Balancing Reservoirs
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Transcript of Balancing Reservoirs
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BALANCING RESERVOIR
PRESENTED BY-YOGESH KUMAR
ENROLL. NO-12512030
M.TECH(AHES)
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1. Introduction
2. Reservoir and its types.
-Service reservoir
-Balancing Reservoir
3. Purpose of Balancing Reservoir.4. Dependency of Balancing Reservoir.
5. How to fix capacity of Balancing Reservoir.
6. Mass Curve Method.
7. Steps required for Mass Curve MethoD8. Examples for Mass Curve Method.
10. Precautions needed during construction ofBalancing Reservoir.
11. Conclusion.
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Reservoir are the most important and expensive
elements in any hydro power plant.
So, one needs to optimize its design (or capacity)
carefully ,
to avoid the future problems.
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Service Reservoir-
When supply from the source is not continuousfor all the 24 hours ,then supply from the source isstored in a storage reservoir (whenever it is
available) and then supplied to the consumersaccording to the schedule.
Balancing Reservoir-
When the supply from the source is continuousfor all the 24 hours, then during the lean demand
period excess supply from the source is stored in thestorage reservoir and during peak demand period ,water from this source as well as from the storagereservoir is used to meet the required demand.
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The quantity of water required to be stored in thereservoir for equalising or balancing fluctuating
demand against constant supply is known as the
balancing reservoir.
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The main purpose is to store the water during offpeak hours to supply the same during peak hours and
so meeting variable power demand.
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Water Supply Fluctuation
- Seasonal fluctuation
Demand Fluctuation
-Seasonal
-Daily
-Hourly
Effect of flow fluctuations on system design
-Size of balancing reservoirs
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Variable supply
Variable demand
Analyze historic record to search for worst
case conditionsUse same Mass Balance analysis
Include variable demand analysis
It must be designed for daily or hourlyfluctuations.
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Prepare mass inflow curve:
- for all 24 hours for typical days.
(maximum , average and minimum)
Prepare mass curve for demand accordingly.
Superimpose both curve on the same scale.
Take the max difference between demand andsupply discharge as the capacity of the balancing
reservoir
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Available discharge (during lean season) = 5 m^3/s
Available Head = 110m Overall Efficiency = 0.8
Demand Required:-
Hours (Demand)Load(MW)
0-8 1
8-10 2
10-15 5
15-21 10
21-24 1.2
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Hour (Demand)
Load(MW)
Discharge
(m3/s)
Discharge
(m3)
Cumulative
demanddischarge
(m3)
0-8 1 1.158 33350 33350
8-10 2 2.32 16680 50030
10-15 5 5.80 104400 154430
15-21 10 11.58 250210 404640
21-24 1.2 1.4 15120 419760
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Available discharge (during lean season) = 5 m^3/s
i.e. = 18000m^3/hr
Hour(hr) Available
discharge(m3)
Cumulative available
discharge(m3)
Cumulative
demand(m3)
0-8 144000 144000 33350
8-10 36000 180000 50030
10-15 90000 270000 154430
15-21 108000 378000 404640
21-24 54000 432000 419760
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0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
450000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
CUMULATIVE
DEMAND (m3)
AVAILABLE CUMULATIVE
DISCHARGE (m3)
TIME (HOURS)
DISCHARGEVOLUME(m3)
Determination of reservoircapacity
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Calculation for Reservoir Capacity
From the table ,
during 8-10 hours ,
Required Demand = 50030 cubic meter
But, actual available = 180000 cubic meter
Therefore ,
required reservoir volume = 180000 - 50030= 129970 cubicmeter
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Inner surface of Balancing Reservoir being in contact
with water should be lined to prevent seepage loss.
Spilling arrangements should be there.
Some preventive measures in form of excluder and
desilting
chamber are used to avoid the problem of silt .
Location of balancing reservoir.
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Used in isolated type hydro power plant.
Capacity(or size) of balancing reservoir depends on :
-variable supply and variable demand.
But economic comparison is also necessary to
determine optimum storage capacity by adding cost
of reservoirs and pipelines.
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http://www.thewatertreatments.com/water/service-
reservoirs-function-type-volume
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-
KANPUR/wasteWater/Lecture%2014.htm
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-KANPUR/wasteWater/mass%20curve%20method.htm
o5-reservoirs:-
http://www.slidefinder.net/r/reservoirs_balancing_supply_demand/23826463
Irrigation and water power engineering(B.C.Punmia &
P.B.Basi Lal).
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THANK YOU