Wastes Policy developed and draft Strategy being reviewed;

- Recommendations from consultant study on agrochemical wastes under discussion to guide development of national strategy; and

- Ongoing efforts to identify cleaner production technologies appropriate to the service and manufacturing sectors and small industrial enterprises.

Economic instruments/ initiativesProvision of tax incentives and waivers of import duties on equipment and materials required for recycling and reuse of used oil.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsEfforts by private industry to conform to ISO, HACCP and other relevant international standards to reduce of the quantity and toxicity of hazardous waste generated.


National strategies/policies- Policy to promote, where appropriate, recycling and reuse of hazardous

waste products such as used oil; and- Further training required for Customs officials.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNone, further development is required.

Economic instruments/ initiativesNone, further development is required.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsLocal industry and private sector seeking to identify treatment and disposal options for used oil, biomedical and clinical wastes and agricultural chemicals. Further assistance is required in this area.


Local companies involved in the use of used oil as a supplementary fuel. Disposal and/or Recovery facilities lacking for other hazardous wastes streams.

Bilateral, None.

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Multilateral or Regional Agreements



- Caribbean Environmental Health Institute, P.O. Box 1111, Castries, tel. (1-758) 452-1412/2501, fax (1-758) 453-2721, e-mail: [email protected] . This institution develops and executes programs to provide Technical and advisory services to CARICOM member states in Environmental management.

- St. Lucia Solid Waste Management Authority, P.O. Box 709, Castries, tel. (1-758) 453-2208, fax (1-758) 453-6856, e-mail: [email protected]. This statutory body ha the legislative responsibility for the management of hazardous waste and provides advice to the industrial and manufacturing sectors on appropriate methods of hazardous waste treatment, storage, transport and disposal.

- National Emergency Management Organisation. P.O. Box 1517, Castries, tel.: (1-758) 452-3802, fax: (1-758) 453-2152, e-mail: [email protected]

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SENEGAL



Ministre Jeunesse – Environnement – Hygiène PubliqueRue Emile Zola – BP: 4055, Dakar fax: (221) 822-9764

Chef de Division106, Rue Carnot, BP: 6557 Dakar Etoiletel: (221) 822-3848fax: (221) 822-6212e-mail: denv@métissacana.snweb site: www.denv.sn

National Definition

Waste is any solid, liquid or gaseous substance, or any residues coming from the production process, transformation or utilization of any other eliminated or disposed of substance, destined to be eliminated or needing to be disposed of in accordance with the laws and regulations in force.

There is no national definition of hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Senegal.


Textile wastes require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionSenegal is in a preparatory process of implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoverySenegal restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Law pertaining to the Environment Code, Art. L39, which entered into force in 2001. This restriction covers all hazardous wastes and all countries.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoverySenegal restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final

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mailto:denv@m%C3%A9tissacana.sn

disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Environment Code (Law 200-01 of 15 January 2001), which entered into force in 2001. This restriction covers all hazardous wastes and all countries.

Restrictions on transitSenegal restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes in accordance with the provision of the Basel Convention.


National strategies/policies- Adoption of a complete legislation on the management of the network

(sic);- Elaboration of a management plan; and- Development of cooperation with other programmes and awareness.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesEnvironmental Code (Law 200-1-01 of 15 January 2001); Decree 282-2001 of 12 April 2001; Sanitation Code; Local Municipalities Code; and Regulation concerning management (under application).

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Awareness and information;- Establishment of a sanitation and security committee;- Auditing and ISO certification; and- Cooperation among industries.


National strategies/policiesBorder control.


Centre Régional de la Convention de Bâle pour l’Afrique Francophone, BP 7263, Dakar, Senegal, tel. : +221 827 22 00 ; Fax : +221 827 28 13 ; andFondation CERES/Locustox and Laboratoire de Toxicologie.

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SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 18.04.200Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 22.11.2002


For the control, import/export/transit permits and information relating to transboundary movement of hazardous and other wastes and for hazardous waste management:

Department for the EnvironmentFederal Secretariat for Labour, Health

and Social CareFederal Building I, 11070 Belgradetel: (381-11) 14-2564fax: (381-11) 14-2564e-mail: [email protected] site: www.gov.yu (under construction)

For the designation of the national label for waste, characterization of wastes and list of wastes

Laboratory for Waste CharacterizationCity Public Health Institute Beograd29. novembra 54a, 11000 Beogradtel: (381-11) 323-8230fax: (381-11) 323-8230 and 322-7828e-mail: [email protected]

Department for the EnvironmentFederal Secretariat for Labour, Health and

Social CareFederal Building I, 11070 Belgradetel: (381-11) 14-2564fax: (381-11) 14-2564e-mail: [email protected] web site: www.gov.yu (under construction)

National Definition

The definition of waste and hazardous waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements are given in the Rule on Import, Export and Transit of Wastes in the FR of Yugoslavia (1999), based on the Law on the Basis of the Environmental Protection. There are two National lists of wastes with national label/code, harmonized with BC annexes and EU / OECD lists, with a few additions. These are (i) List of Hazardous wastes, and (ii) List of non-hazardous wastes (not exhibiting hazardous characteristics). The wastes from both lists are subject to transboundary movement permission and control. Serbia and Montenegro regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous

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http://www.gov.yu/


http://www.gov.yu/


that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are:1. National waste code: W59-2-00000-Y45 - Used equipments and goods (including refrigerators, packaging material, barrels, containers and transport vehicles) which contain, or include or contaminated with chlorofluorocarbons (refrigerate fluids, isolation, etc);

2. National waste code: W59-3-00000-000 - Used fluorescent tubes, lamps and similar;

3. National waste code: W62-2-00000-Y45 - Used equipments and goods (including fire fighter instruments and appliances, packaging materials, barrels, containers and transport vehicles) which contain, or include or contaminated with halons;

4. National waste code: W92-1-00000-000 - Every single contingent which contain medicines, chemicals, pharmaceutics and similar, and different products, with expired date for usage for declared purpose;

5. National waste code: W92-2-00000-000 - Used goods importing in the big quantities, which will be the problem for the environmentally sound management in country when become the waste after the declared usage due date (used tires and similar);

6. National waste code: W92-3-00000-000 - Used and old equipments, units and materials for waste treatment and waste final disposal, as well as their parts and residual materials from treatment;

7. National waste code: W92-4-00000-000 - Mixtures of wastes and mixed different waste streams with not in details defined properties; and

8. National waste code: W92-5-00000-000 - Wastes with radioactive characteristics, only in case if there are not covered with different existing set of regulations for radioactive wastes.

In addition to wastes listed in the List of hazardous wastes, the wastes in the List of non-hazardous wastes (not exhibiting hazardous characteristics) are subject to transboundary movement permission and control. List of non-hazardous wastes consists of 201 wastes (waste streams and/or constituents) mainly covering Annex IX wastes of the Basel Convention and wastes from EU Green List with a few additions which are listed below:

1. National waste code: W265-2-00000-00000 - Residual cooking oils not exhibiting hazardous characteristics, and could be used for purposes other than human and animal consumption;

2. National waste code: W276-00000-000 - Packaging material imported in big quantities; and

3. National waste code: W277-00000-A/B - All other wastes included in actual Lists A and B of the Basel Convention, which are not specified on the other place.

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exported4 147 1)


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) exported.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Serbia and Montenegro. The ratification process is in progress.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoverySerbia and Montenegro restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The restriction is in accordance with the provisions of the Basel Convention and its Ban amendment.

Restrictions on import for final disposalSerbia and Montenegro prohibits the import of hazardous waste for the purpose of temporary or permanent disposal in its territory. The relevant legislations are:

- The Law on Transport of Dangerous Substances (“Off.Gazette SFRY”, No. 27/90 and 45/90);

- The Federal Law on Foreign Trade (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No.46/92, 16/93 and 24/94);

- The Federal Customs Act (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No.45/92);- The Law on Environmental Protection of Republic of Serbia (“Off.Herald

RS”, No.66/91); and- The Law on Environment of Republic of Montenegro (“Off. Gazette

RCG”, No.12/96).

The restriction covers all countries.

Restrictions on import for recoverySerbia and Montenegro restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The Rules on Import, Export and Transit of Wastes in

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the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No.69/99) based on the Federal Law on the Basis of the Environmental Protection (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No. 24/98) regulates the transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and other wastes (import of non-hazardous wastes for recovery). Each case of import is subject to the approval and issuance of permits by the competent authority. Environmentally sound waste disposal is the condition required for issuance of the permit.

Restrictions on transitSerbia and Montenegro restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes through its territory. The Rules on Import, Export and Transit of Wastes in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No.69/99) based on the Federal Law on the Basis of the Environmental Protection (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No. 24/98) regulates the conditions for transit of hazardous and other wastes. Each case of transit is subject to approval and issuance of permit by the Competent Authority.


National strategies/policiesNational Strategy for Hazardous Waste Management was formulated within Environmental Policy Act (1993). The Resolution on the Policy of the Environmental Protection in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No.31/93) has been designed as a specific, unified and long-term programme and as a component of the integral economic system of the Serbia and Montenegro. The principal goals of the policy in the field of the cleaner production and waste minimization are as follows: - to reduce waste generation;- use of wastes in technological processes and other natural processes;- use of wastes for generation of energy;- to introduce low waste materials technology and recycling of wastes in

interconnected industrial production;- to introduce programmes for the enhancement of production along with

the reduction of energy consumption;- to give importance to preventive approach by reducing quantities for final

disposal either through prevention of waste (by “clean technologies and lengthening the life time of products and deviance treatments of waste) or by the re-use (recycling); and

- to implement the principle “polluter pays”.

Under the Programme of Integral Environmental Protection and Promotion (Programme 1) Serbia and Montenegro shall ensure conditions for the implementation of the policy through the measures and activities which make it necessary to promote technological measures and interdisciplinary scientific research; introduce economic instruments in the field of the environment; provide an integral system of environmental protection; build an institutional framework; and establish an integrated information system at the national level.

The Programme of management of wastes, hazardous materials and chemicals (Programme, 10) will implement the policy. To ensure the necessary conditions for the implementation of this policy a series of

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measures and activities will be undertaken in the following areas:- adoption of long-term programmes for reducing specific and hazardous

waste per unit of product, energy and service;- adoption of long-term programmes for reduction of solid wastes

generation and its utilization; and- introduction of technologies generating small quantities of waste and the

recycling of industrial wastes.

On the basis of preliminary inventory of hazardous wastes (data from 1994) National Strategy for Wastes on Republic of Serbia level was prepared in 1998 (but not officially adopted).

Hazardous waste management in Serbia and Montenegro, as the consequence of war, is to be treated as a humanitarian issue and hazardous waste issue is one of the priorities. For complete reintegration of the country in international bodies and activities there is an urgent need to redesign/update National Hazardous Waste Action Plan and System (as recommended by Federal Government Conclusion from April 2000 and UNEP/Balkan Unit Technical Hazardous Waste Mission to country in November 2000).

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesFederal Level

- The Law on Confirmation of Basel Convention, adopted by Federal Parliament at 24th December 1999 - “Off.Gazette FRY”, International Agreements, No.2/990;

- The Law on the Basis of the Environmental Protection (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No.24/98) is the framework for waste management in compliance with UN and EU. Federal ministry prescribes the conditions of transboundary movement of hazardous and other wastes and control movement of wastes through the territory of FR Yugoslavia (Article 26);

- The Rules on Import, Export and Transit of Wastes in the FR of Yugoslavia (“Off.Gazette FRY”, No.69/99), based on the Law on the Basis of the Environmental Protection, regulate the transboundary movements of hazardous and other wastes (import, export and transit and obligations of the performer of this activity, lists of hazardous and other wastes, harmonized with BC annexes and EU/OECD lists, control system through the notification procedure and movement document);

- The Law on Foreign Trade (“Off. Gazette FRY”, No. 46/92, 16/93, 29/97, 59/98, 44/99, 53/99, 73/2000) stipulates that goods may be imported or temporarily imported if they meet the conditions stipulated with reference to the trade of goods namely for use at the domestic market (Article 10, paragraph 1); that the goods are subject to obligatory health, veterinarian, ecological and phytopathologic control or quality control and may be imported or temporarily imported only if satisfying the indicated conditions (Article 10, paragraph 2); that goods cannot be imported or in the state where they are produced (Article 10, paragraph 3); the import of hazardous waste is prohibited (Article 12, paragraph 6);

- The Law on Standardization (“Off. Gazette FRY, No. 30/96) stipulates a need to enact standards and technical regulations for the protection of human life and health and environment (Article 4 and 9). The degree of

334

compliance of processes, products and services with technical regulations and standards will be checked by enterprises and other legal persons authorized to certify processes, products and services, the environment protection system and by assessors of quality and environmental protection systems, testing products, checking of compliance’s (Article 12). The processes, products and services that must be accompanied with certificates on compliance are stipulated in the technical or other standards. For products and services, the producer, provider of services or importer shall obtain a certificate on compliance before the product is put on sale, namely before a service is performed (Article 120, paragraphs 4 and 5). Products are tested solely by authorized laboratories. The Yugoslav standards relating to the environment are adopted and applied based on the Standardization Law. Law on Standardization (1996) stipulates a need to enact standards and technical regulations for the protection of human life and health and environment (Art.e 4 and 9). These standards are published in the Serbian language, marked JUS ISO and are identical with the respective international ISO standards. To date, Serbia and Montenegro has publicized 5 of the 7 ISO standards relating to the environmental management (ISO 14000). This activity is performed by the Federal Standardization Bureau, which is the national organization for standardization and represents Serbia and Montenegro in ISO; and

- In the Customs Act (“Off. Gazette FRY”, No. 45/92, 16/93, 50/93, 24/94, 28/96, 29/97, 59/98) and related regulations, the provisions on customs supervision and procedures concerning goods harmful or dangerous for the environment are covered.

Pursuant to this legal base, revised standards for industrial air emissions were approved and revised standards for wastewater discharges and discharges to soil are still being drafted.

Republican Level

- Law on Environmental Protection (“Off. Herald RS”, No.66/91) stipulates that no domestic or imported technology may be applied in the territory of Serbia nor any products put to sale unless they meet the stipulated norms for the environmental protection and norms of quality, namely if the product is prohibited in the country of export (Article 17). The wastes are collected, classified, prepared for use as secondary raw materials, treated, utilized or temporarily and permanently disposed of in a controlled manner and if necessary destroyed (Article 82, paragraph 1). In the territory of the Republic any treatment, storage, disposal of radioactive and other wastes that have the property of hazardous substances of foreign origin is prohibited (Article 82, paragraph 2). Handling of hazardous substances in manufacture, use, transport, trade, storage and disposal shall be done so as not to endanger human life and health, nor contaminate the environment (Article 83, paragraph 1);

- The Regulations on Criteria for Determining Location and Disposition of Waste Materials Deposit Sites Sites (“Off. Herald RS”, No. 54/92), which prescribe criteria for determining location and disposition of waste

335

materials, according environmental protection objectives;- The Rules on the Treatment of Wastes having Hazardous Characteristics

(“Off.Herald RS”, No.12/95) prescribe the treatment of certain categories of wastes having properties of hazardous substances and established the mandatory accounting of the types and quantities of such substances in production, use, transportation, movement, storage, and disposal processes. Waste generators have obligation to report the quantity of each reportable waste streams/categories generated and transferred, to competent authorities. The frequency of reporting is in most cases one month. Under development is system of information of transboundary waste streams movement, as well as upgraded of existing systems; and

- The Law on Waste Management of the Republic of Serbia (“Off.Herald RS”, No.25/96) stipulates handling of waste substances that may be used as secondary raw materials, the way of collection, treatment and storage (Article 1). Monitoring and controlling the use of secondary raw materials, keeping respective records, undertaking protection measures will be carried out by special republican organization-Recycling agency (Article 6 and 22-24). The Law also governs handling of wastes – secondary raw materials (Article 11.17).

- The Law on the Environment (“Off. Gazette RCG”, No.16/96) prohibits the application and use of technology, products, semi-products or raw material that are forbidden in the country of export or in the country in which they are produced; disposal of all types of waste, except at the places selected for the purpose (Article 9, paragraph 2 and 6). It restricts import of waste substances except upon the permit issued by the Ministry in charge of environment protection, for disposal of the wastes having the properties of deleterious and hazardous substances at the designated sites and upon the preliminary consent of the Ministry (Article 10, paragraph 1 and 2).

- The Regulation on Criteria for Selection of Localities, Methods and Procedures for Depositing Waste Materials (Off. Gazette RCG No.56/00) sets out the conditions for selecting both temporary and permanent storage sites of waste containing hazardous material. These conditions meet standards, including requirements for a protective layer to prevent ground water contamination, introduction of a drainage system, special geological condition of sites, and keeping storage sites at least one km distant from riverbanks and human settlements.

Economic instruments/ initiativesEconomic instruments were initiated in Environmental Policy Act (1993), as well as in Federal, as well as Republics (Serbia and Montenegro) Laws on Environmental Protection. However, enforcement is very poor and limited.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsSerbia and Montenegro produces relatively large quantities of different types of waste, which, in view of their quantity or properties, are a threat to the

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environment. Major generators of hazardous wastes are the chemical, oil, petrochemical, metal, paper, leather and textile and transport industries. Minor generators include car, repair shops, surface metal working shops, dry cleaners, etc. Many wastes have a high content of non-degradable products and chemicals that pollute the environment. Processing technologies are inadequately developed or elaborated.

Pressure of staying on international market has forced the raise of the environmental and service standards within industries and municipalities, as well as has increased waste management through promotion of transfers of environmental technologies and cleaner production.

However, currently most of the industries/waste generators are dealing with after war clean-up activities, rather than with measures leading to pollution prevention.

OthersEnvironmental security, in particular, characterization, safe removal and permanent storing of all categories wastes resulting from war activities is a difficult and expensive process.




Disposal facilitiesThere are no approved and licensed facilities. Currently available legal options are temporary storage and exporting of hazardous wastes in accordance with the provisions of the Basel Convention.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesInformation not available.


None.

Technical Assistance and


- Department for Environment, Federal Secretariat for Labour, Health and

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Training Available

Social Care, Federal Building I, 11070 Belgrade;- City Public Health Institute, 29. novembra 54a,11000 Belgrade;- Institute for nuclear and other mineral raw materials – ITNMS, Frans

D’Epere 86, 11000 Belgrade.

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SINGAPORE



Pollution Control Department (PCD)National Environment Agency40 Scotts Road #12-00Environment Building, Singapore 228231tel: (65) 6731-9654fax: (65) 6836-2294e-mail: [email protected]: www.nea.gov.sg

International Relations Department (IRD)40 Scotts Road # 11-00Environment Building, Singapore 228231tel: (65) 6731-9862fax: (65) 6738-4468e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

Under the Hazardous Waste (control of export, import and transit) Act (HWA) “waste” means a substance or object that is proposed to be disposed of; disposed of; or required by any written law to be disposed of.

Under the Hazardous Waste (control of export, import and transit) Act (HWA) “hazardous waste” means waste prescribed by any regulation made under this Act, where the waste has any of the characteristics mentioned in Annex III to the Basel Convention; or waste that belongs to any category contained in Annex I to the Basel Convention, unless it does not possess any of the characteristics contained in Annex III of the Convention.


PVC waste requires special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement. Import of PVC scrap and waste require Pollution Control Department’s prior informed consent. This control is in force while awaiting its classification into either Annex VIII or Annex IX of the Basel Convention.

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exported19 548


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe Amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in the country’s legislation. However, Singapore does not allow the import of hazardous wastes from OECD countries.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoverySingapore restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import or Transit) Act (HWA), which entered into force in May 1998. The exporter needs to obtain a Basel export permit from Pollution Control Department prior to the export.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoverySingapore restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import or Transit) Act (HWA), which entered into force in May 1998. Singapore does not allow the import of hazardous wastes for final disposal. The import of hazardous wastes for recovery is granted on a case-by-case basis. The importer needs to obtain a Basel import permit from Pollution Control Department prior to the import.

Restrictions on transitSingapore restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import or Transit) Act (HWA), which entered into force in May 1998. The Pollution Control Department requires a Basel transit permit for the transit of hazardous wastes through Singapore.

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National strategies/policies- Avoid/reduce generation of hazardous wastes;- Use less hazardous chemicals; and- Use clean technology and recycle/re-use toxic industrial wastes where

appropriate.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesPrior to Singapore’s notification to the Basel Convention, the Pollution Control Department applied the Environmental Public Health (Toxic Industrial Waste) Regulations to regulate the export, import and transit of hazardous wastes.

In November 1997, Singapore enacted the Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import and Transit) Act (HWA) and its regulations that came into operation on 16 March 1998. The Act and its regulations enable Singapore to fulfill the obligations of the Basel Convention. Under the Act and its regulations, a permit is required for the export, import and transit of hazardous wastes scheduled under the Basel Convention.

Economic instruments/ initiativesPrivate companies can apply to National Science and Technology Board (NSTB) for research funding on reduction of hazardous waste generation or recycling of hazardous wastes.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsCleaner production; and waste minimization/reduction/recycling/recovery programs.


National strategies/policies- PCD screens new industries to allow setting up of only those industries

which can treat hazardous wastes locally;- Export of hazardous wastes will be allowed for recovery if there are no

waste treatment facilities available locally;- Export of hazardous wastes will not be allowed for disposal if there are

facilities for disposal available locally.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesEnvironmental Pollution Control Act; and the Code of Practice on Pollution Control.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsWaste reduction/recycling/recovery programs.

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Some of the available facilities are:- Pulau Semakau Landfill, a government operated secured sanitary

landfill for D1 operations; and- A number of privately operated toxic waste treatment companies

licensed by PCD for treatment, recovery, reuse, recycling and disposal of hazardous industrial wastes (D9, D10 and R2, R4, R6, R9 operations).

A complete list may be obtained from the following website:http://www.nea.gov.sg/cms/pcd/tiwcollectors.pdf


None.


The available sources are:- Singapore Environment Institute, National Environment Agency

(http://app10.internet.gov.sg/scripts/nea/cms/htdocs/category_sub.asp?cid=118);

- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering (http://www.eti.org.sg);

- National University of Singapore (http://www.nus.edu.sg);- Nanyang Technological University (http://www.ntu.edu.sg); and- Singapore Civil Defence Force (http://www.scdf.gov.sg).

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http://www.ntu.edu.sg/


SLOVAKIA



Ministry of Environment of the Slovak RepublicNám. Ľ. Štúra 1, 812 35 Bratislavatel: (421-2) 5956-1111fax: (421-2) 5956-2031e-mail: [email protected] site: www.lifeenv.gov.sk

Slovak Environmental Agency, Centre of Waste and Environmental ManagementHanulova 5/D, 844 40 Bratislavatel: (421-2) 6436-9924fax: (421-2) 6428-2683e-mail: [email protected] site: www.sazp.sk

National Definition

Waste is defined as a thing, that is to be disposed of by its generator, or a movable asset that has to be disposed of (eliminated) for health and environmental reasons (Waste Act No. 238/91 Law Code). The Waste Act defines three categories of wastes: a) other, b) special, c) hazardous. special waste is a waste that requires a special way of handling, for economic and environmental reasons in particular. The same definition of waste is used for national purposes and transboundary movements of wastes purposes.

Hazardous waste is a sub-category of a special waste. Hazardous waste is a special waste that, being toxic, infectious, irritable, explosive, flammable, or chemically harmful, or having carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects, is or may be harmful to the human health or the environment (Waste Act No. 238/91 Law Code). The same definition of hazardous waste is used for national and transboundary movements purposes.

Slovakia regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b and that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention. These Art. 1 (1)b wastes are: veterinary wastes; wastes from leather processing; waste sulfides of alkaline metals and alkaline soil metals; red and brain sludge from aluminium production; waste aluminium sulfate and aluminium phosphate; fly ash; waste amonia solution; organic and inorganic peroxides; sewage sludge.

Vanadium, mineral oil and oil products require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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http://www.sazp.sk/


http://www.lifeenv.gov.sk/







exported326

3)


imported491 4)


1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under the national Catalogue of Waste. The national Catalogue of Waste consists of wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a: 1 019 004 mt + wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)b: 580 996 mt, out of which 60 000 mt amounts to Y47 (The national Catalogue of Waste considers Y47 also as hazardous wastes).2) Figure refers only to the total amount of Y46 generated. To avoid double counting, the amount

of Y47 generated (60 000 mt) is excluded. 3) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a: 115 mt + total amount

of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)b: 211 mt.4) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)b. The import of

hazardous waste is banned under the Slovak legislation. The given waste was imported in a special regime. It means a part of the waste was treated as a final product. The final product and the rest from the treatment were returned to the country of origin.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Slovakia.

Restrictions on export for final disposalAny export of hazardous waste is prohibited unless the state of import or transit gives a written approval to the import or transit of waste. Any export of hazardous waste requires an approval of the competent authority. In case that an exported hazardous waste is returned to the country of origin, the waste exporter is liable to having it disposed of at his expenses. The relevant legislation is the Waste Act No. 238/91 Law Code § 3 section 6 which regulates the export of hazardous wastes, August 1, 1991. There is a Ban on the export of hazardous wastes to Basel Convention non-Parties and to the Parties which prohibit the import of wastes. Under the Waste Act export restriction it is the same for final disposal and recovery of wastes.

Restrictions on export for recoverySlovakia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Waste Act No. 238/91 Code of Law

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§ 3 section 6 which regulates the export of hazardous wastes, August 1, 1991. The restriction covers waste lead acid accumulators; and waste of lead, alloys and compounds. In these cases approvals for export were not issued by the national competent authority in 1999. An existing Slovak treatment facility has sufficient capacity to treat a waste on lead basis. Slovak Republic as a member of the Basel Convention limits the transboundary movements of hazardous wastes. Under the Waste Act the export restriction is the same for final disposal and recovery of wastes.

Restrictions on import for final disposalImport of hazardous wastes is prohibited for final disposal on the territory of the Slovak Republic. This prohibition is not applied if the following conditions are fulfilled: a) waste import shall realize in accordance with a contract on providing a verified waste disposal technology fulfilling world standards of science and technology; b) relevant technology has already been put in a permanent operation on the territory of the Slovak Republic; c) all imported waste shall be disposed of and the total amount or degree of harmfulness of similar waste generated on the territory of the Slovak Republic shall be reduced; d) an approval of the relevant state authority is required to the import, transport and storage of these wastes. The relevant legislation is Waste Act No. 238/91 Law Code, § 3 section 4, August 1, 1991.

Restrictions on import for recoveryAn import of wastes to be used as secondary raw material is allowed only with an approval of the relevant state authority of the Slovak Republic. The relevant legislation is Waste Act No. 238/91 Law Code, § 3 section 5, August 1, 1991.

Restrictions on transitA transit of wastes through the Slovak Republic is allowed only with an approval of the relevant state authority of the Slovak Republic. The relevant legislation is Waste Act No. 238/91 Law Code, § 3 section 7, August 1, 1991.


National strategies/policiesMeasures assigned for the period of 1997-2000 under the Waste Management Programme of the Slovak Republic:- Build one supra-regional hazardous waste incinerator at least;- Build one landfill for hazardous waste;- Build regional waste incinerators for incinerating wastes from medical

centers;- Continue in construction of grading facilities network serving for

separation of reclaimable waste with the total number 25 in the year 2000; and

- In chosen cement plants systematically use the cement clincer production process to dispose some kinds of wastes.

National Environmental Action Programme of the Slovak Republic II:- To limit generation of hazardous wastes and ensure their recycling and

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disposal of non-recycling wastes in environmentally sound manner;- To intensify separated collection of secondary raw materials and increase

reusing of separated components from municipal waste;

- To decrease hazardous characteristics of wastes e.g. separated collection of problematic materials, to establish a network of landfills and incinerators for disposal of non-recovery wastes that meet the EU regulations;

- To build up a network of regional incinerators of hazardous wastes from the medical centres; and

- Systematic remediation and recultivation of old burdens threaten environment and decreasing pollution of environment on available extent in regions and also in all Slovak Republic.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Preparation of a new Waste Act and related regulations; and- Waste Management Programmes of the Slovak Republic till 2000.

Economic instruments/ initiatives- A fee for landfilling of wastes; and- An economical support of installation of new technologies by the State

Environmental Fund of the Slovak Republic.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Co-incineration of waste oils in a cement kiln.

Others- Modernization of industry.




Disposal facilities- Landfill for hazardous wastes, Budmerice, authorization until 2002, for

D5 operations;- Landfill for hazardous wastes, Zohor, for D1 operations;- Landfill for hazardous wastes, Strazske, authorization until 2016, for D5

operations;- Incineration plant, Sala, for D10 operations.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Detox s.r.o. Banska Bystrica, for regeneration of organic solvents (R2);- Mach Trade s.r.o. Sered, for treatment of lead-acid batteries (recovery of

lead) (R4);- Epsol s.r.o. Bratislava; for regeneration of organic solvents (R2); and- Konzeko s.r.o. Levoca, for regeneration of waste oils (R9).

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None.


Some of the available sources are:

- Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic, Nam. L.Stura 1, Bratislava;

- SEA, Centre of Waste and Environmental Management Bratislava, Hanulova 5/D, Bratislava;

- Regional Training Centre Bratislava, Klobucnicka 7, Bratislava;- Slovak Technical University, Bratislava;- Slovak Inspectorate of Environment, Karloveska 2, Bratislava; and- National Cleaner Production Centre, Bratislava.

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SLOVENIA



Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia

Vojkova 1b, SI-1000 Ljubljanatel: (386-1) 478-4000fax: (386-1) 478-4051e-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.arso.gov.si


National Definition

According to Rules on Waste Management (1998) definition of waste is: Waste shall be deemed to be all substances or items which are classified under any of the groups of waste specified in Annex 1A (list of groups of wastes) to these Rules and whose owner disposes them of, intend to dispose of or must dispose of them. Classification list of wastes (hereinafter: list of wastes) is determined in Annex 1 to these Rules which is an integral part of this Rules.

According to the Decree on the export, import and transit of wastes (1996) a definition of the hazardous waste used for the purposes of transboundary movement is: Hazardous wastes shall be the wastes listed in the A list, from the first part of the Annex 1, which is an integral part of the Decree. Considered as hazardous wastes are also wastes which can not be classified by A list and B list from the first part of the Annex 1 of this Decree, but they are listed in hazardous waste list from the second part of the Annex 1 of this Decree or they are wastes listed in the Amber and Red list from the third part of the Annex 1 of this Decree. (The A and B list are the same as the list A and list B from the Annex VIII and Annex IX of the Basel Convention. Hazardous waste list is the same as the Hazardous Waste list of the Council Decision 94/904/EC. Amber and Red lists are the same as in the Commission Regulation 2408/98.)


348

In Slovenia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exported4 702 2)


imported22 326 3)


1) In the period of 1993 to 1998 Slovenia had different waste classification and a few different methodologies for data collection. In 1998 Slovenia adopted new waste legislation. Part of the new legislation was also European Waste Catalogue. In 1999 the generators, collectors of waste, recovery and disposal undertakers were reporting under new Waste Catalogue to Competent Authority. The generated amount of waste then was transformed in Y codes.

2) Consists of total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45): 4 482.62 mt + total amount of hazardous wastes exported under art. 1 (1)b: 219.44 mt.

3) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Slovenia.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoverySlovenia has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposalSlovenia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the Decree on the export, import and transit of wastes (10.8.1996). The restriction covers all countries/regions and all wastes.

Restrictions on import for recoverySlovenia has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other

349

wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitSlovenia has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policies- National Environmental Action Programm (1999);- Environmental Performance Reviews (1997); and- Strategic Plan for Slovenia in the Area of Waste Management (1996).

Measures taken for the reduction and/or elimination of the amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes generated are in accordance with EU waste management polices.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesEnvironmental Protection Act (1992) and from it deriving legislation on the field of waste management.

Economic instruments/ initiativesWaste disposal tax (Decree on waste disposal tax, 2000).

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsISO; ECO-LABELING – blue angel; and introduction of cleaner technologies.


National strategies/policies- National Environmental Action Programm (1999);- Environmental Performance Reviews (1997); and- Strategic Plan for Slovenia in the Area of Waste Management (1996).

The principles of Basel Convention and EU legislation are taken into account in all cases of export, import and transit of hazardous wastes..

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNone.



OthersNone.

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Disposal facilitiesA complete list is available from: http://www.gov.si/uvn/slo/datoteke/okolje/sez_oseb_odpad/odstranjevalci.doc

The data on this web site are updated monthly. The facilities treat also the wastes which are not considered to be hazardous according to national legislation. They do not treat imported hazardous waste.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesA complete list is available from:http://www.gov.si/uvn/slo/datoteke/okolje/sez_oseb_odpad/predelovalci.doc

The data on this web site are updated monthly. The facilities treat also the wastes which are not considered to be hazardous according to national legislation. Only one facility treats imported hazardous waste: Rudnik Mzica MPI.


None.


The available sources are:- Environmental Agency of RS, Vojkova 1b, SI-1000 Ljubljana;- Environmental Inspectorate of RS, Dunajska 47, SI-1000 Ljubljana;- Ministry for Internal Affaires, Uprava uniformirane policije, Stefanova 2,

SI-1000 Ljubljana;- Ministry for Internal Affaires, Uprava policije, CNB - Interpol Ljubljana,

Stefanova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana;- Ministry for Defence, Uprava RS za zascito in resevanje, Kardeljeva

ploscad 21, SI-1000 Ljubljana;- Ministry of Finance, Customs Administration, General Customs

Directorate, Smartinska 55, SI-1523 Ljubljana; - Statiscticni urad RS, Vozarski pot 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana;- Institutions for waste identification; and- Institutions for environmental impact assessment reports.

The list of Institutions for waste identification can be found on:http://www.gov.si/uvn/slo/datoteke/okolje/sez_oseb_odpad/pooblascenci.doc

The list of Institutions for environmental impact assessment reports can be found on:http://www.gov.si/uvn/slo/datoteke/okolje/pooblascenci/056-99.xlsThe lists are under “point 2” (first point: for general authorization, second point: for specific authorization).

The data are monthly updated.

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http://www.gov.si/uvn/slo/datoteke/okolje/sez_oseb_odpad/odstranjevalci.doc


SPAIN



Subdireccion General de Calidad AmbientalDireccion General de Calidad y

Evaluacion AmbientalMinisterio de Medio AmbientePlaza de San Juan de la Cruz, s/n28071 – Madridtel: (34-91) 597-6000fax: (34-91) 597-5938

In addition (but only for movements of wastes among Spain and Members States of the European Union), there are 17 Competent Authorities for the regions of Andalucía, Aragón, Asturias, Baleares, Canarias, Cantabria, Castilla - La Mancha, Castilla y León, Cataluña, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarra, País Vasco, La Rioja and Valencia. A complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.

Office of Environmental QualityDepartment of Environmental Quality and

AssessmentMinistry of the EnvironmentPlaza de San Juan de la Cruz, s/n28.071 - Madridtel: (34-91) 597-6000fax: (34-91) 597-5938e-mail: [email protected] site: www.mma.es

National Definition

According to the Act 10/1998 on Wastes, Article 3, Definitions, “wastes” are those substances or objects falling under any of the categories referred to in the annex to the present Act, which the holder discards, has the intention or is required to discard. In any case, substances or objects (which fulfil the above condition) and listed in the European Waste Catalogue approved by the Community institutions should always be considered as wastes. (For categories of wastes appearing in the annex to the Act, see annex II to the questionnaire) (The version in force of the European Waste Catalogue/List has been adopted by Decision 2000/532/EC of the Commission of European Communities of 3rd May 2000, amended by Decisions of the Commission 2001/118/EC of 16th January 2001, 2001/119 of 22nd January 2001, and Decision of the Council 2001/573 of 23rd July 2001).

353

According to the Act 10/1998 on Wastes, Article 3, Definitions, “hazardous wastes” refers to those wastes appearing in the Hazardous Wastes List adopted by Royal Decree 952/1997, as well as their containers. Those which have been classified as hazardous in pursuance of Community norms and those which the Government can approve in accordance with the established European norms or international agreements to which Spain is a Party. (Royal Decree 952/1997 publishes in Spain the Community list of hazardous wastes approved through decision 94/904/EEC of the Council of the European Communities of 22 December 1994, which has been derogated by new Commission and Council Decisions –see above paragraph).

The transboundary movement of wastes in Spain, is governed by Council regulation (EEC) No 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community, amended by Council regulations (EEC) No 120/97, (EEC) No 2408/98 and (EC) No 2557/2001, as well as decision 1999/816/EEC. Provisions in the body of the text of these regulations and in its annexes II, III, IV and V, define those wastes on which the control applies. Since there is no definition of hazardous wastes, it is not possible to list those hazardous wastes which, even though not included under article 1 (1) of the Basel Convention, will be subject to the control of shipments. It has to be determined in each case whether the waste is listed under annexes V, II, III or IV (in that order) of the regulation. For instance, it can be identified: Sludge from the treatment of sewage; municipal and domestic wastes; and wastes from the combustion of municipal/domestic wastes (subject to control of shipments and in many cases to a ban).

Although it may be deducted from the information referred to in the preceding question, the following wastes, inter alia, are subject to control of shipments (and in many cases to a ban): sludge from the treatment of sewage; municipal and domestic wastes; and wastes from the combustion of municipal/domestic wastes.







exported60 772


imported204 675


354

1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous industrial wastes generated (excluding wastes from mining activities and from mineral processing activities). Source: revision of the Hazardous Waste National Plan.2) Figure refers to total amount of municipal wastes generated.Restrictions on Transboundary Movement

Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Spain through the Act of Approval of 07.08.97. Its actual implementation had already started on 27.01.97 through Council regulation (EEC) No 120/97 (which was amended by Council regulation (EEC) No 259/93), in pursuance of decisions II/2 and III/1 of the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on export for final disposalSpain restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal to certain countries. The relevant legislation is Article 14 of Council Regulation (EEC) no 259/93 (entered into force on 09.02.93) which bans all export of wastes intended for elimination, except for wastes destined to EFTA countries that are also Parties to the Basel Convention. The restriction applies to all countries, except Member States of the European Union, Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein); and to all wastes. Article 14 also lays down restrictions, in certain circumstances, on the export of wastes to EFTA countries which are Parties to the Basel Convention.

Restriction on export for recoverySpain restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery to certain countries. The relevant legislation is Article 16 of Council Regulation (EEC) No. 259/93, which prohibits all export of wastes which appear in annex V to the regulation, except for those destined to countries to which the OECD Decision applies. The restriction covers non OECD countries and wastes listed in Annex V to Regulation (EEC) Nº 259/93. Article 17 of the regulation stipulates that the movement of the wastes listed under annexes III and IV, intended for recovery, will be subject to control, which in certain circumstances could imply imposing restrictions on exports of these wastes.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoverySpain restricts, under some circumstances, the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is Article 17 of Act 10/98 on Wastes, which entered into force on 22.04.98. The restriction may apply to all countries and all wastes.

Restrictions on transitSpain restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Articles 3, 4, 6, 7, 23 and 24 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93, which entered into force on 09.02.93. The restriction covers all countries and all wastes intended for elimination and those listed under annexes III and IV of the regulation or those not yet included in annexes II, III and IV to the regulation, in the case of those destined for recovery.

355


National strategies/policiesThe national strategy on hazardous wastes in Spain falls under the National Plan on Hazardous Wastes (1995-2000), published in the Official Government Gazette of 13 may 1995. The Plan is currently under revision.

The Plan seeks to gradually reduce at source the amount of hazardous wastes generated, while ensuring their environmentally sound reuse, recycling and treatment by:

- ensuring the generator of the wastes assumes his responsibility;- encouraging agreements between employers and unions;- conducting studies into available technology for reducing wastes;- discouraging recourse to hazardous substances through fiscal, financial

and legislative measures; and- encouraging the establishment of treatment facilities.

It lays down specific goals for the reduction, reuse and recycling of hazardous wastes. For these goals to be attained, lines of credit and subsidies are granted for business and/or sectoral plans, for technical assistance to small and medium-sized firms, for eco-auditing and for the management of wastes.

The plan is implemented through agreements between the national government and the governments of the regions. It is currently under review.

The national strategy on urban wastes in Spain is set on the National Plan on Municipal Wastes (2000-2006), published in the Official Gazette of 2 February 2000.

Its objectives are, inter alia:

- to maintain in the year 2002, the quantity of municipal wastes generated, at the 1996 level, thereby reducing by 6 per cent the quantity of waste per inhabitant per year;

- to reduce, prior to 30 June 2001, by 10 per cent, the annual generation of packaging wastes in relation to the quantity generated in 1996;

- to ensure other levels of reuse, recycling and recovery for specific wastes selectively collected (glass, paper/carton, packaging of various origins, etc.) set out in the Plan;

- to eliminate the uncontrolled spillage of wastes by the end of 2006 and in the same year, eliminate in controlled landfill sites 33 per cent of the municipal wastes generated, and in landfill sites which comply with directive 1999/31/EC of the European Community; and

- to build "clean points" for the selective collection of domestic hazardous wastes (paint, solvents , oils, etc.), of which 200 had already been installed in the whole country by 1999.

The Plan provides for a total investment of 500,000 million pesetas. (3.000 million Euros).

356

In addition to the National Plan on Municipal Wastes, various plans on specific waste streams have been issued, namely:

- used tires (October 2001);- end of life vehicles (August 2001);- construction and demolition wastes (June 2001); and- sludge from sewage treatment plants (June 2001).

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAct 10/98 on Wastes is aimed, inter alia, at preventing the production of wastes and encouraging, in this order, its minimization, reuse, recycling and other forms of recovery, with the view to protecting the environment and human health. To that end, the Government will be able to establish norms for the various types of wastes, including specific provisions on the production and management of wastes.

Industries and activities generating hazardous wastes are subject to administrative authorization. The permit must determine the maximum quantity per unit of production as well as the characteristics of the wastes which can be generated, on the basis of certain criteria, including, the use of less contaminating technologies under economic and technically viable conditions, as well as technical characteristics of the installation in question. When applying the criteria for deciding on the less contaminating technologies, priority will be given to the principle of prevention of wastes. To that end, the Act foresees the use of various instruments as voluntary agreements on the management of wastes by those responsible for launching on the market products which after use become waste. Voluntary agreements should be approved or authorized by the relevant competent authorities, which in some cases may themselves participate in the agreements. The Act expressly requires that any potentially recyclable or recoverable waste should be destined for that purpose and its elimination avoided as far as possible (in the case of hazardous wastes, this requirement will be applicable from 1 January 2000).

The regional authorities of the Spanish State should have to draw up regional plans on waste. The national government, by integrating these regional plans, should draw up national plans on waste which should establish the goals relating to reduction, reuse, recycling, other forms of recover and elimination, the measures to adopt in order to attain these goals, the financial means and the procedure for reviewing the plans.

Act 11/97 on packaging and packaging wastes lays down goals for reducing the generation of packaging and recovering those produced, as well as requirements for reducing the content of certain hazardous substances in the packages (lead, cadmium, mercury and hexavalent chromium).

Royal Decree 782/1998, which develops and implements the above mentioned Act 11/97 on packaging and packaging wastes requires packaging industries to prepare triennial forecasts indicating the goals for reducing the generation of packaging waste and their content of hazardous substances.

The attainment of previous goals will be ensured through voluntary sectoral 357

agreements (between packers, dealers in packaging products, those involved in recycling activities, etc.) reached by establishing integrated management systems for packaging wastes and used packages.

There is, in addition, a specific norm governing used oils and the prevention and management of waste from used batteries and accumulators.

Royal Decree 1378/1999 provides for measures for eliminating and managing PCB/PCTs as well as apparatus containing them. It sets the year 2010 as the deadline for the gradual elimination of PCBs, either directly, including apparatus that contain them, or indirectly through decontamination.

Further rules are being prepared including sectoral agreements on other specific wastes streams such as out-of-use vehicles or used batteries and accumulators, which incorporate measures on the minimization of the generation of hazardous wastes.

In 27th December the 2001, Decree 1481/2001 regulating the landfilling of wastes has been passed in Spain (it is the transposition of directive 1999/31/EEC) The costs supported today by users of landfills are, in general terms, far from reflecting the real cost of final disposal of wastes through landfilling, which in fact means a transfer of environmental costs to the society as a whole and to future generations. The new regulation will means that the price the user of a landfill will pay for the elimination of his wastes will be the real price, including the cost of controlling the landfill for a minimum period of 30 years after it has been closed. This measure will apply to all new landfills and gradually (before the year 2009) to all existing ones. The rise in the cost of the landfilling of wastes will have a positive effect on more appropriate alternative methods of waste management from an environmental point of view (reuse, recycling, energy recovery), as well as on the prevention of the generation of wastes.

Economic instruments/initiatives- Subsidies or economic assistance reflected in the plans (mentioned

above);- Every year the State grants subsidies for the environmentally correct

collection and management of used oils, on a quantity which averages 6 million Euros; and

- Sectoral agreements on the management of wastes (mentioned above).

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Voluntary sectoral agreements on the management of wastes (mentioned

above); and- Certification of Environmental Management Systems:

- according to ISO 14000, more than 600 firms (as of 30.11.2000); and

- according to the Community Environmental Management Audit System (EMAS), 70 firms (as of 14.09.2000).


National strategies/policiesNational policy relies on:

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Reduction Measures

- implementation of the "principle of self-sufficiency" in the elimination of wastes generated in Spain, wherever possible;

- implementation of the "principle of proximity" in the treatment of wastes, which implies that the wastes must be treated (especially hazardous wastes) at the closest point to their production to minimize movement;

- implementation of decision III/2 of the Basel Convention on the prohibition of the export of hazardous wastes to non-member countries of OECD (in the case of wastes intended for elimination, the restriction applies to countries that are not members of EFTA); and

- strategies, laws and other instruments mentioned in Reduction and/or Elimination of Hazardous Waste Generation.


There are many facilities in the country. A complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.


OECD Council Decision C(92)39/Final, effective from 30 March 1992 concerning the control of transfrontier movements of wastes destined for recovery operations.

Bilateral agreement with Andorra, valid from 27.01.2000 to 10.07.2004, relating to imports from Andorra to Spain of wastes, generated in Andorra, with the aim of their environmentally sound management. Wastes covered: Chapters GA, GC, GE, GG, GH, GI, GJ, GK, GL, GM, GN GO in Annex II of EC Regulation (EEC) 259/93; Wastes categories AA170, AA180 and chapters AB, AC, AD in Annex III of EC Regulation (EEC) 259/93; Medicines; Construction and Demolition Wastes; Fridges; Animals killed by sanitary reasons or died by natural causes. Disposal operations: valorisation; Final disposal (but not allowed for C & D wastes imported under the agreement).


Some of the available sources are:- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrrano 117,

28006-Madrid, www.csic.es;- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

(CIEMAT), Avenida Complutense 22, 28040-Madrid, www.ciemat.es;- Centro de Estudios y Experimentación de Obras Públicas (CEDEX),

Alfonso XII 3/5, 28014-Madrid, www.cedex.es;- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sinesio Delgado 6 (pabellón 3), 28029-

Madrid, www.isciii.es; and- Instituto Tecnológico Geominero de España (ITGE), Ríos Rosas 23,

28003-Madrid, www.itge.mma.es


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http://www.itge.mma.es/

http://www.isciii.es/

http://www.ciemat.es/

http://www.csic.es/


SRI LANKA



ChairmanCentral Environmental authorityNo: 104, Parisara PiyasaRobert gunawardhana MawathaBattaramullatel: (94-1) 87-2415fax: (94-1) 87-2605e-mail: [email protected]

SecretaryMinistry of Environment & Natural ResourcesNo: 82, Sampathpaya, Rajamalwatta RoadBattaramullatel: (94-1) 87-7290 or 88-7453fax: (94-1) 87-7292 or 88-7450e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]

National Definition

Waste includes any matter prescribed to be waste and any matter, whether liquid, solid, gaseous or radioactive which is discharged, emitted, or deposited in the environment in such volume, constituency or manner as to cause alternation of the environment.

All wastes defined in the Annex I and III of the Basel Convention are considered as hazardous waste and radioactive waste arising from formulation / manufacturing of pesticides.

Sri Lanka regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are: Radioactive waste and waste arising from formulation/manufacturing of pesticides.

Sri Lanka is in preparatory process of identifying wastes other than those pursuant to in Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement. A policy decision has been taken by the Ministry of Environment not to allow importation of plastic waste.

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exportedNo data


importedNo data

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-

Y45). Estimated amount. Based on 1996 survey.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionSri Lanka ratified the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1). A Cabinet decision was obtained to prohibit import of hazardous waste from all countries (not restricting to Annex VII countries); and to keep the list B as the controlled list, to take decisions on case by case basis. Regulations are being prepared.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoverySri Lanka has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. However, an official decision has not been taken so far.

Restrictions on import for final disposalSri Lanka restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. Regulations are being formulated. The Department of Export and Import Control is in the process of drafting regulations under the directions of the National Coordinating Committee. A Cabinet decision was obtained to prohibit import of hazardous waste from all countries (not restricting to annex VII countries).

Restrictions on import for recoverySri Lanka restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. A Cabinet decision is taken not to consent totally to the import of hazardous waste for recovery. Legislature is being prepared. A Cabinet decision was obtained to prohibit import of hazardous waste from all countries (not restricting to annex VII countries).


Sri Lanka restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The restriction is in accordance to the provisions of the Basel Convention.


National strategies/policiesA National Strategy for Solid Waste Management has been formulated. A National Industrial Pollution Management Policy is in place. A National Cleaner Production Center has been established and the implementing agency is the Federation of Chambers of Commerce and industry, Sri Lanka. A National Plan for Hazardous waste management is being prepared.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Hazardous waste regulations are in place; - Environmental Protection License scheme and the Environmental Impact

Assessment scheme under the National Environmental Act; and- Guidelines on siting of industries.

Economic instruments/ initiativesSome fiscal incentives are given to industries under certain conditions to use advanced technology in order to minimize waste generation under E-friend Loan scheme introduced by the National Development Bank.

Waste minimization programs are being carried out for selected industrial sectors under UNIDO assistance. Pollution Control Abatement Fund (PCAF) provides soft loans and technical assistance for pollution control measures for existing industries. Loan assistance on preferential terms is provided by most of the banks if the industries seeking assistance are willing to meet the required environmental conditions as given in the Environmental Protection License.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industries of Sri Lanka is the

implementing agency of the Cleaner Production Center;- Promotion of waste minimization through environmental audits. Waste

treatment plants are established in Industrial Estates. Initiatives for Waste minimization are taken; and

- Industrialists go for ISO 14000 facilitated by the Sri Lanka Standards Institution.


National strategies/policiesNational Strategy for Solid Waste Management advocates reduction of waste generation over reuse, reuse over recycling and recycling over environmentally friendly final disposal.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesRegulations for Hazardous waste management.

Economic instruments/ initiativesPollution Control Abatement Fund which provides soft loans and technical assistance for pollution control measures is targeted at existing industries.

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Companies seeking financial assistance on preferential terms from commercial banks are required to meet environmental conditions and to obtain Environmental Protection License.


Disposal facilitiesAt present there are no authorized organizations for disposal of hazardous waste. But negotiations are being conducted.

Industrialists treat their own waste under the Environmental Protection License.

At the moment steps are being taken to establish hazardous waste disposal sites.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesAt present there is no central company authorized in the country for the recovery of Hazardous waste.

Industrialists have been requested to have their own waste treatment recovery plants under conditions stipulated in the Environmental Protection License scheme. Industrial Estates and Parks have Central Waste Treatment facilities.


None.


Some of the available sources are:Ministry of Environment & Natural Resources; Central Environmental authority; Industrial Technology Institute; Sri Lanka Customs; and University of Colombo.

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SWEDEN



Swedish Environmental Protection AgencyS – 106 48 Stockholmtel: (46-8) 698-1000fax: (46-8) 698-1477e-mail: [email protected] site: www.environ.se

Ministry of EnvironmentS - 103 33 Stockholmtel: (46-8) 405-1000fax: (46-8) 613-3072e-mail: [email protected] site: http://miljo.regeringen.se/

National Definition

Waste means any substance or object in the categories set out in a list of waste categories which the holder discards or intends to or is required to discard. For the purpose of transboundary movements of waste EU regulation 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community defined what waste should be controlled.

Hazardous Wastes that have to be controlled are defined in EU Regulation 259/93.

There are some wastes that are not covered by the Basel Convention but are covered in EU Regulation 259/93. There is also a rule saying that wastes that are not listed in 259/93 should be controlled.

In Sweden there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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http://www.environ.se/




Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated 1 100 000 Total amount of other wastes generated No data



exported72 235


imported305 353

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47)


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Sweden.

Restrictions on export for final disposal Sweden restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the EU Regulation 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community. This Regulation entered into force 1 February 1993. Exports of waste for disposal is prohibited except those to EFTA countries which are also parties to the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on export for recoverySweden restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The relevant legislation is the EU Regulation 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community. This Regulation entered into force 1 February 1993. The prohibition entered into force 1 January 1998. Exports of waste for disposal is prohibited except those to EFTA countries which are also parties to the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoverySweden restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Swedish Ordinance on Transboundary Movements of Waste (SFS 1995:701). Import of wastes is accepted only if the receiving plant has all relevant permits to treat the waste.

Restrictions on transitSweden has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.

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National strategies/policiesEU Waste management strategy: - Prevention of generation of waste;- Reduce content of hazardous material in the waste;- Reuse or recovery of material or energy; and- Safe and adequate disposal of the waste.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Producer responsibility of different kinds of waste;- Ban on landfill of sorted combustible waste from 1 January 2002;- Ban on landfill of organic waste from 1 January 2005; and- Ordinance on wastes sent to landfills.

Economic instruments/ initiativesTax on waste sent to landfill from 1 January 2000.


Legislation, regulations and guidelinesBan on transport of wastes to non-OECD countries.


Data will become available at www.naturvardsverket.se


OECD Council Decision C(92)39 Final; Decision of the Council concerning the control of Transfrontier Movements of Hazardous Wastes destined for Recovery Operations effective since 30 March 1992.


Information could be obtained from the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, tel: (46-8) 698-1000.

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THAILAND



Department of Industrial Works75/6 Rama VI Rd., RatchatewiBangkok 10400tel: (66-2) 202-4228 or 245-7874fax: (66-2) 202-4015e-mail: [email protected] page: www.diw.go.th

Pollution Control Department92 Soi Phahonyothin 7, Phahon Yothin Rd.Sam Sen Nai, Phayathai, Bangkok 10400tel: (66-2) 298-2423 or 298-2438fax: (66-2) 298-2425 or 298-2002e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] site: www.pdc.go.th

National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Thailand.Hazardous wastes to be controlled for the import and export are defined in the List of Hazardous Substances Item: chemical wastes in the “Notification of Ministry of Industry on List of hazardous substances” B.E. 2543 (2000) issued under the Hazardous Substance Act. B.E. 2535 (1992) in accordance with the wastes listed in Annex VIII of the Basel Convention (List A).Thailand has defined the list of hazardous waste for the purpose pursuant to Art. (1)b in the Notification of Ministry of Industry No. 6 B.E. 2540 (1997) issued pursuant to the provisions in the Factory Act B.E. 2535 (1992) on Disposal of Wastes or Unusable Materials. The categories of industrial hazardous wastes were defined and listed in 4 items as follows:- Item 1 Hazardous wastes: Ignitable, corrosive, reactive, toxic and

leachable substances;- Item 2 Hazardous wastes from non-specific sources:- Item 3 Hazardous wastes: discarded commercial chemical products, off-

specification species, container residues, and spill residues (acute hazardous and toxic hazardous chemicals); and

- Item 4 Hazardous wastes: chemical wastes.According to the Notification of the Ministry of Industry No.1 B.E. 2541 (1998) issued pursuant to the provisions in the Factory Act B.E. 2535 (1992) on Disposal of Wastes or Unusable Materials, the categories of industrial wastes were defined and listed in 2 sections as follows:

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- Section 1 Industrial Non-Hazardous Wastes; and- Section 2 Wastes and Unusable Materials from Specific Industrial

Processes.Plastic wastes require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.Please refer to the notification of Ministry of Commerce on the import of used tyres into the Kingdom of Thailand B.E. 2546 (2003), issued on 23 May 2003, which will enter into force on 29 July 2003, which is mentioned under the heading “Restrictions on import for final disposal”



Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No dataTotal amount of other wastes generated 1 650 000



exported193 1)


imported1)


1) Amount for wastes including “recovered (waste and scrap) or paperboard”, “waste, pairings and scrap, of plastics” and “ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel” are not included.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Thailand.

Restrictions on export for final disposalThailand restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The production, import, export and possession of the hazardous substances as well as hazardous wastes within the Kingdom of Thailand shall be followed the procedure under the Ministerial Regulations B.E.2537 (1994) issued under the Hazardous Substance Act B.E.2535 (1992) which have entered into force since 1994. The restriction covers all countries. However, Thailand could export wastes listed in the Basel Convention for which there are no appropriate disposal facilities.

Restriction on export for recoveryThailand restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The production, import, export and possession of the hazardous substances as well as hazardous wastes within the Kingdom of Thailand shall

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be followed the procedure under the Ministerial Regulations B.E.2537 (1994) issued under the Hazardous Substance Act B.E.2535 (1992) which have entered into force since 1994. The restriction covers all countries and wastes listed in the Basel Convention.

Restrictions on import for final disposalThailand restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. Generally, any productions, imports, exports and possessions of the hazardous substances and wastes within the Kingdom of Thailand shall follow the procedures under the Regulation of Ministry of Industry B.E.2537 (1994). Additionally, the Royal Thai Government has a national policy on total ban of the hazardous waste import for final disposal within the country. e.g. The National Environmental Broad had a decision on import ban of used lead acid batteries and plastic wastes for final disposal since 1993 and 1994, respectively. The restriction covers all countries; wastes listed in the Basel Convention; used lead-acid batteries and plastic wastes; and wastes listed in the Notification of Ministry of Industry No. 2 B.E. 2543 (2000).Under the notification of Ministry of Commerce on the import of used tyres into the Kingdom of Thailand B.E. 2546 (2003), issued on 23 May 2003, which will enter into force on 29 July 2003, the imports of used tyres (under the harmonized code item 4012.11, 4012.12, 4012.192, 4012.199, 4012.202, and 4012.209) including their rubber scrap, pairings and waste (under the harmonized code item 4004.00) to Thailand have been prohibited. In case of the import for the purpose of research, model study or the vehicle attachment and for racing or tourism is excluded from the control under this notification.

Restrictions on import for recoveryThailand restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. Generally, any productions, imports, exports and possessions of the hazardous substances and wastes within the Kingdom of Thailand shall follow the procedures under the Regulation of Ministry of Industry B.E.2537 (1994). In addition, the import of plastic wastes for recovery in the Kingdom the importer/consignee/factory shall follow procedures under the Notification of Ministry of Commerce on the Import of Goods No.112 B.E.2539 (1996) and the Notification of Ministry of Industry on the criteria for the approval of the import of the scarp and used material which is made of used plastic and unused plastic B.E. 2539 (1996). For other hazardous wastes, since, Thailand has a specific law for the purpose of the control and hazardous waste management within the country, namely the Notification of Ministry of Industry No. 6 B.E. 2540 (1997). Therefore, if any wastes listed in the Notification have imported for recovery within the Kingdom, the importer/ consignee/factory shall manage such wastes pursuant to the criteria of the Notification. The restriction covers all countries; wastes listed in the Basel Convention; plastic wastes; and wastes listed in the Notification of Ministry of Industry No. 6 B.E. 2540 (1997) and the Notification of Ministry of Industry No. 2 B.E. 2543 (2000).

Restrictions on transitThailand restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. Generally, any productions, imports, exports and possessions of the

369

hazardous substances and wastes within the Kingdom of Thailand shall be followed the procedures under the Regulation of Ministry of Industry B.E.2537 (1994). In addition, the importer/ consignee/factory shall follow the Regulation of Port Authority of Thailand concerning the export and import of dangerous goods. The restriction covers all countries and wastes listed in the Basel Convention.


National strategies/policies- Provide an efficient hazardous waste management scheme that will cover

the process of import, export, transport, separation, collection, treatment, and disposal;

- Provide an emergency system to prevent and mitigate major hazardous waste accidents in the industrial sector, in transportation, and in storage of hazardous waste; and

- Encourage and promote private sector to join the investment and handle of hazardous waste management at all stages, as well as clean productions and clean technologies.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAccording to the Notification of the Ministry of Industry No. 6. [B.E. 2540 (1997)] issued pursuant to the Factory Act B.E. 2535(1992) on Disposal of Wastes or Unusable Materials, Factory operators having hazardous wastes which have such characteristics and properties as defined in Annex 1 of the notification (as described in waste stream) must carry out the disposal of the wastes or unusable materials as defined as follows:- Such hazardous wastes shall not be taken out of the factory except with

prior approval from the Director-General of Industrial Works Department or the person assigned by Director-General of Industrial Works Department to take them out to detoxify, dispose, discard or landfill by method and at the place according to the criterion and the method defined in Annex 2 of the Notification.

- Details on type, quantity, characteristics, properties and storing place of such hazardous wastes or unusable materials concerned as well as method of storage, detoxification, disposal, discarding, landfilling and transport according to "Form Ror. Ngor. 6", attached to the notification must be notified to the Department of Industrial Works within the limit of 90 days from the effective date hereof, except that factory operators who operate a factory after the effective date hereof shall notify within the limit of 90 days from the commencing date of factory operation.

Economic instruments/ initiatives- Tax differentiate, e.g. the different excise tax rate for recyclable batteries

production which is rebated 5% of the excise tax, unleaded gasoline (ULG);

- Tax exemption, e.g. equipment for the control, treatment or eliminate pollutants;

- Deposit-refund system, e.g. bring-back program, this system will be used as a tool for subsidizing the consumer to return the remains of products containing hazardous substances such as dry cell batteries for final

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disposal or recovery;- The environmental fund is established for the environmental sound

management activities in accordance with item 2 “Environmental Fund” of the Enhancement and Conservation of the National Environment Quality Act B.E. 2535 (1992); and

- The Thai green label scheme project is established for developing the criteria on the clean or waste minimized products (e.g. no mercury added dry cell batteries, recyclable plastic products, etc.)

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIn cooperation and support from relevant authorized agencies, 6 categories including plastics, agro, pulp and paper, electroplating, dyeing and tannery industries have been in the process of developing clean technologies and waste minimization methods.

OthersThe following methods have been used as support tools to reduce and/or eliminate generation of wastes:- ISO 14000s, ISO 18000, Life cycle Assessment and Greening of Supply

Chain etc.;- Research on clean technologies and waste minimization e.g. research on

cleaner production in the dyeing and synthetic rubber industries; and- Technical guidelines on the environmental sound management of

hazardous wastes generated from communities e.g. laboratory waste, commercial waste, infectious waste, vessel and port waste.


National strategies/policiesGenerally, the Royal Thai Government (RTG) has taken the strategies/measures in accordance with the provisions of the Basel Convention. RTG bans import of any hazardous wastes for final disposal and restricts import of some hazardous wastes for recovery. In addition, it has the extra control, as follows:

1) The National Environmental Board’s Decision 1993 on “Ban on the import of used lead-acid batteries for either disposal or recovery”; and

2) The National Environmental Board’s Decision 1994 on “Strict control on the import of used plastic scarps for recovery”.


Disposal facilitiesCentral hazardous waste disposal facilities are:- GENCO, Map Ta Put, Rayong Province serving industries in the Eastern

region, stabilization/neutralization unit (D9), physical - chemical treatment and biological treatment unit (D9), secured landfill (D5);

- Industrial Waste Treatment Plant, Samae Dum, Bangkok serving Central region, physical and chemical wastewater pre-treatment plant for dyeing and electroplating (D9), stabilization/neutralization unit (D9); and

- Secured landfill, Ratchaburi Province serving Central region, secured landfill (D5).

Central infectious waste incinerators are:371

- On-Nuch Infectious Waste Incinerator serving the hospitals and clinics in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, incineration (D10);

- Hat Yai Infectious Waste Incinerator serving the hospitals and clinics in Songkhla Province and its vicinity, incineration (D10);

- Samut Sakorn Infectious Waste Incinerator serving the hospitals and clinics in Samut Sakorn Province and its vicinity, incineration (D10), and

- Nonthaburi Infectious Waste Incinerator serving the hospitals and clinics in Nonthaburi Province and its vicinity, incineration (D10).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesFuel blending units:- GENCO, Rayong, Fuel Blending Unit (used solvent and waste oil) (R1,

R2);- Sita-Thai Waste Management Sevice Ltd., Saraburi, Fuel Blending Unit

(used solvent and waste oil) (R1);- Siam cement, Keang Khoi, Saraburi, Operating the cement kiln by using

wastes as fuel (energy recovery), used lubricated oil, waste paints and glues, etc., used tires (R1, R2);

Lead melting industries:- Lead Melting Industries, Recycling of lead from used lead-acid batteries

(R4);Solvent recovery units:- Techno-chem Ltd., Chacheongsoa, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,1,2-

Trichloroethylene, 1,1,3-Trichlorotrifluoroethane, Methylenechloride, Isopropyl alcohol;

- Recycle Engineering Ltd., Chonburi, Solvent and chemicals.

More information could be obtained from the Department of industrial Works (Tel. 662 2024165/69), www.diw.go.th or e-mail: [email protected]


None.



Department of Industrial Works (DIW); Pollution Control Department (PCD); Environmental Research and Training Center (ERTC); Department of Environment Quality Promotion (DEQP); and Environmental Research Institute of Chulalongkorn University (ERIC)

372


TUNISIA



Ministry for the Environment and Land Use PlanningCentre Urbain Nord, Immeuble ICF, 1080Tunistel: (216-71) 70-4000 or 70-4258fax: (216-71) 70-4340 or 70-2431e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Tunisia.

In Tunisia there is a national definition of hazardous wastes. Tunisian list (see Attachment 1) of hazardous wastes consists of (i) wastes contained in Annex I (hazardous wastes list) and; (ii) any other waste containing any Annex II constituents and exhibits any Annex III hazard characteristics. Each hazardous waste is assigned a six digit code.

Wastes included in the Tunisian definition of hazardous wastes that are in addition to those defined under Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel convention are provided in Attachment 2.

Waste anode butts made of petroleum coke and/or bitumen; used single-use cameras not containing batteries; wastes of synthetic or artificial fibres; waste photographic papers and films; spent activated carbons other than those mentioned in Attachment 1 (080702, 180106); and ships and other floating engines to be dismantled emptied of freight and any material classified as hazardous require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No dataTotal amount of other wastes generated 1 194 6321)



exportedNo export


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Amount refers to Y46. There are no incinerators in Tunisia and the incineration of household

wastes in non-authorized facilities is strictly prohibited by law no. 96-41 of 10 June 1996 on Wastes and the Control of their Management and Disposal.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionTunisia has ratified by law n°78 of 1999, on 2 August 1999, the Amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryTunisia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. By law n°96-41 on wastes and the control of their management and disposal (entered into force on the 10 June 1996), the export of hazardous wastes, as defined by national legislation, for final disposal and for recovery, to any State that prohibits the import of such wastes, is banned. Also is banned the export of hazardous wastes, for final disposal and for recovery, to any State that does not prohibit the import of such wastes in the case of the absence of its specific written consent.

The authorization of export is not attributed unless the satisfaction of the followed conditions:- Due account is taken of international rules and standards in the field of

packaging, labelling and transport;- The presentation of a written contract between the exporter and the

disposer/person in charge of the recovery;- The presentation of an insurance contract presenting sufficient financial

guarantees; and- The presentation of the movement document signed by the person who

takes charge of the transboundary movement of the wastes in question.

All countries are covered by this restriction.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recovery

374

Tunisia restricts the import of hazardous wastes for final disposal and for recovery. By law n°96-41 on wastes and the control of their management and disposal (entered into force on the 10 June 1996), the import of hazardous wastes, as defined by national legislation (see Attachment 1), for final disposal and for recovery, is strictly prohibited.

By law n°96-41, categories of waste, other than those defined as hazardous by national legislation, requiring specific control when imported, can be specified by decree.


Restrictions on transitTunisia restricts the transit of hazardous wastes. By law n°96-41 on wastes and the control of their management and disposal (entered into force on the 10th June 1996), the transit of hazardous wastes, as defined by national legislation, is not allowed until the reception by the exporter of the written authorization of the minister of the Environment and Land Use Planning.

The authorization of transit is not attributed unless the conditions that are mentioned under the above sub-heading “Restrictions on export for final disposal and recovery” are met.



National strategies/policiesThe National strategy on wastes has four objectives. They are: (i) to ensure

that wastes management takes place without endangering public health and the environment; (ii) to encourage the reduction in wastes in both qualitative and quantitative terms; (iii) to encourage recycling and re-use of wastes; and (iv) to establish methods and infrastructure to ensure wastes disposal to the lowest possible cost in environmental and economic terms.

The National Programme for Solid Wastes Management (PRONAGDES) was launched in 1993. The aim of the Programme is to provide the country with units for the treatment of household wastes, facilities for the treatment of hazardous wastes, and produce appropriate solutions and management plans for all categories of wastes.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Waste and waste treatment fall under the law n°96-41 of 1996 in which

the following general objectives are defined: (i) prevention and reduction of wastes especially during fabrication and distribution of products (ii) valorization of wastes by re-use and recycling both as materials or energy source (iii) controlled final landfill as a last resort;

- Decree n°97-1102 laying down conditions and methods for the collection and management of used bags and packaging;

- Following enactment of law 96-41 on wastes and the control of wastes management and disposal, legal instruments (decrees) on the management of categories of hazardous wastes, based on the polluter pays and producer recovers principles, are in the process of drafting;

375

- Standards on the concentration of pollutants in the industrial wastewater (metals, heavy metals, halogenated solvents, hydrocarbons, mineral oils, phenols, etc.) before junction to the public sewage works or abandon in the hydraulic and maritime property; and

- The environmental impact assessment (EIA) mandatory is obligatory for all activities (industrial, agricultural or commercial) that cause risks for pollution or degradation of the environment.

Economic instruments/ initiatives- Companies that carry out hazardous activities are obliged to pay taxes on

a yearly basis- Companies that take measures to abate pollution may profit from special

investment and tax tariffs:- Exoneration of import tariffs and VAT for equipment that has to be

imported and cannot be locally produced, and for VAT for locally produced equipment;

- Deduction of taxes of a maximum of 50% of profits reinvested or investment realized for equipment mentioned by decree n°94-1191; and

- The Fund on Pollution Abatement (FODEP). This fund has been installed by law n°92-122. It aims at helping the industries to invest in pollution abatement techniques. Projects are financed through this fund with the following financial scheme: 30% of the total project costs are to be financed with companies own means, up to 20% subsidy and for the remainder 50%, soft bank loans may be obtained. Projects are judged by the Ministry for the Environment through a fixed procedure.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- The only-one industry of pulp and paper has replaced the Denora-

Permelec process of electrolysis for the production of chlorine used to whiten pulp by a membrane process, which presents less risk for the environment. Thus, the release of significant quantities of mercury in wastewater has been avoided;

- The new process of SOTULUB (the Tunisian Company of Lubricating Oils) specialized in the re-refining and regeneration of waste mineral oil has permitted the avoidance of the generation of a significant quantity of hazardous wastes especially acid tars and used acid-treated clay;

- The Tunisian industry of electric transforms has avoided the use of mineral oils containing PCB;

- Two industries of asbestos-cement pipes, over three in Tunisia, have abandoned this process to the profit of plastic pipe process;

- The Tunisia’s only refinery has set up: (i) pre-treatment facilities to remove chemical pollutants (sulphur base chemicals, acids, etc.) and oil from wastewater (ii) treatment unit of sludge (high lead content); and

- The two industries of car batteries are recycling the lead fraction of the dead batteries.

Others- Over 60 companies in Tunisia are working in the field of the management

of wastes: household wastes, wastewater, plastic wastes, metal wastes,

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health care wastes, dead batteries and accumulators, used printer cartridges, radiological films, paper, sludge of wastewater treatment facilities. Most of these companies received subventions from the National Fund on Pollution Abatement (FODEP);

- The Tunisian Company of Lubricating Oils owns and operates a 16000 metric tonnes/year capacity plant for the re-refining and regeneration of used mineral oils; and

- A public system (ECO-LEF) for the collection of used packaging and its treatment, recycling and reuse was created. It is financed by contributions from members (producers, packagers, distributors and importers).

- Experimental operation of a pilot unit for the treatment of used oil filters (500 tons/year). Industries involved in this project are the Tunisian Company of Lubricating Oils which takes care of recovery and regeneration of the oil fraction; a cement plant which collects the synthetic fraction and assures recovery of its energy content; and a foundry which handles the metal fraction.




Disposal facilitiesA controlled landfill for household wastes for the city of Tunis, Specially engineered landfill with appropriate treatment facilities (D5); andSpecially engineered landfill with appropriate treatment facilities, Specially engineered landfills with appropriate treatment facilities especially for composting (D5).

For further sources of information on disposal facilities the Ministry of for the Environment and Land Use Planning could be contacted.

In 1996, 68 dump sites were identified as needing to be closed at the cost of some 55 million US$. A plan to close and rehabilitate these dump sites was drawn up.- The execution studies for the establishment of 29 controlled landfills in

the targeted townships have been completed;- A centre of hazardous wastes treatment (with a capacity of 70000 metric

tonnes) will be ready by 2004; and- An incinerator of clinical wastes from medical care, for the region of

Tunis, will be ready by 2002.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSome of the facilities are:- The Tunisian Company of Lubrication Oils (SOTULUB), preflash /gas oil

stripping /vacuum distillation /fractionation (R9);- Two Composting facilities for organic household wastes, aerobic

digestion (R10);- Eight private companies recycling plastic wastes, physical process

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(extrusion) (R3);- One company recycling used tyres, shredding/separation of the metallic

and synthetic fibres/crushing (R3); and- two companies recycling waste papers and paperboard, recovery of fibres

using pulpers/drying. (R5).


The Bamako Convention on the Import into Africa and the Control of the Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa, effective since 27 July 1992.


None.

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Attachment 1

TUNISIAN LIST OF HAZARDOUS WASTES:

1. Wastes contained in Annex I (hazardous wastes list) (*) ;2. Any other waste containing any Annex II constituents and exhibits any Annex III hazard

characteristics.

(*): Each hazardous waste is assigned a six digit code.

ANNEX IHazardous wastes list

Digit code

Designation

01 Radioactive wastes0101 Wastes arising from medical activities010101 Wastes from nuclear-medicine services010102 Wastes from radiotherapy services010103 Wastes from radio-immunology laboratories010104 Wastes from teaching hospital research0102 Wastes arising from non-medical activities010201 Spent sealed sources010202 Wastes of non sealed sources0103 Wastes from consumable products containing radioactive substances 010301 Wastes from consumable products containing radioactive substances (smoke detector,

lightning conductor, etc.)0104 Wastes from nuclear reactors010401 Spent nuclear combustible010402 Other wastes of nuclear reactors02 Wastes from human or animal health care and/or related research 0201 Wastes from natal care, diagnosis, treatment or prevention of disease in humans020101 Body parts and organs including blood bags and blood preserves020102 Discarded chemicals and medicines020103 Other wastes whose collection and disposal is subject to special requirements in view of the

prevention of infection020104 Wastes from laboratories0202 Wastes from research, diagnosis, treatment or prevention of disease involving animals020201 Wastes of veterinary products020202 Discarded chemicals020203 Other wastes whose collection and disposal is subject to special requirements in view of the

prevention of infection03 Wastes from agricultural, horticultural, hunting, fishing and aquaculture primary

production, food, preparation and processing 0301 Primary production wastes030101 Agrochemical wastes030102 Dejected animals in order to combat diseases 030103 Out-of-date pesticides

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0302 Wastes from fruit, vegetables, cereals, edible oils, conserve production and tobacco processing030201 Sludge from on-site effluent treatment04 Wastes resulting from exploration, mining, dressing and treatment of minerals0401 Wastes from physical and chemical processing of metaliferous minerals 040101 Tailings040102 Dusty and powdery waste0402 Waste from physical and chemical processing of non-metaliferous minerals040201 Waste from potash and rock salt processing040202 Waste from washing and cleaning of minerals0403 Drilling mud and other drilling wastes040301 Oil-containing drilling mud and wastes 040302 Barite-containing, chloride-containing or heavy metals-containing mud and wastes040303 Polymers-containing drilling mud and wastes05 Wastes from wood processing and the production of paper, cardboard, pulp, panels and

furniture0501 Wood preservation wastes050101 Non-halogenated organic wood preservatives050102 Organochlorinated wood preservatives050103 Organometallic wood preservatives050104 Inorganic wood preservatives0502 Wastes from pulp, paper and cardboard production and processing050201 De-inking sludge from paper recycling06 Wastes from the leather and textile industries0601 Wastes from leather industry060101 Degreasing wastes containing solvents without a liquid phase0602 Wastes from textile industry060201 Halogenated wastes from dressing and finishing07 Wastes from petroleum refining, natural gas purification and pyrolytic treatment of

coal0701 Oily sludge and solid wastes070101 Tank bottom sludge070102 Acid alkyl sludge070103 Oil spills070104 Acid tars070105 Other tars0702 Spent filter clays070201 Spent filter clays0703 Wastes from the pyrolytic treatment of coal070301 Acid tars070302 Other tars0704 Wastes from natural gas purification070401 Sludge containing mercury0705 Wastes from oil regeneration070501 Spent filter clays070502 Acid tars070503 Other tars070504 Aqueous liquid wastes from oil regeneration08 Wastes from inorganic chemical processes

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0801 Waste acidic solutions080101 Sulphuric acid and sulphurous acid080102 Hydrochloric acid080103 Hydrofluoric acid080104 Phosphoric and phosphorous acid080105 Nitric acid and nitrous acid0802 Waste alkaline solutions080201 Calcium hydroxide080202 Soda080203 Ammonia0803 Waste salts and their solutions080301 Salt and solutions containing cyanides080302 Saline solutions containing cyanides0804 Metal-containing wastes080401 Metallic salts080402 Wastes containing arsenic080403 Wastes containing mercury080404 Wastes containing other heavy metals0805 Wastes from on-site effluent treatment080501 Sludge from on-site effluent treatment0806 Wastes from sulphur chemical processes and desulphurisation processes080601 Wastes containing sulphur0807 Wastes from halogen chemical processes080701 Wastes containing asbestos from electrolysis080702 Spent activated carbon from chlorine production0808 Wastes from other inorganic chemical processes080801 Inorganic pesticides, biocides and wood preserving agents09 Wastes from organic chemical processes0901 Wastes from the manufacture, formulation, supply and use (MFSU) of basic organic

chemicals090101 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090102 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090103 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090104 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090105 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090106 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090107 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents0902 Wastes from the MFSU of plastics, synthetic rubber and man-made fibres090201 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090202 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090203 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090204 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090205 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090206 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090207 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents0903 Wastes from MFSU of organic dyes and pigments090301 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090302 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors

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090303 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090304 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090305 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090306 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090307 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents0904 Wastes from the MFSU of organic pesticides090401 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090402 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090403 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090404 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090405 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090406 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090407 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents0905 Wastes from the MFSU of pharmaceuticals090501 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090502 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090503 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090504 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090505 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090506 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090507 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents0906 Wastes from the MFSU of fats, grease, soaps, detergents, disinfectants and cosmetics.090601 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090602 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090603 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090604 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090605 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090606 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090607 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents0907 Wastes from the MFSU of fine chemicals and chemical products not otherwise specified090701 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090702 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090703 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090704 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090705 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090706 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090707 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents10 Wastes from the MFSU of coatings (paints, varnishes and vitreous enamels), adhesives,

sealant and printing inks 1001 Wastes from the MFSU of paints and varnish100101 Waste paints and varnish containing halogenated solvents100102 Waste paints and varnish containing non-halogenated solvents100103 Sludge from paints or varnish removal containing halogenated solvents100104 Sludge from paints or varnish removal containing non-halogenated solvents1002 Waste from the MFSU of printing inks100201 Waste ink containing halogenated solvents100202 Waste ink containing non-halogenated solvents100203 Ink sludge containing halogenated solvents

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100204 Ink sludge containing non-halogenated solvents100205 Waste printing toner (including cartridges)1003 Wastes from the MFSU of adhesives and sealant, including waterproofing products100301 Waste adhesives and sealant containing halogenated solvents100302 Waste adhesives and sealant containing non-halogenated solvents100303 Adhesive and sealant sludge containing halogenated solvents100304 Adhesive and sealant sludge containing non-halogenated solvents11 Wastes from photographic industry1101 Wastes from photographic industry110101 Water based developer and activator solutions110102 Water based offset plate developer solutions110103 Solvent based developer solutions110104 Fixer solutions110105 Bleach solutions and bleach fixer solutions110106 Wastes containing silver from on-site treatment of photographic wastes12 Inorganic wastes from thermal processes1201 Wastes from power stations and other combustion plants120101 Oil fly ash120102 Sulphuric acid1203 Wastes from aluminium thermal metallurgy120301 Tars and other carbon-containing wastes from anode manufacture120302 Skimmings120303 Primary smelting slag and white drosses120304 Spent pot linings120305 Salt slag from secondary smelting120306 Black drosses from secondary smelting120307 Wastes from treatment of salt slag and black drosses treatment1204 Wastes from lead thermal metallurgy120401 Slag of first and secondary smelting120402 Dross and skimmings of first and second smelting120403 Calcium arsenate120404 Flue gas dust120405 Other particulates and dust120406 Sludge and wastes from gas treatment1205 Wastes from zinc thermal metallurgy120501 Slag of first and second smelting120502 Dross and skimmings of first and second smelting120503 Flue gas dust120504 Other particulates and dust120505 Sludge and wastes from gas treatment1206 Wastes from copper thermal metallurgy120601 Flue gas dust120602 Wastes from electrolytic refining120603 Sludge and wastes from gas treatment1207 Wastes from manufacture of cement, lime and plaster and articles and products made from

them120701 Wastes from asbestos-cement manufacture13 Inorganic wastes with metals from metal treatment and the coating of metals, and the

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non-ferrous hydro-metallurgy1301 Liquid wastes and sludge from metal treatment and coating of metals (e.g. galvanic

processes, zinc coating processes, pickling processes, etching, phosphatizing, alkaline degreasing)

130101 Cyanide (alkaline) wastes containing heavy metals130102 Cyanide (alkaline) wastes which do not contain heavy metals130103 cyanide-free wastes containing chromium130104 Acidic pickling solutions130105 Acids non otherwise specified130106 Alkalis not otherwise specified130107 Phosphatizing sludge1302 Wastes and sludge from non-ferrous hydrometallurgical processes130201 Sludge from zinc hydrometallurgy1303 Sludge and solids from tempering processes130301 Wastes containing cyanide14 Wastes from shaping and surface treatment of metals and plastics1401 Wastes from shaping (forging, welding, pressing, drawing, turning, cutting and filing)140101 Waste machining oils containing halogens (not emulsioned)140102 Waste machining oils free of halogens (not emulsioned)140103 Waste machining emulsions containing halogens140104 Waste machining emulsions free of halogens140105 Synthetic machining oils140106 Machining sludge140107 Spent waxes and fats1402 Wastes from water and steam degreasing processes140201 Aqueous washing liquids140202 Steam degreasing wastes15 Oil wastes except edible oils1501 Waste hydraulic oils and brake fluids150101 Hydraulic oils containing PCBs or PCTs150102 Other chlorinated hydraulic oils (not emulsions)150103 Non-chlorinated hydraulic oils (not emulsions)150104 Other chlorinated hydraulic oils (emulsions)150105 Non-chlorinated hydraulic oils (emulsions)150106 Mineral hydraulic oils150107 Other hydraulic oils150108 Brake fluids1502 Waste engine, gear and lubricating oils150201 Chlorinated engine, gear and lubricating oils 150202 Non-chlorinated engine, gear and lubricating oils150203 Other engine, gear and lubricating oils1503 Waste insulating and heat transmission oils and other liquids150301 Insulating or heat transmission oils and other liquids containing PCBs or PCTs150302 Other chlorinated insulating and heat transmission oils and other liquids150303 Non-chlorinated insulating and heat transmission oils and other liquids150304 Synthetic insulating and heat transmission oils and other liquids150305 Mineral insulating and heat transmission oils1504 Bilge oils

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150401 Bilge oils from jetty sewers150402 Bilge oils from maritime navigation1505 Oil/water separator contents150501 Oil/water separator solid wastes150502 Oil/water separator sludge 150503 Interceptor sludge150504 Desalter sludge or emulsions150505 Other emulsions1506 Used oil non otherwise specified150601 Used oil non otherwise specified16 Wastes from organic substances employed as solvents1601 Wastes from metal degreasing and machinery maintenance160101 Chlorofluorocarbons160102 Other halogenated solvents and solvent mixes160103 Non-halogenated solvents and solvent mixes160104 Aqueous solvent mixes containing halogens160105 Aqueous solvent mixes free of halogens160106 Sludge or solid waste containing halogenated solvents160107 Sludge or solid waste free of halogenated solvents1602 Wastes from textile cleaning and degreasing of natural products160201 Halogenated solvents and solvent mixes160202 Non-halogenated solvent mixes or organic liquids 160203 Sludge or solid wastes containing halogenated solvents160204 Sludge or solid wastes containing other solvents1603 Wastes from electronic industry160301 Chlorofluorocarbons160302 Other halogenated solvents160303 Non-halogenated solvents and solvent mixes 160304 Sludge or solid wastes containing halogenated solvents160305 Sludge or solid wastes containing other solvents1604 Wastes from coolants, foam/aerosol propellants160401 Chlorofluorocarbons160402 Other halogenated solvents and solvent mixes160403 Non-halogenated solvents and solvent mixes160404 Sludge or solid wastes containing halogenated solvents160405 Sludge or solid wastes containing other solvents1605 Wastes from solvent and coolant recovery (still bottoms)160501 Chlorofluorocarbons160502 Other halogenated solvents and solvent mixes160503 Non-halogenated solvents and solvent mixes160504 Sludge containing halogenated solvents160505 Sludge containing other solvents17 Construction and demolition wastes1701 Insulation materials170101 Insulation materials containing asbestos18 Wastes from waste treatment facilities, off-site waste water treatment plants and the

water industry1801 Wastes from incineration or pyrolysis of municipal and similar commercial, industrial

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and institutional wastes180101 Fly ash180102 Boiler dust180103 Filter cake from gas treatment180104 Aqueous liquid waste from gas treatment and other aqueous liquid wastes180105 Solid wastes from gas treatment180106 Spent activated carbon from flue gas treatment1802 Wastes from specific physico/chemical treatments of industrial wastes (e.g.

dechromatation, decyanidation, neutralisation)180201 Metal hydroxide sludge and other sludge from metal insolubilisation treatment180202 Premixed wastes for final disposal1803 Vitrified wastes and wastes from vitrification180301 Fly ash and other gas treatment wastes180302 Non-vitrified solid phase1804 Landfill leachate180401 Landfill leachate1805 Wastes from waste water treatment plants not otherwise specified180501 Grease and oil mixture from oil/waste separation180502 Saturated or spent ion exchange resins180503 Solutions and sludge from regeneration of ion exchangers19 Municipal wastes and similar commercial, industrial and institutional wastes including

separately collected fractions1901 Separately collected fractions190101 Paint, ink, adhesives and resins190102 Solvents190103 Photo chemicals190104 Pesticides190105 Medicines190106 Fluorescent tubes and other mercury containing wastes190107 Batteries and accumulators190108 Aerosols190109 Equipment containing chlorofluorocarbons190110 Used oil filters20 Wastes non otherwise specified2001 End of life vehicles200101 Catalysts removed from vehicles containing precious metals200102 Other catalysts removed from vehicles2002 Discarded equipment and shredder residues200201 Transformers and capacitors containing PCBs and PCTs200202 Discarded equipment containing chlorofluorocarbons200203 Discarded equipment containing asbestos200204 Wastes from the asbestos processing industry2003 Waste explosives200301 Waste ammunition200302 Fireworks wastes200303 Other waste explosives2004 Batteries and accumulators200401 Lead batteries

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200402 Ni-Cd batteries200403 Mercury dry cells200404 Electrolyte from batteries and accumulators2005 Wastes from transport and storage tank cleaning200501 Wastes from marine transport tank cleaning, containing chemicals200502 Wastes from marine transport tank cleaning, containing oil200503 Wastes from railway and road transport tank cleaning, containing oil200504 Wastes from railway and road transport tank cleaning, containing chemicals200505 Wastes from storage tank cleaning, containing chemicals200506 Wastes from storage tank cleaning, containing oil

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ANNEX IIList of constituents

C1 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs) or polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)

C2 Metal carbonylsC3 Beryllium; beryllium compoundsC4 Hexavalent chromium compoundsC5 Copper compoundsC6 Zinc compoundsC7 Selenium; selenium compoundsC8 Cadmium; cadmium compoundsC9 Antimony; antimony compoundsC10 Tellurium; tellurium compoundsC11 Mercury; mercury compoundsC12 Thallium; thallium compoundsC13 Lead; lead compoundsC14 Vanadium compoundsC15 Cobalt compoundsC16 Nickel compoundsC17 Silver compoundsC18 Tin compoundsC19 Barium compounds excluding barium sulphateC20 Arsenic; arsenic compoundsC21 Inorganic fluorine compounds excluding calcium fluorideC22 Inorganic cyanidesC23 Acidic solutions or acids in solid formC24 Basic solutions or bases in solid formC25 Asbestos (dust and fibres)C26 Organic phosphorus compoundsC27 Organic cyanidesC28 Phenols; phenol compounds including chlorophenolsC29 EthersC30 Halogenated organic solventsC31 Organic solvents excluding halogenated solventsC32 Any congenor of polychlorinated dibenzo-furanC33 Any congenor of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxinC34 Aromatic compounds, polycyclic and heterocyclyc organic compoundsC35 Organohalogen compounds excluding actionless polymerized compounds C36 Inorganic sulphidesC37 The following alkaline or alkaline-earth metals, in a non combined form: lithium,

sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesiumC38 ChloratesC39 PerchloratesC40 AzidesC41 CreosotesC42 Iso-cyanates and thio-cyanatesC43 Aliphatic aminesC44 Aromatic amines

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C45 Organic compounds of sulphurC46 PeroxidesC47 Pharmaceutical and veterinary compoundsC48 Out-of-date pesticidesC49 Biocides and phytopharmaceuticalsC50 Infectious substancesC51 Substances of an explosive natureC52 Hydrocarbons and their oxygenated, nitrogenated and sulphurated compoundsC53 Radio nuclides

ANNEX III

List of hazardous characteristics

Classification

Characteristics

1 ExplosiveSolid or liquid substances or preparations capable to explode under the effect of flame or which are sensitive to chocks or friction in a manner to cause damage to the surroundings

3 Flammable liquidsLiquids or mixture of liquids containing solids in solution or suspension (for example, paints, varnishes, lacquers, etc.) which give off a flammable vapour at temperatures of more than 60°EC, closed-cup test, or not more than 65°EC, open-cup test.

Liquid substances or preparations having a flash point less than or equal to 55°EC.

4.1 Flammable solidsSolids, or waste solids, other than those classed as explosives, which under conditions encountered in transport are readily combustible, or may cause or contribute to fire through friction.

4.2 Substances liable to spontaneous combustionSubstances or wastes which are liable to spontaneous heating in contact with air, and being then liable to catch fire.Substances or preparations which may readily catch fire after brief contact with a source of ignition and which continue to burn or to be consumed after removal of the source of ignition.

4.3 Substances or wastes which, in contact with water emit flammable gasesSubstances or wastes, which, by interaction with water, are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities.

5.1 OxidizingSubstances or wastes which, while in themselves not necessarily combustible may, generally by yielding oxygen cause, or contribute to, the combustion of other materials.

5.2 Organic PeroxidesOrganic substances or wastes which contain the bivalent –O-O- structure are thermally unstable substances which may undergo exothermic self-accelerating decomposition.

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6.1 Poisonous (Acute)Substances or wastes liable either to cause death or serious injury or to harm health if swallowed or inhaled or by skin contact

6.2 Infectious substancesSubstances or wastes containing viable micro organisms or their toxins which are known or suspected to cause disease in animals or humans

7 Radioactive Substances containing one or more radio nuclides which activity or concentration could not be neglected from the view of protection against radiation.

8.1 CorrosivesSubstances or wastes which, by chemical action, will cause severe damage when in contact with living tissue, or may cause other hazards.

8.2 IrritantsNon-corrosive substances or preparations which, through immediate, prolonged or repeated contact with the skin, can cause inflammation.

9.1 Liberation of toxic gases in contact with air or waterSubstances or wastes which, by interaction with air or water, are liable to give off toxic gases in dangerous quantities.

9.2 Toxic (Delayed or chronic)Substances or wastes which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may involve delayed or chronic effects, including carcinogenicity.

9.3 Ecotoxic Substances or wastes which if released present or may present immediate or delayed adverse impacts to the environment by means of bioaccumulation and/or toxic effects upon biotic systems.

9.4 CarcinogenicSubstances or preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may induce cancer or increase its incidence.

9.5 TeratogenicSubstances or preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may induce non-hereditary congenital malformations or increase their incidence.

9.6 HarmfulSubstances or preparations which, if they are inhaled or ingested or if they penetrate the skin, may involve limited health risks.

9.7 Substances capable, by any means, after disposal, of yielding another substance, e.g., a leachate, which possesses any of the characteristics listed above.

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Attachment 2

Wastes included in the Tunisian definition of hazardous wastes that are in addition to those defined under Art1, para 1(a) of the Basel Convention

1. The following wastes (having a six digit code)

Digit code Designation01 Radioactive wastes0101 Wastes arising from medical activities010101 Wastes from nuclear-medicine services010102 Wastes from radiotherapy services010103 Wastes from radio-immunology laboratories010104 Wastes from teaching hospital research0102 Wastes arising from non-medical activities010201 Spent sealed sources010202 Wastes of non sealed sources0103 Wastes from consumable products containing radioactive substances 010301 Wastes from consumable products containing radioactive substances (smoke detector,

lightning conductor, etc.)0104 Wastes from nuclear reactors010401 Spent nuclear combustible010402 Other wastes of nuclear reactors

03 Wastes from agricultural, horticultural, hunting, fishing and aquaculture primary production, food, preparation and processing

0301 Primary production wastes030101 Agrochemical wastes030102 Dejected animals in order to combat diseases

04 Wastes resulting from exploration, mining, dressing and treatment of minerals0401 Wastes from physical and chemical processing of metaliferous minerals 040101 Tailings040102 Dusty and powdery waste0402 Waste from physical and chemical processing of non-metaliferous minerals040201 Waste from potash and rock salt processing040202 Waste from washing and cleaning of minerals0403 Drilling mud and other drilling wastes040301 Oil-containing drilling mud and wastes 040302 Barite-containing, chloride-containing or heavy metals-containing mud and wastes040303 Polymers-containing drilling mud and wastes

0502 Wastes from pulp, paper and cardboard production and processing050201 De-inking sludge from paper recycling

0806 Wastes from sulphur chemical processes and desulphurisation processes080601 Wastes containing sulphur

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09 Wastes from organic chemical processes0901 Wastes from the manufacture, formulation, supply and use (MFSU) of basic organic

chemicals090101 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090102 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090103 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090104 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090105 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090106 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090107 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents

0902 Wastes from the MFSU of plastics, synthetic rubber and man-made fibres090201 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090202 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090203 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090204 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090205 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090206 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090207 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents

0906 Wastes from the MFSU of fats, grease, soaps, detergents, disinfectants and cosmetics.090601 Aqueous washing liquids and mother liquors090602 Organic halogenated solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090603 Other organic solvents, washing liquids and mother liquors090604 Halogenated still bottoms and reaction residues090605 Other still bottoms and reaction residues090606 Halogenated filter cakes, spent absorbents090607 Other filter cakes, spent absorbents

1203 Wastes from aluminium thermal metallurgy120301 Tars and other carbon-containing wastes from anode manufacture120302 Skimmings120303 Primary smelting slag and white drosses120304 Spent pot linings120305 Salt slag from secondary smelting120306 Black drosses from secondary smelting120307 Wastes from treatment of salt slag and black drosses treatment

1801 Wastes from incineration or pyrolysis of municipal and similar commercial, industrial and institutional wastes

180101 Fly ash180102 Boiler dust180103 Filter cake from gas treatment180104 Aqueous liquid waste from gas treatment and other aqueous liquid wastes180105 Solid wastes from gas treatment180106 Spent activated carbon from flue gas treatment

1803 Vitrified wastes and wastes from vitrification392

180301 Fly ash and other gas treatment wastes180302 Non-vitrified solid phase

1805 Wastes from waste water treatment plants not otherwise specified180502 Saturated or spent ion exchange resins180503 Solutions and sludge from regeneration of ion exchangers

19 Municipal wastes and similar commercial, industrial and institutional wastes including separately collected fractions

1901 Separately collected fractions190108 Aerosols190109 Equipment containing chlorofluorocarbons190110 Used oil filters

20 Wastes non otherwise specified2001 End of life vehicles200101 Catalysts removed from vehicles containing precious metals200102 Other catalysts removed from vehicles2002 Discarded equipment and shredder residues200202 Discarded equipment containing chlorofluorocarbons

2005 Wastes from transport and storage tank cleaning200501 Wastes from marine transport tank cleaning, containing chemicals200502 Wastes from marine transport tank cleaning, containing oil200503 Wastes from railway and road transport tank cleaning, containing oil200504 Wastes from railway and road transport tank cleaning, containing chemicals200505 Wastes from storage tank cleaning, containing chemicals200506 Wastes from storage tank cleaning, containing oil

1. Wastes having as constituents:

C15 : Cobalt compounds ; C16: Nickel compounds; C17: Silver compounds; C18: Tin compounds; C19: Barium compounds excluding barium sulphate C34: Aromatic compounds, polycyclic and heterocyclyc organic compounds; C36: Inorganic sulphides; C37: The following alkaline or alkaline-earth metals, in a non-combined form:

lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium; C38: Chlorates; C39: Perchlorates; C40: Azides; C41: Creosotes; C42: Iso-cyanates and thio-cyanates; C43: Aliphatic amines; C44: Aromatic amines; C45: Organic compounds of sulphur;

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C52: Hydrocarbons and their oxygenated, nitrogenated and sulphurated compounds. C53: Radio nuclides.

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TURKEY



Waste Management DepartmentGeneral Directorate of Environmental

Pollution, Prevention and Control Ministry of Environment Eski ehir Yolu, 8. Km., C Blok 06530 Ankaratel: (90-312) 287-9963/5312 and 285-1784fax: (90-312) 285-5875e-mail: [email protected] site: www.cevre.gov.tr


National Definition

According to the Turkish Environment Law, official paper of 11 August 1983 (No. 18123), waste is harmful substances discharged into or dumping in the environment as a result of any activity,

According to the Regulation regarding the Control of Hazardous Waste published in the official paper of 27 August 1995 (No. 22387), hazardous wastes are those wastes deemed within the scope of Annex I and II of the Basel Convention and having one or several of the hazardous characteristics included and/or specified within Annex III of the Convention, and materials polluted by these wastes. Under Turkish Regulation, hazardous wastes lists performed according to the (i) Reasons why materials are intended for disposal, (ii) Disposal operations, (iii) List of hazardous characteristics and (iv) Constituents of potentially hazardous wastes.

Medical waste, gypsum, waste oils, ashes from incineration plants, used batteries and accumulators, mining waste, used tires and slaughterhouse waste are defined as “special wastes” according to the Turkish legislation. These wastes of which some are generated in huge quantities (especially gypsum and ashes), of which are hazardous and some are not. Therefore special treatments are necessary to dispose of these wastes. Draft Regulations on waste oils, waste batteries and ashes from incineration plants have been prepared. There are regulations on “Control of Medical Waste” (published in the official paper of 20 May 1993-No. 21586), “Control of

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Solid Waste” (published in the official paper of 14 March of 1991- No. 20814).

Turkey is in a preparatory process to regulate/control wastes defined as, or considered to be hazardous wastes by national legislation in accordance with Art. 1, para 1(b) of the Basel Convention.

According to the National Regulations and Communiqué, the importation of plastic wastes and used tyres is prohibited in Turkey. Therefore for the transit transportation of used tyres through Turkey is subject to the approval of Ministry of Environment. In giving this consent, it is necessary to take the written consent of the state of import.






exported888 1)


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Amount refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes exported under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45).


Amendment to the Basel ConventionTurkey supports and implements the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1). Turkey is in the progress of ratifying the Amendment to the Basel Convention. The Decision has been approved by the Sub-Commission Foreign Affairs in Turkish Parliament.

Restrictions on export for final disposal Turkey restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal in accordance with the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for recoveryTurkey restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery in accordance with the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

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Restrictions on import for final disposalTurkey restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal. The relevant legislation is the regulation on the Control of Hazardous Wastes, which came into force in 1995, no 22387. According to the mentioned regulation, importation of hazardous wastes listed in the Annex to sites and free zones under the authority of Turkey is forbidden. However, those who have evidence that they have used the wastes of an economic value on sectoral basis for health research, fuel and similar purposes shall be granted a permission for import by the Ministry of Environment in accordance with the communiqué to be issued for such period and under such conditions as to be deemed fit until the publication of the Regulations.

Restrictions on import for recoveryTurkey restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery. The restriction covers all countries, including free zones. Some metal scraps, some textile wastes and some other wastes listed in List B of the Basel Convention are imported for recovery by the approval of the Ministry of Environment according to communiqué which is to be revised every year under the sectoral needs.

Restrictions on transitTurkey restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the Regulation on the Control of Hazardous Waste which come into force in 1995, Communiqué which has been revised each year by Ministry of Environment. The restriction covers all countries, including free zones. In the Communiqué, the importation of plastic wastes and waste tyres to the Turkey is forbidden. For that reason, for transit of these wastes through Turkey is subject to the approval of the Ministry of Environment. In the case of transit movement, Ministry requires the written consent of the state of import before giving the transit permission.


National strategies/policies- Minimization of the waste production at the source;- The recovery and reuse of waste is the principle of our national regulation

if recovery and reuse of wastes are impossible as technical and financial prospective. The wastes shall be eliminated without causing and damage to the environment and human health. Elimination systems must be selected based on the waste characteristics and the corresponding technologies; and

- Establishment of sufficient elimination facilities, and control of such facilities in an environmentally sound manner.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Communiqué on the Rules for the Incineration of Wastes as Alternative or

Additive Fuels in Cement Rotary Kilns;- Regulation on the Control of Hazardous Wastes (published on 27 August

1995);- Regulation on the Control of Clinical Wastes (published on 20 May

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1993); and- Regulation on the Control of Solid Wastes (published on 14 March 1991).

Economic instruments/ initiativesApplication of lower electric cost to waste disposal facilities, which produce energy.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsThe waste generators shall be liable to adopt the necessary measures for the minimization of waste production and to ensure waste management in a manner so that the harmful effects of wastes on the environment and the human health shall be minimized in accordance with the provisions of national regulation.

Also waste generators have to fill the waste declaration form every year and forward it to Ministry of Environment using the waste description code issued by the Ministry.

Responsible care is being implemented among the industrialists. There has been also Environmental Voluntary Declaration applied by the Ministry of Environment to some industries. Also, efforts are made by the industries/waste generators through recycling/recovery to reduce the generation of hazardous wastes.

OthersIn order to enhance the recovery of waste pilot projects have been initiated in İstanbul, Kocaeli and Bursa provinces by the coordination of the Ministry under the umbrella of Turkish Union of Stock Markets and Chambers Commerce and Industry regarding the waste stock exchange.


National strategies/policiesMinistry of Environment is developing a hazardous waste master plan for national and regional basis, and to strengthen the Ministry’ s capacities with regard to hazardous waste management and master planning. The regional master plan will encompass a time frame until 2020 and will address:

- Interim storage, collection and transport issues, including trans-regional transport issues;

- Reuse and recycling issues including criteria for use of secondary materials;

- Incineration and sanitary disposal issues;- Regulations and enforcement issues, including economic instruments and

participatory regulation;- Public participation and information issues;- Institutional and legal requirement. The outputs of this plan include, a

base line inventory, development of a supportive Management Information System, identification and selection of sites with sufficient capacities for sanitary disposal and incineration facilities of hazardous wastes; and

- Carry out a project that aims at providing construction and operation of

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necessary facilities for hazardous wastes in Turkey. Disseminate the project results amongst the companies and organisations that have a stake in the hazardous waste management.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Regulation on Hazardous Waste, Chemical Waste, Solid Waste

Management; and- Basel Convention Guidelines.

Economic instruments/ initiativesMinistry of Environment offered projects to the LIFE and SMAP Programme.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsThe policy which is given priority by the Ministry of Environment is that the wastes generated in Turkey have to be used as secondary raw materials by industries instead of waste importation. In this context, iron-steel industries are studying possibilities to produce used blasting grit from iron and steel slags which is used for blasting of ships.


Disposal facilities- İZAYDAŞ A.Ş., specially engineered landfill (D5); and- İZAYDAŞ Klinik ve Tehlikeli Atık Yakma ve Enerji Üretim Tesisi,

incineration (D10).

These facilities have been licensed by the Ministry of Environment for final disposal.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesSome of the available facilities are:

- Engin Petrol A.Ş., Used oil re-refining or other reuses of previously used oil (R9);

- Çinkanlar Kim. Mad. Tic. Ve San. Ltd. Şti., Solvent reclamation/ regeneration and used oil re-refining or other reuses of previously used oil (R2, R9);

- M/V BSEC MARMARA-1 Ship, used oil re-refining or other reuses of previously used oil (R9);

- GÜVENER Kauçuk ve Plastik San. Tic. A.Ş., used oil re-refining or other uses of previously used oil (R9); and

- ER-KIM Kimya Sanayi ve Ticaret, solvent reclamation/ regeneration and used oil re-refining or other reuses of previously used oil (R2, R9).

These facilities have been licensed by the Ministry of Environment for recovery. A complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.


None.

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Regional Agreements



Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Industrial and Trade; Turkish Union of Stock Markets and Chambers of Commerce and Industry; Middle East Technical University (Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering); Boğaziçi University (Turkish National Committee on Solid Wastes); and Institution of Turkish Scientific and Technical Research.

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UGANDA



Executive DirectorNational Environment Management AuthorityNEMA House, Plot 17/19/21 Jinja RoadP.O. Box 22255, Kampalatel: (256-41) 251-064fax: (256 41) 257-521e-mail: [email protected] site: www.nemaug.org

Senior Environment InspectorNational Environment Management AuthorityNEMA House, Plot 17/19/21 Jinja RoadP.O. Box 22255, Kampalatel: (256-41) 25-1064/5/8 or cell: (256-77) 43-6195fax: (256-41) 25-7521e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

“Waste” includes any matter prescribed as waste, and any radio active matter, whether liquid, solid, gaseous or radioactive which is discharged, emitted or deposited into the environment in such volume, composition or manner as to cause an alteration of the environment.

“Hazardous waste” means any waste specified in the Fifth Schedule or any waste having the characteristics defined in the Second Schedule and determined in accordance with guidelines set out in the Third Schedule of The National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations 1999.

The definition of hazardous waste under the waste management regulations follows the standard definitions laid out in Annexes I, II and III of the Basel Convention. The only modification however, is the inclusion of carcinogenic and radioactive wastes. The waste management regulations lay down in detail the substances, which are considered hazardous, and this list closely follows the list laid down in the Bamako convention, which was preferred to that of the Basel Convention due to its comprehensive coverage.

Uganda further regulates wastes containing/contaminated by radio-nuclides, (the concentration or properties of which result from human activity) and carcinogenic wastes as hazardous wastes.

In Uganda, expired foodstuffs require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exportedNo export


importedNo import



Amendment to the Basel ConventionUganda is in final/advanced preparatory process of acceding implementing the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1).

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryUganda restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the National Environment statute (1995); and the National Waste Management Regulations (1999). This restriction is global and covers all wastes. No Export of Hazardous Waste is allowed except for destruction purposes in accordance with the Basel Convention. Export will be in accordance with the Guidelines setup by NEMA.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryUganda restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are the National Environment Statute (1995); and the National Waste Management Regulations (1999). The restriction covers all regions and all wastes.

Regarding the transboundary movement of hazardous waste, the import is prohibited. However, persons desiring to import or export any wastes may apply for a license by completing a movement document, which conforms to the Basel Convention requirements. NEMA is required to notify other States through which the waste will transit in order to seek their informed consent.

In order to ensure tight control/monitoring of possible illegal hazardous waste imports into the country, only a few points have been designated as entry ports.

Restrictions on transitUganda restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is the National Waste Management Regulations (1999).

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Transit must be in line with national regulations and Basel Convention framework.


National strategies/policiesUganda has a national environment policy and an environment sector 5 year plan/programme that is reviewed every 5 years.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesThe National Environment Statute, 1995 established the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) as the principal agency in Uganda for the coordination, monitoring and supervision of all environmental matters. Under Section 54 of this Statute, NEMA is mandated to make regulations and guidelines for the classification and management of hazardous wastes. NEMA released the following regulations and guidelines:

- The National Environment Waste Management Regulations 1999. These regulations apply to all categories of hazardous and non-hazardous waste; the storage and disposal of hazardous waste and their movement into and out of Uganda; and all waste disposal facilities, landfills, sanitary fills and incinerators;

- The National Environment (standards for discharge of effluent into water or land) Regulations;

- Guidelines for the Management of toxic and hazardous chemicals and materials;

- Environmental audit guidelines for Uganda;- Environmental impact assessment regulations, 1998; and- Environmental impact assessment guidelines.

Economic instruments/ initiativesUganda currently has incentives and/or import duty /sales tax exemptions for “Appropriate – technology” as outlined in the investment code. Other economic incentives/disincentives are currently being discussed.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- Adoption of cleaner production techniques;- A national cleaner production centre has been established with assistance

from UNIDO (2000-2001);- Voluntary adoption of environment Management systems (ISO 14000);

and- Adoption of environmentally sustainable industrial development

thinking/approach.

Others- Under taking of environmental audits and in particular, waste audits;- NEMA is involved in compliance assistance programmes with industry;- Awareness training and increased information disseminations; and

Harmonisation of other sectoral policies and laws. Transboundary Movement

The measures taken for reduction of the amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes subject to the transboundary movement are same as the measures taken for reduction and/or elimination of hazardous waste

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Reduction Measures

generation.


Disposal facilitiesKampala city council, Landfill Site Kiteezi, Mpigi district, landfill for non hazardous Municipality Waste (D1 operations). (This is the only landfill site for Kampala city and is poorly managed. An improvement and expansion has started in order to improve operations herein. An environmental impact assessment has been done and the EIA Report submitted to the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) for review).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesWaste oil is currently collected by the supplying oil companies, filtered and reused as furnace/boiler fuel. This is the only reuse activity being undertaken with respect to hazardous wastes.


None.



- NEMA, P.O. Box 22255, Kampala;- Uganda Cleaner Production Centre, P. O. Box 7184 Kampala;- Uganda Revenue Authority, P.O. Box 7012, Kampala;- Uganda Police;- Makerere University Kampala, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala; and- National Drug Authority, P.O. Box 9051, Kampala.

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UKRAINE



Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources of Ukraine5, Khreshchatyk St., KyEv, Ukraine, 01601tel: (38-44) 228-0543/3414fax: (38-44) 229-2396e-mail: [email protected]

Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Environmental Problems6, Bakulin Street, 61166 Kharkivtel: (38-572) 45-3097fax: (38-572) [email protected]@niiep.kharkov.ua

National Definition

“Wastes” means substances, materials or objects which are disposed of, are intended to be disposed of by their generator or owner, or are required to be disposed of by way of utilization or disposal. (Remarks: “Disposal” means any operation, mentioned in division A of the Annex 1 to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution №1120 of 13.07.2000. “Utilization” means any operation, mentioned in division Б of the Annex 1 of the same Resolution.)

“Hazardous wastes” means wastes included into division A of the Yellow List of wastes, which is approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, and have one of more hazardous properties mentioned in the List of hazardous properties, which is approved by the Ministry of Environment, and included into the Green List , which is approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, in case when they contain materials, mentioned in the Annex 2 to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution of 13.07.2000 №1120, in such quantities that can reveal hazardous properties described in the List of hazardous wastes mentioned above.

To the National List of wastes which are considered as hazardous wastes pursuant to Art.1 (1)b, in addition to the Basel Convention List A, three items are included:

- 60 Petrol sludge containing lead;- 79 Residues from operation on the industrial wastes disposal;- 80 Wastes from production, receiving and use of photo-chemicals or materials for treatment of photochemicals.

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To the division “Wastes requiring special consideration” (Annex II to the Basel Convention) are included in addition to the division Б two more items:- 83 Sewerage sludge AC270;- 84 Pneumatic tires waste B3140 GK020 TC401220.

Wastes included the Green List in case when they include materials mentioned in Annex 2 to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution of 13.07.2000 №1120 in such quantity, that can manifest the hazardous properties mentioned in the List of hazardous properties (approved by the Ministry of Environment), as well as in case when the transboundary transport of such wastes is regulated by other concerned states.








imported30 100 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Until now the forms of statistics accounting on wastes nomenclature in Ukraine are not in

accordance with the Basel Convention List. The figures attribute to the hazardous wastes of I-III classes of hazardness in accordance with the Ukrainian classification (the upper line) and of IV class of hazardness (the lower line).

2) Figure refers to the total amount of hazardous wastes imported under Art. 1 (1)a.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Ukraine.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryUkraine has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. Export of hazardous wastes is carried out in accordance with the Basel Convention provisions.

Restrictions on import for final disposalUkraine restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final

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disposal. The relevant legislation is the Law of Ukraine “On wastes” of 5 March 1998 №187/98-BP (Article 36) which states that the import of wastes in Ukraine with the aim of their storage or disposal is forbidden. The restriction covers all wastes.

Restrictions on import for recoveryUkraine has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitUkraine has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. No additional restrictions in comparison with the Basel Convention procedure.


National strategies/policiesVerkhovna Rada (Parliament) of Ukraine 05.04.1998 adopted the national strategy of wastes generation minimization. This strategy was included into the legislative document “The main directions of the state policy in the field of environment protection, natural resources use and ecological safety ensuring”.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesVerkhovna Rada of Ukraine 14.09.2000 passed the law “On the National program of toxic waste management”; and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine accepted the National Program of Ukraine “Use of production and consumption wastes up to 2005” (1997, amended 1999).

Economic instruments/ initiativesThe Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine adopted the Resolution on the levies for waste disposal on the landfills (1999); and the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources issued an Order No 181 of 15.05.2001 “On the adoption of the provisional method for the determination of expected losses from the environment pollution during the transportation of hazardous substances and wastes”.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsPreparatory activity for inventory and certification concerning waste generation is continuing by industries. The results of it will be used for the development of wastes minimization plans.

OthersOn the basis of the above mentioned inventory, the Oblast (Regional) Administrations will identify the total quantity of waste generated in the region and develop the regional plan on the waste minimization measures. This plan must be adopted by the Regional Council.


National strategies/policiesTransboundary movement is restricted by the National policy demands to

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Reduction Measures

take all possible measures for the reduction of the amount of hazardous wastes and other wastes subject to the transboundary movement.


There are a number of such facilities in Ukraine, but currently the Focal Point has no information.


Bilateral intergovernmental agreement between Ukraine and Russian Federation on cooperation in the field of treatment of the mercury containing wastes, effective from 28.05.1997, concerning mercury waste treatment on the mercury industrial complex in the city Gorlovka.



- National center on hazardous waste handling, 39, Degtyariovska St., Kyiv 113, 03113;

- Ukrainian scientific research institute of environmental problems, 6, Bakulin St., Kharkiv 166, 61166;

- Industrial waste management center, 6, Bakulin St., Kharkiv 166,61166;- Inter-departmental environmental center, 60, Lenin Avenue, Kharkiv-1,

61001; and- Scientific technical center “Ecosafety and resources saving”, 39,

Degtyariovska St., Kyiv 113, 03113.

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UNITED KINGDOM



There are 29 Competent Authorities for the United Kingdom. A complete list could be obtained from the Focal Point.

Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairsc/o Waste Policy Division, DEFRAFloor 7/G15, Ashdown House123 Victoria Street, London, SW1E 6DEtel: (44-20) 7944-6424fax: (44-20) 7944-6409e-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.defra.gov.uk

National Definition

‘Waste’, including wastes subject to transboundary movements, is defined in Article 1(a) of the EC Framework Directive on Waste (Council Directive 75/442/EEC as amended by 91/156/EEC and Council Decision 96/350/EEC). Article 1(a) provides that ‘waste’ shall mean any substance or object in the categories set out in Annex I [to the Directive] which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard.

Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community (‘the WSR’) provides the means for supervising and controlling shipments of waste within, into and out of the EC. The WSR is the means by which the UK and other EU Member States implement the Basel Convention and OECD Decision C(92)39/FINAL.

While the WSR does not include a definition of "hazardous waste", wastes listed in Annex III or Annex IV of the WSR destined for movements for recovery within the OECD are controlled as hazardous and highly hazardous respectively. Wastes destined for recovery operations that are not listed in Annexes II, III or IV of the WSR are subject to hazardous waste controls. All shipments of hazardous and non-hazardous waste for disposal are subject to hazardous waste control procedures. Shipments outside the OECD are controlled subject to the rules in relation to Annex V of the WSR.

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http://www.detr.gov.uk/

Wastes listed in Annexes III and IV of the WSR that are destined for recovery operations are controlled as hazardous and highly hazardous wastes respectively, for the purpose of transboundary movements. A number of the wastes listed in these Annexes are not included within the scope of Article 1(1)a of the Basel Convention.

Wastes destined for recovery operations that are not listed in Annexes II, III or IV of the WSR are subject to hazardous waste controls.

Wastes listed on Annex II ‘green list of wastes’ of the WSR may be subject to hazardous waste controls if they are contaminated by other materials to an extent which increases the risks associated with the waste sufficiently to render it appropriate for inclusion in the amber or red lists, or prevents the recovery of the waste in an environmentally sound manner.

Shipments of non-hazardous wastes (green list) for recovery to non-OECD countries may also be subject to hazardous waste control procedures according to the wishes of the importing country. Commission Regulation 1547/1999 (as amended) and Council Regulation 1420/1999 (as amended) set out the applicable control procedures for such shipments (the ‘green list Regulations’).






exported45 272 2)


imported254 227 2)

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) These figures are for England, Wales and Scotland. Amount refers to the total amount of special

waste arisings in the United Kingdom.The estimate of hazardous waste arisings in the UK is taken from data collected under the Special Waste Regulations 1996 (as amended) and the Special Waste Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1998. Under these Regulations all domestic movements of 'special waste' are tracked by consignment notes. The definition of hazardous waste for domestic movement used within these Regulations is derived from EC Directive 91/689/EC on hazardous waste and Decision 94/904 EC, which sets out an EC hazardous waste list Article 1(4) of the 1991 Directive allows EC Member States to go beyond EC hazardous waste lists. The UK has taken up this option through setting out criteria by which waste, not on the hazardous waste list but possessing one or more of a limited number of hazardous waste properties, is also recorded as hazardous. The

410

figures are only estimates as hazardous waste arisings may be double-counted if they are subject to more than one movement. There will also be hazardous waste arisings on-site which do not need to be tracked and are thus not included in the data.

2) Clarification is pending from United Kingdom concerning the figure.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionCouncil Regulation (EC) No 120/97 amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 259/93 on the supervision and control of shipments of waste within, into and out of the European Community (“the WSR") implements the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) in the European Community.

Restrictions on export for final disposalArticle 14 of the WSR prohibits the export of wastes for disposal, except to other EU and EFTA countries. However, the UK prohibits the export of all wastes for disposal (as set out in the UK Management Plan for Exports and Imports of Waste, which came into effect in June 1996). The restriction covers all countries and all wastes.

Restriction on export for recoveryCouncil Regulation 120/97 prohibits the shipment of certain wastes for recovery from EU Member States to countries not covered by OECD Decision C(92)/39. Annex V of the WSR, which specifies the hazardous wastes subject to the prohibition, was amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 2557/2001 The restriction covers exports from members of the European Union.

Restrictions on import for final disposalThe UK Management Plan for Export and Imports for Waste (June 1996) sets out, among other things, the UK's policy on the import of waste for final disposal.

The general presumption is that wastes should not be imported for disposal in the UK and imports of all wastes for disposal are prohibited, except in limited circumstances.

Imports of waste for some disposal operations are banned without exception. These are: release into water bodies (oceans, sea beds, rivers etc); incineration at sea; permanent storage; and temporary storage.For some other disposal operations (landfill, biological, chemical or physio-chemical treatment, and incineration) exceptions are allowed where:- the exporting country does not have and cannot be expected to acquire

suitable facilities, and where imports of wastes which cannot realistically be dealt with in an environmentally sound manner in, or in closer proximity to, the country of origin;

- imports for high temperature incineration, from Ireland and Portugal; and- imports of hazardous wastes for high temperature incineration from any

country, in cases of emergency.

Additional prohibitions apply by virtue of Regulations made under UK health and safety legislation:

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- imports of amphibole asbestos into the UK are prohibited by regulation 3 of the Asbestos (Prohibitions) Regulations 1992.

- imports into the UK, other than from another Member State of the European Economic Area, of the following substances and articles are prohibited under regulation 4(2) of The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1994 namely:- 2-naphthylamine, benzidine, 4-aminodiphenyl, 4-nitrophenyl

their salts and any substance containing any of these compounds in a total concentration exceeding 0.1 percent by mass; and

- matches made with white phosphorus.

The restriction covers imports into the United Kingdom.

Restrictions on import for recoveryUnited Kingdom has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for recovery.

Restrictions on transitUnited Kingdom has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policies- Waste Strategy 2000 for England and Wales was published in May 2000;

Scotland’s National Waste Strategy was published on 9 December 1999; Northern Ireland’s Strategy on 22 March 2000; and a consultation paper for a new waste strategy for Wales, to replace Waste Strategy 2000, was published on 4 July 2001, with a view to the final strategy being issued in the Spring of 2002;

- Each strategy sets up a long term framework with challenging targets underpinned by realistic programmes to deliver more sustainable waste management; raising the awareness and participation of all stakeholders, including the public. The emphasis is on prioritising waste minimisation, achieving substantial increases in the recovery of value through recycling, composting, anaerobic digestion, and various Energy-from-Waste technologies.

- England/Wales: WS2000 set targets for the reduction of certain wastes going to landfill, and for the recovery of value (particularly through recycling and composting). These include targets to: reduce the landfill of industrial and commercial waste to 85% of 1998 levels; recycle/compost at least 25% of household waste by 2005; 30% by 2010 and 33% by 2015; and, recover value from 40% of municipal waste by 2005; 45% by 2010 and 67% by 2015. In March 2001 statutory performance standards were set for local authorities in England. These require them to, on average, recycle/compost double 1998/9 levels by 2003/4 and almost treble those levels by 2005/6.

- Wales: The Welsh Assembly Government is currently finalising a new 412

waste strategy to replace WS 2000 in Wales. Responses to the consultation paper Managing Waste Sustainably, published on 4 July 2001, indicated widespread support for the Assembly Government’s preferred options. These include an emphasis on waste minimisation and reuse of materials, and targets for e.g. combined recycling and composting of municipal waste of 15% in 2003-04, 25% in 2006-07, and 40% in 2009-10. Managing Waste Sustainably also contained proposals for minimising and reducing the amounts of commercial and industrial waste sent to landfill and for reducing hazardous waste. The Assembly Government has so far allocated £79 million in additional resources to improve waste management in Wales for the period 2001/02 to 2004/05.

- Scotland: The National Waste Strategy: Scotland sets voluntary targets for the reduction of municipal waste and industrial waste arisings and encourages increased recycling, composting with energy from waste where this has a place as the Best Practicable Environmental Option. Targets for recycling etc will be established once the 11 Area Waste Plans have been established.

- Northern Ireland: The Waste Management Strategy for Northern Ireland sets provisional targets for the reduction of waste to landfill and for increases in recycling and composting. These include targets to: recover 25% of household waste by 2005; recover 40% of household waste by 2010, of which 25% shall be by recycling or composting; reduce the landfilling of industrial and commercial wastes to 85% of 1998 levels by 2005; and, reduce the quantities of biodegradable municipal wastes being landfilled to 75% of 1995 baseline levels by 2010, 50% by 2013 and 35% by 2020. It is intended for these targets to become mandatory at the first Startegy Review point in 2003.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- The Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations

1997 (amended)(England and Wales) place obligations on certain businesses who place packaging on the market and, in particular, they set targets for recovery and recycling of packaging waste. These regulations came into force on 6 March 1997 and implement part of the EC Directive on Packaging Waste (94/62/EC) which requires a minimum of 50% recovery and 25% recycling of packaging waste and that a minimum of 15% of each material is recycled;

- The Packaging (Essential Requirements) Regulations 1998 took full effect in January 1999.They implement the Directive provisions specifying essential requirements for packaging placed on the market, which cover minimisation, avoidance of noxious and hazardous substances and the need for packaging to be recoverable (through at least one of: material recycling, incineration with energy recovery, composting or biodegradation);

- The UK’s Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) regulatory regime, applicable to the most potentially polluting industrial processes, requires the use of BATNEEC (best available techniques not entailing excessive cost) to prevent the release of polluting substances or, where this is not possible, to minimise emissions and render them harmless. On 1 August

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2000, the Pollution, Prevention and Control (PPC) Regulations entered into force to implement the EU Integrated Pollution, Prevention and Control Directive for new processes. IPC covers about 2000 processes whereas PPC will cover 7000-8000. Existing processes will be phased into the new regulatory regime on a sectoral basis up to 2007. The PPC regime which requires the use of BAT (best available techniques), will extend the present IPC regime to include a wider range of installations. Those regulated under PPC will be required to abide by the general principle that waste production should be avoided; where waste is produced it should be recovered unless technically and economically impossible; and

- Council Directive 99/31/EC on the Landfill of Waste will be implemented in early 2002. The Directive bans from landfill certain hazardous wastes, along with liquid waste, tyres, and infectious clinical wastes. It also requires the pre-treatment of waste before disposal to landfill. The Directive bans the co-disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste and will place strict controls on landfill sites, particularly those for hazardous waste. One likely effect of this will be to increase the cost of disposal of hazardous waste in the future, providing an incentive to reduce the amount of hazardous waste generated.

Economic instruments/ initiativesThe Landfill Tax was introduced in October 1996 as the first UK tax with an explicit environmental objective. It was designed to promote the ‘polluter-pays’ principle by increasing the price of landfill to better reflect its environmental cost, and to promote a more sustainable approach to waste management. The 1998 Budget introduced changes to the Landfill Tax including an increase from £7 to £10 per tonne for active waste from 1 April 1999. The 1999 Budget introduced an automatic escalator which will increase the rate of tax for active waste by £1 per year, until the rate reaches £15 per tonne in 2004/5. The rate of tax for inactive waste remains frozen at £2 per tonne. The tax will be reviewed in due course.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsEnvirowise: Envirowise is a government-funded programme that aims to promote cost-effective waste minimisation strategies and cleaner technology. It offers free, independent advice on practical ways to minimise waste and convert turnover into profit. Envirowise offers a range of free waste minimisation consultation and reference products to businesses in the UK including the environment and energy helpline, publications (case studies, best practice guides and datasheets written by experts provide up-to-date information on waste minimisation issues, methods and successes) and waste minimisation clubs. www.envirowise.gov.uk.

Voluntary Producer Responsibility initiatives include:- Nickel-cadmium batteries (the industry-led REBAT scheme);- Electrical and electronic equipment – There have been a number of trial

schemes carried out or supported by organisations such as the Industry Council for Electronic Equipment Recycling (ICER), the Electronic Manufacturers Equipment Recycling Group (EMERG) and the European Trade Organisation for the Telecommunications and Professional

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http://www.envirowise.gov.uk/

Electronics Industry (ECTEL); and- End of life vehicles – The Automotive Consortium on Recycling and

Disposal (ACORD) signed a voluntary agreement in 1997 which sets out recovery targets.

ISO 14001: By the end of 2000 there were approximately 1700 organisations certified for the ISO 14001 scheme in the UK.

EMAS: By the end of 2000 it was estimated that 135 sites were registered for the EMAS scheme in the UK.

OthersWaste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP): WRAP is a government funded programme which aims to remove barriers to waste minimisation, re-use and recycling, and to create stable and efficient markets for recycled materials and products. WRAP works with consumers, waste generators and re-processors, manufacturers, businesses and government. It has seven programmes of work, focusing on generic recycling issues (financial mechanisms, procurement and standards and specification) and specific material streams (paper, glass, wood and plastic). More information on WRAP is available at http://www.wrap.org.uk.


National strategies/policiesThe UK Management Plan for Exports and Imports of Waste 1996 prohibits the export of all waste for disposal, and most imports, in keeping with the principles of self-sufficiency and proximity whereby waste should be disposed of in, or as close as possible to, the country of origin.


There are too many facilities in the UK that are authorised to dispose/recover/recycle/re-use wastes to list here. For information about specific facilities please contact the organisations below.

- The Environmental Services Association (ESA), 154 Buckingham Palace Road, London SW1W 9TR, tel: (44-20) 7824-8882, fax: (44-20) 7824-8753, e-mail: [email protected], web site: www.esauk.org; and

- Institute of Waste Management, 9 Saxon Court, St Peters Gardens, Northampton NN1 1SX, tel: (44-1604) 620-426, fax: (44-1604) 621-339, e-mail: [email protected], web site: www.iwm.co.uk.


- Bilateral agreement with Isle of Man, effective from 17/07/1996 until 31/12/2000. This agreement concerns imports of various hazardous wastes destined for high temperature incineration and specialised landfill;

- Bilateral agreement with Jersey, effective from 29/04/1997 until 31/12/2001. This agreement concerns imports of various hazardous wastes destined for high temperature incineration and specialised landfill;

- Bilateral agreement with Guernsey, effective from 27/08/1998 until 31/08/2001. This agreement concerns imports of various hazardous wastes destined for high temperature incineration and specialised landfill;

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http://www.iwm.co.uk/


http://www.esauk.org/


http://www.wrap.org.uk/

and- Bilateral agreement with Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia,

effective from 13/01/2000 until 31/12/2002. This agreement concerns imports of various hazardous wastes destined for high temperature incineration and specialised landfill.


Some of the contact points are:

- Waste Management, Industry and Training Advisory Board (WAMITAB), Peterbridge House, 3 The Lakes, Northampton NN4 7HE;

- Environmental Services Association (ESA), 154 Buckingham Palace Road, London SW1W 9TR;

- Institute of Wastes Management (IWM), 9 Saxon Court, St. Peters Gardens, Northampton NN1 1SX;

- Environment Agency, TFS National Service, Mirwell, Carrington Lane, Sale, Manchester, M33 5NL; and

- Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), Clearwater House, Heriott Watt Research Park, Avenue North Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP.

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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

Status of Ratification/Accession/Acceptance/Approval: 07.04.1993 (a)Ratification/Acceptance of the Amendment to the Basel Convention: 26.08.2002


Permanent SecretaryVice President’s OfficeP.O. Box 5380, Dar–Es-Salaamtel: (255-22) 211-6995fax: (255-22) 211-3856e-mail: [email protected]

Director of EnvironmentDivision of EnvironmentP.O. Box 5380, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzaniatel: (255-22) 211-8416fax (255-22) 212-5297e-mail: [email protected]

National Definition

In the absence of a national definition of waste and hazardous wastes, Tanzania uses the Basel Convention’s definition on Hazardous Wastes for transboundary movement of Hazardous Wastes.

Tanzania does not regulate/ control any additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. (1)b.

In Tanzania there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.






exportedNo data


importedNo import


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Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe Parliament has ratified the amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) on 22nd April 2002.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryTanzania has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryTanzania restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. To initiate the work on the preparation of the national legislation, some background activities such as institutions framework study etc. are being undertaken. No import is allowed according to the Bamako Convention, to which Tanzania is a Party.

Restrictions on transitTanzania has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policies- Adoption of Sustainable Industrial Development Policy (1997); and- Advocating the cleaner production technique.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsSome industries have adopted the cleaner production technology.


National strategies/policies- National Environmental Policy (1997); and- Sustainable Industrial Development Policy (1997).

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesIn preparation. However, there are sectoral legislations which need to be updated.


Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsSome industries apply cleaner production techniques to reduce waste generation.

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Ministry of Health is responsible for disposal of hospital waste by incineration. There are no sanitary landfills. Uncontrolled dump sites are used. Efforts to upgrade them are considered through “Sustainable City Programme”. The programme covers 9 Municipal cities of Tanzania. Construction of Municipal sanitary landfills is in the pipeline.

There are no recovery facilities in the country.


None.



- Chemical and process, Engineering Department, University of Dar-Es-Salaam, P.O. Box 35131 Dar-Es-Salaam;

- Department of Environmental, Engineering, University, College of lands and Architectural studies, P.O. Box 35175 Dar-Es-Salaam; and

- Cleaner Production Centre of Tanzania, Dar-Es-Salaam.

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URUGUAY



Ministry of Housing, Land Planning and EnvironmentRincón 422, primer piso, Montevideotel: (598-2) 916-8287fax: (598-2) 916-8288e-mail: [email protected] site: www.dinama.gub.uy/


National Definition

There is no national definition of waste used for the purpose of transboundary movements of waste in Uruguay.

Act No. 17.220, 30/10/99. Art.3 states that "Hazardous wastes means those wastes of any origin whatsoever that, because of their physical, chemical, biological or radioactive characteristics, pose a risk to human, animal or plant health or to the environment. ”

"Without prejudice to other categories that may be envisaged in national legislation, the wastes listed in the foregoing paragraph shall include, besides radioactive wastes, those included in the categories enumerated in annex I to the Basel Convention.

The categories of wastes covered in annex II to the Basel Convention are also included as hazardous wastes."

Uruguay regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Art. 1 (1)b. These wastes are: radioactive wastes.

Act No. 17.220, 30/10/99. Art.4 states that "The Executive, mindful of the need to protect the environment and human, animal or plant health, may, by means of an authoritative resolution prevent the introduction into the country of wastes that although not characterized as hazardous because of their quantity, volume or composition, could pose a threat to the condition of the quality of life in the country."

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http://www.dinama.gub.uy/







exportedNo data


importedNo import



Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Uruguay. Enacted into national legislation by Act No. 16867, 9/9/97.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryUruguay has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The procedures laid down in the Basel Convention are followed.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryUruguay restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Act No. 17.220, 30/10/99. Art.1 which states that "The import of all kinds of hazardous wastes in any form or under any conditions into the areas under national jurisdiction is prohibited." The restriction covers all countries/regions and all wastes.

Restrictions on transitUruguay has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The procedures laid down in the Basel Convention are followed.


National strategies/policiesThe Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment has implemented the following programmes as part of its policies:

- National monitoring of emissions;- Management of hospital wastes; - Completed National Inventory of the Generation and Management of

Industrial Wastes; and

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- A National Inventory of Dioxins and Furans is being prepared.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Decree 135/99, 18/5/99, Regulations concerning solid hospital wastes;

and- Act No. 17283, 28/88/00, General Environmental Protection Act.

Economic instruments/ initiativesImposition of fines for failure to comply.

Measures taken by industries/waste generators- 8 enterprises have obtained ISO 14000 certification;- 7 enterprises form part of CEMPRE - Uruguay, an active business

association whose aim is to promote recycling;- 25 chemical industries belong to the Responsable [sic] Care programme;- Voluntary agreement among bottling enterprises for the collection and

recycling of PET containers;- Voluntary collection of waste oil by the Shell company; and- Various private initiatives involving the introduction of clean

technologies.


National strategies/policiesMonitoring of the introduction into the country of wastes originating from free trade zones, in order to deter the arrival of wastes from that source.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesAct No. 17.220, 30/10/99. Art.1 states that "The import of all kinds of hazardous wastes in any form or under any conditions into the areas under national jurisdiction is prohibited." Procedure for the entry of wastes originating from free trade zones.


Disposal facilitiesThere are dumps for urban solid wastes where industrial wastes are also discharged. Recently two plants for hospital wastes entered into operation, one with an incineration unit and the other with an autoclave.

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilitiesWaste lubricating oils and some rice hulls are incinerated in cement kilns.


None.

Technical Assistance and

The available sources are:Centro Coordinador del Convenio de Basilea de Capacitación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Montevideo 11000, Uruguay, Tel.: + 598 2 916

422

Training Available

8287/916 9127; Fax: + 598 2 916 82 88; and Dinama; Latu; Faculty of Engineering; and National Fire Brigade Directorate.

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UZBEKISTAN



Director of Tashkent Research Institute (VODGEO)

State Committee for Nature Protection7, Kadiry St., Tashkent, 700128tel: (998-712) 41-0442fax: (998-712) 41-5633e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

Waste is the rest of raw materials, articles, which were generated during the production of goods, energy, implementation of works (services) and lost initial consumer characteristics completely or partly (waste of production) and articles and materials, which lost their consumer characteristics as a result of their physical depreciation and obsolescence (waste of consumption). (Document 118.0027714.60-97: Nature protection).

Hazardous waste is waste containing substances, which have one of the hazardous characteristics (toxic, contagious, explosive, flammable, high-reactive) and are present in such quantity and kind that are direct or potential danger to the environment, life and health of people themselves as well as during the getting in touch with other substances or environment. (Document 118.0027714.60-97: Nature protection).


In Uzbekistan there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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exported930


imported152

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to total amount of hazardous wastes generated under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-

Y45). 2) Amount generated: 5 224 200 m3.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has not been implemented in Uzbekistan.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryUzbekistan has no restrictions on the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryUzbekistan has no restrictions on the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery.

Restrictions on transitUzbekistan has no restrictions on the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes.


National strategies/policiesNational policy of hazardous industrial and municipal waste management is described in “Environmental Implementation Program in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 1999-2005” adopted by the Resolution 469 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan (20 October 1999).

Legislation, regulations and guidelines“Plan of realization of activities for the National Center establishment for the working-out of programs of sustainable and environmentally sound productions” was worked-out and adopted by the Resolution 273-f of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan (15 June 1999).

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Economic instruments/ initiativesPayment for the releasing of the contaminating substances into environment and disposal of waste in the Republic of Uzbekistan was introduced from 1 January 2000. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 554 (31 December 1999) “About the forecast of main macroeconomic indices and National Budget of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the year 2000”.




Legislation, regulations and guidelinesResolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No 151 (19 April 2000) “About control of import and export of hazardous products and wastes to the Republic of Uzbekistan and from its territory”.




Disposal facilities- Dumping of solid municipal wastes in the special rubbish-heaps of the

cities and settlements. Directed at isolation of wastes and preventing contaminating substances getting into the environment and further using of these wastes (D1);

- Dumping of hazardous industrial wastes in the bowels of the earth. Directed at isolation of wastes and preventing contaminating substances getting into the environment and further using of these wastes (D1); and

- Dumping in the specially equipped repositories with the isolated surface. Closed or semi-closed pools for keeping liquid industrial wastes (D5).

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Rendering of hazardous industrial wastes at the works where they were

produced. Treatment of wastes which leads to the reduction or liquidation of their hazardous effects (R3, R5); and

- Transmission of hazardous industrial wastes to other enterprises for utilization and treatment. Using of these wastes as secondary raw material, fuel, fertilizer and others (R4).

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The members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) have signed an agreement to regulate transboundary shipments of dangerous wastes and their disposal. Under this agreement, the parties will take measures to regulate the import of wastes into their territory and the transit of hazardous and other wastes through their territory.



- State Committee for Nature Protection, 7, Kadiry St., Tashkent, 700128;

- Tashkent Research Institute “VODGEO”, 7, Drujba Narodov Ave., block “E”, Tashkent, 700043;

- Agency “Uzcommunalhizmat”, 1, Nijazbek juli, Tashkent, 700035; and

- Ministry of Emergency, 6, Mustakillik, Tashkent, 700078.

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VIET NAM



National Environment AgencyMinistry of Science, Technology and

Environment (MOSTE)67 Nguyen Du Str., Hanoitel: (84-4) 822-4420fax: (84-4) 822-3189e-mail: [email protected]


National Definition

Wastes are substances which are disposed of from households, from production process or from other activities. Wastes can be in form of solid, liquid, gas or in other forms.

Law on Environment Protection defines that hazardous wastes are wastes which contains substances or compounds/mixtures having one of directly hazardous characteristics (flammable, explosive, poisonous, corrosive, infectious or other toxic characteristics) or which, by interaction with other substances, harm the environment and human health.


In Viet Nam there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionViet Nam has not formally ratified the Amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) but the Law of Environment Protection of Vietnam in fact prohibits any importation or exportation of hazardous wastes regardless of their sources or destinations.Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryVietnam restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final

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disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Law on Environment Protection, which entered into force on 10 January 1994. The restriction covers all countries and all wastes under the definition. The prohibition of the exportation of wastes may be subject to change or revision in future.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryVietnam restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislation is the Law on Environment Protection, which entered into force on 10 January 1994. The restriction covers all countries and all wastes under the definition. However, the State allows importation of certain categories of scraps after being treated and cleaned outside the country for use as material for industrial production. The List of scraps to be imported is updated regularly.

Restrictions on transitVietnam restricts the transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislation is Law on Environment Protection, Art. 47 Organizations, individuals and owners of transportation means, in transit through the Vietnamese territory, carrying potential sources of environmental incidents or environmental pollution must apply for permission, declare and submit to the control and supervision by the State Management Agency for Environmental Protection of Vietnam. Decision No. 155/1999/QD-TTg dated July 16, 1999 of the Prime Minister on issuing the regulation on Hazardous Wastes Management, Art. 47 states that transporting hazardous wastes across borders must comply with the regulations of the Basel Convention, as follows:

- Hazardous waste transited through Vietnamese territory including internal waters and territorial waters must obtain written approval from the central agency in charge of State Management of Environment Protection, and to be controlled, supervised by the relevant offices in accordance with Vietnamese Law on Transit of goods.


National strategies/policies- Prohibition of any act causing environmental degradation, environmental

pollution or environmental incidents; and- Wastes containing toxic substances must be properly treated before

discharge.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- Law on Environment Protection of December 27, 1993;- Decree No 175-CP dated November 18, 1994 of the Government on the

implementation of Law on Environment Protection; - Decision No. 155/1999/QD-TTg dated July 16, 1999 of the Prime

Minister on issuing the Regulation on Hazardous Wastes Management; and

- Decision No. 10/2001/QD-BKHCNMT dated 11 May 2001 of the 429

Minister of Science, Technology and Environment on issuing of List of treated scraps for utilisation as material allowed to be imported into Vietnam.

Economic instruments/ initiativesIndividuals and/or organizations have the obligation to pay compensation fees (damages) according to relevant legislation if their activities or operations are causing harm to the environment.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsIn carrying out production, business and other activities, all organizations and individuals must implement measures for environmental sanitation and have appropriate waste treatment equipment to ensure compliance with environment standards and to prevent and combat environmental degradation, environmental pollution and environmental incidents.


National strategies/policiesDecision No. 152/1999/QD-TTg of the Prime Minister dated 10 July 1999 on approval of solid wastes managing strategy in urban areas and industrial zone of Vietnam towards the year 2020.

Legislation, regulations and guidelinesNEA issued 6 technical guidelines on hazardous wastes disposal (pesticides wastes).

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsMOSTE reported to the Government to allow development of the centralized facility for hazardous waste treatment in Dongnai Province for Southern part of the country.


None.


None.


The available sources are: National Environment Agency; Ministry of Industry; Ministry of Agricultural Rural Development; and Ministry of Construction.

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ZAMBIA



Environmental Council of ZambiaBox 35131, Lusaka,tel: (260-1) 25-4130/1fax: (260-1) 25-4164e-mail: [email protected] web site: www.necz.org.zm


National Definition

According to the Hazardous Waste Management Regulations, 2001 “waste” means garbage, refuse, sludges and other discarded substances resulting from industrial and commercial operations and from domestic and community activities, intended to be disposed of, or are disposed of or are required to be disposed of, but does not include waste water as defined in Part IV of the Act. The Hazardous Waste Management Regulations were signed on the 23 November 2001 and are now in force.

According to the Hazardous Waste Management Regulation “hazardous waste” means waste, including objects, articles or substances, which is poisonous, corrosive, irritant, explosive, inflammable, toxic or harmful to man, animal, plant or environment.

Zambia regulates/controls additional wastes as hazardous that are not included in Article 1 (1)a of the Basel Convention and would be controlled for the purpose of transboundary movements pursuant to Article 1 (1)b. Schedule 4 (Regulation 3), Schedule 5 (Regulation 3), Schedule 6 of the Hazardous Waste Management Regulations, 2001 provides a list of hazardous waste, list of hazardous characteristics (Annex III of the Basel Convention) and categories of wastes to be controlled (Annex I of the Basel Convention) respectively.

In Zambia there are no wastes other than those pursuant to Art. 1 (1)a and/or Art. 1 (1)b of the Basel Convention that require special consideration when subjected to transboundary movement.

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Generation Total amount of hazardous wastes generated No dataTotal amount of other wastes generated 1 000 000 1)



exported1.235 2)


importedNo import

* Figures are rounded to the nearest integer.** Covers wastes under Art. 1 (1)a (Annex I: Y1-Y45) and Art. 1 (1)b.*** Covers wastes under (Annex II: Y46-Y47).1) Figure refers to the total amount of household wastes (Y46).2) Consists of 1 mt of lead exported to South Africa for recovery and 0.235 mt of PCBs exported to Finland for

disposal.


Amendment to the Basel ConventionThe amendment to the Basel Convention (Decision III/1) has been implemented in Zambia. The Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Act (EPPCA) No. 12 of 1990, amended 1999 prohibits the import of any type of hazardous waste.

Restrictions on export for final disposal and for recoveryZambia restricts the export of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The restriction covers those countries which have not consented to receive the waste and those that are not under Annex VII, unless a bilateral agreement exists.

Restrictions on import for final disposal and for recoveryZambia restricts the import of hazardous wastes and other wastes for final disposal and for recovery. The relevant legislations are Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Act, 1990, amended in 1999; and Hazardous Waste Management Regulations, 2001. The restriction covers all countries and all wastes.

Restrictions on transitZambia restricts transit of hazardous wastes and other wastes. The relevant legislations are Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Act, 1990, amended in 1999; and Hazardous Waste Management Regulations, 2001. The restriction covers all countries. But permission for transit of hazardous waste can be obtained from the authorities.

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National strategies/policies The National Environment Action Plan (NEAP, 1994) whose objective is to integrate environmental concerns into the social and economic development planning process of the country.

PCB Sub Project for management of PCBs in Zambia – draft policy paper prepared.

The final draft of the national waste management strategy has been developed and will be launched in February. The strategy seeks among other things to ensure producer responsibility among industries, introduce a system of levies and incentives, establish and improve coordination among stakeholders in waste management, encourage reuse and recycling of waste materials as a resource, develop a database of all types of waste and establish a classification system for all types of waste.

The Environmental Council of Zambia in conjunction with the industry association has been conducting training on cleaner production techniques.

The Environmental Council of Zambia conducts public awareness on proper management of hazardous materials. The Environmental Council of Zambia has also conducted projects that aim at disposal of hazardous material and reduction of generation of hazardous material.

Legislation, regulations and guidelines- The Zambian Government has an environmental Protection and Pollution

Control Act which was enacted in 1990;- Hazardous Waste Management Regulations, 2001 have been developed to

address all aspects of hazardous waste management;- The pesticides and Toxic Substances Regulation came into effect 1994. It

addresses all aspects of chemicals management; and- Technical guidelines for the management of waste oil being developed.

Economic instruments/ initiativesStill to be developed.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsImplementation of cleaner production techniques; and setting up of environmental departments.

OthersPublic awareness programmes.

Transboundary Movement Reduction

National strategies/policiesThe final draft of the national waste management strategy has been developed and will be launched in February.

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Measures Legislation, regulations and guidelinesHazardous Waste Management Regulations, 2001.

Economic instruments/ initiativesProvide for fees to be paid for export of hazardous waste.

Measures taken by industries/waste generatorsImplementation of cleaner production technologies; and change in the processes of production.


Bilateral agreement with South Africa and Zimbabwe (for transit), effective for the year 2000.


Environmental Council of Zambia; University of Zambia; Copperbelt University; Zambia Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ZACCI); and Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit, Office of the Vice President.


Disposal facilities- Indeni Petroleum Oil Refinery, Po Box 71869, Ndola, crude oil refinery

(D4);Bata Tannery, PO Box 170, Kafue, leather tanning (D1);

- Ndola City Council, PO Box 70797, Ndola, municipal dump site, (D1); and

- Kitwe City Council, Po Box 20070, Kitwe, municipal dump site, (D1).

These disposal sites have commenced operation without environmental impact assessment being conducted

Recovery/recycling/re-use facilities- Kafco Ltd. Ndola, reprocessing of used oils into fuels (R1, R9).

Still over 10,000 tonnes are not collected. Need for increased capacity of recycling via a sound collection / take back system.

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