Method 1611: Enterococci in Water by TaqMan® Quantitative ...
Bacteria in the Hudson River Enterococci as microbial indicators of pathogens.
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Transcript of Bacteria in the Hudson River Enterococci as microbial indicators of pathogens.
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Bacteria in the Hudson River
Enterococci as microbial indicators of pathogens
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Where does bacteria come from?
•Untreated wastewater (CSOs)•Improper boat waste disposal•Animal and wildlife waste•Stormwater runoff
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• Bacteria from the intestines of humans and other warm-blooded animals
• Used by the EPA as federal standard to indicate presence of pathogens
• Pathogens indicated by presence of enterococci can cause gastrointestinal disease in humans
Enterococci
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Sewage
•NYC sewer system- 6000 miles of sewer pipes
•14 water treatment plants throughout NYC
•NYC produces ~1.4 billion gallons of wastewater per day
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North River Wastewater
Treatment Plant
Capacity: 170 million gallons
per day
125 mgd, dry weather
340 mgd, wet weather
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Combined Sewer Overflow
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•Combined sewer system (CSS)=
combination of street drains and household and industrial wastewater
•494 outfalls in New York City•EPA: CSO Control Policy
– separate underground pipes for sewage and stormwater
– keep combined pipes, increase capacity
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Outfall at West 129th Street
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Water Quality Standards
• EPA enterococci standards – In Marine waters for bathing, 35
CFU/100mL– Ingestion of contaminated shellfish
or surface water can cause gastrointestinal disease
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EnterolertNew method of testing enterococci by
IdexxLaboratories using a nutrient indicator
thatfluoresces when metabolized by the
bacteria
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ColilertSimilar technology in which nutrient indicator turns yellow when metabolized by coliforms, and flouresces when metabolized by E.Coli.
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Other Measurements• Precipitation, turbidity,
temperature, tides, suspended matter, organic/inorganic matter, and salinity are monitored along with enterococci, total coliform, and E.Coli.