BA-41

Trentham

Architectural Survey File

This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse-

chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National

Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation

such as photographs and maps.

Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site

architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at

the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft

versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a

thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research

project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.

All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.

Last Updated: 05-17-2012

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2ALTL-J(S5i COvSW fron r»' MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST ~ ^

BA-41

INVENTORY FORM FOR STATE HISTORIC SITES SURVEY

UjHAME >• hisTomc Iren+K'vn (main house and iRimoriiate c i u ? t ~ r iuVcuildir:.:

AND/OR COMMON

o i l o r - 4 r f T O M

STRfeEl Si NUMBER sina P i Cavaock J.an3«' soutn r>:

CITY. TOWN

Garr i son STATfc

CONGH'-SSItJivAt DiS'B1

VICINITY Of 2rvi G3r.grTess1e.rtal/ 2nd Coitrtc\ Imanic Dis~! COUNTY

n A Q n 1 FT p A rt_T; ON

CATEGORY _ D : S T U : C T

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_STRUCTUP.E

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OWNERSHIP _ C U E U C

i-PRIVAIC

_ I O T H

PUBLIC ACQUISITION _ J N PROCESS

__F.t!NG CONSIDERED

STATUS • -̂OCCUPIED

UN0CCUp!ED

—WORK iN PROGRESS

ACCESS'S LE i ^YES RESTRIC ED

_ Y E S : UMREST'tlCTED

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PRESENT US E _AGmCULTUR: • „ M U i s U M

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„EDUCATiONAL ^ L f i i i . VIF Rf.SI'

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„ 6 0 V E R N M i t . ' T _SCIE viiFlC

_ l f lDUSTRIAt „,T«V> iSPORTAI

Mit.lTAHY OTh'R

_:.! :OWNER OF PROPERTY Queen Anne V i l l a g e / NAME ilalph B. DeChiaro Sn te rpr i ses - , Inc., Telephone

:TREF.T a NUMBER

I-.JO 1 £.'. 'iun T. ft t r&ri )

CITY. TOWN TATE , z i p c o d e __ VICINITY Or

(^LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSt-, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, =TC

Joiinty ^o-jrts P u i l d i n g L i b e r # : F o l i o #:

STREET fc KUMfaER

01 '•"iosle'v Averi CITY.TOWN

J-fiKSSEL Sl AT t

Kin REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS r ~

DATE I

FEDERAL ESTATE _COUNTY _.XOCAL

DEPOSITORY FOR *&*€&JlA//> *'/Jr<?'/•'/CVZ T^ UfT SURVEY RECORDS 21 - t a t ? . C i r c l e

CITY. TOWN STATE

Ann t n o l i s

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M DESCRIPTION BA-41

CONDITION CHrCKONZ CHECK ONE

— EXCELLENT —DETERIORATED _ l u h ALTERED ZlORIGINAL SITE

X—GOOD —RUINS —ALTERED _ M O V E D DATE

_FAIR —UNEXPOSED

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KC OWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Trenthan c l u s t e r contains r. mansion anc s ix outbui ld ings , now enclosed

by the various ux.its of Queen Anne Apartments. Beyond the c l u s t e r are a number of barns, stone tenant houses, and a blacksnith shop, formerly pa r t of the Cradock es ta te but beyond the scope of t h i s r epo r t .

1* Trentham Mansion. This i s a large I t a l i a r . a te Federal house b u i l t in 1161. The main block i r three s t o r i e s high, five bays vd.de, bui! t of stone oovero<' with yellow stucco. / porch runs the ful l width oi the house, and i t s eiuare DO'ts are decorated with s c r o l l s . :±ne center door i s a so l id , double tyne, flar>od with s ide l igh t s and trpped with trancems. The mair block i s two bays O.eeo^ and ••he western bay i s composed of s ta i r - landing windcvrs se t between s t o r i e s . The i t v c windows are small and rec tangular , set in p l a in frames, Two ins ide chimney s r i s e through the hip roof. A p l a i n but heavy cornice surrounds the main block.

The rear winy forms an 1, and on the north i s four boys deep, a continuation of the north wall of the .main block; t h i s r ea r extension i s two s t o r i e s h i rh .

A two—story, pjtllerv runs along the rear well of the main block and the south wall of the "L." I t i s supported by square posts with square capi ta l on the outside and by p i l a s t e r s along the house wal l s . The second storv deck -• r: b u i l t at two levt 1 R and i s enclosed by a pat terned wooden r a i l i n g .

The fall—sizec windows of f i r s t and second storj.es ere suaplj d v/ith b l inds (cr shu t t e r s ) . 7'indows are mostly double-hung ear h types with o-on-o l i g h t s , 'he small rectanguleT a t t i c windows contain single l i g h t s . The house was measured a t 26 by S2 in the 1918 tax ledger (f. 23Z) .

2. Path House. Trontham's octagonal bath house i s the sane as i t was in t i e 1831 drawing in Scharf' s History of Baltimore C_~lZ and County (opposite a. r / l x ' and as i t was in a photo published in Arch-kt.ee turni kcview, January 1909 ( h b : l ) . Kiss Catherine Cradock in a 1949 interview claimed a cons t ruct ion date of 1750, but the 1964 Careen Tour Book (p. 14) pieced construct ion a t 1810-19. The s t r i c t u r e i s not found on the 1793 tax l i s t . The lower s tory i s stone, end a fanciful shingled roof and cupola i s set upon i t . The i n t e r i o r framing i s an elaborate construct ion of timbers pinned together . The two mahogany "tubs a~e 7 feet long, 3 fee t wide, and 2 feet deep, mace of Nicaraguan mahogany. V.'a~er had to be car r ied to the tubs from the spring house. Miss Catherine Cradock stated in 1949 tha t the pavi l ion had not been used since the new house was t U i l t in 1861. The tuba had once been moved in to the main house but there was d i f f i cu l t ; with the plumbing.

3. T ' i lk House OT "Dairy. The low spring house se t in the ground northwest of the mansion i s apparently the stone milk house, 12 by 12 f e e t , found on the 1793 tax l i s t .

(See Continuation Sheet, Item 7, Page l )

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM 7 Page 1 Trentham

it. Frame Lwelling. A two-story tenant house built in vertical brrrd and batten and painted a bright green stands directly behi.nc the msin house > ;i south of the milk house. 11 is provided with windows that were not shown in the 1831 drawing in Scharffs county history.

5. Stone and Wood Barn. This outbuilding consists of a lower story of stone and and upper story of logs.

6. Stone Shed. Possibly the meat house called for in 1?18 tax list.

7. Stone Building. A long stone building with a plain gable roof stand south of the main house.

8. «Vall. An ornamental wall vdth corner posts ard gate posts runs along both sides of the drive into the farm cluster and forrrs the north border of the lawn and terraces of the mansion.

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Approximation of Layout , Trentham Bui ld ings

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM 9 Page 1 TREITKAH

Robert McDowell, "Tale of Two Tubs , " Sun Magazine, March 6 , 19l>9.

Kathryn Geraghty, "Trentham: A n t i q u a r i a n ' s D e l i g h t , " Sun Magazine, March 3 , 1963 .

I s o b e l Eavidson, Pea l S t o r i e s from Balt imore Count?.' H i s t o r y ( B a l t i m o r e , 1917) , p p . . 7 6 , 77, 78 .

INSIGNIFICANCE %pt^\\

^ ^

PERIOD

_ P R O ' H illC

— K f . ' 429

_ 1 S ' . ,699

_ ! • J 1699

X_1 ,-0C :799

^?Ll800-1B99

— 1900-

AHEAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW

ARCHEOLOG ."-PREHISTORIC

_ARCHEOLOG '-HISTORIC

AGRICULTURE

2LARCHITECTU.IE

ART

—COMMERCE

—COMMUNICATIONS

..COMMUNITY PLANNING

—CONSERVATION

—ECONOMICS

_EOUCATION

-ENGINEERING

—EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT

—INDUSTRY

INVENTION

_LANDSCAPL ARCHITECTURE

—LAW

— LITERATURE

—MILITARY

MUSIC

PHILOSOPHY

—POLITICS/GOVERNMENT

— RELIGION

—SCIENCE

_SCULPTUR

SOCIAL/HU UANITARIAN

—THEATER

TRANSPORTATION

_OTHER (SPECIFY!

^ ^

^ I

SPECIFIC DATES iiansion i f i n o l

BUILDER/ARCHITECT O t KTK

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

The outbuilding!? at Trenthara are older than t IG mansion and much history i associated with tho site, although the physical remains may in most cases see to have been put up since the gathering of the 179& tax list. The Trenthan f belonged to Captain John Risteau, high Sheriff o? Baltimore County, and in 1? Risteau made a present of the 170-acre estate to his daughter Catherine./ Kath unoh her marriage *.o the Rev. Thomas Cradock, first rector of I u o i-ilO: las Church

in Garrison Forest (Deed of Gift. T3 ho. 270), The tract name of the

chbisnop

oe r to

land Was George's Jeginnlng, o r ig ina l ly surveyed for George Ogg i n 1717.

Kr. Cradock was a graduate of Eton and of Cambridge, the brother of the Ar of Dublin, and h i s education had been paid for b/ the. Duke of Dedford. A nur of romantic s t o r i e s have been printed, about the r e c t o r ' s f l i gh t from England because he had fa l l en i n love with the Duke's daughter, or the Duke's s i s t e r - -nei ther of whom wo lid have been su i tab le for a poor parson.

The new rec tor presented h i s c redent ia l s to the S t . Thomas ves t ry on the very day tha t i t was organized i n 17U5, and served 2£> years in that pos t , he kept a private school a t h i s home, teaching German and Lat in , and i n 175a b i s t r ans l a t i on of the Psalms, made from the Henrew, was published. The future Colonel Cres:p i s reputed to have been a pupi l a t the school .

Al l the i n t e r - c o l o n i a l t rade from Baltimore Town to Hanover, Pennsylvania, passed up Cradock's Lane, and t r a v e l e r s and wagon men ttopped for water a t "The Parson's Spring." For ' the f i r s t f ive years the family l ived i n a one-room'house, and in 175)9 b u i l t a new dwell ing.

VJhen he became paralyzed a t an early age, Mr, Cradock was car r ied to churfn, where he was s t i l l able t o preach. The Cradockr had a daughter and three so is; the e ldes t , Arthur, died e a r l y . Thomas Cradock had been intended for the minis t ry , but went into medicine, as did his brother John, P>oth sons served i n the Rev­olutionary army. The Rev. Mr. Cradock died a t age £2 i n 1770 and did not l i / e to see the break-up cf the Dmpire when so many Dngiish-born and Znglish-educated clergymen had to face the cruel choice between two count r ies . The Cradock family was thoroughly rooted i n Maryland.

The bulk of the property devolved on Dr. Thomas Cradock, and the 1798 tax l i s t of Soldiers Delight Hundred showed him vath more than 170 a c r e s , and numerous outbuildings and rented p r o p e r t i e s . The main house was a one-story dwell ing, 30 by £0 feet in s tone, with a stona extension, 20 by 30. An unusual feature

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET I F NECESSARY

CONTINUATION SHEET IfEM 8 Page 1 TRZNTHAK tfM-^)

was "one Stone Doctr Shop, one Story 20 by 20." The only structure that seems tc match up with dimensions taken in the 1918 tax ledger was a stone milk house, one-story 12 by 12 feet, listed as a "stone dairy" in 1918—and still there.

Dr. Thomas Cradock left the property to his nephew, Dr. Thomas Cradock Walker. who in 1625 had his last name changed to Cradock by act of the General Assembly. The- second Dr. Cradock had been born on the estate and married his cousin Katherine Cradock.

They were born in the same room, married in the same house, and died in the room in which they were born.

The second Dr. Cradock built some investment properties, one the Ten Mile House, which was located on the Reisterstown Turnpike, which after 1787 took the heavy traffic off Cradock1s Lane, and secondly, a stone blacksmith shop'across from the hotel, which still stood in early 1977 in ruinous condition opposite the small stores that in 196? replaced the highway hostelry,

Trentham's famous octagonal bath house is strangely missing from the 1798 ta:: list. The old house burned in 1858, and a large new Trentham was put up in 1861 The woodcut used in'Scharf's 1881 county history (opposite p. 81:1) shows Trenthar. and its nearby buildings almost as they were until the late 1960's.

The fourth Thomas Cradock (b. 1819) was renamed 'by his father at age 6 after starting life as Thomas Walker. Me married Sallie Carroll, daughter of Governor Thomas King Carroll; their daughter, Katherine Cradock reached age 83, and in January 01' 1953 was attacked by an axe-wielding vagrant.who had camped in the Trentham barn-Miss Cradock died shortly thereafter, and her brother Arthur held the property until his death in I960.

The next heir was an Episcopal minister, the Rev. Thomas Cradock Jensen. When interviewed in 1963 by the Sunday Sun's old-house specialist, Kathryn Geraghty, the Rev. and Mrs. Cradock had original 18th Century furniture, some of the first rector's books, and tre papers of kinswoman, Anna Ella Carroll, "the secret member of Lincoln's cabinet." They also had an enormous wooden cider press in the yard?

The Trentham land was acquired in 1962 by a number of partners interested in development. Harry Waller became sole owner in 1967 and he constructed the Qv.een Anne Apartments complex around the mansion and .its immediate outbuildings. In October, 1975, the entire project was acquired by Ralph DeChiarb Enterprises, Inc. of Tow?on. A historical highway marker with a parking strip was set up at Trentham south of the mansion entrance in 1S'7̂ .

Note

1 . Davidson, Real S t o r i e s , p . 78/

S2|MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES T.J . Scharf, History of Bal t inors City 2nd Co-jntv P h i l a d e l p h i a , iSfO.), tip.

e i a , Bl|2, l o ; , & l .

"Cradocks Lane," Sun Magr.g.ina, August 11 , l '^'iu

(See Continuation Sheet , [ten 9) CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET I F NECESSARY

^GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY 22.36 t o t a l ( b u t app rox ima te l y 2 acres noiranated)

VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION North boundary: >/illage Queen Drivej east boundary, Cradocks Larej south boundary, the northern lino of the open space parcel; wast boundary,, the westernmost line of open-space parcel, if extended, to Village Queen Driv (See Revised Plat, Baltimore County Plat Sooks, EHK Jit. 39> f. 21.)

LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARII S

STATE -nc re , COUNTY non-2

STATE COUNTY

INFORM PREPARED BY ' NAME/TITLE J o h n y # McGralll

ORGANIZATION . DATE

Baltimore County Office of Planni?YJ, and Zoning June 3C 1"?7 STREET & NUMBER TELEPHONE

?:01 V-osl̂ -v Avenue Uyh-3'i?5 CITY OR TOWN . STATE

Kd. 212C!i owspr

The Marylsnd Historic Sites Inventory was officially created by an Act of the Maryland Legislature, to be found in the Annotated Code of Maryland, Article 41, Section 181 KA, 1974 Supplement.

The Survey and Inventory are being prepared for information and record purposes only and do not constitute any infringe­ment of individual property rights.

RETURN TO: Maryland Historical Trust The Shaw House, 21 State Circle Annapolis, Maryland 21401 (301) 267-1438

- ; • - —

rt< 5/?-^/

NOTES on Unidentified House, SV corner of Cradjflock Land and Green Spring Valley Road. Assigned MHT Inventory Number BA 687 by Hrs. Martin some year's ago.

Stone house, noted as vacant in August, 1977, at SW corner of Green Spring Valley Road and Cradock Lane. Shown in plat of 1889 as part of the Green Spring estate on the north side of the road. (Plats <TWS 1:51—in Towson).

However, Mrs. K.H. Washburn did not think that the house went v/ith her ancestral estate she referred to it as the "Gailey House" for some people who were tenants there, who lived without water supply or electric power.

In 1979, the house is part of the property held by Queen Anne Village— the Ralph DiChiaro interests.

House appears in 1877 atlas of District 3 G.M. Hopkins' Atlas.

House cannot be identified on 1850 map by J.C. Sidney.

Stone House., Cradock property, close to Reisterstown Road (east side), 0.2 mile ten an;

south of Green Spring Valley Road. Small, two-storey stone house of the Cradock estate, Trentham; long unoccupied.

in was

Windows and doors closed off with concrete block. Brick jack-arches, a small square on the 1850 map of Baltimore County by J.C. Also a small square on 1877 atlas plate. Not found in 1798

IK.st. Close to Reisterstown Road and parallel to it, suggesting it does not pre-date the 1787 turnpike survey.

This Sidnefv.

that

<£Y<P ~ 3ct/aot. HcSOS* ff»r>v*^L kES.^ '971)

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BA-41 Trentham 135 Village Queen Drive, Garrison Cockeysville Quad

National Web Map Service 6" Orthophoto Map, Baltimore County Tax Map 67 c. 2007-08

BA-41 Trentham 135 Village Queen Drive, Garrison Jennifer K. Cosham, 15 October 2007 Facing west from Cradock Lane

East facade

BA-41 Trentham 135 Village Queen Drive, Garrison Jennifer K. Cosham, 15 October 2007 Northwest elevation

Southwest elevation

BA-41 Trentham 135 Village Queen Drive, Garrison Jennifer K. Cosham, 15 October 2007 Octagonal bath house, facing south

Spnnghouse, north side of Village Queen Drive

BA-41 Trentham 135 Village Queen Drive, Garrison Jennifer K. Cosham, 15 October 2007 Milk house or dairy, located northwest of house, facing northwest

Stone and wood barn (right) and stone shed (left). Shed is possibly meat house from 1918 tax list.

BA-41 Trentham 135 Village Queen Drive, Garrison Jennifer K. Cosham, 15 October 2007 Board and batten dwelling, located west of house. Facing northwest.

Board and batten dwelling, located west of house. Facing southwest.