Babylon and Egypt. Amorites established Babylon near the modern border of Syria and Iraq Hammurabi...
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Transcript of Babylon and Egypt. Amorites established Babylon near the modern border of Syria and Iraq Hammurabi...
Babylon
• Amorites established Babylon near the modern border of Syria and Iraq
• Hammurabi was king there
• Israelites captured and in exile in Babylon +/- 70 years
Stele
• Stele of Hammurabi records a complex legal code
• Resembles laws in the Mosaic Torah
• It was basalt slab almost eight feet tall
Tel
• High, isolated mounds that dot the Near Eastern landscape. They indicated the sites of long-term human occupation, with a series of towns built successively atop one another
Egypt
• Egypt’s unique geographical features allowed it to develop independently of most foreign influence.
• It was bordered by arid deserts on east and west, rugged terrain to the south
Battle of Megiddo• 1490 BCE, Egyptian
forces defeated a coalition of more than 100 Syrian and Canaanite city-states.
• The battle lends its modern name “Armageddon” to a place where there is a cosmic battle between good and evil
Hieroglyphics
• Egyptian system of writing in pictorial characters
• Developed at roughly the same time as cuneiform script in Mesopotamia
Israel established in Canaan by late 1200s BCE
• Earliest known reference to Israel as a distinct people appears on a victory inscription of Merneptah, the son of Rameses II.
Rosetta Stone• A large flat slab of basalt
inscribed with the same message in three different scripts
• It was not translated until the 19th century CE
• Today’s scholars have found many parallels between Egyptian literature and biblical texts, including Proverbs, Job, and Wisdom writings.
Egyptian and Israelite Similarities• “divine righteousness”—justice, truth, and good
conduct• Temples, windowless sanctuaries—similarly Israel
built the Ark of the Covenant• Temple rituals in both• Circumcision• Surgical removal of foreskin from the penis• This was an ancient Egyptian rite adopted and
perpetuated by the Israelites