Bandwidth partitioning (jointly with R. Pan, C. Psounis, C. Nair, B. Yang, L. Breslau and S....
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Transcript of Bandwidth partitioning (jointly with R. Pan, C. Psounis, C. Nair, B. Yang, L. Breslau and S....
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Bandwidth partitioning
(jointly with R. Pan, C. Psounis, C. Nair, B. Yang, L. Breslau and S. Shenker)
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*The Setup
A congested network with many users
Problems:allocate bandwidth fairlycontrol queue size and hence delay
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*Approach 1: Network-centricNetwork node: fair queueing User traffic: any typePros: perfect (short-time scale) fairnessCons: depending on number of users/flows need to add and remove queues dynamicallyincremental addition of queues not possiblein data centers, may want to support VM migrations, etc
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*Approach 2: User-centricNetwork node: FIFOUser traffic: responsive to congestion (e.g. TCP)problem: requires user cooperation, there are many TCP implementations!
For example, if the red source blasts away, it will get all of the links bandwidthQuestion: Can we prevent a single source (or a small number of sources) from hogging up all the bandwidth, without explicitly identifying the rogue source?We will deal with full-scale bandwidth partitioning later
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*Solve problems with tail-dropProactively indicate congestionNo bias against bursty flowNo synchronization effect
Provide better QoS at routerlow steady-state delaylower packet droppingActive Queue Management
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*Random Early Detection (RED)yesDrop the new packetendAdmit packet with a probability pendAvgQsize > Maxth?yesArriving packetnoAdmit the new packetendAvgQsize > Minth? no
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*RED Dropping Curveminthmaxth0Average Queue SizeDrop Probability1maxp
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*What QoS does RED Provide? Lower buffer delay: good interactive service qavg is controlled and small
With congestion responsive flows: packet dropping is reducedearly congestion indication allows traffic to throttle back before congestion
With responsive: fair bandwidth allocation, approximately and over long time scales
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*Simulation Comparison: The setup
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*1 UDP source and 32 TCP sources
Chart1
86.5725828981.32365742770.1867634257
170.2101299135.16255931350.3241872034
250.4461628175.70525049270.4143158317
331.2556891203.22351033420.4919412242
412.8009327221.74596009430.5565080798
479.9076622235.10815264320.6081530789
549.8767198245.97094843450.6486129308
621.9190637251.5258343440.6855927071
680.832453256.28437311620.7152395854
722.1242391259.11049434520.7408895057
960.861409240.44476886320.8797776156
977.4067531198.5181148150.9338272951
983.3089401158.23231240150.9604419219
987.9141445122.12363631580.9755752727
987.609949392.95008898760.9845083185
989.55205769.8375931870.990023201
989.04309848.10118297460.9939873521
991.388496834.02874858950.9962190279
991.507965325.85250594850.9974147494
RED
CHOKe
CBR Dropping Percentage
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
UDP Throughput (Kbps)
Sheet1
newtcp32drop_2
10081.3236574277918.67634257239.4266666667104.2133333333113.459785293328.70863570540.18786.5725828986.5725828922912.27880564910.13428.5087126765
200135.1625593135864.837440686516.803333333399.3133333333115.709878693327.02617002150.324170.2101299170.2101298692829.13352072590.14925.9104225227
300175.7052504927824.294749507323.126666666795.22117.918902066725.75921092210.414250.4461628250.4461627689748.65135679930.16523.3953549
400203.2235103342796.776489665828.6992.8766666667121.032291206724.89926530210.492331.2556891331.2556890884668.49817988470.17220.8905681214
500221.7459600943778.254039905732.446666666790.8166666667122.8058878224.32043874710.557412.8009327412.8009327046586.95293626850.17418.3422792584
600235.1081526432764.891847356835.793333333388.3123.7467389723.90287022990.608479.9076622479.9076622176519.92825043120.20016.247757826
700245.9709484345754.029051565539.326666666786.8266666667125.371728596723.56340786140.649549.8767198549.8767198245450.04123649990.21414.0637886406
800251.525834344748.47416565641.593333333385.65126.687851473323.38981767670.686621.9190637621.9190637351378.08093626490.22311.8150292583
900256.2843731162743.715626883844.046666666784.19127.878039336723.24111334010.715680.832453680.8324529595319.16754704050.2449.973985845
1000259.1104943452740.889505654845.3383.2366666667127.323655796723.15279705170.741722.1242391722.124239089277.8757609110.2788.6836175285
2000240.4447688632759.555231136856.316666666777.5633333333133.262922616723.7361009730.880960.861409960.861409001538.32377727180.5201.1976180397
3000198.518114815801.48188518560.403333333375.0966666667135.312138713325.0463089120.934977.4067531977.406753108322.59324689170.6740.7060389654
4000158.2323124015841.767687598563.746666666774.2466666667137.270556116726.30524023750.960983.3089401983.308940124216.49804171320.7540.5155638035
5000122.1236363158877.876363684265.1173.2366666667137.160603756727.43363636510.976987.9141445987.914144494312.04325909510.8020.3763518467
600092.9500889876907.049911012464.9673.25137.809633036728.34530971910.985987.6099493987.60994934712.3900506530.8350.3871890829
700069.837593187930.16240681365.296666666772.4066666667137.573069613329.06757521290.990989.552057989.552057024710.37591590110.8590.3242473719
800048.1011829746951.898817025466.713333333372.3233333333138.013519023329.7468380320.994989.043098989.043097994310.67191115390.8760.3334972236
900034.0287485895965.971251410566.523333333371.9466666667137.533024326730.18660160660.996991.3884968991.38849680338.61150319670.8900.2691094749
1000025.8525059485974.147494051566.1472.21137.402514306730.44210918910.997991.5079653991.50796530398.49203469610.9010.2653760843
newtcp32drop_2
0000
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UDP Throughput(CHOKe)
UDP Dropping Percentage
Average TCP Throughput
UDP Throughput (RED)
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
Throughput (Kbps)
000
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Average UDP Queue Size
Average ToTal TCP Queue Size
Average FIFO Queue Size
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
Queue Size (# of Packets)
00000
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RED: UDP's throughput with mark for
UDP dropping percentage
CHOKe:UD's throughput with mark for
UDP Dropping Percentage
CHOKe: TCP's average throughput
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
Throughput (Kbps)
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*A Randomized Algorithm: First CutConsider a single link shared by 1 unresponsive (red) flow and k distinct responsive (green) flowsSuppose the buffer gets congested
Observe: It is likely there are more packets from the red (unresponsive) sourceSo if a randomly chosen packet is evicted, it will likely be a red packetTherefore, one algorithm could be: When buffer is congested evict a randomly chosen packet
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*CommentsUnfortunately, this doesnt work because there is a small non-zero chance of evicting a green packet
Since green sources are responsive, they interpret the packet drop as a congestion signal and back-off
This only frees up more room for red packets
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*Randomized algorithm: Second attempt
Suppose we choose two packets at random from the queue and compare their ids, then it is quite unlikely that both will be green
This suggests another algorithm: Choose two packets at random and drop them both if their ids agree
This works: That is, it limits the maximum bandwidth the red source can consume
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*yesDrop the new packetendAdmit packet with a probability pendAvgQsize > Maxth?yesREDArriving packetnoAdmit the new packetendAvgQsize > Minth? no
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*Simulation Comparison: The setup
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*1 UDP source and 32 TCP sources
Chart1
86.5725828981.32365742770.1867634257
170.2101299135.16255931350.3241872034
250.4461628175.70525049270.4143158317
331.2556891203.22351033420.4919412242
412.8009327221.74596009430.5565080798
479.9076622235.10815264320.6081530789
549.8767198245.97094843450.6486129308
621.9190637251.5258343440.6855927071
680.832453256.28437311620.7152395854
722.1242391259.11049434520.7408895057
960.861409240.44476886320.8797776156
977.4067531198.5181148150.9338272951
983.3089401158.23231240150.9604419219
987.9141445122.12363631580.9755752727
987.609949392.95008898760.9845083185
989.55205769.8375931870.990023201
989.04309848.10118297460.9939873521
991.388496834.02874858950.9962190279
991.507965325.85250594850.9974147494
RED
CHOKe
CBR Dropping Percentage
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
UDP Throughput (Kbps)
Sheet1
newtcp32drop_2
10081.3236574277918.67634257239.4266666667104.2133333333113.459785293328.70863570540.18786.5725828986.5725828922912.27880564910.13428.5087126765
200135.1625593135864.837440686516.803333333399.3133333333115.709878693327.02617002150.324170.2101299170.2101298692829.13352072590.14925.9104225227
300175.7052504927824.294749507323.126666666795.22117.918902066725.75921092210.414250.4461628250.4461627689748.65135679930.16523.3953549
400203.2235103342796.776489665828.6992.8766666667121.032291206724.89926530210.492331.2556891331.2556890884668.49817988470.17220.8905681214
500221.7459600943778.254039905732.446666666790.8166666667122.8058878224.32043874710.557412.8009327412.8009327046586.95293626850.17418.3422792584
600235.1081526432764.891847356835.793333333388.3123.7467389723.90287022990.608479.9076622479.9076622176519.92825043120.20016.247757826
700245.9709484345754.029051565539.326666666786.8266666667125.371728596723.56340786140.649549.8767198549.8767198245450.04123649990.21414.0637886406
800251.525834344748.47416565641.593333333385.65126.687851473323.38981767670.686621.9190637621.9190637351378.08093626490.22311.8150292583
900256.2843731162743.715626883844.046666666784.19127.878039336723.24111334010.715680.832453680.8324529595319.16754704050.2449.973985845
1000259.1104943452740.889505654845.3383.2366666667127.323655796723.15279705170.741722.1242391722.124239089277.8757609110.2788.6836175285
2000240.4447688632759.555231136856.316666666777.5633333333133.262922616723.7361009730.880960.861409960.861409001538.32377727180.5201.1976180397
3000198.518114815801.48188518560.403333333375.0966666667135.312138713325.0463089120.934977.4067531977.406753108322.59324689170.6740.7060389654
4000158.2323124015841.767687598563.746666666774.2466666667137.270556116726.30524023750.960983.3089401983.308940124216.49804171320.7540.5155638035
5000122.1236363158877.876363684265.1173.2366666667137.160603756727.43363636510.976987.9141445987.914144494312.04325909510.8020.3763518467
600092.9500889876907.049911012464.9673.25137.809633036728.34530971910.985987.6099493987.60994934712.3900506530.8350.3871890829
700069.837593187930.16240681365.296666666772.4066666667137.573069613329.06757521290.990989.552057989.552057024710.37591590110.8590.3242473719
800048.1011829746951.898817025466.713333333372.3233333333138.013519023329.7468380320.994989.043098989.043097994310.67191115390.8760.3334972236
900034.0287485895965.971251410566.523333333371.9466666667137.533024326730.18660160660.996991.3884968991.38849680338.61150319670.8900.2691094749
1000025.8525059485974.147494051566.1472.21137.402514306730.44210918910.997991.5079653991.50796530398.49203469610.9010.2653760843
newtcp32drop_2
0000
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UDP Throughput(CHOKe)
UDP Dropping Percentage
Average TCP Throughput
UDP Throughput (RED)
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
Throughput (Kbps)
000
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Average UDP Queue Size
Average ToTal TCP Queue Size
Average FIFO Queue Size
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
Queue Size (# of Packets)
00000
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RED: UDP's throughput with mark for
UDP dropping percentage
CHOKe:UD's throughput with mark for
UDP Dropping Percentage
CHOKe: TCP's average throughput
UDP Arrival Rate (Kbps)
Throughput (Kbps)
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*A Fluid Analysis
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*Setupdiscards from the queueN: the total number of packets in the bufferi: the arrival rate for flow iLi(t): the rate at which flow i packets cross location t0Dlocation in tubet+ttLi(t)
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*The Equation
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*Simulation Comparison: 1UDP, 32 TCPs
Chart1
82.781.3236574277
139.3135.1625593135
178.9175.7052504927
206.9203.2235103342
227.1221.7459600943
241.6235.1081526432
251.9245.9709484345
259.1251.525834344
263.9256.2843731162
266.9259.1104943452
250.7240.4447688632
210.2198.518114815
169.4158.2323124015
132.9122.1236363158
102.192.9500889876
76.669.837593187
56.448.1011829746
40.634.0287485895
28.725.8525059485
fluid model
CHOKe ns simulation
Arrival Rate
Throughput
Sheet1
0.10.08262128680.09048374180.08187307530.082782.781.32365742770.0813236574
0.20.13861882130.16374615060.13406400920.1393139.3135.16255931350.1351625593
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0.40.20164853780.26812801840.17973158560.2069206.9203.22351033420.2032235103
0.50.21763329920.30326532990.18393972060.2271227.1221.74596009430.2217459601
0.60.22690850470.32928698170.18071652710.2416241.6235.10815264320.2351081526
0.70.23121345930.34760971270.17261787480.2519251.9245.97094843450.2459709484
0.80.23181136620.35946317130.16151721440.2591259.1251.5258343440.2515258343
0.90.22963833720.36591269380.14876899940.2639263.9256.28437311620.2562843731
10.22539967360.36787944120.13533528320.2669266.9259.11049434520.2591104943
20.1451577670.27067056650.03663127780.2507250.7240.44476886320.2404447689
30.07658712680.14936120510.00743625650.2102210.2198.5181148150.1985181148
40.03696984090.07326255560.00134185050.1694169.4158.23231240150.1582323124
50.01690180920.0336897350.00022699960.1329132.9122.12363631580.1221236363
60.00744548430.01487251310.00003686530.1021102.192.95008898760.092950089
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80.00134207560.0026837010.00000090030.056456.448.10118297460.048101183
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100.00022700480.00045399930.00000002060.028728.725.85250594850.0258525059
Sheet1
drop two
drop one
Arrival Rate
Throughput
Sheet2
e-1
Arrival Rate
Throughput
Sheet3
drop one with memory
drop one
Arrival Rate
Throughput
simple model of dropping two packets
fluid model
CHOKe ns simulation
Arrival Rate
Throughput
fluid model
CHOKe ns simulation
Arrival Rate
Throughput
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*Complete bandwidth partitioningWe have just seen how to prevent a small number of sources from hogging all the bandwidth
However, this is far from ideal fairnessWhat happens if we use a bit more state?
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*Our approach: Exploit power lawsMost flows are very small (mice), most bandwidth is consumed by a few large (elephant) flows: simply partition the bandwidth amongst the elephant flows
New problem: Quickly (automatically) identify elephant flows, allocate bandwidth to them
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*Detecting large (elephant) flowsDetection: Flip a coin with bias p (= 0.1, say) for heads on each arriving packet, independently from packet to packet.A flow is sampled if one its packets has a head on it
A flow of size X has roughly 0.1X chance of being sampledflows with fewer than 5 packets are sampled with prob 0.5flows with more than 10 packets are sampled with prob 1 Most mice will not be sampled, most elephants will beHTTTTTH
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*The AFD AlgorithmDiData BufferFlow TableAFD is a randomized algorithmjoint work with Rong Pan, Lee Breslau and Scott Shenkercurrently being ported onto Ciscos core router (and other) platforms
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AFD vs. WRED
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Test 1: TCP Traffic (1Gbps, 4 Classes)Class 1400 Flows015456030timeClass 2400 Flows015456030timeClass 3400 Flows015456030timeClass 4015456030timeWeight 1160 FlowsWeight 3Weight 2400 Flows1600 FlowsWeight 4
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TCP Traffic:Throughputs Under WRED
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TCP Traffic: Throughputs Under AFD
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AFDs Implementation in IOSAFD is implemented as an IOS feature directly on top of IO driver Integration Branch : haw_t LABEL=V124_24_6
Lines of codes: 689 lines Structure definition and initialization: 253 Per packet enque process function: 173 Background timer function: 263
Tested on e-ARMS c3845 platform
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Throughput Comparison vs. 12.5T IOS
Chart1
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9985056298394052498356919855984985326999320002979400024999000198630009931000
AFD-prec1
AFD-prec2
AFD-prec3
AFD-prec4
AFD-prec5
12.5T-prec1
12.5T-prec2
12.5T-prec3
12.5T-prec4
12.5T-prec5
Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
Sheet1
03153756.899MDTupdatecount5000qlen48438mfair63764ratio5output_th94521446Throughput&arrival99395952268635961602975504439696859616024922048396968298080199448953969685961609933058283629596160TH_interval10132000AdmitLevel130224192149104
10.132315387.031MDTupdatecount7500qlen33948mfair68679ratio5output_th94520088Throughput&arrival99725622269795961602982325439701559616024934673397015298080198480783970155961609930084283582596160TH_interval10136035AdmitLevel136233192155109
20.2683153817.167MDTupdatecount10000qlen27324mfair70275ratio5output_th94520265Throughput&arrival99647732268425961602978747039719259616024961926397193298080198854343971935961609915432283642596160TH_interval10135981AdmitLevel138236192157110
30.4043153827.303MDTupdatecount12500qlen29394mfair71105ratio5output_th94520697Throughput&arrival98825132269695961602984491539711559616024867772397115298080199340193971155961609993108283586596160TH_interval10151983AdmitLevel139238192158111
40.5563153837.455MDTupdatecount15000qlen41400mfair67614ratio5output_th94519550Throughput&arrival99069142267875961602982861439693159616024953119396931298080198615533969315961609978828283415596160TH_interval10131993AdmitLevel135231192154108
50.6883153847.587MDTupdatecount17500qlen50094mfair61944ratio5output_th94520700Throughput&arrival99915272275335961602983054039756859616024897815397568298080198667753975685961609940900284146596160TH_interval10139999AdmitLevel128220191146102
60.8283153857.727MDTupdatecount20000qlen48852mfair66051ratio5output_th94520150Throughput&arrival100408242268925961602977886239714059616024893183397140298080198748943971405961609931404283620596160TH_interval10140023AdmitLevel133228192152106
70.968315397.867MDTupdatecount22500qlen42228mfair66619ratio5output_th94520385Throughput&arrival99114942270155961602981165839695959616024911994396959298080198818513969595961609998153283684596160TH_interval10127979AdmitLevel133229192153107
81.0963153917.995MDTupdatecount25000qlen36846mfair68222ratio5output_th94520572Throughput&arrival99827342269935961602980987639704859616024945881397048298080198428383970485961609934990283619596160TH_interval10128029AdmitLevel135232192155108
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172.343154049.239MDTupdatecount47500qlen44712mfair67251ratio5output_th94520415Throughput&arrival99673682267635961602987890639707059616024964494397070298080197867163970705961609925543283552596160TH_interval10136000AdmitLevel134230192153107
182.4763154059.375MDTupdatecount50000qlen50094mfair61511ratio5output_th94520456Throughput&arrival100261842268015961602980625939711559616024942553397115298080198582003971155961609891508283611596160TH_interval10132036AdmitLevel128219192146102
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253.4323154210.331MDTupdatecount67500qlen47610mfair65634ratio5output_th94520288Throughput&arrival99486952267515961602981862839704759616024913743397047298080198620873970475961609984979283580596160TH_interval10132054AdmitLevel132227192151106
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283.8563154240.755MDTupdatecount75000qlen43056mfair68294ratio5output_th94521088Throughput&arrival98680662267235961602988107039685659616024938221396856298080198873023968565961609956874283640596160TH_interval10144022AdmitLevel136233192155108
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304.128315431.027MDTupdatecount80000qlen31050mfair70334ratio5output_th94520587Throughput&arrival99889682268795961602972108639711459616024997590397114298080198677753971145961609940589283732596160TH_interval10131987AdmitLevel138236192157110
314.263154311.159MDTupdatecount82500qlen52578mfair61774ratio5output_th94519787Throughput&arrival99762492267205961602984241639702259616024911682397022298080198449103970225961609961533283493596160TH_interval10127973AdmitLevel128220192146102
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334.5323154331.431MDTupdatecount87500qlen42228mfair67295ratio5output_th94520877Throughput&arrival99634212268805961602979717739693159616024992497396931298080198262423969315961609931739283539596160TH_interval10140015AdmitLevel134231192154107
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354.823154351.719MDTupdatecount92500qlen48438mfair64178ratio5output_th94519727Throughput&arrival99605412266335961602985384039694359616024872425396943298080198808763969435961609954984283423596160TH_interval10131974AdmitLevel131225192150105
364.952315441.851MDTupdatecount95000qlen36432mfair67445ratio5output_th94520339Throughput&arrival98470332266655961602982527539700459616024965526397004298080198821003970045961609990919283486596160TH_interval10128019AdmitLevel135231192154108
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AFD_ue
AFD-prec1AFD-prec2AFD-prec3AFD-prec4AFD-prec512.5T-prec112.5T-prec212.5T-prec312.5T-prec412.5T-prec5prec1prec2prec3prec4prec5
03153756.899Throughput&arrival9939595226863596160297550443969685961602492204839696829808019944895396968596160993305828362959616009833000295050002475700019670000983500020418726889332767326232767801032767130972340713572
20.2683153817.167Throughput&arrival996477322684259616029787470397192596160249619263971932980801988543439719359616099154322836425961602498950002968800024911000197920009897000202818841894632969328132969805832969131772355113654
50.6883153847.587Throughput&arrival999152722753359616029830540397568596160248978153975682980801986677539756859616099409002841465961605199130002974200024956000198290009914000205518874896133028328633028807233028131992359213678
70.968315397.867Throughput&arrival991149422701559616029811658396959596160249119943969592980801988185139695959616099981532836845961607599240002977200024982000198500009925000211918891000896700033059000328700033060000807800033060000132100002361400013689000
101.3683153938.267Throughput&arrival995167422691659616029789370397048596160249758673970482980801988342439704859616099085592837385961609999280002978400024991000198560009928000214318899000897100033072000328800033072000808100033072000132160002362300013695000
121.6443153958.543Throughput&arrival991541622654059616029850686396754596160249443813967542980801989251639676559616099307552836645961601239931000297890002499600019859000992900022718903000897200033078000328900033078000808200033079000132200002362800013699000
152.0563154028.955Throughput&arrival9944474226752596160298627843968505961602492871739685029808019857955396850596160992718328342259616014799300002979100024995000198580009929000223118903000897300033078000328700033078000808300033078000132200002362700013698000
172.343154049.239Throughput&arrival9967368226763596160298789063970705961602496449439707029808019786716397070596160992554328355259616017299320002979400025000000198630009931000225618904000897200033082000328800033082000808200033082000132190002363000013699000
192.608315419.507Throughput&arrival9967426226904596160298525743969425961602488553839694529808019878934396945596160993407128369659616019699300002979000024997000198590009930000232018901000897100033077000328700033077000808000033077000132180002362700013697000
223.0363154139.935Throughput&arrival99144492268325961602985150539686359616024909965396863298080198504653968635961601000169328340659616022299310002979200024999000198620009930000234618903000897200033081000328900033081000808200033081000132190002362900013699000
243.304315420.203Throughput&arrival9904281226748596160298099673970725961602492273939707229808019919093397072596160997033828354459616024699360002980900025012000198720009936000241018914000897800033099000329000033099000808700033099000132270002364200013706000
273.6923154230.591Throughput&arrival9912252226678596160298289753967275961602486193239672729808019918677396727596160998198528333459616027099300002979100024997000198600009930000243418903000897300033079000328800033079000808200033079000132190002362800013698000
2943154250.899Throughput&arrival9884308226805596160298586163969775961602492234839697729808019887322396980596160996279128358959616029499310002979600025000000198630009932000245818904000897300033083000328700033083000808300033083000132200002363000013698000
314.263154311.159Throughput&arrival9976249226720596160298424163970225961602491168239702229808019844910397022596160996153328349359616031899300002979200024998000198600009931000252218902000897200033078000328600033078000808000033078000132180002362700013696000
344.6723154341.571Throughput&arrival9928486226926596160298060213971885961602499207139718829808019864806397188596160993109728367159616034299320002979500025000000198630009931000254618905000897300033082000328700033082000808200033082000132190002363000013699000
364.952315441.851Throughput&arrival9847033226665596160298252753970045961602496552639700429808019882100397004596160999091928348659616036699360002981000025013000198730009937000261018914000897800033100000329000033100000808700033100000132270002364300013706000
395.3523154432.251Throughput&arrival9921294227002596160298314963970775961602490269539707729808019881785397077596160997812828356959616039099300002979300024998000198610009930000263418903000897300033080000328700033080000808200033080000132190002362800013698000
415.6363154452.535Throughput&arrival998505622675159616029839405397099596160249835693970992980801985598439709959616098532692835335961604179932000297940002499900019863000993100027118905000897300033083000328900033082000808300033082000132190002363000013699000
AFD_ue
AFD-prec1
AFD-prec5
12.5T-prec1
12.5T-prec5
Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
AFD-prec2
AFD-prec4
12.5T-prec2
12.5T-prec4
Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
AFD-prec3
12.5T-prec3
Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
AFD-prec1
AFD-prec2
AFD-prec3
AFD-prec4
AFD-prec5
12.5T-prec1
12.5T-prec2
12.5T-prec3
12.5T-prec4
12.5T-prec5
Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
-
Scenario 2 (100Mbps Link) With Smaller Measurement Intervals - the longer the interval => the better rate accuracy
Chart3
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104122752875442925168745191006649653765
1063331029276127253404211974757611185690
1047992128337156252345481958090610204134
98737882817136725754706198166239390455
93089872903025124755012193764869653765
100821913024657525550759200953279875023
103506462946484125186574196662299591599
104104173008205024674041201448349531616
109204623036592924940926199386509511370
1069433130220111252524212000874910349353
86257182953446124704058195286279522793
1021008530354308255252142062713210348059
1055831929397674244290531835629410006250
972393529930411252408532013751110275648
103558252913438825337252201593399251203
98608362972042424479700196527179860836
938869429960980254047022015807911045522
904631629676331255392961985776810315007
102168952947712424989974200195929319465
897430029753256247138421919119510700127
1041379330482758241379311910344810000000
102865712968607924784424192614339941384
1165080530264518259213182026826510203072
97371142900417025275062193361139875229
97208992999000824543547188213159789841
987584730249098256219522023512710635527
1034978429807379242184951911260110142788
96587922966629125250843199385079865766
106965592995036725602733194608389592398
102812142967061824219504193894039798204
92458073035936726357450206305709728797
924619229670618255995331932040210557219
Prec1
Prec2
Prec3
Prec4
Prec5
Test Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
AFD with 48ms Interval
IOS_200ms
Relative TimeMinSecTh_prec1Th_prec2Th_prec3Th_prec4Th_prec5
01115.42799205312984440224975227198741869887407
0.21115.62799524602975802225005349198552419969020
0.41115.82798861712982411225005224198717019919291
0.61116.02799857792975861725005850198556389936099
0.81116.22799009492983530225000724198350129917506
11116.42799365962977666625023661198897539936596
1.21116.62799527092980844724956294198722989919588
1.41116.82799202832977741125007725198571279953406
1.61117.02799023352982291925004224198543489902335
1.81117.22799655822978086725029834198649479932473
21117.42798887922979888924978724198769699938484
2.21117.62799356522979039725004724198713049935652
2.41117.82799380372981411124977600198263849938037
2.61118.02799503212978473824999975198675299900652
2.81118.22799219202979888925011852198604059938484
31118.42799508682978637625001349198851799950868
3.21118.62799179022981993725018282198523629917902
3.41118.82799346582978741825002224198362029951216
3.61119.02799210272976308224959913198917429954152
3.81119.22799556462980067825013354198781629872820
41119.42799164652979906024998100198494859999240
4.21119.62799350062980501925019658198534549885331
4.41119.82799064952978575124998164198958219923061
4.61120.02799194402979144024972480198057609952560
4.81120.22799361492979188625005975199219789919588
51120.42799651332981263424995601198143949932027
5.21120.62798906222977127025016482198640809940324
5.41120.82799496242983231924998225198826949949624
5.61121.02799386832976635625012353198442379872425
5.81121.22799357012982366524971730198714039968820
61121.42798867642977621925006725198894559919886
6.21121.62799857292975846825005725198224199936049
6.41121.82798824652984604024995851198973609932126
6.61122.02799558952976829225013979198620939939329
6.81122.22799351552983858325003474198537529902038
71122.42799204812976144424975102198740869937043
7.21122.62799190432979024825004599198712059935602
7.41122.82799494752978220724997850198658419932920
7.61123.02799227642983455425013979198786599922764
7.81123.22799346092975415425002099198361029951166
81123.42799184972980516825019783198701129935056
8.21123.62799518132978920524987165198705099902137
8.41123.82799183982978831224986416198367979968073
8.61124.02799569902977156825000165198808469907288
8.81124.22799177042981934125001224198685239934261
91124.42799338642978503625000224198346159950420
9.21124.62799027802980770125038469198883619919340
9.41124.82799846812980501924953424198865719918448
9.61125.02798908692977201525000540198148749957140
9.81125.22799364962980949025006850198895549919935
101125.42799359502977473125005474198884609919390
10.21125.62799362482979218425006225197896949952808
10.41125.82799021372982232324987165199367449918696
10.61126.027100023902974220624989414198226179936149
10.81126.22798826632984663624996351198812039932325
111126.42799559942976859025014229198291619955994
11.21126.62799202332979382325007600199067129887110
11.41126.82799514152975489825002724198034829967973
11.61127.02799026322987349325004974199046229902632
11.81127.22799701172972817224974977198243029970117
121127.42799177042985245525001224199016379884590
12.21127.62799204812974488325008225198575259986728
12.41127.82799351052982187625003349198702119901988
12.61128.02799352542975608825003724198373929935254
12.81128.22799202332984350725007600199067129936794
131128.42799178532980323124968485198191489934410
13.21128.62799705152976248625009101198913449920828
13.41128.82799018892975534425003099198203379951564
13.61129.02799359502984097025005474199050209935950
13.81129.22799532562974384225007350198568299903573
141129.42799181012983709125035340198362029967774
14.21129.62799023352987259724971106199040259869217
14.41129.82799729092973649924981973198132899972909
14.61130.02798866662980904325006475198561349903226
14.81130.22799491772978131424997100198983549965731
151130.42799355032980650925037468198544479885825
15.21130.62799401252980380824982847198305499956692
15.41130.82799023352983947824971106198874669902335
15.61131.02799695682969341625006725198397729969568
15.81131.22799155232982933724995726199138149932076
161131.42799234592975381025015731198137849940025
16.21131.62799690702984097025005474198553409902830
16.41131.82799026322980725425004974199046229935751
16.61132.02799350062978846124969983198700129935006
16.81132.22799365962972698325007100198235099936596
171132.42799338642983470525000224199008419933864
17.21132.62799213252976397525010351198592139937888
17.41132.82799201342982664725007350198568299936695
17.61133.02799663292979965625015155198498829900107
17.81133.22799053562976576124962160198604059971612
181133.42799655322981382724996601198814029932424
18.21133.62799030282975876625005975198557379903028
18.41133.82799391802978441125013604198617959955745
18.61134.02799034742979322725007100198400709920035
18.81134.22799856802979144024972480199051209919440
191134.42798811322984201225009030198284709947337
19.21134.62799693692975906324989664199056179969369
19.41134.82799062972980172125014229198457269873166
19.61135.02799541522979620725009601198420549970715
19.81135.22798861712982411225005224198717019902731
AFD_200ms
Relative TimeMinSecTh_prec1Th_prec2Th_prec3Th_prec4Th_prec5
0207.4471026832929711908250580361977481510135834
0.2207.647105749322947547524758149196346969747057
0.412207.859103019162982918325059164198750809920977
0.612208.05998517712985335124753610199353499901444
0.812208.259102688432976308225224915199911189540086
1.012208.45997533522960779925633598197882109240017
1.212208.65996231843018180424948417201680699763782
1.424208.871957244529793823252891432005576410152092
1.624209.071972057429691634250714631993794010200806
1.824209.27193708982993389425016656199338549602687
2.024209.47198540372979397225090532203539709688423
2.224209.67198752322992258024859961203598559875232
2.436209.883996837229474589252024291952277510415458
2.6362010.08398814282974359624927021197794099550392
2.8362010.2831027285030172354248205311971724410074020
3.0362010.483101511782957586425137828196896439902780
3.2362010.68393252212989694125398341203998989497042
3.4482010.895996862129806509250540271978821010183890
3.6482011.09598871102997599824792303200888879671813
3.8482011.29599208283004404624926289197588469904266
4.0482011.495945585429576455257510571912699110300423
4.2482011.695100143492954311124824962199193379889365
4.462011.9071016748429475768251703191980506610266840
4.662012.107102507422972549724790567196569169787057
4.862012.307105976582952441324722349196387859918745
5.062012.5071000294029594791249742281992307410118868
5.262012.707100455002980842125012203200285099858026
5.4722012.919102833482988960425352345198877649405703
5.6722013.11997194562963854625532200197866279255836
5.8722013.31998198833023795525236935199875209886122
6.0722013.51999682222982187624788089198536539686728
6.2722013.719104066422945423624875938203601439781619
6.4842013.931104095253000392724906735195944019631707
6.6842014.131100093962943160324940632195382099561956
6.8842014.33199358502962539525485457205340919952410
7.0842014.531983678729046675248734931975637610449516
7.2842014.731100143023013664424856091198255069576859
7.4962014.943963599230133173253648472008326310165806
7.6962015.14397388862943197624943475198918429755449
7.8962015.343907515229891696251388341985603510151584
8.0962015.543100605063004092225135644204334519576227
8.3082015.75597376693014040524824432202205689986079
8.5082015.955991907529359189249807851977446510157897
8.7162016.163100654382962810424936311195951359821919
8.922016.367991924129559008249388612051742910416031
9.122016.567101405772962486025031131195780329859328
9.3322016.779103811472962021225232645197523279768543
9.5322016.979103685302963146924546583198757769821946
9.7322017.1791011821029576307248566841973961810118210
9.9322017.379102011132972564524856932198888589836787
10.1322017.57997776982964548025771888199302609434072
10.3442017.79197385463010999425041975195433409324492
10.5442017.991998622930091175248248052015462810118716
10.7442018.19198038142974265225105713199885199803814
10.9442018.39197685432976922325166418197192139950669
11.1442018.591999867929746070251841732016921010092416
11.3562018.803101527013006060824247234198085339755205
11.5562019.0031018348329623173249039981983709410266276
11.7562019.203971882429288928250172811938797910033403
11.9562019.4031002155530346265251284301987746610120943
12.1562019.60398738822976225525075285198571269905128
12.3682019.815101158832976818224801299204138869619195
12.5682020.015104350432976471924547197197437649838755
12.7682020.215100023402967581625221132199549999687696
12.9682020.4151008483829459650246407871977224410432591
13.1682020.615100749872975635925554543195564109934406
13.382020.82795734512987976725076479193125329954401
13.582021.027978696029410560250718401990512010399680
13.782021.2271025064029708640250387201977264010118160
13.982021.427105638012942300024853080196042959702801
14.182021.627104047772991764024965216199815469967339
14.3922021.83998875062977845324611113198246989937192
14.5922022.039101181602974176025270560199382409621360
14.7922022.23997686412963706525696494198021959238817
14.9922022.439100870572997959525027165199091019772354
15.1922022.639981106529995613251681941951277110045405
15.4042022.851996727630150182247691771966964110364642
15.6042023.05197624412954213624748506200504319985401
15.8122023.259100518192974146225021909197227629935900
16.0122023.459101846032982515624890177196902339869957
16.2122023.65998404072972427825694397202431239590492
16.4242023.871101000342935632925399103195874439321835
16.6242024.0711005528830000210248648891958047910386599
16.8242024.27198357543000401925102700197046269769520
17.0242024.471104338952979456824842608198409639837672
17.2242024.67198423102976127225371289197627349967292
17.4362024.88399025822995614124789576197223689836344
17.6362025.083103652642937376825151496201178859802294
17.8362025.283968905329315597247609141964310610434365
18.0362025.483986980930238711243598812007082010101650
18.2362025.68395298563001123525230685200908119982915
18.4482025.895976795829618435249165701994981210032851
18.6482026.09594381672992399225017395198607809906951
18.862026.30796876962975861725038970204021249555215
19.062026.50799345093006844924902504203657459984182
19.262026.707993623429464996252155381974748410326809
19.4722026.919101524982969564324776733196425179556266
19.6722027.11997205253042011125087898201365579886122
19.8722027.31995865622935574225034338200506519950818
20.0722027.519948759929936438251678021985275910232698
IOS_48ms
Relative TimeMinSecTh_prec1Th_prec2Th_prec3Th_prec4Th_prec5
03617.719992648729848395249540851985297410064354
0.0483617.767100164772991127325006653197566379809239
0.0963617.81599166312974989424998175198849129813333
0.163617.879996235829817893250442621985553410100724
0.2083617.92797851562983783724945259200526809922976
0.2563617.975100857662977373625007175196188889947605
0.3043618.02399207052976211625008445198414119989599
0.3523618.07198828532971767225087244199039299744632
0.43618.119991802329891821250016841990492210055773
0.4483618.16799538332979237824953708197694209884710
0.4963618.21599856522988809125067431199024399916786
0.5443618.26398863602972821724888740198418569955496
0.5923618.31197755973001521525058574198954069844439
0.643618.35999588222959983224897055199176449958822
0.6883618.407100052082973961925116523198724149936207
0.7363618.45599355862987575524976959198021749935586
0.7843618.503100033322980303224973837197307119865355
0.8323618.5511000500029601000249780002007900010005000
0.883618.59998690562981421124983204198071269938070
0.9283618.6471000541629809242249790401987282810074419
0.9763618.69597975912966876325114953199401699935586
1.0243618.74399364142994724724979040198728289867411
1.0723618.791100047912980737924977479197335889866794
1.123618.83998672052980862124978520198724149936207
1.1683618.88798672052994662324978520200794189867205
1.2163618.935100010412952031424968116197951649932068
1.2643618.98399384843009152225053263198079519869467
1.3123619.03199306202965393725033440198612419999583
1.363619.079993351629731567249717571986703310002499
1.4083619.12798672052987762224978520198034129936207
1.4563619.175100110482961889424993099197459299942006
1.5043619.22399328952993664424970196200037489863917
1.5523619.27199382772967680025121757198765559869261
1.63619.31999250412991297125019374198500829925041
1.6483619.367994553129836593249328941975292910083663
1.6963619.41597808832989368625003244199750439918642
1.7443619.46399530032965165424951625199060069883884
1.7923619.51198723473010030424991537198137329734272
1.843619.5591006414529503111249535661978362810064145
1.8883619.60798768762969969925141141198228229945945
1.9363619.65599287602992418024959800199954209928760
1.9843619.7031008009029618894249930991981497110011048
2.0323619.751100630982970681724950969199194209994172
2.083619.79997967752994225724974878198005249865766
2.1283619.847987049529818560249868491994806410008544
2.1763619.89598768762969969925141141199609609945945
2.2243619.94399229762990674725014168197770429785156
2.2723619.991994739829842194249375741975663710085556
2.323620.03999914692990550224944221199829399646936
2.3683620.087986473929801170251102451979846210071691
2.4163620.135100100052954677324852426198819409940970
2.4643620.18398758472983472625138519198898179944908
2.5123620.23199256602977698224952008198513219994588
2.563620.279100687552972351924964997198616559999791
2.6083620.32798731702989568425062664197463419804127
2.6563620.37598791432970651424939654199655409948228
2.7043620.42399200862996692824937995199090629920086
2.7523620.47199519642964856125018133198348189951964
2.83620.51999184363003082025071602196991169918436
2.8483620.56799451162976628525000917198211699945116
2.8963620.61597373172983348224999353200961659806376
2.9443620.6631000541629533230249790401980382510074419
2.9923620.71199351722994350424975918198703449866177
3.043620.7591007358029806758249769591980217410004583
3.0883620.80799370352946606925118616198740709799020
3.1363620.85598647393000812324972277199364319933723
3.1843620.9031004094829778977249648241973802810040948
3.2323620.95198888372994312424964129199159819957990
3.283620.99999461532963124825003524198923069946153
3.3283621.04798628902986455624967596197947529931861
3.3763621.09599382772981483225121757198765559938277
3.4243621.14398645332980054924971757199360159795551
3.4723621.191100118832969041224995184198166239942835
3.523621.23998663833001312424976438198707589866383
3.5683621.2871003448929759820248800341986279010034489
3.6163621.33599598622960292325037986198505589890696
3.6643621.38398071942990503525139568201669069945323
3.7123621.431993206829727232250370891958824610070013
3.763621.479100742092980862124909518198034129936207
3.8083621.52798713182975201624988932199497289940348
3.8563621.57599997912986144724964997198616559792899
3.9043621.62398616582986082525033440199991679930620
3.9523621.671994138429755117249224991960662010010422
43621.71998756412990316525137995198894039875641
4.0483621.76799244212984218424948892199866829924421
4.0963621.81599302592968733724929087198087989930259
4.163621.8791009229229585623250233541997720810023166
4.2083621.92798982622990100225089346197965259967000
4.2563621.97599080772986280625012698198161549838789
4.3043622.02399362072980862124978520197344119936207
4.3523622.071972778429873265249748782014548110003749
4.43622.119100744192987824424979040195968169798408
4.4483622.167986515029871399249733172000624810003124
4.4963622.21599384842967741925122280197389349662415
4.5443622.263999666929714238249572022006228110065611
4.5923622.31197980002980800024978000198720009936000
4.643622.3591007672929954112249847661967032710076729
4.6883622.40799366212932683224979561199422469936621
4.7363622.45599339303014671924972797199368469864944
4.7843622.503993641429602233251170461973482210005416
AFD_48ms
Relative TimeMinSecTh_prec1Th_prec2Th_Prec3Th_prec4Th_prec5
0156.9231028614329960980246453221939869910148074
0.048156.971952681329846240259822182105225810259645
0.096157.019101588502897418724180926187437959658062
0.144157.067993583429973100247843862042365910046232
0.204157.127938400030084000263580001932000010005000
0.252157.17589004432987513225390413199397539659396
0.3157.2231014300029532000265650002125200010488000
0.348157.27190384352884019726149365202847329452409
0.396157.31992456142973776026080913193191959176617
0.444157.36794557572871237424847247189805358765556
0.492157.415965597630485297244847981917401010828488
0.54157.463959379830299837247092061967073710767140
0.588157.5111020647130274601244127761986124110068546
0.636157.5591084022630104069245113402036857910011674
0.684157.6071027436429857716252377002020395110688097
0.732157.65593888902954738925198124185016369388890
0.78157.7031013603130339141257193172130635110549747
0.828157.751945694028715964243671521891388011113630
0.876157.799101385642938114524898107195874309655775
0.924157.84798702902995598526159719202237419318106
0.972157.89594581232989319224991537197446959389085
1.02157.9431034224329854609249592801999500310066450
1.068157.991101470162995785825471082195347329801879
1.116158.0391020583329652085251008341910145910136875
1.164158.08798141502966299324204561201245219648743
1.224158.147107184463028825524133792194315069750328
1.272158.195111786982987886725117569189761868763547
1.32158.2431090177230428366258054622049257310901772
1.368158.29199345512973466324560418193861729658591
1.416158.33999384842933233324846211191177799110277
1.464158.387979351130139186255183042041464310207321
1.512158.4351056184029545541240230101988111210285714
1.56158.48398608362985833825238226195837609309181
1.608158.5311011866830000964250303901976394910059495
1.664158.587106264422932622124220009192518029798408
1.712158.6351034978430359367264954482063057010211787
1.76158.683938439129533230249100371911379610281428
1.808158.731105572192946361324909518189753959522198
1.856158.779938380429669381262884522090656410073790
1.904158.82788314482980613725873382189738149866383
1.952158.8751028142829602233238749941794074710074419
2158.923106246713104611924215973195245599589801
2.048158.971106952223029163125323527203554249039188
2.096159.01993115083055554124209921191748099932275
2.144159.067977202830530688252306052015135810434539
2.204159.1271055897930158654249136712097993310489966
2.252159.175930840629373193242018571882366610135820
2.3159.223883844429967851261010321954124810771854
2.348159.271958281429782560251635062088915710065402
2.396159.31999444942893571524654058196127529875435
2.444159.36793084062937319325029270202026899928966
2.492159.415946009530382787249276951988691510219664
2.54159.4631075458929713001248182841985462710065192
2.588159.511897766829557246248612351981992910704143
2.636159.55998674112967123625945081203558489315388
2.684159.60777281612932561026151544195964089453196
2.732159.655106266643015488424565535188381779453590
2.78159.7031055634030910068255974002090569310073370
2.828159.7511041856529530769251149531897420910004583
2.876159.799979759129392775250459562028515411177534
2.924159.84796608052912042624773064193906159591799
2.972159.89599347582959730025043869195935509244844
3.02159.943102827132981296824844140196682788902483
3.068159.9911027393630545999257882702089263610136031
3.1161510.0391090745329891945250595291995097510217108
3.1641510.08792683472929459925984475193090589544191
3.2241510.147103519402974457725189723196686879454772
3.2721510.195904371028926065260955912050367810769609
3.321510.243104122752875442925168745191006649653765
3.3681510.2911063331029276127253404211974757611185690
3.4161510.3391047992128337156252345481958090610204134
3.4641510.38798737882817136725754706198166239390455
3.5121510.43593089872903025124755012193764869653765
3.561510.483100821913024657525550759200953279875023
3.6081510.531103506462946484125186574196662299591599
3.6561510.579104104173008205024674041201448349531616
3.7041510.627109204623036592924940926199386509511370
3.7521510.6751069433130220111252524212000874910349353
3.81510.72386257182953446124704058195286279522793
3.8481510.7711021008530354308255252142062713210348059
3.8961510.8191055831929397674244290531835629410006250
3.9441510.867972393529930411252408532013751110275648
3.9921510.915103558252913438825337252201593399251203
4.041510.96398608362972042424479700196527179860836
4.0881511.011938869429960980254047022015807911045522
4.1361511.059904631629676331255392961985776810315007
4.1961511.119102168952947712424989974200195929319465
4.2441511.167897430029753256247138421919119510700127
4.2921511.2151041379330482758241379311910344810000000
4.341511.263102865712968607924784424192614339941384
4.3881511.3111165080530264518259213182026826510203072
4.4361511.35997371142900417025275062193361139875229
4.4841511.40797208992999000824543547188213159789841
4.5321511.455987584730249098256219522023512710635527
4.581511.5031034978429807379242184951911260110142788
4.6281511.55196587922966629125250843199385079865766
4.6761511.599106965592995036725602733194608389592398
4.7241511.647102812142967061824219504193894039798204
4.7721511.69592458073035936726357450206305709728797
4.821511.743924619229670618255995331932040210557219
AFD_48ms
Prec1
Prec2
Prec3
Prec4
Prec5
Test Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
AFD with 48ms Interval
Chart6
992648729848395249540851985297410064354
100164772991127325006653197566379809239
99166312974989424998175198849129813333
996235829817893250442621985553410100724
97851562983783724945259200526809922976
100857662977373625007175196188889947605
99207052976211625008445198414119989599
98828532971767225087244199039299744632
991802329891821250016841990492210055773
99538332979237824953708197694209884710
99856522988809125067431199024399916786
98863602972821724888740198418569955496
97755973001521525058574198954069844439
99588222959983224897055199176449958822
100052082973961925116523198724149936207
99355862987575524976959198021749935586
100033322980303224973837197307119865355
1000500029601000249780002007900010005000
98690562981421124983204198071269938070
1000541629809242249790401987282810074419
97975912966876325114953199401699935586
99364142994724724979040198728289867411
100047912980737924977479197335889866794
98672052980862124978520198724149936207
98672052994662324978520200794189867205
100010412952031424968116197951649932068
99384843009152225053263198079519869467
99306202965393725033440198612419999583
993351629731567249717571986703310002499
98672052987762224978520198034129936207
100110482961889424993099197459299942006
99328952993664424970196200037489863917
99382772967680025121757198765559869261
99250412991297125019374198500829925041
994553129836593249328941975292910083663
97808832989368625003244199750439918642
99530032965165424951625199060069883884
98723473010030424991537198137329734272
1006414529503111249535661978362810064145
98768762969969925141141198228229945945
99287602992418024959800199954209928760
1008009029618894249930991981497110011048
100630982970681724950969199194209994172
97967752994225724974878198005249865766
987049529818560249868491994806410008544
98768762969969925141141199609609945945
99229762990674725014168197770429785156
994739829842194249375741975663710085556
99914692990550224944221199829399646936
986473929801170251102451979846210071691
100100052954677324852426198819409940970
98758472983472625138519198898179944908
99256602977698224952008198513219994588
100687552972351924964997198616559999791
98731702989568425062664197463419804127
98791432970651424939654199655409948228
99200862996692824937995199090629920086
99519642964856125018133198348189951964
99184363003082025071602196991169918436
99451162976628525000917198211699945116
97373172983348224999353200961659806376
1000541629533230249790401980382510074419
99351722994350424975918198703449866177
1007358029806758249769591980217410004583
99370352946606925118616198740709799020
98647393000812324972277199364319933723
1004094829778977249648241973802810040948
98888372994312424964129199159819957990
99461532963124825003524198923069946153
98628902986455624967596197947529931861
99382772981483225121757198765559938277
98645332980054924971757199360159795551
100118832969041224995184198166239942835
98663833001312424976438198707589866383
1003448929759820248800341986279010034489
99598622960292325037986198505589890696
98071942990503525139568201669069945323
993206829727232250370891958824610070013
100742092980862124909518198034129936207
98713182975201624988932199497289940348
99997912986144724964997198616559792899
98616582986082525033440199991679930620
994138429755117249224991960662010010422
98756412990316525137995198894039875641
99244212984218424948892199866829924421
99302592968733724929087198087989930259
1009229229585623250233541997720810023166
98982622990100225089346197965259967000
99080772986280625012698198161549838789
99362072980862124978520197344119936207
972778429873265249748782014548110003749
100744192987824424979040195968169798408
986515029871399249733172000624810003124
99384842967741925122280197389349662415
999666929714238249572022006228110065611
97980002980800024978000198720009936000
1007672929954112249847661967032710076729
99366212932683224979561199422469936621
99339303014671924972797199368469864944
993641429602233251170461973482210005416
Prec1
Prec2
Prec3
Prec4
Prec5
Test Time (sec)
Throughput (bps)
12.5T with 48ms Interval
IOS_200ms
Relative TimeMinSecTh_prec1Th_prec2Th_prec3Th_prec4Th_prec5
01115.42799205312984440224975227198741869887407
0.21115.62799524602975802225005349198552419969020
0.41115.82798861712982411225005224198717019919291
0.61116.02799857792975861725005850198556389936099
0.81116.22799009492983530225000724198350129917506
11116.42799365962977666625023661198897539936596
1.21116.62799527092980844724956294198722989919588
1.41116.82799202832977741125007725198571279953406
1.61117.02799023352982291925004224198543489902335
1.81117.22799655822978086725029834198649479932473
21117.42798887922979888924978724198769699938484
2.21117.62799356522979039725004724198713049935652
2.41117.82799380372981411124977600198263849938037
2.61118.02799503212978473824999975198675299900652
2.81118.22799219202979888925011852198604059938484
31118.42799508682978637625001349198851799950868
3.21118.62799179022981993725018282198523629917902
3.41118.82799346582978741825002224198362029951216
3.61119.02799210272976308224959913198917429954152
3.81119.22799556462980067825013354198781629872820
41119.42799164652979906024998100198494859999240
4.21119.62799350062980501925019658198534549885331
4.41119.82799064952978575124998164198958219923061
4.61120.02799194402979144024972480198057609952560
4.81120.22799361492979188625005975199219789919588
51120.42799651332981263424995601198143949932027
5.21120.62798906222977127025016482198640809940324
5.41120.82799496242983231924998225198826949949624
5.61121.02799386832976635625012353198442379872425
5.81121.22799357012982366524971730198714039968820
61121.42798867642977621925006725198894559919886
6.21121.62799857292975846825005725198224199936049
6.41121.82798824652984604024995851198973609932126
6.61122.02799558952976829225013979198620939939329
6.81122.22799351552983858325003474198537529902038
71122.42799204812976144424975102198740869937043
7.21122.62799190432979024825004599198712059935602
7.41122.82799494752978220724997850198658419932920
7.61123.02799227642983455425013979198786599922764
7.81123.22799346092975415425002099198361029951166
81123.42799184972980516825019783198701129935056
8.21123.62799518132978920524987165198705099902137
8.41123.82799183982978831224986416198367979968073
8.61124.02799569902977156825000165198808469907288
8.81124.22799177042981934125001224198685239934261
91124.42799338642978503625000224198346159950420
9.21124.62799027802980770125038469198883619919340
9.41124.82799846812980501924953424198865719918448
9.61125.02798908692977201525000540198148749957140
9.81125.22799364962980949025006850198895549919935
101125.42799359502977473125005474198884609919390
10.21125.62799362482979218425006225197896949952808
10.41125.82799021372982232324987165199367449918696
10.61126.027100023902974220624989414198226179936149
10.81126.22798826632984663624996351198812039932325
111126.42799559942976859025014229198291619955994
11.21126.62799202332979382325007600199067129887110
11.41126.82799514152975489825002724198034829967973
11.61127.02799026322987349325004974199046229902632
11.81127.22799701172972817224974977198243029970117
121127.42799177042985245525001224199016379884590
12.21127.62799204812974488325008225198575259986728
12.41127.82799351052982187625003349198702119901988
12.61128.02799352542975608825003724198373929935254
12.81128.22799202332984350725007600199067129936794
131128.42799178532980323124968485198191489934410
13.21128.62799705152976248625009101198913449920828
13.41128.82799018892975534425003099198203379951564
13.61129.02799359502984097025005474199050209935950
13.81129.22799532562974384225007350198568299903573
141129.42799181012983709125035340198362029967774
14.21129.62799023352987259724971106199040259869217
14.41129.82799729092973649924981973198132899972909
14.61130.02798866662980904325006475198561349903226
14.81130.22799491772978131424997100198983549965731
151130.42799355032980650925037468198544479885825
15.21130.62799401252980380824982847198305499956692
15.41130.82799023352983947824971106198874669902335
15.61131.02799695682969341625006725198397729969568
15.81131.22799155232982933724995726199138149932076
161131.42799234592975381025015731198137849940025
16.21131.62799690702984097025005474198553409902830
16.41131.82799026322980725425004974199046229935751
16.61132.02799350062978846124969983198700129935006
16.81132.22799365962972698325007100198235099936596
171132.42799338642983470525000224199008419933864
17.21132.62799213252976397525010351198592139937888
17.41132.82799201342982664725007350198568299936695
17.61133.02799663292979965625015155198498829900107
17.81133.22799053562976576124962160198604059971612
181133.42799655322981382724996601198814029932424
18.21133.62799030282975876625005975198557379903028
18.41133.82799391802978441125013604198617959955745
18.61134.02799034742979322725007100198400709920035
18.81134.22799856802979144024972480199051209919440
191134.42798811322984201225009030198284709947337
19.21134.62799693692975906324989664199056179969369
19.41134.82799062972980172125014229198457269873166
19.61135.02799541522979620725009601198420549970715
19.81135.22798861712982411225005224198717019902731
AFD_200ms
Relative TimeMinSecTh_prec1Th_prec2Th_prec3Th_prec4Th_prec5
0207.4471026832929711908250580361977481510135834
0.2207.647105749322947547524758149196346969747057
0.412207.859103019162982918325059164198750809920977
0.612208.05998517712985335124753610199353499901444
0.812208.259102688432976308225224915199911189540086
1.012208.45997533522960779925633598197882109240017
1.212208.65996231843018180424948417201680699763782
1.424208.871957244529793823252891432005576410152092
1.624209.071972057429691634250714631993794010200806
1.824209.27193708982993389425016656199338549602687
2.024209.47198540372979397225090532203539709688423
2.224209.67198752322992258024859961203598559875232
2.436209.883996837229474589252024291952277510415458
2.6362010.08398814282974359624927021197794099550392
2.8362010.2831027285030172354248205311971724410074020
3.0362010.483101511782957586425137828196896439902780
3.2362010.68393252212989694125398341203998989497042
3.4482010.895996862129806509250540271978821010183890
3.6482011.09598871102997599824792303200888879671813
3.8482011.29599208283004404624926289197588469904266
4.0482011.495945585429576455257510571912699110300423
4.2482011.695100143492954311124824962199193379889365
4.462011.9071016748429475768251703191980506610266840
4.662012.107102507422972549724790567196569169787057
4.862012.307105976582952441324722349196387859918745
5.062012.5071000294029594791249742281992307410118868
5.262012.707100455002980842125012203200285099858026
5.4722012.919102833482988960425352345198877649405703
5.6722013.11997194562963854625532200197866279255836
5.8722013.31998198833023795525236935199875209886122
6.0722013.51999682222982187624788089198536539686728
6.2722013.719104066422945423624875938203601439781619
6.4842013.931104095253000392724906735195944019631707
6.6842014.131100093962943160324940632195382099561956
6.8842014.33199358502962539525485457205340919952410
7.0842014.531983678729046675248734931975637610449516
7.2842014.731100143023013664424856091198255069576859
7.4962014.943963599230133173253648472008326310165806
7.6962015.14397388862943197624943475198918429755449
7.8962015.343907515229891696251388341985603510151584
8.0962015.543100605063004092225135644204334519576227
8.3082015.75597376693014040524824432202205689986079
8.5082015.955991907529359189249807851977446510157897
8.7162016.163100654382962810424936311195951359821919
8.922016.367991924129559008249388612051742910416031
9.122016.567101405772962486025031131195780329859328
9.3322016.779103811472962021225232645197523279768543
9.5322016.979103685302963146924546583198757769821946
9.7322017.1791011821029576307248566841973961810118210
9.9322017.379102011132972564524856932198888589836787
10.1322017.57997776982964548025771888199302609434072
10.3442017.79197385463010999425041975195433409324492
10.5442017.991998622930091175248248052015462810118716
10.7442018.19198038142974265225105713199885199803814
10.9442018.39197685432976922325166418197192139950669
11.1442018.591999867929746070251841732016921010092416
11.3562018.803101527013006060824247234198085339755205
11.5562019.0031018348329623173249039981983709410266276
11.7562019.203971882429288928250172811938797910033403
11.9562019.4031002155530346265251284301987746610120943
12.1562019.60398738822976225525075285198571269905128
12.3682019.815101158832976818224801299204138869619195
12.5682020.015104350432976471924547197197437649838755
12.7682020.215100023402967581625221132199549999687696
12.9682020.4151008483829459650246407871977224410432591
13.1682020.615100749872975635925554543195564109934406
13.382020.82795734512987976725076479193125329954401
13.582021.027978696029410560250718401990512010399680
13.782021.2271025064029708640250387201977264010118160
13.982021.427105638012942300024853080196042959702801
14.182021.627104047772991764024965216199815469967339
14.3922021.83998875062977845324611113198246989937192
14.5922022.039101181602974176025270560199382409621360
14.7922022.23997686412963706525696494198021959238817
14.9922022.439100870572997959525027165199091019772354
15.1922022.639981106529995613251681941951277110045405
15.4042022.851996727630150182247691771966964110364642
15.6042023.05197624412954213624748506200504319985401
15.8122023.259100518192974146225021909197227629935900
16.0122023.459101846032982515624890177196902339869957
16.2122023.65998404072972427825694397202431239590492
16.4242023.871101000342935632925399103195874439321835
16.6242024.0711005528830000210248648891958047910386599
16.8242024.27198357543000401925102700197046269769520
17.0242024.471104338952979456824842608198409639837672
17.2242024.67198423102976127225371289197627349967292
17.4362024.88399025822995614124789576197223689836344
17.6362025.083103652642937376825151496201178859802294
17.8362025.283968905329315597247609141964310610434365
18.0362025.483986980930238711243598812007082010101650
18.2362025.68395298563001123525230685200908119982915
18.4482025.895976795829618435249165701994981210032851
18.6482026.09594381672992399225017395198607809906951
18.862026.30796876962975861725038970204021249555215
19.062026.50799345093006844924902504203657459984182
19.262026.707993623429464996252155381974748410326809
19.4722026.919101524982969564324776733196425179556266
19.6722027.11997205253042011125087898201365579886122
19.8722027.31995865622935574225034338200506519950818
20.0722027.519948759929936438251678021985275910232698
IOS_48ms
Relative TimeMinSecTh_prec1Th_prec2Th_prec3Th_prec4Th_prec5
03617.719992648729848395249540851985297410064354
0.0483617.767100164772991127325006653197566379809239
0.0963617.81599166312974989424998175198849129813333
0.163617.879996235829817893250442621985553410100724
0.2083617.92797851562983783724945259200526809922976
0.2563617.975100857662977373625007175196188889947605
0.3043618.02399207052976211625008445198414119989599
0.3523618.07198828532971767225087244199039299744632
0.43618.119991802329891821250016841990492210055773
0.4483618.16799538332979237824953708197694209884710
0.4963618.21599856522988809125067431199024399916786
0.5443618.26398863602972821724888740198418569955496
0.5923618.31197755973001521525058574198954069844439
0.643618.35999588222959983224897055199176449958822
0.6883618.407100052082973961925116523198724149936207
0.7363618.45599355862987575524976959198021749935586
0.7843618.503100033322980303224973837197307119865355
0.8323618.5511000500029601000249780002007900010005000
0.883618.59998690562981421124983204198071269938070
0.9283618.6471000541629809242249790401987282810074419
0.9763618.69597975912966876325114953199401699935586
1.0243618.74399364142994724724979040198728289867411
1.0723618.791100047912980737924977479197335889866794
1.123618.83998672052980862124978520198724149936207
1.1683618.88798672052994662324978520200794189867205
1.2163618.935100010412952031424968116197951649932068
1.2643618.98399384843009152225053263198079519869467
1.3123619.03199306202965393725033440198612419999583
1.363619.079993351629731567249717571986703310002499
1.4083619.12798672052987762224978520198034129936207
1.4563619.175100110482961889424993099197459299942006
1.5043619.22399328952993664424970196200037489863917
1.5523619.27199382772967680025121757198765559869261
1.63619.31999250412991297125019374198500829925041
1.6483619.367994553129836593249328941975292910083663
1.6963619.41597808832989368625003244199750439918642
1.7443619.46399530032965165424951625199060069883884
1.7923619.51198723473010030424991537198137329734272
1.843619.5591006414529503111249535661978362810064145
1.8883619.60798768762969969925141141198228229945945
1.9363619.65599287602992418024959800199954209928760
1.9843619.7031008009029618894249930991981497110011048
2.0323619.751100630982970681724950969199194209994172
2.083619.79997967752994225724974878198005249865766
2.1283619.847987049529818560249868491994806410008544
2.1763619.89598768762969969925141141199609609945945
2.2243619.94399229762990674725014168197770429785156
2.2723619.991994739829842194249375741975663710085556
2.323620.03999914692990550224944221199829399646936
2.3683620.087986473929801170251102451979846210071691
2.4163620.135100100052954677324852426198819409940970
2.4643620.18398758472983472625138519198898179944908
2.5123620.23199256602977698224952008198513219994588
2.563620.279100687552972351924964997198616559999791
2.6083620.32798731702989568425062664197463419804127
2.6563620.37598791432970651424939654199655409948228
2.7043620.42399200862996692824937995199090629920086
2.7523620.47199519642964856125018133198348189951964
2.83620.51999184363003082025071602196991169918436
2.8483620.56799451162976628525000917198211699945116
2.8963620.61597373172983348224999353200961659806376
2.9443620.6631000541629533230249790401980382510074419
2.9923620.71199351722994350424975918198703449866177
3.043620.7591007358029806758249769591980217410004583
3.0883620.80799370352946606925118616198740709799020
3.1363620.85598647393000812324972277199364319933723
3.1843620.9031004094829778977249648241973802810040948
3.2323620.95198888372994312424964129199159819957990
3.283620.99999461532963124825003524198923069946153
3.3283621.04798628902986455624967596197947529931861
3.3763621.09599382772981483225121757198765559938277
3.4243621.14398645332980054924971757199360159795551
3.4723621.191100118832969041224995184198166239942835
3.523621.23998663833001312424976438198707589866383
3.5683621.2871003448929759820248800341986279010034489
3.6163621.33599598622960292325037986198505589890696
3.6643621.38398071942990503525139568201669069945323
3.7123621.431993206829727232250370891958824610070013
3.763621.479100742092980862124909518198034129936207
3.8083621.52798713182975201624988932199497289940348
3.8563621.57599997912986144724964997198616559792899
3.9043621.62398616582986082525033440199991679930620
3.9523621.671994138429755117249224991960662010010422
43621.71998756412990316525137995198894039875641
4.0483621.76799244212984218424948892199866829924421
4.0963621.81599302592968733724929087198087989930259
4.163621.8791009229229585623250233541997720810023166
4.2083621.92798982622990100225089346197965259967000
4.2563621.97599080772986280625012698198161549838789
4.3043622.02399362072980862124978520197344119936207
4.3523622.071972778429873265249748782014548110003749
4.43622.119100744192987824424979040195968169798408
4.4483622.167986515029871399249733172000624810003124
4.4963622.21599384842967741925122280197389349662415
4.5443622.263999666929714238249572022006228110065611
4.5923622.31197980002980800024978000198720009936000
4.643622.3591007672929954112249847661967032710076729
4.