b. Classes of levers
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Transcript of b. Classes of levers
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Class I, II, and III – based on efficiency.
See Holt, Page 87
b. Classes of levers
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RF
Class I
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FR
Class II
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FR
Class III
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(Reading pp 157-160)
B. Bone Development.
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Bone formation = Ossification.
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Intramembranous and Endochondral
See – Lab 3 section “ossification”
Two types
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(Reading page 189)
C. Injuries and disease.
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1. The knee joint.a. anterior cruciateb. posterior cruciatec. lateral collaterald. medial collateral
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2. Dislocation = tearing of ligaments that keep bones in place (bone is forced out of position.)
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3. Sprain = Damage to ligaments. (tearing or straining tendons or ligaments)
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4. Fracturesa. compound - bone sticks out through the skinb. simple - bone doesn't stick out through the skin
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Metatarsal fracture
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Clavicle Fracture
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18 year old girl
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12 year old boy
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12 year old girl with buckle fracture of radius
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5. Arthritis a. rheumatoid arthritis - inflammation of synovial membrane - articular hyaline cartilage destroyed
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6. Rickets - from deficiency of vitamin D preventing ossification. The bones actually bend because cartilage still dominates. Vitamin D is needed for calcium and phosphorus absorption.
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What are the functions of the skeleton?
Summary:
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1) framework for support
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2) attachment of skeletal muscles for movement
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3) protection of vital organs
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4) bone marrow is site of blood cell formation
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5) bone stores minerals needed for metabolism
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