Bandages

Saturday, March 28, 2015 1

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Types of bandage

3. Materials for bandage

4. Parameters affecting pressure

5. Bandaging technique

6. Major leading bandage manufacturing company

7. Innovation in bandaging

8. New challenges & scope

9. Result& conclusion

10. Bibliography


A bandage is a piece of material used either to support a medical

device such as a dressing or splint, or on its own to provide support to

the body; it can also be used to restrict a part of the body. During heavy

bleeding or following a poisonous bite, it is important to slow the flow

of blood; tight bandages accomplish this task very well. Bandages are

available in a wide range of types, from generic cloth strips to

specialized shaped bandages designed for a specific limb or part of the

body, although bandages can often be improvised as the situation

demands, using clothing, blankets or other material.

In colloquial American English, the word "bandage" is often used to

mean a dressing, which is used directly on a wound, whereas a bandage

is technically only used to support a dressing, and not directly on a

wound.3/28/2015 3

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dressing_(medical)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splint_(medicine)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_English

A History of BAND-AID Brand Innovation

1920 BAND-AID® Brand Adhesive Bandages make their first appearance on the market. They are made

by hand and are not a big hit. They were three inches wide and eighteen inches long. Only $3,000

worth were sold the first year.

1924 The little red string used to open BAND-AID® Brand Adhesive Bandages wrappers makes its first

appearance.

1938 Completely sterile bandages are introduced.

1942 Millions of adhesive bandages go overseas as part of the war effort

1951 Plastic strips are introduced.

1956 Decorative bandages are introduced - "Stars and Strips" (not Stripes).

1957 Clear Strips bandages are introduced.

1963 Adhesive bandages go into space with Mercury astronauts

1994 . BAND-AID® Brand SPORT STRIP® Adhesive Bandages are introduced

1997 Introduction of BAND-AID® Brand Antibiotic Adhesive Bandages, the first ever adhesive bandage to

have specially formulated antibiotic ointment right on the pad.

2000 BAND-AID® Brand Advanced Healing is the latest generation in wound care available to consumers.

2002 Introduction of a revolutionary new concept from BAND-AID® Brand – the Liquid Bandage that

promotes fast healing on contact.

2006 Re-launch of plus Antibiotic with new look and more line extensions.


BANDAGINGDefinition:

Bandaging is the process of covering a wound or an injured part.

Uses:

Bandages are used for following purposes:

To prevent contamination of wound by holding dressings in position.

To provide support to the part that is injured, dislocated joint.

To provide rest to the part that is injured.

To prevent & control hemorrhage.

To restrict movement / immobilize a fracture or a dislocation.

To correct deformity.

To maintain pressure e.g. elastic bandages applied to the improve venous return.


TYPES OF BANDAGE

Simple elastic bandages

Light support bandages

Compression bandage

Orthopedic bandage



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http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://www.admiralmed.com.au/images/TUBULAR BANDAGES.bmp&imgrefurl=http://www.admiralmed.com.au/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2_26&products_id=654&usg=__yjR6m5OTi4LrxIPQvc4w4E6s9BA=&h=180&w=160&sz=85&hl=en&start=16&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=gXZ8ly-dy0UYOM:&tbnh=101&tbnw=90&prev=/images?q=tubular+bandages&um=1&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1

• Roller bandages

– Various widths, lengths, and types of material

• Self-adhering, conforming bandages

– Elastic, gauzelike

• Gauze rollers

– Nonelastic cotton

• Elastic roller bandages

– Provide compression

• Triangular bandages

– Slings

– Cravats

• Adhesive tape and strips


PARTS OF ROLLAR BANDAGE:

• Head

• Free End or tail.


Following terms are used in roller

bandaging• Simple spiral

• Reverse spiral

• Figure of eight.

• Spica

1. Simple Spiral :

• This type of bandage is used for uniform thickness part i.e. wrist or

finger. Each turn of the bandage overlaps the previous turn.


2.Reverse Spiral:

• This bandage is used for the parts where the thickness varies e.g.

legs & forearms. It is applied in the same way as the general spiral

bandage, but each turn is reversed as necessary to prevent gaping &

to make the bandage smooth.

3.Figure of Eight:

• This bandage is used for elbow & knee joints. This bandage is made

by forming two loops or oblique turns over a joint. The turns

alternately ascend & descend to cover the part.

4.Spica:

• It is a form of the figure of eight bandage. The turn is larger than the

other. It is used for joints at right angles to the body, e.g. the

shoulder, groin, thumb.


GENERAL PRINCIPLES: -• Select a bandage of proper size & suitable material.

• Put the patient in a comfortable position.

• Support the injured area while bandaging.

• If a joint is involved, flex it slightly.

Face the patient while applying the bandage, except when

applying it to the head. Hold the roll of the bandage in the right

hand when applying bandage on the left side, Hold the bandage

with the roll uppermost & apply the outer surface to the skin,

unrolling a few centimeters of the bandage at a time.

Put some cotton wool on the part to be bandaged so that the

bandage does not slip or cause cutting into the skin underneath.

Bandage from below upward, & from within outward.Saturday, March 28, 2015 12

Steps of applying rollar bandage:

• Fixing

• Rolling

• Securing

Checking circulation after bandaging• Pressing nail

• Checking pulse

• Tingling, coldness, inability to move fingers


TYING THE BANDAGE

• For tying the bandage a ‘reef knot’ must be always

used.

• Knot should not cause discomfort.

• Tuck the loose ends of bandage out of sight


Elastic Bandages

• Gauze, cotton cloth, elastic wrapping

• Length and width vary and are used according to

body part and size

• Sizes ranges 2, 3, 4, 6 inch width and 6 or 10 yard

lengths

• Should be stored rolled

• Bandage selected should be free from wrinkles,

seams and imperfections that could cause irritation


Continue………

• Elastic bandages- extensible and very useful with

sports; active bandages allowing for movement; can

provide support and compression for wound healing


Elastic Bandage application

• Hold bandage in preferred hand with loose end

extending from bottom of roll

• Back surface of loose end should lay on skin surface

• Pressure and tension should be standardized

• Anchor are created by overlapping wrap

– Start anchor at smallest circumference of limb


Elastic bandages can be used to provide

support for a variety scenarios:

• Ankle and foot spica

• Spiral bandage (spica)

• Groin support

• Shoulder spica

• Elbow figure-eight

• Gauze hand and wrist

figure-eight

• Cloth ankle wrap


Triangle and Cravat Bandages

• Cotton cloth that can be substituted if roller bandages

not available

• First aid device, due to ease and speed of application

• Primarily used for arm slings

– Cervical arm sling

– Shoulder arm sling

– Sling and swathe


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Triangular Bandages

• Can be used as a cold compress or for padding when

they are made into a pad.

• When folded up they can be used to provide support

or pressure.

• When unfolded they can be used as a support sling or

cover bandage.


• Parts of Triangularlar Bandage

POINT

END (BASE) END


Applying a Cravat Bandage to the Head

• Place middle of bandage

over the dressing and

wrap around the head.


• Wrap center of bandage

over the dressing.

• Turn one end going up the

extremity and the other end

going down.

• Tie bandage over dressing.


–Cross the two ends

snugly.

–Bring ends back

around and tie knot.


Applying an Adhesive Strip

• Remove wrapping, and

hold by protective strips.

• Peel back protective

strips, and place on

wound.

• Pull away protective

strips, and press ends and

edges down.


Classification of Compression

Bandages

Sr . No. Bandage type Selected names

Pressure (mm Hg)

1 Light compression 3A J-Plus, K-Crepe Upto 20

2 Moderate compression3B Setopress, Surepress

21-30

3 High compression 3C Tensopress 31-40

4 Extra high compression 3D Blue Line Webbing 41-60


SIZES OF BANDAGE:

• The size of the bandage varies according to the part it is supposed

to bandage

Part to be Bandaged Width(Cm) Length (Mts)

Head

Trunk

Leg

Arm

Fingers

Hand

Wrist

5

10 to 15

6 to 8

5 to 6

2.5

5

5

4 to 6

6 to 8

4

3 to 4

2

3

3Saturday, March 28, 2015 27

MATERIALS COMMONLY USED FOR BANDAGES:

Cotton

Cotton Gauze

Jute

Wool

Special materials like crape bandage, elastic

bandage.



Type of bandage

Fibres used Type of process

Light support bandages

Simple elastic bandages

Compression bandages

Orthopedic bandage

W,K

W,K

W, NW

W,KCotton, Viscose, Polyamide, Elastomeric yarns

Cotton, Viscose, Elastomeric yarns

Cotton, Viscose, Polyamide, Elastomeric yarns

Cotton, Viscose, Polyester, Polypropylene, polyurethane forms

Parameters affecting Pressure

1. .


Bandaging Technique


Circular Spiral Herring Bone

Recurrent TurnHeel Lock

Major leading bandage manufacturing

company


Innovation in Bandaging1. The new bandage, called the Emergency Bandage,

was developed by First Care Products,

• American forces are now using an advanced newbandage, developed in Israel, that can save lives bystopping traumatic hemorrhaging wounds.

2. ProGuide* is a multi-layer compression bandage forvenous leg ulcers and associated conditions.

• ProGuide offers the following benefits:

• All the advantages of Vari-stretch compression

• The effective level of compression is consistentlyachieved

• Sustained compression for up to 7 days

• Innovative layer system

• ProGuide 18-22cm 22-28cm 28-32cm


Continue…….3 . An Inject able Bandage Can Stop Heavy Bleeding in 15

Seconds

New technology developed for the military has the potential to

save soldiers from fatal gunshot wounds.

For that, Steinbaugh credits students at Harvey Mudd

College, who worked with RevMedX to fabricate a spongy

material that’s coated with an antimicrobial clotting agent

called chitosan. As the sponges soak up blood and

expand within the wound, they clump together, becoming one

firm mass that prevents excessive bleeding while

simultaneously accelerating the clotting process. Additionally,

the sponges are individually marked with an "X" symbol that’s

visible under x-rays, making it easy for the surgeons to locate

and remove them.Saturday, March 28, 2015 35

http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-625-CHITOSAN.aspx?activeIngredientId=625&activeIngredientName=CHITOSAN

4. HERO H-2 is a two-layer compression bandage system,designed for venous and mixed aetiology ulcers. It consists ofa unique moisturising and odour reducing cohesivecompression foam layer and an inelastic cohesive compressionbandage which lock together to be more secure………acompletely fresh approach to compression bandaging!

• Layer 1 consists of a gentle, conformable cohesive absorbentfoam bandage which contains pure Aloe with moisturisingproperties to reduce the dry skin associated with chronicvenous ulcers and cyclodextrin to help bind odour and give offa fresh scent.

•Layer 2 is a unique, hand tearable, light tan, inelastic cohesivebandage designed to produce graduated, therapeuticallyeffective compression. The two layers lock together tomaintain compression and reduce slippage.


Continue…….

5. Quick and easy grip-pull-stick system makes bandage application a

snap - with less mess and no loose tabs.

• One handed application minimizes contamination risk.

• Easy Access Bandages™ are secured in portable packs organized by

size. Packs stay organized, are easy to find and slip easily into a purse

or pocket without damage to the bandages.Simplify Your Life

• Easy one-handed application

• Easy to find - packs organized by size

• Easy to carry - bandages secured in portable packs

• Less mess - no loose tabs

• Less contamination risk

• Latex free

• Sterile


Bandage Dress


New new challenges & scope

Self pressure maintain bandage

research on bandage for hot and humid weather

conditions.

Effect of body fat, age, sex and race on the interface

pressure development not understood.

More techno economical afford to produce better

quality with cheap price.

Made in India


Result& conclusion

• With correct compression therapy it is possible to heal more

than 90% of leg ulcers.

• If improper and widely varying pressure is applied by

inexperienced doctor or nurse that may lead to amputation of

leg

• So correct pressure profiling of bandage is extremely

important for effective treatment

• High scope of research

• Better standards for research institutes


• Timing is the difference between life and death.

The time you take to apply a bandage

is important.

Or


Bibiliography

• Monica Puri Sikka*, Subrato Ghosh, ArunangshuMukhopadhyay (2013 ),Geometry of the bandagingprocedure and its application while wrapping bandages fortreatment of leg ulcers, 2013, 6, 1186-1190http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2013.612148

• S rajendran & s c anand contribution of textile to meticaltextile and health care products and developing innovativeproduct IJFTR vol no. 31 march 2006 pp. 215-229

• Geest, A.J., Veraart, J.C.J.M., Nelesmans, P., “The effect ofmedical elastic compression stockings with different slopevalues on edema”, Dermatol Surgery, 2000, 26, pp. 244-47

• Morton, W.E., Hearle, W.S., PhysicalProperties of TextileFibers, 1993, the Textile Institute, Manchester

• www.slideshare.com


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Bandages

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