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Transcript of Aviation History & Current Scenario
8/3/2019 Aviation History & Current Scenario
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Presented By
Amir A l i
Chie f Engineer (Ma intenance Opera t ions Cent re )
8 th Sep 2009
Prepared By
M. Ami r Ma l i k
Aerospace Engineer
AVIATION HISTORY &CURRENT SCENARIO
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Aviation History
Evolution of Aircraft
Introduction to Aviation Regulation
Current Aviation Industry Scenario
Major Aircraft Manufacturers
Major Airlines
Current Aviation Statistics
Problems faced by Airlines
Solutions
Sequence of Presentation
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"Man will not be able to fly
for at least another 50years"
●
--WrightBrothers, c. 1900
Three years later, theyproved themselves wrong...
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First powered airplane todemonstrate sustained flightunder the full control of the pilot.Designed and built by Wilbur andOrville Wright in Dayton, Ohio, it
was assembled in the autumn of 1903 at a camp at the base of theKill Devil Hills, near Kitty Hawk, avillage on the Outer Banks of North Carolina.
Wright flyer of 1903
December 17,
1903
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Wright flyer of 1903
After a first attemptfailed on December 14,
the machine was flownfour times on December17, to distances of 120,175, 200, and 852 feet(36.6, 53.3, 61, and 260m), respectively.
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Aviation History
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Evolution of Commercial
Aircraft
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Aircraft in the Making
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Aviation Regulations
Introduction
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The International Civil AviationOrganization (ICAO), a specialized agencyof the United Nations, was created with thesigning in Chicago, on 7 December 1944, of the
Convention on International Civil Aviation. ICAOis the permanent body charged with theadministration of the principles laid out in theConvention.
ICAO
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The aims and objectives of ICAO, are to develop the principles andtechniques of international air navigation and to foster the planning anddevelopment of international air transport so as to:
ensure the safe and orderly growth of international civil aviation
encourage the arts of aircraft design and operation for peaceful purposes;
encourage the development of airways, airports and air navigation facilities;
meet the needs of the peoples of the world for safe, regular, efficient andeconomical air transport;
prevent economic waste caused by unreasonable competition;
ensure that the rights of Contracting States are fully respected and that every
Contracting State has a fair opportunity to operate international airlines;promote safety of flight in international air navigation;
promote generally the development of all aspects of international civil aeronautics.
ICAO Functions
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The Convention on International Civil Aviation (theChicago Convention) states that signatories shouldcollectively work to harmonize and standardize theuse of airspace for safety, efficiency and regularity of
air transport. All the States signatory to the ChicagoConvention, now 188, are obliged to implement theStandards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) of the Convention.
Civil Aviation Authorities
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Each signatory country has a Civil AviationAuthority (CAA) (such as the FAA in the UnitedStates) to oversee the following areas of civilaviation:
Personnel Licensing — regulating the basictraining and issuance of licenses and
certificates.Flight Operations — carrying out safetyoversight of commercial operators.
Airworthiness — issuing certificates of re istration and certificates of airworthiness to
Civil Aviation Authorities
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The Civil Aviation Authority was created inDecember 1982 to handle all matters related toCivil Aviation in Pakistan.
The CAA not only serves as a regulatory bodyon behalf of the Government of Pakistan, itsfunctions include provision of services such asfacilitation, air space management, Air TrafficControl and Fire Fighting Services. The Authorityis also responsible for the planning,development and maintenance of all civilaviation infrastructure in the country.
CAA Pakistan
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The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is an international industry trade groupof airlines headquartered in Montreal, Quebec,
Canada.
IATA's mission is to represent, lead and serve
the airline industry. IATA represents some 230airlines comprising 93% of scheduledinternational air traffic.
IATA
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to act as a price setting body for internationalairfare
IATA assigns 3-letter IATA Airport Codes and 2-
letter IATA airline designators, which arecommonly used worldwide.
IATA is pivotal in the worldwide accreditation of travel agents.
IATA regulates the shipping of dangerous goods.
IATA maintains the Timatic database containingcross border passenger documentation
requirements.
IATA Functions
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Current Aviation Scenario
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Airbus – European Joint venture, France
Boeing – USA
Bombardier – USA
Embraer – Brazil
ATR – Italy - France
Aviacor - Russia
Major Aircraft Manufacturers(Commercial)
j i f f
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Major Aircraft Manufacturers
In 1960’s, the Three USCommercial Aircraft
Manufacturers had over 90%Market Share, Today Airbus has
over 50% Market Share
B i Ai b
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Boeing vs Airbus
Airbus vs Boeing annual orders: 2001 to 2008
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AIRLINE OF THE YEAR 2009
Rank Airline 2008
1 Cathay Pacific Airways 2
2 Singapore Airlines 1
3 Asiana Airlines 5
4 Qatar Airways 7
5 Emirates 9
6 Qantas 3
7 Etihad Airways 10
8 Air New Zealand 8
9 Malaysia Airlines 6
10 Thai Airways 4
W ld T B i Cl
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Worlds Top Business Classes
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T Ai li b N t P fit i
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Top Airlines by Net Profit in2008
Rank2008
Airline CountryNet Profit($Million)
1 Lufthansa Germany 880
2 Qantas Australia 876
3 Turkish Airlines Turkey 868
4 SingaporeAirlines
Singapore 737
5 Emirates Airline UAE 405
6 LAN Airlines Chile 336
7 Aeroflot RussianAirlines
Russia 232
8 SouthwestAirlines
USA 178
9 Air New Zealand New Zealand168Sour ce: Airline Business Aug 2009
T Ai li G b
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Top Airlines Groups byRevenue 2008
Rank2008
Airline CountryNet Revenue
($Million)
1 Lufthansa Germany 36,533
2 Air France - KLM France 33,739
3 AMR Corp USA 23,766
4 Delta Airlines USA 22,697
5 FedEx USA 22,364
6 United Airlines USA 20,194
7 Japan Airlines Japan 19,453
8 Continental Airlines USA 15,241
9 British Airways UK 15,013
10 Qantas Australia 14,621
Source: Airline Business Aug 2009
P bl F d b Ai li
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Fuel Prices
Global Economic Recession
Increased security requirements
Environmental Issues
Airport Capacity
Low-Cost Carriers saturating the market
Cockpit Crew Shortage
Problems Faced by Airlines
F l P i T d
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Fuel Prices Trend
Fi i l F t
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Financial Forecast
Financial Forecast shows a global industry loss of US$
9 Billion.
Ad t i C i l
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E- Ticketing
Self Check-in Kiosks
Fuel Efficient Aircraft Engines
Lesser Carbon Emissions
Low-cost carriers
Light Weight Aircrafts increasing payloadcapacity
Technological breakthrough Nav/ Comm Aids
In-Flight Services (IFE, Telecom, Internet)
Advancements in CommercialAviation
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Thank You