AR 344

BAHAY NA BATO

SUBMITTED BY:

KRISTINE MAE PALAO

BS ARCH 3-B

SUBMITTED TO:

ARCHT. MA. THERESA AUSTRIA

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 (PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE)Deadline: December 20, 2013

I- INTRODUCTION

The history and culture of the Philippines are reflected in its architectural heritage, in the dwellings of its various peoples, in mosques and churches, and in buildings that have risen in response to the demands of progress and the aspirations of a people. Houses and monuments from Batanes to Tawi-Tawi do not only represent different cultures and periods in Philippine history; they also constitute the Filipino’s creative response to the problems posed by the geography and climate of the archipelago.

This research shows the different styles that emerge in a particular period. Also this will provide as a guideline to study the Bahay na Bato. This research will show the different building that were built in the different era and also shows the differences of each building in each period. You may learn also the different construction material that was used and the different constructive principle and the construction technologies. This research will differentiate one architectural style from the other. This applies to a range of styles of recently built structures and space which are optimized for current use.

II- Content

a. Definition of Terms

Bahay na Bato – a permanent house made of stone for ground flr.& wood for 2nd flr. It was patterned after the stone- constructed, huge antillan house”. It is an improved version of bahay kubo in terms of materials & space allocations. The old houses are as unique as the families that lived under their roofs and there are a wide range of styles between the bahay kubo and the mansions of the hacenderos. There are also some regional differences but they all have some features in common.  Typically raised or two-story, the main living area is on the upper level.  To take advantage of cooling breezes, large windows surround the upper floor.  The window sashes commonly have capiz shell panes and can be opened wide or closed for privacy or in stormy weather.  Vents above the windows, protected by the roof eaves, let air in even when it's rainy.  Small shuttered windows below the large windows, called ventanillas, are screened with balusters or grillwork and can be left opened when the large windows are closed such as at night.

b. Styles of Bahay na Bato

Geometric Style

Floral Style

c. Parts of Bahay na Bato

PARTS FROM GROUND FLOOR ;

a. ZAGUAN – where wine carriages & saint’s floats are usually kept.

b. CUADRA – horse table

c. BODEGA – a storage room for keeping old furniture & palay bins.

d. ENTRESUELO – a mezzanine elevated 1.0 mt. Above the ground usually located on the floor of the masters bedroom right underneath his bed.

e. PATIO – an enclosed courtyard open to the sky & adjacent to Zaguan

SECOND FLOOR;a. CEREMONIAL STAIRS – 1st 3 steps made of stone concrete then

succeeding steps made of wood.

b. CAIDA – an antesala, an all purpose rm. For dining, sewing, & dancing.

c. SALA – a living room.

d. COMEDOR – dining room.

e. COCINA– kitchen w/c sometimes built separately but connected to the house

f. DISPENSA – use as a food storage, adjacent to kitchen.

g. BANO or paliguan – bathroom separately from the toilet.

h. OROTARIO – the family gathers in the orotario every night to pray the Angelus and the Rosary. Large Santos (religious icons) kept in the glass cabinets are often found in the homes of prominent families.

i. CUARTO – sleeping area.

j. AZOTEA – open terrace open to the toilet, use for laundry drying space.

k. BALCON – overhang balcony, overlooking the streets.

l. ALJIBE – cistern storage of collected rainwater, underneath azotea.

Spanish-Filipino House.Transverse Section

A. Continuous postB. Brick or stone wallC. Floor girderD. Floor joistE. Wooden flooringF. Roof girderG. Roof trussH. Roof purlinsI. WindowJ. Ventanilla

Floor Plan of Bahay na Bato:

Transverse Elevation of Bahay na Bato:

Elements in Bahay na Bato:

Media Agua

Volada

Ventanilla

Persiana

Metal fasteners/strips

Examples of Bahay na Bato:

Casa Gorordo, Cebu CityThe wooden posts of this recently restored building stand about0.30 m clear from the enclosing stone wall. This device allows the entire wooden structure to sway back and forth during an earthquake.

Dona Gliceria Marella Villavicencio ResidenceTaal, Batangas, Phlippines

Stone House in Bustos, BulacanThe builders of Bulacan houses eliminated the ventanilla and extended the stone pillars up to the roof, all richly decorated.

The Donato Residence at Vigan, llocos Norte. Spanish-Filipino house in brick.

Bahay na Bato – Constantino House

Heritage HousesVigan, Ilocus Sur

III- REFERENCES

BOOK SOURCE PHOTO OF REFERENCES

ARCHITECTUREIN THE PHILIPPINESFilipino Building in a cross- cultural contextby WINAND KLASSENCopyright © 1986University of San CarlosISBN 971-100-048-2 pbISBN 971-100-049-0 hbPrinted by Clavano PrintersCebu City, Philippines

Internet www.scribd.com

http://historyofarchitecture.weebly.com/bahay-na-bato.html

Internet

http://www.scribd.com/doc/187254745/Filipino-Architecture

Internet

http://www.scribd.com/doc/28427065/Philippine-Spanish-Interior-Design#download

Internet

http://www.scribd.com/doc/47838380/BAHAY-NA-BATO

Internet