1. bamboo construction practical experience with natural buidling Juan Carlos Gaviria Moreno & Max Verhoeven 2. why bamboo building? Sustainable? co2 sequestering reduction soil erosion temperature reduction water regulation (dry/wet seasons) fast growing time low use of nutrients low primary energy Source:Minke,G.(2012) 3. why bamboo building? Safe? earthquake proof build light relative high strengh Source:Minke,G.(2012) 4. why bamboo building? economic? low cost (if localy produced) creation of local jobs (extra) income for farmers Source:Kant,Shashi,andMarianChiu,2000 5. bamboo architecture traditional 6. bamboo architecture traditional 7. bamboo architecture Simn Vlez The temporary Cathedral in structural bamboo (guadua) at Pereira, Colombia, 1999Expo 2000 pavilion Hanover for the ZERI. First constructed in Colombia. 8. bamboo architecture 24H architecture 24H-architecture, Bamboo Manta Ray, Koh Kood, Thailand 9. bamboo architecture 24H architecture 24H-architecture, Bamboo Manta Ray, Koh Kood, Thailand 10. bamboo architecture Agora Architects Temporary dormitories for Mae Tao Clinic, Mae Sot, Thailand 11. bamboo architecture Andrea Fitrianto Andrea Fitrianto 12. bamboo architecture BAMB SOCIAL 13. what is bamboo? main properties plant composition types of roots bers where is bamboo? types of bamboo mechanical properties bamboo and wood uses of bamboo 14. main properties grass grows appr. 60 cm/day more than 1300 spices Source:McClure,1966 15. plant composition three elements: nodes internodes wall bres only in one direction light strongest natural bre in the world Silica in outer layer (silicium dioxide) Nelli Silva et al., 2006 Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014) 16. a bamboo plant reproduces by its roots in 3 classes: 1. in a bunch 2. 1-3 meters seperated (guadua) 3. runners large seperations types of roots 17. bres 1 year old 12 years old 18. where is bamboo? 37 million hectares Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014) 19. types of bamboo More than 1300 species Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014) 20. Guadua Angustifolia Kunth Most used for construction in Colombia: The king of bamboo Thick walls, strong bers Not very conical Protected by spines New shoots 3m from mother culm Flowering in Nicaragua 21. mechanical properties Guadua PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GUADUA MINIMUM VALUE AVERAGE VALUE MAXIMUM VALUE Basic density outside [kg/m3] - 581 - Density dried outside [kg/m3] - 522 - Compression parallel to bre [N/mm2] 20.7 43.9 83.7 Tension parallel to bre [N/mm2] 35.2 53.5 170 Flexion [N/mm2] 4.9 37.5 110.5 Modulus of elasticity longtudinal compression [N/mm2] 1080 2190 9080 For Guadua a lot of information is available, but for th evast majority of bamboo species there is no systematic information available. We advise you to test the local bamboo specie. 22. safety of bamboo Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014) 23. bamboo and wood vs family: grass Wood (Oak) bres: 1 direction 2 directions time to grow: 3-7 years 50 100 years regeneration: grows itself back replant 24. bamboo and wood shrinking Bamboo shrinks more then wood when it loses water. The canes can tear apart the nodes. Bamboo shrinks in the cross section ca. 10-16%. In the wall thickness ca. 15-17%. The longitudinal shrinkage is much less. source: www.bambusnewengreportsbuildingmaterialbuildingmaterial.html 25. the mystery of owering Small species: every 3-4 years and they live after the owering Large species: every 20/30/80/120 years, all the plants in a region ower together and the culms die o after the owering. This is called: Gregorian Flowering 26. uses of bamboo Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014) 27. Before building is (the right) bamboo available locally? is the bamboo accessable? facilities for a method of treatment. 28. Before building Selection of species Planting and harvesting (startup 7 yrs) Cutting (when and how) Treatment (natural/chemical) Dry (2-3 months) Processing (f.e. laminated bamboo) 29. selecting bamboo 30. which bamboo to choose? 31. cutting bamboo 32. cutting bamboo wrong right 33. cleaning bamboo 34. treating bamboo 35. drying bamboo Image right: 24H architecture 36. processing bamboo 37. Building with bamboo Principles design principles gathering information location fundation columns prefabricated elements assemblage details nishing 38. design with bamboo like a mexican to protect the bamboo from: rain sun termites Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014) 39. no hat nor boots 40. gathering information 41. design 42. location 43. foundation details 44. foundation 45. foundation 46. columns 47. columns 48. prefabricated elements 49. prefabricated elements 50. assemblage 51. assemblage 52. connections 53. details 54. details 55. details 56. details 57. details 58. the roof 59. the roof 60. the roof 61. nishing 62. nishing 63. nishing 64. nishing 65. end results 66. end results 67. thank you 68. references Books/Articles/Reports: Guaduabamboo (2014). The reality about building with bamboo. http://www.guaduabamboo.com/blog/the-realityabout-building-with-bamboo. Jules Janssen, designing and building with bamboo: http://www.inbar.int/publications/?did=58 Gaviria Moreno, J.C., et. al. (2015), BAMB SOCIAL, un manual de construccin sostenible con bamb. Minke, G. (2012). Building with Bamboo: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. van Lengen, J (1981). Barefoot Architect. Mexico. Liese et al. (2002). Preservation of bamboo for the construction of houses for low income people. Universitt Hamburg, Duitsland. van der Lugt, P. (2003). Bamboe als alternatief bouwmateriaal in West-Europa?. Delft. Shortsighted Architecture (2013). Projectplan Shortsighted El Rama. Delft. Nienhuys, S. (2012). Thin Bamboo Culms or TrussesUse of Two and Three Culms in Composite Beams. Kant, Shashi, and Marian Chiu. "Bamboo sector reforms and the local economy of Linan County, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China."Forest Policy and Economics1.3 (2000): 283-299 Websites: www.bambus-conbam.de www.abari.org www.bamboocentral.org www.inbar.int (free technical reports) www.guaduabamboo.com ! www.bambus.rwth-aachen.de/eng/index.htm l www.tibarose.com www.pindorama.org 69. architects Simn Vlez 24H-architecture Gernot Minke Shigeru Ban TYIN tegnestue Architects Agora Architects Ibuku Vo Trong Nghia Architects