AZ121 Industrial Network Protocols - Automotive, Security, IoT · PDF filePresentation....
Transcript of AZ121 Industrial Network Protocols - Automotive, Security, IoT · PDF filePresentation....
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(Part 3) Building Control Networking TrendsAZ121 Industrial Network Protocols
July 2009
Rudan BettelheimBuilding Control Segment Marketing Manager
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Agenda
► Introduction to Building Control Segment and Networking
►Wireless Protocols
►Wired Protocols
►Application Level Protocols
►Protocol Use and Trends in Building Control
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Industrial Network Protocols
Introduction to Building Control Segment and Networking
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Building Control Sub-segments
Fire & Alarm Video SurveillanceAccess Control
Utility Meters Lighting ControlHVACBuilding
Automation
•Fire Detection•Fire Annunciation•Fire Alarm Control Panel•Fire Alarm Notification•Intruder Detection•Intruder Notification•Security Control Panel
•IP Camera•IP Video Equipment•IP Camera Control•IP Video Monitor•IP Camera Remote Control•IP DVR•Automated Surveillance Video Processing/Analyt
ics
•Elevators & Escalators•Time & Attendance•Sanitation Control•Blinds, Doors & Windows•Commercial Kitchen Equipment•Warehouse Handling Equipment•Networked Load, Lighting, HVAC, Security Control
•Garage Door Openers•Residential Access Control•Commercial Access Control•Electronic locks
•Utility Meters•Utility Meters Communication Modules•Utility Load Control
•Boilers & Furnaces•Circulation Pumps•Compressors•Room Thermostats & Controls•Unitary Air Conditioners•Commercial Refrigeration•Humidity Control
•Electronic Ballast•Emergency Lighting•Lighting Control•Architectural Lighting•Street Lighting•Traffic Light Control
Building Control
Fire & Security
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Types of Networks
5
Star Mesh Peer to Peer Tree Ring Line Bus
•Low complexity•Coordinator can be a bottleneck•Range is likely
to be limited•High capacity
•Complex•High reliability
•Reduces bottlenecks
•High capacity
•Complex•Avoids
bottlenecks•Very large
capacity
•Effectively unlimited range
•Some predictability
•Bottlenecks can exist
•Simple•Inherently
tolerant of single fault
•Limited capacity
•Simple•Limited capacity
•Low reliability
•Simple•Easy to add
nodes•Limited range
•Limited capacity
Wireless
Wired
Powerline
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Enterprise Network (Ethernet)Within an organization, can be global
Site Network (Wired and/or Wireless Ethernet)Within a commercial site,
between equipment clusters
Inter-Equipment: Real-Time Managing Node(Wired and/or Wireless −
Bluetooth, 802.15.4/ZigBee®, WiFi, Ethernet, CAN, UART, USB)
Between boxes, within an equipment cluster
Device Level Network (SPI, UART, I2C, USB, SSI)Within a box or circuit board
InternetAnybody, anywhere
Multitiered Network Architecture
INTERNET
Multi-tiered Network Architecture
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Enterprise Network (Ethernet)Within an organization, can be global
Site Network (Wired and/or Wireless Ethernet)Within a commercial site,
between equipment clusters
Inter-Equipment: Real-Time Managing Node(Wired and/or Wireless −
Bluetooth, 802.15.4/ZigBee®, WiFi, Ethernet, CAN, UART, USB)
Between boxes, within an equipment cluster
Device Level Network (SPI, UART, I2C, USB, SSI)Within a box or circuit board
InternetAnybody, anywhere
Multitiered Network Architecture
INTERNETM
PUs
Net
wor
k Pr
oces
sors
MPU
s
MC
Us,
DSP
sMulti-tiered Network Architecture
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Protocol Layer Architecture
Data Link
Physical Link
Network
Transport
EthernetPhysical Layer
EthernetCSMA/CD
IP
TCP UDP
Encapsulation
ControlNetPhysical Layer
ControlNetCTDMA
Transport B(ControlNet)
DeviceNetPhysical Layer
CANCSMA/NBA
Transport A(DeviceNet)
FutureStandards
User Device Profiles
Message Routing, Connection Management
Data Management ServicesExplicit Messages, I/O Messages
Application Layer Application Object Library
I/O Encoders Valves Drives SEMI Others
Application
Presentation
Session
NAFEMBACnetDLNA
•••
EthernetCANUSB
UARTZigBee®N
etw
orki
ng-
Stan
dard
s Pr
otoc
ols
Indu
stry
-Spe
cific
D
ata-
Shar
ing
Prot
ocol
s
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Industrial Network Protocols
Wireless Protocols
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The 802 Wireless Space
Data Rate (Mbps)
Ran
ge
Millimeter-wave 802.15.3cWPAN
WLAN
WMAN
WWAN
WiFi802.11
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 2000
Bluetooth802.15.1
IEEE® 802.22
WiMAX802.16
IEEE® 802.20
802.15.4
Building Control Wireless Protocols
•
802.15.4/ZigBee/Wireles
sHART/ISA100.11•
Z-Wave•
Wi-Fi•
WiMAX•
Sub 1 GHz•
Bluetooth
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802.15.4 Protocol Stack Positioning
Cost
Less Sensitive
Cost S
ensitive
Cost is K
ing
MarketConsumer
Commercial
Industrial
ISA SP100.11a
ZigBee® 2007 Protocol
WirelessHART™
Specification
ZigBee® RF4CE Networking
Protocol
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IEEE® 802.15.4 Basics
Simple packet data protocol for lightweight wireless networks•
Released in 2003, update in 2006•
O-QPSK Modulation (2.4 GHz)•
DSSS Energy Spreading Scheme•
Three bands, 27 channels specified (2003)•
2.4 GHz: 16 channels, 250 kbps•
868.3 MHz : 1 channel, 20 kbps•
902-928 MHz: 10 channels, 40 kbps•
AES 128 Encryption and Authentication•
Communication Features•
Simple Frame Structure•
Reliable Data Delivery•
CSMA-CA•
Message Acknowledgement•
Network Support•
Employs 64-bit IEEE & 16-bit short addresses•
Supports Mesh, Star and Point-to-Point•
Non-Beaconed•
Beaconed •
Optional super frame structure with beacons•
Supports Guaranteed Time Slots (GTS)
868.3 MHz
902-928 MHz
2405-2480 MHz
No
No
No
Europe
Americas
Worldwide
20kbps
40kbps
250kbps
1
10
16
FrequencyBand
LicenseRequired?
DataRate
ChannelsRegion
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ZigBee, 802.15.4, SMAC
►Protocol description•
Mesh network•
Mostly on 2.4GHz band•
240kb/s bit rate►Hardware platform
•
Dedicated RF stage required•
MCU provides MAC and network layer•
S08 and i.MX
(Arm7 core) solutions available from FSL►Applications
•
Commercial Building Automation and Control•
Home Automation and Control•
Utility/Plant Management•
Institution and Home Patient Monitoring
PHY
MAC
NETWORK/SECURTLAYERS
APPLICATION
APPLICATION/PROFIL
IEE
ZigBeeAlliancePlatform
ApplicatioZigBee Platform StackSilico
ZigBe
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WirelessHART™ Overview►Based on 802.15.4 –
2006
•
Specification completed in 2007►Focuses on features for reliability
and co-existence•
Adds channel hoppingUses TDMA with a fixed 10ms time slotBlack listing of bad channelsProvides for sleeping routers
•
Higher default transmit power+10dBm
•
Mesh Network TopologyBased on DUST Networks TSMP (Time Synchronized Mesh ProtocolProvides flexible network organizationProvides redundant pathsSelf organizing and self healing
•
Dynamic bandwidth allocationFixed bandwidth for prioritized data and commands
•
Supports AES-128 ciphers and key support►Supports common HART devices
•
Wireless Field devices•
Bridges, Gateways and Access Points provide seamless access throughout the network
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MC1322x Platform in a Package (PiP)
•
Integrated 2.4GHz transceiver with 32-bit CPU
802.15.4 Compliant transceiverARM7TDMI up to 26Mhz
•
Lowest powerSignificant power reduction – up to 75%21mA maximum with radio and MCU13mA average with radio and MUC (buck converter enabled)
•
Plenty of memory for ZigBee Applications80K ROM (802.15.4 MAC) and 96K SRAM
•
High performance modeOptional TurboLink™ modeOver the air data rate of 2MbpsStreaming compressed audio, voice/intercom, file/data transfer
•
Improved RF performance-96dBm sensitivity (DCD Mode)-100 dBm NCD mode (+3-4 mA current)+4dBm power output
•
Hardware accelerator reduces MCU overhead
MAC accelerator (sequencer and DMA interface)AES 128-bit hardware encryption/decryption
•
Best in class peripheralsUART, SPI, KBI, 8 channel 12-bit ADC, 4x16-bit timer, I2C, SSI (I2S), 64GPIO
•
Unique platform in a packageHigh integrated package significantly reduces external component count and costRF matching in packageRequires power, xtal and 50 Ohm antennaMC13224 – 9.5 mm x 9.5 mm 99-pin LGA
–
128 KB FLASH, 96 KB RAM, 80 KB ROMMC13225 – 9.5 mm x 9.5 mm 99-pin LGA
–
128 KB FLASH, 96 KB RAM, 80 KB ROM–
TurboLink™
Balun TX/RXSwitchTX/RXSwitch
AnalogTX
AnalogRX
TXModem
RXModem
DigitalModem
802.15.4MAC
Accelerator(MACA)
802.15.4MAC
Accelerator(MACA)
IEEE® 802.15.4 Transceiver
AdvancedSecurityModule(ASM)
AdvancedSecurityModule(ASM)
SPIFLASHModule(SPIF)
128 KBSerial
FLASH
128 KBSerial
FLASH
AnalogPower
Management&
VoltageRegulation
AnalogPower
Management&
VoltageRegulation
RFOscillator/PLL
&Clock Generation
24 MHz (Typical) 32.768 KHz (Optional)
Clock &Reset
Module(CRM)
ARM7TDMI-S32-bitCPU
ARM7TDMI-S32-bitCPU
BusInterface &
MemoryArbitrator
BusInterface &
MemoryArbitrator
ARMInterrupt
Controller(AITC)
ARMInterrupt
Controller(AITC)
CPU Complex
80 KBROM80 KBROM
MC1322X Block Diagram
SCI/UARTModule
SCI/UARTModule
SCI/UARTModule
SCI/UARTModule
SSI/I2SModuleSSI/I2SModule
I2CModule
I2CModule
KeyboardInterfaceKeyboardInterface
SPIInterface
SPIInterface
GPIOControlGPIO
Control
TimerModuleTimer
Module
Up
to 6
4 G
PIO
Up
to 6
4 G
PIO
BatteryMonitorBatteryMonitor
Dat
a &
Add
ress
Bus
es
12-bitADC
12-bitADC
12-bitADC12-bitADC
12-bitADC12-bitADC
JTAG & Nexus
JTAG & Nexus
96 KBRAM
96 KBRAM
BuckConverter
BuckConverter
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ISA100.11a Summary
►
ISA is an open standards body following ANSI consensus procedures•
ISA100 will be a family of wireless standards focused on the needs of the Automation MarketsISA100.11a which will focus on Process AutomationFuture areas of interest are Factory/Building Automation and Discrete Manufacturing
►
Designed to support multiple “wired”
protocols into a single wireless infrastructure•
Supports wired protocols such as Profibus, DeviceNet, etc.•
Working closely with IETF to use a 6loWPAN for IP support►
Increased Interference and Multi-path Fading Mitigation•
Frequency hoppingChannel Blacklist (Avoids Congested Channels)Frequency Selection (Uses specific channels)
►
TDMA provides supports sleeping routers•
Enhances network reliability through greater redundant paths►
Ideal For•
Industrial applications that need increased robustness to interference and multipath•
Environments with multiple wired protocols•
Applications where battery operated routers are required►
Not Ideal For•
Low cost applications
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Z-Wave
17
Z-Wave is a wireless mesh network standard, targeted at Home Automation applications
►
Data throughput: 9.6 Kb/s or 40 Kb/s►
Frequency band: 900 MHz ISM•
908.42MHz (USA)•
868.42MHz (Europe)•
919.82MHz (Hong Kong)•
921.42MHz (Australia/New Zealand)
►
Modulation: GFSK►
Network size: Up to 232 nodes►
Range: Approximately 30 m (100 ft)
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Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1)
18
Bluetooth is a wireless standard for short range Personal Area Networks (PAN)
►
Data throughput: ►
Version 1.2: 1 Mb/s►
Version 2.0 + EDR: 3 Mb/s
►
Frequency band: 2.4 GHz ISM►
Modulation: GFSK►
Range: ►
Class 1: ~ 100m (max power 100 mW)►
Class 2: ~ 10m (max power 2.5 mW)►
Class 3: ~ 1m (max power 1 mW)
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Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11.)
19
WiFi (trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance) is a wireless LAN, the wireless companion to Ethernet
►
Range: Approximately 32 m (120 ft) indoors, and 95 m (300 ft) outdoors
Protocol Frequency Typical Throughput Max Bit Rate Modulation
802.11 2.4 GHz 0.9 Mb/s 2 Mb/s DSSS
802.11a 5 GHz 23 Mb/s 54 Mb/s OFDM
802.11b 2.4 GHz 4.3 Mb/s 11 Mb/s DSSS
802.11g 2.4 GHz 19 Mb/s 54 Mb/s OFDM
802.11n 2.4, 5 GHz 130 Mb/s 300 Mb/s OFDM
802.11y 3.7 GHz 54 Mb/s 54 Mb/s OFDM
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Example of Embedded Wi-Fi (ZeroG )
►Complete focus on embedded markets•
Single chip, highly integrated design •
Lowest total system BOM for Wi-Fi•
Very low power design
►ZeroG
chip architecture enables maximum flexibility•
Works with any
combination of host MCU and OS•
Very small system footprint: <1kB RAM required to host, <10kB ROM
•
NO
additional system resources required
►Highly portable design results in fast time to market•
Easy to design in to existing or new products…
a Wi-Fi I/O
►Compatible with standard b/g
access points
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WiMAX (IEEE 802.16)
21
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN) standard
►
Frequencies: 2 to 11 GHz, and 10 to 66 GHz►
Modulation: Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM), and Scalable Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SOFDMA)
►
Data throughput: Up to 70 Mb/s►
Range: Up to 50 km (~30 M)►
Target applications:►
Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots to the Internet►
Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for "last mile" broadband access►
Providing data and telecommunications services►
Providing a source of Internet connectivity as part of a business continuity plan►
Providing portable connectivity
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Access and Remote ControlRegional specific regulations allow low power communications on sub 1 GHz frequencies, for Access and Remote Control applications
►Frequencies: 13.5 to 915 MHz►Data throughput: Up to 100 Kb/s►Range: Up to approximately 30 m (~100 ft)►Example products:
►
MC33696 -
ECHO►
MC33596 –
ROMEO3
MC33596:Frequeny
: 315 to 915MHzModulation: OOK and FSK (software selectable) Data rate: up to 19.2kbpsTemperature range: -40 to+85°CSupply voltage: 2.1V-3.6V, 5VPackage: LQFP32
Receiver:Sensitivity: -104dBm to –81dBm typ
in 4 stepsData Manager with clock recovery for Manchester coded signalsRSSI: 70dB digital and 50dB analog Channel bandwidth: 400kHzCurrent consumption: 10mA typ
MC33696:Frequency: 315 to 915MHzModulation: OOK and FSK (software selectable) Data rate: up to 19.2kbpsTemperature range: -40 to+85°CSupply voltage: 2.1V-3.6V, 5VPackage: LQFP32 or QFN32
Receiver:Sensitivity: -104dBm to –72dBm typ
in 4 stepsData Manager with clock recovery for Manchester coded signalsRSSI range: 70dB digital and 40dB analog Channel bandwidth: 380kHzCurrent consumption: 10mA typ
Transmitter:Output power: -19 to +7dBm in 4 stepsFSK frequency deviation: programmable from 6kHz to 192kHzCurrent consumption: 13mA typ
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Industrial Network Protocols
Wired Protocols
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Enterprise Network (Ethernet)Within an organization, can be global
Site Network (Wired and/or Wireless Ethernet)Within a commercial site,
between equipment clusters
Inter-Equipment: Real-Time Managing Node(Wired and/or Wireless −
ZigBee®, CAN, UART)Between boxes, within an equipment cluster
Device Level Network (SPI, UART, I2C, CAN)Within a box or circuit board
InternetAnybody, anywhere
Multitiered Network Architecture
MPU
sINTERNET
Net
wor
k Pr
oces
sors
MPU
s
MC
Us,
DSP
s
Free
scal
e C
ontr
olle
r Con
tinuu
mMulti-tiered Network Architecture
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Summary of Wired Transport Protocols
Protocol Type Topology NotesUART RS232,
RS485 Asynchronous Bus, and Point to Point Simple and in widespread use, but definition does not include addressing
CAN Asynchronous Bus Very robust, includes error detection, fault isolation, and content based addressing
SPI Synchronous Bus, and Point to Point Simple and in widespread use for device interconnect, uses separate chip select lines
I2C Synchronous Bus, and Point to Point Simple and in widespread use for device interconnect, includes address transmission
USB SynchronousTree (with hubs), and Point to
Point In widespread use
SDIO Synchronous Bus, and Point to Point Based on SPI, with optional additional data lines
Ethernet AsynchronousStar, Tree (with routers,
switches and hubs), Ring, Line, Bus (early versions)
Very widespread use
Powerline Asynchronous Bus Several Powerline
protocols are competing for acceptance as the industry standar
SSI (I2S) Synchronous Point to Point Used for digital audio, connecting a processor to an audio CODEC
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Powerline: PRIME (PLM)
►Protocol description•
OFDM Power Line modem for CENELEC band A Utilities use for AMR•
Communications up to 120kb/s in CENELC ban A•
MAC & PHY characteristics currently defined by PRIME•
ALL other protocol details are the subject of the PRIME2 project
and are not currently available, these include OSI mapping, Data flow, Software flow, networking layers
and application layers
►Hardware platform•
Requires dedicated DSP hardware and AFE (ADC/DAC/PGA coupler interface)•
Typically requires hardware acceleration to aid OFDM communications•
PLM modem typically operates as master and communicates with SCI
or SPI so no special mcu
requirements hardware wise, software oh host TBD (PRIME2)
►Applications•
Metering AMR, Street lighting
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Powerline: HomePlug (PLM)►Protocol description
•
HomePlug®
1.0 —
Released June 2001 —
Specification for connecting devices via power lines in the home. Theoretical speed of 14 Mbit/s.
•
HomePlug®
1.0 Turbo —
Faster, unofficial specification for connecting devices via power lines in the home. Theoretical speed of 85 Mbit/s.
•
HomePlug®
AV —
Released December 2005 —
Designed for transmitting HDTV and VoIP around the home. Theoretical PHY datarate
of up to 189 Mbit/s.[1]•
HomePlug®
Access BPL (BPL) —
under development —
A working group to develop a specification for to-the-home connection.
•
HomePlug®
Command & Control (HPCC) —
Released October 9, 2007 —
It's a low-speed, very low-
cost technology intended to complement the alliance's higher-speed powerline
communications technologies. The specification enable advanced, whole-house control of lighting, appliances, climate control, security and other devices.
•
HomePlug
is now the umbrella for the IEEE1901 powerline
standard►Hardware platform
•
Primary interface is Ethernet MII with some devices supporting USB (mainly older products)►Applications
•
WiFi
bridge (room room)•
Ethernet over power•
Video repeaters•
Externally mounted Electricity meter (as in US) to in home Zigbee
/ HAN connectivity
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Konnex
►
Protocol descriptionEncompasses 4 hardware mediums
Twisted Pair –
UART based -
legacy industrial control protocolPowerline
modem –
110kHz -RF -
800Mhz FSKEthernet.
►
Baud Rate = 10/100Mbit for Ethernet, 2400-9600 bits/sec for others
►
Hardware platform•
UART base for Twisted pair and powerline
modem.•
Powerline
modem device.•
800-915Mhz FSK transceiever
(ECHO)•
Ethernet modem
►
Applications•
Industrial Control & Building Control, Home Control
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M-BUS (Wireless, Wired & PLM)
►Protocol descriptionThe M-Bus ("Meter-Bus") is a European standard for remote reading of heatmeters
and it is also usable for all other types of consumption meters (Gas, water, electricity) as well as sensors and actuators.
•
BS EN 1434-3:1997 -
Heat meters. Data exchange and interfaces
•
IEC 870 –
Datalink
•
MBUS –
Physical transceiver
•
CENLEC TC294 -
►Hardware platform -
Transceivers•
Typically connect via async
serial, ie
SCI/UART RS232
►Applications•
Metering AMR, heat allocators, Gas, Water & Electricity meters
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Industrial Network Protocols
Application Level Protocols
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Application Level Protocols
User Device Profiles
Message Routing, Connection Management
Data Management ServicesExplicit Messages, I/O Messages
Application Layer Application Object Library
I/O Encoders Valves Drives SEMI Others
Application
Presentation
Session
NAFEMBACnetDLNA
•••
Indu
stry
-Spe
cific
D
ata-
Shar
ing
Prot
ocol
s
•
Industry or Market Segment specific•
Typically use standard transport protocols•
Define communication of application level information (e.g. room
temperature)•
Enable high level system (building) inter-operation•
Enable equipment inter-operability (from different vendors)•
Example: Security system communicates room occupancy to HVAC
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NAFEM and NDP
►
NAFEM is the North American Association of Food Equipment Manufacturers►
NDP is the NAFEM Data Protocol for networking and interoperability of commercial kitchen equipment.
►
Application examples:•
Alarm Systems•
Blast Chillers•
Dishwashers•
Beverage Dispensers•
Food Waste Disposal Systems•
Electronic Timers/Cooking Computers•
Freezers•
Fryers (Gas & Electric)•
Gateway•
Heater/Proofer Cabinets•
Ovens•
Thermometers
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BACnet “Building Automation and Controls network”►
Applications: HVAC control, Fire detection and alarm, Lighting control, Security, Smart elevators, Utility company interface
►
BACnet
specifies most all of the most common functions: analog
and binary input, output, and values; control loops; schedules, etc., that clearly apply to almost any kind of monitoring or control application
►
All BACnet
objects provide a set of properties which are used to get information from the object, or give information and commands to an object.
•
23 standard objects defined describe data, commands, scheduling and logical flow►
LAN options: Ethernet, ARCNET,EIA-485 (token ring (MS/TP), peer to peer PTP), BACNet/IP, Konnex, LonTalk
►
Business model: Open standard, free for use with no restrictions
www.bacnet.org/
BACnet vendors (sample)ABBAndoverAutomated LogicBauer, IngenieurbüroCarrierControl Applications Ltd.Delta ControlsHoneywellInvensysJohnson ControlsKMC ControlsLiebertLighting Control and DesignLutron
ElectronicsMammothSiemens -
SBTTraneYork
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ANSI/CEA 709.1(LON)
► Applications•
Networked communication in building control/factory automation
► Protocol description•
Building Control protocol developed originally by Echelon Corporation and now defined in ANSI/CEA 709.1 –
used within the LonWorks
platform for network communications –
primarily within building control
•
Defined to operate in a free topology network configuration with
a twisted pair transceiver or work with a powerline
transceiver–
709.1 standard defines physical layer implementation and all ISO layers to layer 7 –
Application layer
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Nema DALI
► Protocol description2 Wire Bus
Power from DALI ControlHalf Duplex Comms
via 1 wire DALI Data lineMax of 63 addressable devices on 1 DALI bus.
►
Baud Rate = 1200 bits/sec.
► Hardware platform•
Modified UART based 1200 with Bi-phase Decode/Encode. + programmable STOP/START bits.
•
Interrupt on Receive and Transmit of Data.•
Optical isolation required.
► Applications•
Light Ballast, and being pushed as alternative for HBLED hi end.
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DMX512
► Protocol description•
Basically 3/5 wired protocol with 1 data signal constructed using 2 differential lines, common/ground and optional second set of Data lines.
•
Half Duplex communication running at bit rate 250Kbaud.•
Level Shifted data from physical interface can be controlled via
an 8bit SCI/UART with 2nd
STOP bit insertion. (we have 9bit Data option)
► Hardware platform•
UART based with programmable STOP bit size.•
Differential mode output
► Applications•
Standard Wired Comms
Protocol used extensively in Industrial Lighting•
Theatre Stage Lighting•
Exhibition Lighting
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openACN: ACN standard “ANSI E1.17 -2006 Architecture for Control Networks”
► Protocol description•
ACN standard “ANSI E1.17 -2006 Architecture for Control Networks”•
Open standard for control of devices, aimed at entertainment technology•
Developed by the Entertainment Services and Technology Association
(ESTA). See ESTA's
Control Protocols Working Group
•
openACN features: portable to different processors and IP stacks, support RLP, SDT
and DMP protocols, BSD licence
•
Currently openACN
must be built from source code which is maintained in a Subversion repository. Sourceforge
► Hardware platform•
Typically runs over Ethernet•
The protocol is designed to be layered on top of UDP/IP
and therefore will run over standard, inexpensive Ethernet
and 802.11
(Wi-Fi) network links.•
ACN relies on UDP
in order to pass its messages. Where reliability is required, the Session Data Transport sub protocol allows semi-reliability of only the latest value for a particular "channel".
► Applications•
Commercial Building Automation and Control•
Home Automation and Control•
It may replace DMX
as the control protocol for lighting systems and will be used for controlling more complex devices like video playback servers (media servers)
and audio mixers
and has been proposed as the sole or primary transport for HD-MIDI.
www.engarts.eclipse.co.uk/acn/openacn.html en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_for_Control_Networks
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enOcean
►Protocol description•
Packets of data are transmitted at 120 kbit/s
with the packet being 14 bytes long with a four byte data payload. RF energy is only transmitted for the 1's on the data, reducing the amount of power required. Three packets are sent at pseudo-random
intervals reducing the possibility of packet collisions. Push switches also transmit a further three data packets on release of the switch push-button, enabling other features such as light dimming to be implemented. [4]
•
This technology also enables a wireless community of battery-free sensors to connect to transceivers that are powered for continuous operation. Therefore it can be used for wireless mesh networking
(nonstandard mesh protocol).►Hardware platform
•
Developed by
EnOcean GmbH
(a spin-off company of Siemens AG
)•
Based around energy scavenging technology. An example is the ability to be powered from Peltier
devices with a minimum of 2 degrees Celsius temperature difference on each side of a 15 mm square Peltier
panel ►Applications
•
Home Automation and Control
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enocean
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What is Ethernet AVB?
The IEEE 802.1 Audio/Video Bridging (AVB) is a comprehensive set of standards to enable high quality, low-
latency streaming of time-sensitive applications to provide bandwidth and latency guarantees for streaming and interactive applications. This includes wired (802.3) and wireless (802.11)
These standards specify a means of providing •
Time synchronization (IEEE 802.1AS, Level 2 1588)•
Resource reservation protocol (IEEE 802.1Qat)•
Forwarding and queuing rules (IEEE 802.1 Qav)
The market includes applications requiring Isochronous or streaming service such as Consumer Electronics, Professional Audio/Video, Telecom, Instrumentation, and Automotive.
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Summary of HAN StandardsWired:►
Homeplug
(Power line)•
3 separate protocols –Command and Control, HP 1.0, HP A/V►
MoCA
(Multimedia over Cable Alliance)•
AVHAN Focused•
Primarily a North American standard where cable (coax) penetration is greatest•
Chosen by Verizon►
HomePNA
(cable and phone line)•
Chosen by AT&T►
ITU G.hn•
Attempt to come up with single standard for powerline, cable, and phone•
Standard is in development►
CAT-5•
Not desirable for room to room networking in existing homes –
the market wants no new cables.
Wireless:►
802.11n (WiFi
with Quality of Service)•
Leading solution today for computer networking but not considered adequate for HD AV applications by service providers
►
Wimedia
(UWB wireless)•
Current OFDM-based solution has bandwidth problems•
CDMA UWB could be a long range solutions►
Zigbee•
Well suited for MCHAN in many instances but not suitable for all
applications including multiple family dwellings •
Recently partnered with Homeplug
at request of utilities to create a common applications layer for smart energy.►
Z-Wave•
Used for existing home automation•
Supported by Nokia
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Industrial Network Protocols
Protocol Use and Trends in Building Control
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Networking Trends in Building Control
Standards in Building Control Networking “Is a bag of hurt”
►Multiple transport layer standards are being promoted for Powerline
and Wireless
►Multiple application level standards are being promoted for Home Automation and Lighting Control
►Unclear application level standardization for Fire & Security and Metering
42
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Building Control Transport Protocols
Commercial Building
Automation
Home Automation
Utility Meters Lighting ControlHVAC
Building Automation
Fire & Security
Site & Inter- Equipment
Wired
Device Level SPI, UART, I2C, USB, SDIO, SSI
Site & Inter- Equipment Wireless
UART (RS232, RS485) UART (RS232, RS485)
Ethernet
Powerline
WiFi
Bluetooth
802.15.4, ZigBee, WirelessHART, Z-Wave
< 1GHz
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Building Control Application Specific Protocols
Commercial Building
Automation
Home Automation
Utility Meters Lighting ControlHVAC
Building Automation
Fire & Security
X10
LonWorks
BACnet
HomePlug
(AV)
PRIME
DLNA
X10 X10
DALI
DMX512
HomePlugHomePlug
KONNEX
DLNA DLNA
BACnet
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IEEE® 802.15.4 Applications
Cost
Proprietary Networks (802.15.4
and SMAC)
ZigBee®
RF4CE
WirelessHART™
ZigBee®
Gaming and Toys
Security
SmartEnergy
RemoteControl
MedicalMonitoring
HomeControl
BuildingControl
IndustrialControl
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The Internet of Things and WiFi
To Monitor
To Control
To Interact
To Connect
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Metering Communication
Data Concentrator to Meter
Data Concentrator to Meter Meter to HomeMeter to Home
Wire
less
WiMAXZigBeeMBUSGPRSNIVIS
WiFiZigBeeZ-Wave
Sub 1GHz
Wire
d (P
LM)
OpenMeter/PRIMEKONNEXLonWorks
PLAN
HomePlug/HomePlug
AVHD-PLC
UPAG.hn
Sta
ndar
d S
elec
tor
Utility
Unclear:Consumer, Home Automation Supplier,
Utility, Appliance Manufacturer, IP Holder,STB Supplier, Smart Phone Supplier, HVAC
Supplier, Building Owner
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Building Control Networking Trends
Sub-Segment Wired Trend Wireless Trend
Fire & SecurityInstalled base is primarily UART and
proprietary based, with increasing trend toward Ethernet based systems
Security systems moving towards short range wireless to simplify
installation
Commercial Building Automation
Many existing systems are UART based, but a clear trend towards Ethernet based
BACnet
Wireless is used for hard to wire sensors. Use of existing WiFi
networks is preferred, but may
require too much power
Home Automation
New construction increasingly includes Ethernet, but existing homes are ideal for
Powerline. Lack of an established standard will slow adoption. X 10 is
declining due to low reliability
ZigBee
and Z-Wave compete for adoption as the dominant standard
Utility Meters Competing Powerline
standards for both utility and home connection
Competing standards for utility connection from ZigBee
to WiMAX, with slight trend towards ZigBee
in home connection
Lighting ControlCompeting UART based standards, all require additional connection. X 10 is
declining, and new competing Powerline
standards are slowing adoption
General interest in ZigBee
and Z-
Wave, even some Bluetooth
applications. Expect strong growth with LED lighting due to lower heat
Low level in system connectivity
Expect SPI and I2C to continue to be used for basic connectivity, with a trend towards USB and SDIO for more complex peripherals such as WiFi, firmware
updates, and mass storage
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ColdFire MCU RoadmapFlash
MCF52110RTC
MCF521/2/3/4CAN
MCF528210/100, CAN
32KB
64KB
128K
B25
6KB
512K
B
MCF528110/100, CAN
1MB
MCF52230/110/100 + PHY
CAN
MCF52233/4/510/100 + PHYCAN, Crypto
MCF5216CAN
General Purpose / Low Power
Ethernet USB
MCF52210USB otg
MCF52211USB otg,
MCF51ACAppliance
MotorControl
MCF51ACAppliance
MotorControl
MCF5225xEthernet, USB, Ext Bus, CAN
MCF52223USB otg,
MCF52100RTC
MC51QEUltra Low
Power
MCF52 – V2 CoreMCF51 – V1 Core
MCF51JMUSB otg, CAN,
crypto
MCF52236 10/100 + PHY
MCF52232 10/100 + PHY
MCF51CN128
Ext. Bus
MCF52213USB otg, 50MHz
MCF52212USB otg, 50MHz
MC51FQE Ultra Low
Power
MCF51JMUSB otg, CAN,
crypto
MCF5225xEthernet, USB, Ext Bus, CAN
MCF51CN64
Ext. Bus
MC51QEUltra Low
Power
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MCF5253ATA, ADC
2* CAN
USB Ethernet
MCF520xUART
I2C
MCF523xeTPUCAN
ColdFire MPU RoadmapCoreSpeed
Ethernet + USB Dual Ethernet + USB
MCF5272USBPWM
MCF5274/5CRYPTO
PWM
MCF537x2* USBCrypto
MCF532xLCD
Crypto
MCF547x/8xPCI
CRYPTO CAN
V2 C
ore
V3 C
ore
V4 C
ore
MCF5227xLCD
Touchscreen,CAN
MCF5445xPCI
ATA
MCF54 – V4 CoreMCF53 – V3 CoreMCF52 – V2 Core
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Processors for Industrial Control, Networking and HMI
Process Control~100 DMIPS< 0.5 W< $5
I/O Control200 –
400 DMIPS< 1
W< $10
PLC/PAC and HMI300 –
800 DMIPS< 1.5 W< $10 -
20
High-End PLC/PAC500 –
1500 DMIPS< 2.5 W –
5 W> $15
2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9
High-End Networking1000 DMIPS and up4W -
10 W> $20
MCF5225xMCF5227x
MCF5445x
i.MX35x
i.MX25x
MPC8360MPC837x
MPC8544MPC8536
MPC8313
MPC5121e/23
MPC8314/15
MPC8610
i.MX31i.MX27L
MPC551x*
ARM®ColdFire®
Power®
LCD Control
MPC8640
MCF52235
MCF532x
i.MX51xMPC5xxx
P1020 QorIQ*
P1011 QorIQ
P2020 QorIQ*P2010 QorIQ
Pin Compatible
P10xx QorIQ
MCF5xxx
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Industrial Control, Networking and HMI – CAN Support
Process Control~100 DMIPS< 0.5 W< $5
I/O Control200 –
400 DMIPS< 1
W< $10
PLC/PAC and HMI300 –
800 DMIPS< 1.5 W< $10 -
20
High-End PLC/PAC500 –
1500 DMIPS< 2.5 W –
5 W> $15
2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9
High-End Networking1000 DMIPS and up4W -
10 W> $20
MCF5225xMCF5227x
i.MX35x
i.MX25x
MPC5121e/23
MPC551x*
ARM®ColdFire®
Power®
LCD ControlMCF52235
MCF532x
MPC51x
P10xx QorIQ
MCF5xxx
►CANopen
can run fully on these processors with on-chip CAN controller
►Other devices support CAN by connecting external CAN controller
•
Freescale CAN PHY MCZ33897
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Q&A
►Thank you for attending this presentation. We’ll now take a few moments for the audience’s questions and then we’ll begin the question and answer session.
TM