Barilla Experience Sustainable Diets & Sustainable Durum ... · PDF fileBarilla Experience...

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Barilla Experience Sustainable Diets & Sustainable Durum Wheat FarmingLuca Ruini – HSE&E Director Parma 6/6/2012

2Agenda - For an Healthy & Green Economy

Sustainable Diets&

BCFN Double Pyramid

Sustainable Grains

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THE CURRENT PARADOXES ON FOOD AND NUTRITION

Source: BCFN elaboration based on OECD/FAO 2011; WHO 2010; GLOBAL FOOTPRINT NETWORK 2012

Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition

Double Pyramid

Publications

Stakeholders Engagement

Institutions, Experts, Society

Flagship

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Sustainable durum wheat in Italy - Farming Barilla 2010/13

Starting from the Nutrition PyramidThe starting point is the Nutrition Pyramid, which is divided into six sections that scale downwards to contain each nutritional food group.

Source: Ministry for Health of Italy Source: Oldways (www.oldwayspt.org)

The BCFN Double Pyramid

Life Cycle Thinking Approch Footprint Measures Measures

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Water Footprint measures water consumption in terms ofVolume employed (evaporated) and/or polluted per unit of timethroughout overall life-cycle.

(www.waterfootprint.org)Ecological Footprint is a measure of the number of land or maritimeplots necessary to regenerate the resources consumedand absorb the waste produced by human settle-ments or a single human activity, employing measures of dominant resource and technologymanagement.

Carbon Footprint represents the total amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emitted either directly or indirectly by human activity throughout overalllife-cycle. It is expressed in equivalent tons of CO2

.

PAS 2050:2008

ISO 14064:2006

Life Cycle Assessment & Footprint KPI

Environmental Pyramid: Water Footprint

Environmental Pyramid: Carbon Footprint

Environmental Pyramid: Ecological Footprint

The BCFN Double Pyramid

The Ecological Footprint of a rich-of-

meat menu is about 6.500 Co2 eq

The Ecological Footprint of a more

vegetarian menu is about 2.100 CO2 eq

Fight Climate Change adopting Smart Green Diets

x3 1/3

LCA Chef Tool developed > 900 recipes

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2 - BARILLA – EPD Pasta di Semola

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LCA OF PASTA

The LCA application permits the evaluation of the product “footprint”. The example related to pasta is shown below.

1 – Introduction

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FARMING BARILLA 2010 – THEORICAL STUDYTheorical study on durum wheat cultivation in Italy.Evaluation of environmental impacts and of overall efficiency through the use of

economic, social and environmental sustainability indicators.

FARMING BARILLA 2010-2011 – STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF FARMScope To compare real data from farms with optimal values to obtain sustainable

productions.Results: 1. Rotations reduce environmental impact compared to monoculture.2. A reduction in production costs is possible with a better efficiency in the use of

inputs.

FARMING BARILLA 2011-2012 – SUSTAINABILITY IN THE FARMSScope To demonstrate that an accurate planning of crop rotations and the use of a

decision support system could help in being more sustainable, both environmentally and economically.

1 – Introduction

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THE ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS

2 – Materials and methods

CARBON FOOTPRINT: total amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) generated

by the processes included in the system. It is measured in terms of mass of

CO2 equivalent.

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT: amount of biologically productive land and water

is required to produce all the resources consumed and to absorb the waste

generated by a system. It is measured in global hectares (gha).

WATER FOOTPRINT: water consumption of a system including direct

consumption, evapotranspiration amount, polluted water. It is measured in

volume of water.

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THE ECONOMIC, AGRONOMIC AND FOOD SAFETY INDICATORS

NUtE (Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency): is measured as kg or product (grain yield) per kg of plant nitrogen uptake. It is affected by previous crop, type and rate of fertilizers, crop residues, variety and meteorological conditions. NUtE reflects the ability of the plant to transplant the N uptake into grain.

NET INCOME: an indicator for profitability performance. It is the difference between the gross marketable products and the direct costs of cultivation. Net Income = (Gross marketable production * €/t) – Direct costs.

DON INDEX: expression of the cultivation safety aspects related to the possibility of reducing pathology occurrence due to the deoxynivalenolmycotoxin (DON).

NUE (Nitrogen Use Efficiency): is measured as kg of grain product (grain yield) per kg of nitrogen available. It is affected by content of nitrogen in the soil, type and rate of fertilizers used, previous crop residues, variety and meteorological conditions.

Agronomic NUE (Nitrogen Use Efficiency): is measured as kg of grain product (grain yield) per kg of nitrogen applied. It is affected by the type and rate of fertilizers used and its efficiency during crop cultivation.

Carbon sequestration: is the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2). It is a process of removing carbon from atmosphere through photosynthesis and deposing it in the soil as organic matter. Unit of measurement: t of Carbon (total plant biomass)/ha.


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13 farms involved

Comparison of two different durum wheat crop management was made:1. Farmer’s usual crop management (with only farmer’s choices and strategies);2. Crop management following the Barilla Handbook through the use of the Decision Support System (DSS) granoduro.net TM

FARMING BARILLA PROJECT 2011-2012


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THE TESTED PREVIOUS CROPS 1/2

CEREALS INDUSTRIAL CROPS LEGUMINOUS VEGETABLES

MAIZE SUNFLOWER FABA BEAN TOMATO

SORGHUM RAPESEED CHICKPEA

SOFT WHEAT SUGAR BEET PROTEIC PEA

DURUM WHEAT

3 – Results

The cultivation of durum wheat after several crops was tested. Such previous crops were divided into four groups (cereals, industrial crops, legominous, vegetables). A comparison of the durum wheat cultivated after those crops was made.

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CARBON FOOTPRINT (t CO2/t durum wheat) and PREVIOUS CROP

b

a

b

ab

a,ab,…= Student‐Newman‐Keuls Test (p=0.05)

Durum wheat after:

3 – Results

A favorable previous crop contribute in reducing significantly the GHG emission (- 36%) compared to an unfavorable one.

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PRODUCTION COSTS(€/t durum wheat) and PREVIOUS CROP

b

a

b

ab


A favorable previous crops contribute in reducing significantly production costs (- 31%) compared to an unfavorable one

Durum wheat after:

3 – Results

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YIELD (t durum wheat/ha) and PREVIOUS CROP


A favorable previous crop contribute in obtaining a significantly higher yeld (+20%) compared to an unfavorable one.

Durum wheat after:

3 – Results

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Durum wheat cultivation – Environmental impacts evaluation 29th May 2012

GRANODURO.NET

The decision support system (DSS) granoduro.net was given to the farmers to help them follow the suggestions of the Barilla Handbook for the sustainable cultivation of high quality durum wheat in Italy.

granoduro.net is a web service, developed by an University Spin off Horta S.r.l, that integrates information on weather patterns, soil conditions and varietal characteristics in a clear and user-friendly decision support system.

A holistic vision of wheat cultivation problems: the DSS takes into account and provides decision supports for all the key elements of the production chain, from strategic choices to tactical operations. Through granoduro.net a farmer can manage all tactical farmer decisions in order to optimize seeding, fertilization, weed control and disease management.

The DSS provides also information on: nowcasting and forecast weather conditions and crop growth and development.

5 – Annexes

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The use of granoduro.net contribute in reducing carbon footprint (-10%)

CARBON FOOTPRINT (t CO2/t durum wheat) and GRANODURO.NET

3 – Results

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granoduro.net contribute to the riduction of production costs specially in case of favorable or neutral previous crop (- 10%)

PRODUCTION COSTS (€/t durum wheat) and GRANODURO.NET

3 – Results

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The use of granoduro.net contribute to:

1. a reduction in direct costs of production (- 10% = - 15 €/ton);

2. a reduction in Carbon footprint (- 10% CO2 = - 0,12 ton CO2/ton);

3. an increasing in nitrogen use efficiency;

4. maintain high yields.

A favorable crop rotation contribute to:

1. a reduction in production costs (- 31% = - 57 €/ton);

2. a reduction in the consumption of fuels;

3. a reduction in Carbon footprint (- 36% CO2 = - 0,21 ton CO2/ton);

4. an increasing in nitrogen use efficiency;

5. an increasing in yields (+20%).

CROP ROTATION

GRANODURO.NET

4 – Farming Barilla Conclusions

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These studies allow the achievement of:

• an increased awareness of the impact of the agricultural factors on productivity;

• greater conviction about the real possibility of reducing the environmental impact and

the costs of production;

• greater knowledge of techniques, tools and strategies to be adopted to obtain a more

sustainable production of durum wheat.

The sustainable durum wheat project is going on. The sample involved in the last crop

year will be supplemented with new farms situated in initially not considered areas.

CROP YEAR 2012-2013

4 – Conclusions

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Campi Aperti (Open fileds)

Parma

MacerataSiena

Foggia

Ancona

Ferrara

Parma

MacerataSiena

Foggia

Ancona

Ferrara

Barilla Sustainable Grains Project

2011 2012 2013 2014Farmers test 15 100 500Durum 10kt 50kt

‐210kg Co2eq/t‐ 57 €/t

Study results confirmed

Country Cereal Technical Partner

Italy Durum wheat Horta

Germany Soft wheat LFL ‐ Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture

Greece Durum wheat University of Thessaly

France Soft wheat, durum wheat AxerealTurkey Durum wheat University of Sanliurfa

Sweden Rye Lantmannen

Canada Durum wheat CWB

USA Durum wheat Sustainability Consortium (tbc)

Durum Wheat in Italy

2012 www projects

Production, abandonment & sustainability in the Italian territories for cereal cultivation

GoalsEvaluation of agro‐industrial strategies to reduce abandonment of marginal areas improving sustainability through Barilla Sustainable Farming

Case StudyEmilia Romagna – (Parma & Bologna) Marche – (Macerata & Ancona)Puglia – (Foggia & Bari)

Example of area of interest for the application of

Barilla Sustainable Farming Zona interesse “produttivo”

Zona interesse “sociale”

Source: elaboration from ISTAT:- Agricultural Census;-Population Census;

Per info:[email protected]@unitus.it

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