School of Architecture, Building and Design

Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture

Building Structure (ARC 2523/BLD 61003)

Project 2 Beam and Column Analysis

Tutor : Mr. Mohd Adib Ramli

Group Member

Student Name Student ID

Andy Heng Wee Xiang 0327152

Leong Yu Shi 0322586

Yeoh Xiang An 0322691

Table of Content

1. Introduction to Project

2. Architectural Plan Drawings

3. Structural Plan Drawings

4. Slab System Analysis

5. 3D Digital Skeletal Model

6. Individual Analysis

- 6.1 – Andy Heng Wee Xiang

- 6.2 – Leong Yu Shi

- 6.3 – Yeoh Xiang An

7. Conclusion

8. References

1. Introduction to Project

In this project, we are to be in a group of 3 and select 2 different floor shapes

with dimensions and plan our own bungalow spaces. We are to identify and

analyze 6 different load beams and 3 different types of columns. At first, we are to

produce architectural and structural plan drawings of each floors for further

analysis due to calculation has to be carried out.

From the information we have gathered on the structural plan drawings, we need

to calculate and identify the slab system and load distribution for the beams and

columns. Each of us is required to calculate minimum of 6 different load beams

and 3 columns from both ground floor and first floor. Formulas used are as

follow :

Slab System

Beam Calculation

Ly/Lx > 2 - One way slab system

Ly/Lx < 2 - Two way slab system

Beam Self-Weight = beam size x density of reinforced concrete

Slab Dead Load = thickness x density of reinforced concrete x Lx/2

(Trapezoid)

= thickness x density of reinforced concrete x Lx/2 x 2/3

(Triangular)

Slab Live Load = live load (UBBL) x Lx/2 (Trapezoid)

= live load (UBBL) x Lx/2 x 2/3 (Triangular)

Brick Wall Dead Load = wall height x thickness x density of bricks

Column Calculation

Specifications

UBBL

Reinforced Concrete Density = 24kN/m3

Bricks Density = 19kN/m3

Room

1. Bedrooms (1 Master Bedroom and 2 Bedrooms)

2. Changing Room

3. Main Room

4. Guest Room

5. Bathrooms

6. Storage Room

7. Laundry Area

8. Garden

9. Kitchen

10. Corridor

11. Living Room

12. Gathering Space

13. Study Room

*According to UBBL, all residential buildings (bungalow) live load factor should be

1.5kN/m2

Beam Self-Weight = beam size x density of reinforced concrete x length

Slab Dead Load = thickness x density of reinforced concrete x

tributary area

Slab Live Load = live load (UBBL) x tributary area

Brick Wall Self-Weight = thickness x wall height x density of bricks x length

Column Self-Weight = width x length x height x density of reinforced concrete

2. Architectural Drawings

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

00

13

25

52

00

27

50

50

00

51

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22

00

28

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C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

3. Structural Plan Drawings

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

00

13

25

52

00

27

50

50

00

51

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22

00

28

00

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

00

13

25

52

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27

50

50

00

51

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22

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28

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C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

4. Slab System Drawings

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

3400

1325

5200

2750

5000

5100

2200

2800

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

00

13

25

52

00

27

50

50

00

51

00

22

00

28

00

C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

00

13

25

52

00

27

50

50

00

51

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22

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28

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C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

1 4 6 75 8

34

00

13

25

52

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27

50

50

00

2500 2700 4000 2000 4000

51

00

2150

3

22

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28

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C1

C2

2

1375

5. Column

(Tributary Area Method)

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

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13

25

52

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27

50

50

00

51

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22

00

28

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C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

00

13

25

52

00

27

50

50

00

51

00

22

00

28

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C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

A

B1

C

D

E

F

B

34

00

13

25

52

00

27

50

50

00

51

00

22

00

28

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C1

C2

1 4 6 75 8

2500 2700 4000 2000 40002150

32

1375

6. 3D Model

3D Model of the Structural System

Beams and Columns

ANDY HENG WEE XIANG

BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS

Ground Floor Beam (2/C1-D)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab Self Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m

= 3.6 kN/m²

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 3.6kN/m² x (2.5/2)m

= 4.5kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 2/3[3.6kN/m² x (2.95/2)]m

= 3.54kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 4.5 + 3.54 + 8.55)kN/m

= 18.03kN/m

Slab 1‐2/C1‐D = 2875/2500 

     = 1.15 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2‐4/C1‐D = 3500/2875 

    = 1.22 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Reinforced Concrete Density = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

(Assuming storage = 2.0kN/m², others = 1.5kN/m² )

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 2kN/m² x (lx/2)m

= 2kN/m² x (2.5/2)m

= 2.5kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 2/3[1.5kN/m² x (2.95/2)]m

= 1.48 kN/m

Total Live Load = 3.98 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 18.03kN/m(1.4) + 3.98kN/m(1.6)

= (25.24 + 6.37) kN/m

= 31.61kN/m

Total Point Load

= 31.61kN/m x 2.95m

= 93.25kN

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point D

M(D) = 0

2.95RCy – 93.25(1.475) = 0

RCy = 46.625 kN (46.63kN)

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-93.25kN + 46.625kN + R(Dy) = 0

R(Dy) = 46.625kN (46.63kN)

Shear Force Diagram

From Uniform Distribution Load,

0 + 46.63 = 46.63kN

46.63 – 93.25 = -46.63

-46.63 + 46.63 = 0

(Assuming 46.63 = 46.625)

Bending Moment Diagram

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

= ½ x 46.63kN x 1.475m

= 34.39kNm

Ground Floor Beam (3/D-E)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab Self Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m

= 3.6 kN/m²

Slab 1-3/D-E = 2/3[3.6kN/m² x (2.75/2)]m

= 3.3kN/m

Slab 3-4/D-E = 3.6kN/m² x (2.15/2)m

= 3.87kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 3.3 + 3.87 + 8.55)kN/m

= 17.16kN/m

Slab 1‐3/D‐E = 3850/2750 

     = 1.4 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/D‐E = 2750/2150 

    = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Reinforced Concrete Density = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

(Assuming Bathroom = 2.0kN/m², others = 1.5kN/m² )

Slab 1-3/D-E = 2/3[1.5kN/m² x (2.75/2)]m

= 1.38kN/m

Slab 3-4/D-E = 2kN/m² x (2.15/2)]m

= 2.15 kN/m

Total Live Load = 3.53 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 24.02kN/m(1.4) + 3.53kN/m(1.6)

= (24.02 + 5.65) kN/m

= 29.67kN/m

Total Point Load

= 29.67kN/m x 2.75m

= 81.59kN

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point D

M(E) = 0

2.75RDy – 81.59(1.375) = 0

RDy = 40.8 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-81.59kN + 40.8kN + R(Ey) = 0

R(Ey) = 40.8 kN

Shear Force Diagram

From Uniform Distribution Load,

0 + 40.8 = 40.8kN

40.8 – 81.59 = -40.8

-40.8 + 40.8 = 0

Bending Moment Diagram

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

= ½ x 40.8kN x 1.375m

= 28.05kNm

Ground Floor Beam (1-4/D)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab Self Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m

= 3.6 kN/m²

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 2/3[3.6kN/m² x (2.5/2)m]

= 3kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 3.6kN/m² x (2.95/2)

= 5.31kN/m

Slab 1-3/D-E = 3.6kN/m² x (2.75/2)m

= 4.95kN/m

Slab 3-4/D-E = 2/3[3.6kN/m² x (2.15/2)]m

= 2.58 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Slab 1‐2/C1‐D = 2875/2500 

     = 1.15 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2‐4/C1‐D = 3500/2875 

    = 1.22 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 1‐3/D‐E = 3850/2750 

     = 1.4 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/D‐E = 2750/2150 

    = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Total Dead Load

Slab 1-2 = 1.44 + 8.55 + 3 + 4.95

= 17.94kN/m

Slab 2-3 = 1.44 + 8.55 + 5.31 + 4.95

= 20.25kN/m

Slab 3-4 = 1.44 + 8.55 + 5.31 + 2.58

= 17.63 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-2, C1-D = 2/3(2kN/m2 x 2.5/2)

= 1.67kN/m

Slab 2-4, C1-D = (1.5 x 2.95/2)

= 2.21kN/m

Slab 1-3, D-E = (1.5 x 2.75/2)

= 2.06kN/m

Slab 3-4, D-E = 2/3 (2kN/m2 x 2.15/2)

= 1.43 kN/m

Total Live Load

Slab 1-2 = 1.67 + 2.06

= 3.73kN/m

Slab 2-3 = 2.21 + 2.06

= 4.27kN/m

Slab 3-4 = 2.16 + 1.43

= 3.59 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Slab 1-2 = Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 17.94kN/m(1.4) + 3.73kN/m(1.6)

= (25.11 + 5.97) kN/m

= 31.08kN/m

Slab 2-3 = Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 20.25kN/m(1.4) + 4.27kN/m(1.6)

= (28.35 + 6.83) kN/m

= 35.18kN/m

Slab 3-4 = Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 17.63kN/m(1.4) + 3.59kN/m(1.6)

= (24.68 + 5.74) kN/m

= 30.42kN/m

Total Point Load

Slab 1-2 = 31.08kN/m x 2.5

= 77.7kN

Slab 2-3 = 35.18 kN/m x 1.35

= 47.49kN

Slab 3-4 = 30.42kN/m x 2.15

= 65.4kN

Reaction Force

Adding point load from beam 2, C1-D and 3, D-E

Calculate Moment at Point 2

M(2) = 0

6R1y – 4.75(77.7) – 3.5(46.63) – 2.825(47.49) – 2.15(40.22) – 1.075(65.4) = 0

6R1y = 823.23 kN

R1y = 137.21kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-77.7 – 46.63 – 47.49 – 40.22 – 65.4 + 137.21kN + R(2y) = 0

R(2y) = 140.23 kN

Shear Force Diagram

From Uniform Distribution Load,

0 + 137.21 = 137.21

137.21 – 77.7 = 59.51

59.51-46.63 = 12.88

12.88 – 47.49 = -34.61

-34.61 – 40.22= -74.83

-74.83 – 65.4 = -140.23

-140.23 + 140.23 = 0

Bending Moment Diagram

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

Positive

½ (59.51 + 137.21) x 2.5 = 245.9

½ (0.37x12.88) = 2.38

Total = 245.9 + 2.38

= 248.28 (248kNm)

Negative

½ (34.61 x 0.98) = 16.96

½ (74.83 + 140.23) x 2.15 = 231.18

Total = 16.96 + 231.18

= 248.14 (248kNm)

First Floor Beam (4-5/A1)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab Self Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m

= 3.6 kN/m²

Slab 4-5/A-A1 = 2/3[3.6kN/m² x (2.7/2)]m

= 3.24kN/m

Slab 4-5/A1-C = 3.6kN/m² x (1.95/2)m

= 3.51kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 3.24 + 3.51 + 8.55)kN/m

= 16.74kN/m

Slab 4‐5/A‐A1 = 2800/2700 

     = 1.04 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/A1‐C = 2700/1950 

    = 1.38 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Reinforced Concrete Density = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

(Assuming Bathroom = 2.0kN/m², others = 1.5kN/m² )

Slab 4-5/A-A1 = 2/3[2kN/m² x (2.7/2)]m

= 1.8kN/m

Slab 4-5/A1-C = 1.5kN/m² x (1.95/2)m

= 1.46 kN/m

Total Live Load = 3.26 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 16.74kN/m(1.4) + 3.26kN/m(1.6)

= (23.44 + 5.22) kN/m

= 28.66kN/m

Total Point Load

= 28.66kN/m x 2.7m

= 77.38kN

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point 5

M(5) = 0

2.7R4y – (77.38 x1.35) = 0

R4y = 38.69 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-77.38kN + 38.69kN + R(5y) = 0

R(5y) = 38.69 kN

Shear Force Diagram

From Uniform Distribution Load,

0 + 38.69 = 38.69kN

38.69 – 77.38 = -38.69

-38.69 + 38.69 = 0

Bending Moment Diagram

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

= ½ x 38.69kN x 1.35m

= 26.12kNm

First Floor Beam (4/A-C)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab Self Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m

= 3.6 kN/m²

Slab 1-4/A-C = 2/3[3.6kN/m² x (4.75/2)]m

= 5.7kN/m

Slab 4-5/A-A1 = 3.6kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 4.86kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

A-A1 = (1.44 + 5.7 + 4.86 + 8.55)kN/m

= 20.55kN/m

A1-C = (1.44 + 8.55 + 5.7 + 3.51)kN/m

= 19.2kN/m

Slab 1‐4/A‐C = 6000/4750 

     = 1.26 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 4‐5/A‐A1 = 2800/2700 

     = 1.04 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/A1‐C = 2700/1950 

    = 1.38 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Reinforced Concrete Density = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

(Assuming Bathroom = 2.0kN/m², others = 1.5kN/m² )

Slab 1-4/A- C = 2/3[1.5kN/m² x (4.75/2)]m

= 2.38kN/m

Slab 4-5/A-A1 = 2kN/m² x (2.7/2)]m

= 2.7 kN/m

Slab 4-5/A1-C = 1.5kN/m² x (1.95/2)]m

= 1.46 kN/m

Total Live Load

A-A1 = 2.38 + 2.7 = 5.08 kN/m

A1-C = 2.38 + 1.46 = 3.84 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Dead Load

A-A1 = 20.55kN/m(1.4) = 28.77 kN/m

A1-C = 19.2 (1.4) = 26.88kN/m

Live Load

A-A1 = 5.08(1.6) = 8.13 kN/m

A1-C = 3.84(1.6) = 6.14kN/m

Total Ultimate Load

A-A1 = 28.77 + 8.13 = 36.9kN/m

A1-C = 26.88 + 6.14 = 33.02kN/m

Adding Beam A1/4-5 (38.69kN) to beam A-C/4

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point C

M(C) = 0

4.75Ray – 3.35 (103.32) – 1.95(38.69) – 0.975(64.39) = 0

4.75Ray -346.12 – 75.45 – 62.78 = 0

4.75Ray= 484.35

RAy = 101.97 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-103.32kN – 38.69kN – 64.39kN + 101.97kN + R(Cy) = 0

R(Cy) = 104.43 kN

Shear Force Diagram

From Uniform Distribution Load,

0 + 101.97 = 101.97 101.97-103.32kN = - 1.35 -1.35 - 38.69 = -40.04 -40.04 – 64.39 = -104.43 -104.43 + 104.43 = 0

Bending Moment Diagram

Positive area

1.35/(101.97+1.35) = X/ 2800 X= 36.59mm (0.037m)

½ (101.97 x (2.8 – 0.0370) = 140.87kNm (140.9kNm)

Negative area ½ (1.35 x 0.037) = 0.025 – small triangle ½ (40.04 + 104.43) x 1.95 = 140.86

Total Negative = 140.86 + 0.025 = 140.885 (140.9kNm)

First Floor Beam (1-5/C)

Dead Load Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab Self Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m

= 3.6 kN/m²

Slab 1-4/A-C = 3.6kN/m² x (4.75/2)m

= 8.55kN/m

Slab 1-4/C-C1 = 3.6kN/m² x (2.325/2)m

= 4.19kN/m

Slab 4-5/A1-C = 3.6kN/m² x (1.95/2)m

= 3.51kN/m

Slab 4-5/C-D = 3.6kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 4.86kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

Slab 1-4 = 8.55 + 4.185 = 12.74kN/m

Slab 4-5 = 3.51 + 4.86 = 8.37kN/m

Slab 1‐4/A‐C = 6000/4750 

     = 1.26 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 4‐5/A‐A1 = 2800/2700 

     = 1.04 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/A1‐C = 2700/1950 

    = 1.38 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Reinforced Concrete Density = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

Slab 1-4/A-C = 1.5kN/m² x (4.75/2)m

= 3.56kN/m

Slab 1-4/C-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (2.325/2)m

= 1.74 kN/m

Slab 4-5/A1-C = 1.5kN/m² x (1.95/2)m

= 1.46 kN/m

Slab 4-5/C-D = 1.5kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 2.03kN/m

Total Live Load

Slab 1-4 = 3.56 + 1.74 = 5.3 kN/m

Slab 4-5 = 1.46 + 2.03 = 3.49kN/m

Ultimate Load

DL Slab 1-4 : 12.74kN/m(1.4) = 17.84 kN/m LL Slab 1-4 : 5.3kN.m (1.6) = 8.48kN/m Total = 26.32 kN/m DL Slab 4-5 : 8.37 kN/m(1.4) = 11.7kN/m LL Slab 4-5 : 3.49 kN/m (1.6) = 5.58kN/m Total = 17.28kN/m

Adding Beam A-C/4 (104.43kN) to beam A-C/1-5

26.32 kN/m x 6m = 157.92kN 17.28kN/m x 2.7 = 46.66kN

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point 5

M(5) = 0

8.7R1y- 5.7(157.92) – 2.7(104.43) – 1.35(46.66) = 0

8.7R1y = 900.14 + 281.96 + 62.99

8.7R1y = 1245.09

R1y = 143.11 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-157.92 – 104.43 – 46.66 + 143.11 + R(5y) = 0

R(5y) = 165.9 kN

Shear Force Diagram

From Uniform Distribution Load,

0 + 143.11 = 143.11kN

143.11 – 157.92 = -14.81

-14.81 – 104.43 = -119.24

-119.24 – 46.66 = -165.9

-165.9 + 165.9 = 0

Bending Moment Diagram

14.81/(14.81+143.11) = X / 6 X = 0.56m

Positive Area ½ [(6-0.56) x 143.11] = 389.26 (389kNm)

Negative Area ½ [(0.56x14.81) = 4.15 – mini triangle ½ (119.24+165.9) x 2.7 = 389.1 (389kNm)

Column D1

Dead Load

Ground Floor

Total wall length = 3.15 + 3.15 + 3.15 + 4.38 = 13.83m

Wall = 13.83m x 8.55 = 118.25 kN

Slab = 3.15 x 4.38 x 3.6kN/m2 = 49.67kN

Beam length = 3.15 +3.15 + 3.15 +4.38 = 13.83m

Beam = 13.83 x 1.44 = 19.92 kN

Column = 6.48kN

Total = 118.25 + 49.67 + 19.92 + 6.48 = 194.32 kN

Brick Wall (150mm) = 0.15 x 3 x 19kN/m3  

            = 8.55 kN/m 

Beam  = 0.2 x 0.3 x 24kN/m3  

            = 1.44kN/m 

Slab   = 0.15 x 24kN/m3 

           = 3.6kN/m2 

Column  = 0.3x 0.3 x 3m x 24kN/m3 

               = 6.48kN 

First Floor

Total wall length = 6.48+ 3.15 + 0.98 = 10.61m

Wall = 10.61m x 8.55 = 90.72 kN

Slab = (3.15 x 6.48) x 3.6kN/m2 = 73.48kN

Beam length = 6.48+ 3.15 + 0.9 = 10.61m

Beam = 10.61m x 1.44 = 15.28 kN

Column = 6.48kN

Total = 90.72 + 73.48 + 15.28 + 6.48 = 185.96 kN

Roof Level

Slab = (6.48 x 3.15 ) x 1kN/m2 = 20.41kN

Roof beam = 10.61 x 1kN/m2

= 10.61 kN

Total dead load = 194.32 + 185.96 + 20.41 + 10.61 = 411.3 kN

Total ultimate dead load = 411.3 x 1.4 = 575.82kN

Live Load

Ground

Storage (3 x 2.65) x 2kN/m2 = 15.9kN

Maid’s room (1.38 x 3.15) x 1.5 kN/m2 = 6.52kN

Corridor (0.5 x 3) x 1.5kN/m2 =2.25 kN

Total 15.9 + 6.52 + 2.25 = 24.67 kN

First

Master Bedroom (5.35 x 3.15m) x 1.5 kN/m2 = 25.28kN

Changing room (1.13 x 3.15m) x 1.5 kN/m2 = 5.34kN

Total 25.28kN + 5.34kN = 30.62kN

Roof

(3.15 x 6.48 ) x 0.5 kN/m2 = 10.21kN

Total live load 24.67kN + 30.62kN + 10.21kN = 65.5kN

Total ultimate live load 65.5 x 1.6 = 104.8kN

Total Ultimate load acting on column D1 is 575.82 + 104.8 kN = 680.62kN

Column F1

Dead Load

Ground Floor

Total wall length = 2.63 + 3.15 = 5.78m

Wall = 5.78m x 8.55kN/m2 = 49.42 kN

Slab = (2.63 x 3.15) x 3.6kN/m2 = 29.82kN

Beam length = 2.63 + 3.15 = 5.78m

Beam = 5.78 x 1.44 = 8.32 kN

Column = 6.48kN

Total = 49.42 + 29.82 + 8.32+ 6.48 kN = 94.04kN

Brick Wall (150mm) = 0.15 x 3 x 19kN/m3  

            = 8.55 kN/m 

Beam  = 0.2 x 0.3 x 24kN/m3  

            = 1.44kN/m 

Slab   = 0.15 x 24kN/m3 

           = 3.6kN/m2 

Column  = 0.3x 0.3 x 3m x 24kN/m3 

               = 6.48kN 

First Floor

Total wall length = 2.63+ 2.63 + 3.15 = 8.41m

Wall = 8.41m x 8.55kN/m2 = 71.91 kN

Slab = (3.15 x 2.63) x 3.6kN/m2 = 29.82kN

Beam length = 2.63 + 2.63 + 3.15 = 8.41m

Beam = 8.41m x 1.44 = 12.11kN

Column = 6.48kN

Total = 71.91 + 29.82 + 12.11 + 6.48 = 120.32 kN

Roof Level

Slab = (2.63 x 3.15 ) x 1kN/m2 = 8.28 kN

Beam Length = 2.63 + 2.63 + 3.15 = 8.41m

Roof beam = 8.41 x 1kN/m2

= 8.41 kN

Total dead load = 94.04 + 120.32 + 8.41 + 8.28kN = 231.05 kN

Total ultimate dead load = 231.05 x 1.4 = 323.47kN

Live Load

Ground

Guess Room (3.15 x 2.63) x 1.5kN/m2 = 12.43kN

First

Changing Bedroom (2.63 x 3.15m) x 1.5 kN/m2 = 12.43kN

Roof

(3.15 x 2.63 ) x 0.5 kN/m2 = 4.14kN

Total live load 12.43kN + 12.43kN + 4.14kN = 29kN

Total ultimate live load 29 x 1.6 = 46.4kN

Total ultimate load acting on column F1 is 323.47 + 46.4 kN = 369.87kN

Column A2

Dead Load

Ground Floor

Total wall length = 1.83 + 3.5 = 5.33m

Wall = 5.33m x 8.55kN/m2 = 45.57 kN

Slab = (1.83 x 3.5) x 3.6kN/m2 = 23.06kN

Beam length = 1.83+3.5 = 5.33m

Beam = 5.33 x 1.44 = 7.68kN

Column = 6.48kN

Total = 45.57 + 23.06 +7.68 + 6.48 kN = 82.79kN

Brick Wall (150mm) = 0.15 x 3 x 19kN/m3  

            = 8.55 kN/m 

Beam  = 0.2 x 0.3 x 24kN/m3  

            = 1.44kN/m 

Slab   = 0.15 x 24kN/m3 

           = 3.6kN/m2 

Column  = 0.3x 0.3 x 3m x 24kN/m3 

               = 6.48kN 

First Floor

Total wall length = 4.52 + 5.13 + 1.37 + 4.52 = 15.54m

Wall = 15.54m x 8.55kN/m2 = 132.87 kN

Slab = (4.52 x 5.13) x 3.6kN/m2 = 83.48kN

Beam length = 4.52 + 1.37 + 4.52 + 5.13 = 15.54m

Beam = 15.54 x 1.44 = 22.38kN

Column = 6.48kN

Total = 132.87 + 83.48 + 22.38 + 6.48 = 245.21 kN

Roof Level

Slab = (4.52 x 5.13 ) x 1kN/m2 = 23.19kN

Beam Length = 4.52 + 4.52 + 5.13 = 14.17m

Roof beam = 14.17 x 1kN/m2

= 14.17 kN

Total dead load = 82.79 + 245.21 + 14.17 + 23.19 = 365.36 kN

Total ultimate dead load = 365.36 x 1.4 = 511.5kN

Live Load

Ground

Kitchen (1.83x3.5) x 2.0kN/m2 = 12.81kN

First

Bedroom (3x4.9m) x 1.5 kN/m2 = 22.05kN

Bathroom (2.95 x 1.52) x 2.0kN/m2 = 8.97kN

Study Room (0.23 x 3) x 1.5kN/ m2 = 1.04kN

Corridor (1.52 x 0.23) 1.5kN/ m2 = 0.52kN

Total first floor live load 22.05+8.97+1.04+0.52 = 32.58kN

Roof

(4.52 x 5.13 ) x 0.5 kN/m2 = 11.59kN

Total live load 12.81kN + 32.58kN + 11.59kN = 56.98kN

Total ultimate live load 56.98 x 1.6 kN = 91.17 kN

Total ultimate load acting on column A2 is 511.5 + 91.17 kN = 602.67kN

YEOH XIANG ANN

BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS

Ground Floor Beam (4-5/A1)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-2/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (1.95/2)m

= 3.51 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 3.24 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 3.51 + 3.24 + 8.55)kN/m

= 16.74 kN/m

Slab 1‐2/C1‐D = 2950/2500 

     = 1.18 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2‐4/C1‐D = 3500/2950 

    = 1.19 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 2.0kN/m² x (2.7 x 2/3)m

= 2.21 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (1.95/2)m

= 1.46 kN/m

Total Live Load = (2.21 + 1.46) kN/m

= 3.26 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 16.74kN/m(1.4) + 3.26kN/m(1.6)

= (23.44 + 5.22) kN/m

= 28.66 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

R(B) = 38.69 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

R(A) = 38.69kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Ground Floor Beam (5-5A/B)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (3.87x2/3)m

= 2.58 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (1.45/2)m

= 2.61 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (3.87+2.58+2.61)kN/m

= 15.18 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-3/B1-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (3.87x2/3)m

= 1.08 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (1.45/2)m

= 1.08 kN/m

Total Live Load = (1.08 + 1.08) kN/m

= 2.16 kN/m

Slab 1‐3/B1‐C1  = 3825/3000 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/B1‐C1  = 3000/2175 

    = 1.38 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 15.18kN/m(1.4) + 2.16kN/m(1.6)

= (21.25 + 3.46) kN/m

= 24.71 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

R(B) = 26.57 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

R(A) = 26.57kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Ground Floor Beam (5/A-C)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-3/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 4.86 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (3.51x2/3)m

= 2.34 kN/m

Slab 1-2/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.15/2)m

= 3.87 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.61x2/3)m

= 1.74 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

Beam (1 – 2) = (1.44+4.86+3.87+8.55)kN/m

= 18.72 kN/m

Slab 1‐3/B1‐C1  = 3825/3000 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/B1‐C1  = 3000/2175 

    = 1.38 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 1‐2/C1‐D = 2950/2500 

     = 1.18 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2‐4/C1‐D = 3500/2950 

    = 1.19 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Beam (2 – 3) = (1.44+2.34+3.87+8.55)kN/m

= 16.2 kN/m

Beam (3 – 4) = (1.44+2.34+1.74+8.55)kN/m

= 17.94 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-3/B1-C1 = 2.0kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 2.7 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (1.45 x 2/3)m

= 0.98 kN/m

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (2.15/2)m

= 1.61 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (1.09/2)m

= 0.725 kN/m

Total Live Load

Beam (1 – 2) = (2.7+1.61)kN/m

= 4.31 kN/m

Beam (2 – 3) = (0.98 + 1.61)kN/m

= 2.59 kN/m

Beam (3 – 4) = (0.98+ 0.725)kN/m

= 1.7 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

Beam (1 – 2) = 18.72kN/m(1.4) + 4.31kN/m(1.6)

= 26.21 kN/m

Beam (2 – 3) = 16.2kN/m(1.4) + 2.59kN/m(1.6)

= 26.82 kN/m

Beam (3 – 4) = 17.94kN/m(1.4) + 1.7kN/m(1.6)

= 27.84 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

(-90.7kN x 1.4m) + (-13.41kN x 3.05m) + (-40.36kN x 4.025m)

+ (-38.69kN x 2.8m) + (-26.57kN x 3.3m) + R(BC) x (4.75m) = 0

R(C) = 111.4 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

111.4kN + (-92.7kN) + (-13.4kN) + (-40.36kN)

+ (-38.69kN) + (-26.57kN) + R(A) = 0

R(A) = 100.33kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

= ½ x (100.33+7.63)(2.8)

= 151.14 kNm

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

= ½ x (111.4+71.03)(1.45)

= 151.14 kNm

x/4.89 = 0.5/13.41

x=0.18

First Floor Beam (5-6/B)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-2/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (7.2x2/3)m

= 4.8 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.65/2)m

= 4.77 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 4.8 + 4.77 + 8.55)kN/m

= 19.56 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (3x2/3)m

= 2.0 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (2.65/2)m

= 1.99 kN/m

Total Live Load = (2+1.99) kN/m

= 3.99 kN/m

Slab 1‐2a/E‐F = 5000/2875 

     = 1.74 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2a‐4/E‐F = 5000/3125 

    = 1.6 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 19.56kN/m(1.4) + 3.99kN/m(1.6)

= (27.38 + 6.38) kN/m

= 33.764 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

R(B) = 127.98 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

R(A) = 127.97kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

First Floor Beam (5/A-C)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-4/C1-E = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 4.86 kN/m

Slab 1-2a/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (4/2)m

= 7.2 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (4.77 x 2/3)m

= 3.18 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

Beam (1 – 2a) = (1.44+4.86+7.2+8.55)kN/m

= 22.05 kN/m

Beam (2a – 4) = (1.44+4.86+3.18+8.55)kN/m

= 18.03 kN/m

Slab 1‐4/C1‐E   = 6000/5850 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 1‐2a/E‐F   = 5000/2875 

       = 1.74 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2a‐4/E‐F   = 5000/3125 

      = 1.6 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

Slab 1-4/C1-E = 1.5kN/m² x (2.7/2)m

= 2.025 kN/m

Slab 1-2a/E-F = 1.5kN/m² x (4/2)m

= 3.0 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = 1.5kN/m² x (2.65/2)m

= 1.33 kN/m

Total Live Load

Beam (1 – 2a) = (2.03+3)kN/m

= 5.03 kN/m

Beam (2a – 4) = (2.03+1.33)kN/m

= 3.35 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

Beam (1 – 2a) = 22.05kN/m(1.4) + 5.03kN/m(1.6)

= 38.91 kN/m

Beam (2a – 4) = 25.24kN/m(1.4) + 5.36kN/m(1.6)

= 13.4 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

(-67.53kN x 5.1 m) + (-198.44kN x 2.55m)

+ (-35.51kN x 6.425m) + R(F) x (7.75m) = 0

R(F) = 139.17 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

(-67.53kN) + (-198.44kN) + (-35.51kN)

+ 139.17kN + R(D) = 0

R(D) = 162.31kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

First Floor Beam (6/A-C)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-4/C1-E = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (7.2x2.35/5.1)m

= 3.32 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (4.77x2/3)m

= 3.18 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

Beam (D – E) = (1.44+3.32+8.55)kN/m

= 13.17 kN/m

Beam (E – F) = (1.44+3.18+8.55)kN/m

= 13.31 kN/m

Slab 1‐4/C1‐E   = 6000/5850 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2a‐4/E‐F   = 5000/3125 

      = 1.6 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 4‐5/D‐F   = 7775/2700 

      = 2.88 > 2 (One Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

Slab 1-4/C1-E = 1.5kN/m² x (3x2.35/5.1)m

= 1.38 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = 1.5kN/m² x (1.98x2/3)m

= 1.33 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

Beam (D – E) = 13.17kN/m(1.4) + 1.33kN/m(1.6)

= 20.56 kN/m

Beam (E – F) = 13.31kN/m(1.4) + 1.325kN/m(1.6)

= 20.84 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(F) = 0

(-54.48kN x 1.33m) + (-48.98kN x 3.83m)

+ (-67.53kN x 2.65m) + R(E) x (5m) = 0

R(E) = 87.7 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

(-54.48kN) + (-48.98kN) + (-67.53kN)

+ 87.7kN + R(A) = 0

R(A) = 83.29kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Column (D/4)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m²

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m²

Slab Self-Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m³

= 3.6 kN/m²

Column = (0.3x0.3x0.3)m³ x 24kN/m³

= 6.48kN

Roof Level (assume flat roof)

Slab = 3.6kN/m² x (4.35x6.475)m

= 101.3985kN

Beam = 1.44kN/m² x (6.475+1.2+2.85)m

= 15.156kN

Live Load = 0.5kN/m² x (4.35x6.475)m

= 14.08kN

First Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (6.475+2.85)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 79.721kN

Slab = (4.35x6.475)m x 3.6kN/m²

= 28.166kN

Beam = (6.475+1.2+2.85)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 15.156kN

Total Dead Load = (79.728+28.17+15.156+6.48)kN

= 129.53kN

First Level (Live Load)

Master Bedroom = (2.85x5.2)m x 1.5kN/m²

= 22.23kN

Slab = (0.975x2.85)m x 2.0kN/m²

= 5.56kN

Beam = (1.2x6.475)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 31.08kN

Total Live Load = (22.23+5.56+31.08)kN

= 58.87kN

Ground Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (2.85+2.6+2.7+3)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 95.33kN

Slab = (4.35x6.475)m x 3.6kN/m²

= 101.4kN

Beam = (6.475+4.35+2.433+1.125+2.85)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 24.82kN

Total Dead Load = (5.33+101.4+24.82+6.48)kN

= 228.03kN

Ground Level (Live Load)

Corridor = [(4.35x2.3)m + (1.2x6.475)m] x 4.0kN/m²

= 71.1kN

Bathroom = (2.45x2)m x 2.0kN/m²

= 9.8kN

Guest Room = (2.85x1.125)m x 1.5kN/m²

= 4.81kN

Bedroom = (0.55x2.43)m x 1.5kN/m²

= 2kN

Total Live Load = (71.1+9.8+4.81+2)kN

= 87.71kN

Total Dead Load = (101.3985+15.156+129.53+228.03)kN

= 474.11kN

Apply 1.4 factor = 663.76kN

Total Live Load = (14.08+58.87+87.71)kN

= 160.66kN

Apply 1.6 factor = 257.061kN

*So Ultimate Load acting on column D/4 = 920.822kN

Column (A/1)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m²

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m²

Slab Self-Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m³

= 3.6 kN/m²

Column = (0.3x0.3x0.3)m³ x 24kN/m³

= 6.48kN

Roof Level (assume flat roof)

Slab = 3.6kN/m² x (3.15x2.525)m

= 28.6335kN

Beam = 1.44kN/m² x (3.15+2.525)m

= 8.172kN

Live Load = 0.5kN/m² x (3.15x2.525)m

= 3.98kN

First Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (3.15+2.525)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 48.52kN

Slab = (3.15x2.525)m x 3.6kN/m²

= 28.63kN

Beam = (3.15+2.525)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 8.172kN

Total Dead Load = (48.52+28.63+8.172+6.48)kN

= 91.8kN

First Level (Live Load)

Bedroom = (3.15x2.552)m x 1.5kN/m²

= 11.931kN

Total Live Load = 11.931kN

Ground Level (Dead Load)

Total Dead Load = 6.48kN

Ground Level (Live Load)

Total Live Load = 0kN

Total Dead Load = (28.6335+8.172+91.8+6.48)kN

= 135.09kN

Apply 1.4 factor = 189.12kN

Total Live Load = (3.98+11.931)kN

= 15.91kN

Apply 1.6 factor = 25.46kN

*So Ultimate Load acting on column A/1 = 214.58kN

Column (E/6)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m²

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m²

Slab Self-Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m³

= 3.6 kN/m²

Column = (0.3x0.3x0.3)m³ x 24kN/m³

= 6.48kN

Roof Level (assume flat roof)

Slab = 3.6kN/m² x (5x3.875)m

= 69.75kN

Beam = 1.44kN/m² x (5+3.875+1.85)m

= 15.444kN

Live Load = 0.5kN/m² x (5x3.875)m

= 9.6875kN

First Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (3.875+1.85+1.85)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 64.77kN

Slab = [(5x1.525)m + (2.35x2.15)m] x 3.6kN/m²

= 45.639kN

Beam = (3.875+5+1.85)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 15.4kN

Total Dead Load = (64.77+45.639+15.4+6.48)kN

= 132.3kN

First Level (Live Load)

Storage = (2x2.5)m x 2.5kN/m²

= 12.5kN

Gathering Space = (2x1.375)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 11kN

Total Live Load = (12.5+11)kN

= 23.5kN

Ground Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (2.85+2.35)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 44.46kN

Slab = [(5x1.525)m + (2.35x2.15)m] x 3.6kN/m²

= 45.639kN

Beam = (3.875+1.85+2.85)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 12.348kN

Total Dead Load = (44.46+45.639+12.348+6.48)kN

= 108.93kN

Ground Level (Live Load)

Entrance = (3.725x2)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 29.8kN

Living Room = (3x1.375)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 16.5kN

Total Live Load = (29.8+16.5)kN

= 46.3kN

Total Dead Load = (69.75+15.4+132.3+108.927)kN

= 326.454kN

Apply 1.4 factor = 457.04kN

Total Live Load = (9.6875+23.5+46.3)kN

= 79.4875kN

Apply 1.6 factor = 127.18kN

*So Ultimate Load acting on column E/6 = 584.22kN

LEONG YU SHI

BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS

Ground Floor Beam (2/C1-D)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Slab 1-2/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.95/2)m

= 5.31 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.95/2 x 2/3)m

= 3.54 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 5.31 + 3.54 + 8.55)kN/m

= 13.84 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (2.95/2)m

= 2.21 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (2.95/2 x 2/3)m

= 1.48 kN/m

Total Live Load = (2.21 + 1.475) kN/m

= 3.685 kN/m

Slab 1‐2/C1‐D = 2950/2500 

     = 1.18 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2‐4/C1‐D = 3500/2950 

    = 1.19 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 13.84kN/m(1.4) + 3.685kN/m(1.6)

= (19.38 + 5.896) kN/m

= 25.27 kN/m

Total Load

= 25.27kN/m x 2.95m

= 74.55 kN

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

(-25.27kN/m x 2.95m x 1.475m) + R(B) x (2.95m) = 0

R(B) = 37.27 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-74.55kN + 37.27kN + R(A) = 0

R(A) = 37.28kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Ground Floor Beam (3/B1-C1)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Slab 1-3/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (3/2 x 2/3)m

= 3.6 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (3.0/2)m

= 5.4 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 3.6 + 5.4 + 8.55)kN/m

= 18.99 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-3/B1-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (3/2 x 2/3)m

= 1.5 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (3.0/2)m

= 2.25 kN/m

Total Live Load = (1.5 + 2.25) kN/m

= 3.75 kN/m

Slab 1‐3/B1‐C1  = 3825/3000 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/B1‐C1  = 3000/2175 

    = 1.38 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 18.99kN/m(1.4) + 3.75kN/m(1.6)

= (26.59 + 6.0) kN/m

= 32.59 kN/m

Total Load

= 32.59kN/m x 3.0m

= 97.77 kN

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

(-32.59kN/m x 2.95m x 1.5m ) + R(B) x (3.0m) = 0

R(B) = 48.07 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-97.77kN + 48.07kN + R(A) = 0

R(A) = 49.7kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Uniform Distribution Load

49.7kN – (32.59 x 3.0)kN = - 48.07kN

Bending Moment Diagram

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

= ½ x 49.7kN x 1.5m

= 37.28 kNm

Ground Floor Beam (1-4/C1)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-3/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (3.825/2)m

= 6.89 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.175/2 x 2/3)m

= 2.61 kN/m

Slab 1-2/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.5/2 x 2/3)m

= 3.00 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (3.5/2)m

= 6.30 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

Beam (1 – 2) = (1.44 + 6.89 + 3.00 + 8.55)kN/m

= 19.88 kN/m

Beam (2 – 3) = (1.44 + 6.89 + 6.3 + 8.55)kN/m

= 23.18 kN/m

Slab 1‐3/B1‐C1  = 3825/3000 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 3‐4/B1‐C1  = 3000/2175 

    = 1.38 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 1‐2/C1‐D = 2950/2500 

     = 1.18 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2‐4/C1‐D = 3500/2950 

    = 1.19 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Beam (3 – 4) = (1.44 + 2.61 + 6.3 + 8.55)kN/m

= 18.9 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-3/B1-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (3.825/2)m

= 2.87 kN/m

Slab 3-4/B1-C1 = 1.5kN/m² x (2.175/2 x 2/3)m

= 1.09 kN/m

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (2.5/2 x 2/3)m

= 1.25 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (3.5/2)m

= 2.63 kN/m

Total Live Load

Beam (1 – 2) = (2.87 + 1.25)kN/m

= 4.12 kN/m

Beam (2 – 3) = (2.87 + 2.63)kN/m

= 5.5 kN/m

Beam (3 – 4) = (1.09 + 2.25)kN/m

= 2.45 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

Beam (1 – 2) = 19.88kN/m(1.4) + 4.12kN/m(1.6)

= 34.42 kN/m

Beam (2 – 3) = 23.18kN/m(1.4) + 5.5kN/m(1.6)

= 41.25 kN/m

Beam (3 – 4) = 18.9kN/m(1.4) + 2.45kN/m(1.6)

= 30.38 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

(-34.42kN/m x 1.25m x 2.5m) + (-41.25kN/m x 1.325m x 3.825m)

+ (-30.38kN x 2.175m x 1.25m) + (-49.7kN x 1.91m)

+ (-37.27kN x 4.91m) + R(B) x (6.0m) = 0

R(B) = 112.86 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-86.05kN + (-157.78kN) + (-66.08kN) + (-40.52kN)

+ (-37.27kN) + 112.86kN+ R(A) = 0

R(A) = 102.71kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

First Floor Beam (2a/E-F)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-2/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (5.0/2)m

= 9.0 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (5.0/2)m

= 9.0 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load = (1.44 + 9.00 + 9.00 + 8.55)kN/m

= 27.99 kN/m

Live Load

Slab 1-2/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (5.0/2)m

= 3.75 kN/m

Slab 2-4/C1-D = 1.5kN/m² x (5.0/2)m

= 3.75 kN/m

Total Live Load = (3.75 + 3.75) kN/m

= 7.50 kN/m

Slab 1‐2a/E‐F = 5000/2875 

     = 1.74 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2a‐4/E‐F = 5000/3125 

    = 1.6 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

= 27.99kN/m(1.4) + 7.50kN/m(1.6)

= (39.19 + 12.0) kN/m

= 51.19 kN/m

Total Load

= 51.19kN/m x 5.0m

= 255.95 kN

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

-51.19kN/m x 5m x 2.5m + R(B) x (5.0m) = 0

R(B) = 127.98 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

-255.95kN + 127.98kN + R(A) = 0

R(A) = 127.97kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Uniform Distribution Load

127.97kN – (51.19 x 5.0)kN = - 127.98kN

Bending Moment Diagram

Calculate Area in Sheer Force Diagram

= ½ x 127.97kN x 2.5m

= 159.96 kNm

First Floor Beam (1-4/C1-F)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-4/C1-E = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (5.85/2)m

= 10.53 kN/m

Slab 1-2a/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (2.88/2x2/3)m

= 5.18 kN/m

Slab 2a-4//E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (3.13/2x2/3)m

= 5.63 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

Beam (1 – 2a) = (1.44+8.55+5.18+10.53)kN/m

= 25.7 kN/m

Beam (2a – 4) = (1.44+10.53+5.63+8.55)kN/m

= 26.15 kN/m

Slab 1‐4/C1‐E   = 6000/5850 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 1‐2a/E‐F   = 5000/2875 

       = 1.74 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2a‐4/E‐F   = 5000/3125 

      = 1.6 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

Slab 1-4/C1-E = 1.5kN/m² x (5.85/2)m

= 4.39 kN/m

Slab 1-2a/E-F = 1.5kN/m² x (2.88/2x2/3)m

= 2.16 kN/m

Slab 2a-4//E-F = 1.5kN/m² x (3.13/2x2/3)m

= 2.35 kN/m

Total Live Load

Beam (1 – 2a) = (2.16+4.39)kN/m

= 6.55 kN/m

Beam (2a – 4) = (4.39+2.35)kN/m

= 6.74 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

Beam (1 – 2a) = 25.7kN/m(1.4) + 6.55kN/m(1.6)

= 35.98 kN/m

Beam (2a – 4) = 26.15kN/m(1.4) + 6.74kN/m(1.6)

= 36.61 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

= 6Ra - ( 133.8 x 4.57 ) - ( 116.67 ) - ( 148.36 x 1.57)

= 6Ra – 611.47 – 116.67 – 232.93

= 6Ra – 961.07

Ra = 160.18kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

= Ra + Rb – (133.8) – ( 37.28 ) – (148.36)

= 160.18 + Rb – 319.44

Rb = 159. 26

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

First Floor Beam (4/D-F)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m² x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m

Slab 1-4/C1-E = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (6/2 x 2/3)m

= 14.4 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (6.0/2)m

= 10.8 kN/m

Slab 4-5/D-F = (0.15m x 24kN/m³)kN/m² x (7.775/2)m

= 14.0 kN/m

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3 x 0.15)m² x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m

Total Dead Load

Beam (D – E) = (1.44+14.4+14.0+8.55)kN/m

= 38.39 kN/m

Beam (E – F) = (1.44+10.8+14.0+8.55)kN/m

= 35.19 kN/m

Slab 1‐4/C1‐E   = 6000/5850 

     = 1.28 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 2a‐4/E‐F   = 5000/3125 

      = 1.6 < 2 (Two Way Slab) 

Slab 4‐5/D‐F   = 7775/2700 

      = 2.88 > 2 (One Way Slab) 

Concrete Density   = 24kN/m³ 

Brick Density   = 19kN/m³ 

Live Load

Slab 1-4/C1-E = 1.5kN/m² x (6/2 x 2/3)m

= 3.0 kN/m

Slab 2a-4/E-F = 1.5kN/m² x (6.0/2)m

= 4.5 kN/m

Slab 4-5/D-F = 1.5kN/m² x (7.775/2)m

= 5.83 kN/m

Total Live Load

Beam (D – E) = (3 + 5.83)kN/m

= 8.83 kN/m

Beam (E – F) = (4.5 + 5.83)kN/m

= 10.33 kN/m

Ultimate Load

Total Dead Load (1.4) + Total Live Load (1.6)

Beam (D – E) = 38.39kN/m(1.4) + 8.83kN/m(1.6)

= 67.85 kN/m

Beam (E – F) = 35.19kN/m(1.4) + 10.33kN/m(1.6)

= 65.79 kN/m

Reaction Force

Calculate Moment at Point A

M(A) = 0

(-72.67kN x 2.5m) + (-126.01kN)

+ (-65.79kN x 6.39m) + R(B) x (7.775m) = 0

R(B) = 61.23 kN

Calculate Vertical Forces = 0

ΣFy = 0

(-67.85) + (-182.57kN) + (-126.01kN)

+ 61.23kN + R(A) = 0

R(A) = 64.5kN

Load Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Column (F/6)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m²

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m²

Slab Self-Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m³

= 3.6 kN/m²

Column = (0.3x0.3x0.3)m³ x 24kN/m³

= 6.48kN

Roof Level (assume flat roof)

Slab = 3.6kN/m² x (2.65x2.15)m

= 20.511kN

Beam = 1.44kN/m² x (2.65+2.15)m

= 6.912kN

Live Load = 0.5kN/m² x (2.65X2.15)m

= 2.85Kn

First Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (2.65+2.15)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 41.04kN

Slab = (2x2.5)m x 3.6kN/m²

= 18kN

Beam = (3.15+2.15)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 7.632kN

Total Dead Load = (41.04+18+7.632+6.48)kN

= 73.152kN

First Level (Live Load)

Stairs = (2x2.5)m x 1.5kN/m²

= 7.5kN

Ground Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (2.65+2.15)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 41.04kN

Slab = (2x2.5)m x 3.6kN/m²

= 18kN

Beam = (3.15+2.15)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 7.5kN

Total Dead Load = (41.04+18+7.5+6.48)kN

= 73.152kN

Ground Level (Live Load)

Corridor = (2x2.5)m x 1.5kN/m²

= 71.1kN

Total Dead Load = (20.511+6.912+73.152+73.152)kN

= 173.727kN

Apply 1.4 factor = 243.22kN

Total Live Load = (2.85+7.5+7.5)kN

= 17.85kN

Apply 1.6 factor = 28.56kN

*So Ultimate Load acting on column F/6 = 271.78kN

Column (D/5)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m²

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m²

Slab Self-Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m³

= 3.6 kN/m²

Column = (0.3x0.3x0.3)m³ x 24kN/m³

= 6.48kN

Roof Level (assume flat roof)

Slab = 3.6kN/m² x (3.375X6.475)m

= 78.67kN

Beam = 1.44kN/m² x (6.475+1.85+1.85)m

= 14.652kN

Live Load = 0.5kN/m² x (3.375X6.475)m

= 10.97kN

First Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (6.475+1.875+1.875)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 87.424kN

Slab = [(2.025x2.6)m + (2.025x1.35)m + (3.875x1.35)m +

(2.025x2.75)m + (2.025x1.125)m] 3.6kN/m²

= 80.22kN

Beam = (6.475+1.85+1.85)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 14.652kN

Total Dead Load = (87.424+80.22+14.652+6.48)kN

= 188.776kN

First Level (Live Load)

Corridor = (6.475x1.35)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 34.965kN

Storage = (2.025x1.125)m x 2.5kN/m²

= 5.7kN

Gathering Space = (2.025x2.75)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 22.275kN

Total Live Load = (34.965+5.7+22.275)kN

= 62.94kN

Ground Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (2.45+1.875+0.975)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 47.61kN

Slab = [(2.6x1.35)m + (2.025x2.6)m + (3.875x1.35)m +

(2.025x3.895)m] 3.6kN/m²

= 78.67kN

Beam = (6.475+3.375)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 14.18kN

Total Dead Load = (47.61+78.67+14.184+6.48)kN

= 146.94kN

Ground Level (Live Load)

Corridor = [(16.475x1.35)m + (2.025x3.875)m] x 4.0kN/m²

= 429.04kN

Total Dead Load = (78.67+14.652+188.776+146.944)kN

= 429.042N

Apply 1.4 factor = 600.66kN

Total Live Load = (10.97+62.94+120.35)kN

= 194.26kN

Apply 1.6 factor = 310.82kN

*So Ultimate Load acting on column D/5 = 911.479kN

Column (F/4)

Dead Load

Concrete Beam Self-Weight = (0.3 x 0.2)m x 24kN/m³

= 1.44 kN/m²

Brick Wall Self-Weight = (3x0.15)m x 19kN/m³

= 8.55 kN/m²

Slab Self-Weight = 0.15m x 24kN/m³

= 3.6 kN/m²

Column = (0.3x0.3x0.3)m³ x 24kN/m³

= 6.48kN

Roof Level (assume flat roof)

Slab = 3.6kN/m² x (4.35x4.025)m

= 63.0315kN

Beam = 1.44kN/m² x (4.35+4.025)m

= 12.06kN

Live Load = 0.5kN/m² x (4.35x4.025)m

= 8.754kN

First Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (3.725+4.35)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 69.041kN

Slab = [(1.35x3.875)m + (3.875x3m] x 3.6kN/m²

= 60.68kN

Beam = (4.35+4.025)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 12.06kN

Total Dead Load = (69.041+60.68+12.06+6.48)kN

= 148.261kN

First Level (Live Load)

Bathroom = (3x3.875)m x 2.0kN/m²

= 23.25kN

Corridor = (3.875x1.35)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 20.925kN

Total Live Load = (23.25+20.925)kN

= 44.175kN

Ground Level (Dead Load)

Walls = (3.725+2.85+0.9+2.35)m x 8.55kN/m²

= 84kN

Slab = [(1.675x2.05)m + (2.05x2.2)m + (0.95x3.875)m +

(1.35x3.875)] x 3.6kN/m²

= 60.68kN

Beam = (3.875+3.875+2.05+4.35)m x 1.44kN/m²

= 20.376kN

Total Dead Load = (84+60.68+20.376)kN

= 165.1kN

Ground Level (Live Load)

Entrance = (3.009x3.875)m x 1.5kN/m²

= 17.49kN

Living Room = (1.35x3.875)m x 4.0kN/m²

= 20.925kN

Total Live Load = (17.49 + 20.925)kN

= 38.415kN

Total Dead Load = (63.0315+12.06+148.261+165.1)kN

= 388.45kN

Apply 1.4 factor = 543.83kN

Total Live Load = (8..754+44.175+38.415)kN

= 91.344kN

Apply 1.6 factor = 146.15kN

*So Ultimate Load acting on column F/4 = 690kN

7. Conclusion

At the end of this project, we have learnt about the proper method of calculation

for the analysis of load distribution in building structure. The analysis has helped us

in basic understanding on the design based on the placement of columns and the

load distribution of the structural system. Upon completing this project, we are able

to gain basic knowledge about the formulas used in calculating the load distribution

of a structure.