Ageing Brain, environmental factors and metabolism

Based on the Nature review: Recruiting adaptive cellular stress responses for successful brain ageingBy Alexis M. Stranahan & Mark P. Mattson

Brain structures highly affected by oxidative stress

Neurodegenerative disorders have a logarithmic increase in prevalence with

respect to aging

The Selective neural vulnerability phenomena is based on

morphological

-high energy requirements -reliance on axonal support for sustained function - large cell area.- High numbers of AMPA and NMDA receptors.- Low levels of Calcium binding proteins- Dysfunction and death of neurons adversley affects both the

pre- and post- synaptic neurons.

Ion dysregulation via stimulation of glutamate receptors

“programed” cell death

Role of Mitochondria in synaptic plasticity

AD oxidative damage

Obesity and cognitive cognition

Physical exercise and SNRI synergistic effect

Beneficial molecular changes due to hormesis

Phytochemicals vs. refined sugars

Factors mediating Neurodegenerative disease upon aging

Promoting adaptive mechanism against neurodegenerative disorders

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