BANDAGING

BANDAGINGGracy C. Espino RN, MANBANDAGES: A strip of woven materials used to hold dressing in place.Purposes:To apply pressure over an area.To correct a deformity.To hold protective dressing & splints in place.To immobilize a body part.To provide support to a limb or joint.To prevent/ reduce edema.To supply or maintain body heat.Principles:S - SpeedC - Careful handlingA - AccuracyN - NeatnessSigns of improper Bandaging 1. Swelling 2. Numbness 3. Tingling sensation 4. Pallor/ Cyanosis 5. Pain

TYPES OF BANDAGES: ROLLER GAUZE

holds dressing in place does not stretch quite strong

TYPES OF BANDAGES: 2. ELASTIC BANDAGE Flexible and stretchable used in extremities, head or torso provide constant pressure over an area facilitate venous return

TYPES OF BANDAGES: 3. Triangular bandages It is primarily used as first aid device.Used to secure dressings on head/scalp Its principal use is for arm sling.Cravat or handkerchief

TYPES OF BANDAGES: 4. Tubular BandageTubular elastic stretch net applying gentle pressure to keep bandages Ideal for securing burn or post-op dressings Allows maximum air-flow.

UNROLLING A BANDAGE

One hand (non-dominant) is used to hold the free end of the bandage (tail) in place until it is anchored, while the other hand (dominant) slowly unrolls the needed length of bandage. In dominant the caput head of bandage is held, in non-dominant hand free ending (tail) is held. Head of bandage unrolls to the palm, opposite the thumb of dominant hand Put the free ending on the place where bandaging starts, make the first turn (circular), fold the corner of bandage and then continue with circular turn (make a lock).

11Dont unroll the entire bandage before wrapping; this can cause uneven pressure which interferes with blood circulation.METHODS OF APPLICATIONCIRCULAR WRAP Bandage turn overlapping previous turn completely. Secure a dressing or covers a small part (finger, toe)

METHODS OF APPLICATION2. SPIRAL WRAP used in covering a large area of a cylindrical part (wrist or upper arm); cone shaped body parts (forearm, arm, leg, & thigh)

METHODS OF APPLICATIONREVERSE SPIRAL covers cone shaped body parts such as forearm, thigh or calf.

METHODS OF APPLICATION4. FIGURE of 8 -used over a joint to provide easy flexion. (neck, armpit, chest); distal portion of extremities or a stump that has not been casted*.

Allows the joint to maintain its mobility without dislodging the bandage.16METHODS OF APPLICATION5. RECURRENT FOLD are used to cover distal parts of the body (the end of a finger, the head, or stump after amputation)

Basic rules of bandaging

Before applying a bandage, you need to know its purpose (whether to support or apply a pressure, etc.) and assess the area requiring support. Choose the width of the bandage according to the size of body partBasic rules of bandaging

Put the body part in its normal position, with the joint slightly flexed to promote circulation & prevent deformity & discomfort.

Basic rules of bandaging

Bandages should be applied snugly, but never so tightly that circulation is impeded or pain occurs. Apply bandage from distal area toward proximal boundary to promote venous return. Basic rules of bandaging

Check distal circulation periodically; too tight application may cause neurovascular damage.always leave the end of the body part exposed so that it is possible to assess the adequacy of the blood circulation to the extremity.*(signs of decreased circulation: cyanosis, pallor, coolness, numbness, tingling, swelling, absent or diminished pulses).

22Signs of decreased circulation: - cyanosis- pallor- coolness- numbness - tingling- swelling - absent or diminished pulses.

Basic rules of bandaging

The following turn must lie overlapping previous turn in its one-half to two-thirds. Every bandage has to be started and finished with basic circular turns. Avoid leaving gaps in layers, which may cause uneven pressure

Basic rules of bandaging

When bandaging an extremity, start bandaging at the distal end to aid the return flow of venous blood and to decrease the chance of edema or circulatory impairment. Basic rules of bandaging

If you need to use more bandages, put a new bandage 10 cm under free end of previous bandage and repeat the bandage or secure first bandage with tape before applying additional rolls. Apply additional rolls without leaving any uncovered skin surface. Secure last bandage applied.

Basic rules of bandagingFriction between skin surfaces (under arms, under breast) and over bony prominences can be prevented by padding these susceptible areas with gauze or cotton wool.

Basic rules of bandagingCover dressings with bandages at least 5 cm beyond the edges of the dressing to prevent the dressing and wound from becoming contaminated.

Basic rules of bandagingFace the patient when applying a bandage to maintain uniform tension and the appropriate direction of the bandage, keep contact with patient. Basic rules of bandagingBandages are fastened in place with adhesive tape, metal clips or making the knot. Particularly tapes and clips should be located away from the skin to avoid localized pressure and harming the skin.

Basic rules of bandagingChange the bandage at least once daily.Observe for allergic reaction.Basic rules of bandagingWork quickly and gently. Think about economy dont waste the material. Remember hand washing; wear gloves to prevent contact with body fluids.

33Any Questions?

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