Autonomic Nervous System Period 5 Jacquelene Hanein, Karina Guerrero, Martha Kwon.
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Transcript of Autonomic Nervous System Period 5 Jacquelene Hanein, Karina Guerrero, Martha Kwon.
Autonomic Nervous SystemPeriod 5Jacquelene Hanein, Karina Guerrero, Martha Kwon
● Processing center of nervous system
● Receives and sends info to PNS
● Made up of brain and spinal cord
● Cannot heal itself
Central Nervous System
● Connects CNS to organs in body
● Carries signals from the CNS
● Made up of two different types of cells (sensory/motor nervous cells)
● Can heal itself
Peripheral Nervous System
● Brain: control system of bodyo Forebrain:
Thalamus + hypothalamus
Cerebrum Cerebral Cortex
Central Nervous SystemLobes and Hemispheres
o Midbraino Hindbrain
Pons: connects cerebral cortex to medulla oblongata
o Cerebellum: motor movement coordination, balance/equilibrium, muscle tone
o Medulla Oblongata: controls autonomic functions like breathing, digestion, circulatory system function, swallowing, sneezing
Central NS Cont.
5 parts of the brain
● Brainstem: connects cerebrum with spinal cordo relay of motor/sensory
signals between brain and spinal cord
o Controls life supporting autonomic functions of PNS
● Spinal Cord
Central NS Cont.
The motor nervous system can be separated into two nervous systems●Autonomic nervous system
o Parasympathetic divisiono Sympathetic Division
●Somatic nervous system o Cranial Nerves: connect the
upper body and heado Spinal Nerves: connect the rest
of the body
Peripheral Nervous System
neural pathway that controls an action reflex
●Reflex action occurs:○ involuntary, almost instantaneous○ sensory neurons synapse at the spinal cord
●Nerve impulses enter sensory neuron●Impulse allows afferent neurons to connect with motor neurons
○ to reach effectors and initiate reflex
Reflex Arc
affects internal organs ex) peristaltic contraction of smooth muscle of intestines
Reflex Arc: Autonomic arc
Reflex Arc: Somatic Arc affects muscles
ex) knee jerk tests that a doctor gives
In the ANS there are two neuron efferent pathways:Preganglionic neuron has to synapse into the postganglionic neuron before stimulating the
organ.
●Preganglionic neuron= ACho Sympathetic preganglionic neurons= shorter with more synapses than parasympathetic
●Postganglionic neurons= norepinephrine ●Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons= ACh
Reflex Arc
● CNS + PNS = ANS● Parasympathetic neurons: sacral region in spinal cord + medulla
oblongata, pons, brainstem, midbrain● Sympathetic neurons: body of spinal cord
Organization of ANS
Neurotransmitters
Preganglionic Neurons●Both cholinergicPostganglionic Neurons●Cholinergic vs Adrenergic***some sympathetic neurons can be cholinergic (i.e. sweat glands, skin)
Receptors
If Cholinergic…●muscarinic receptors●nicotinic receptors
If Adrenergic…●alpha receptor●beta receptor
Termination of Neurotransmitters
● ACh broken down by AChE ● Norepinephrine deactivated by monoamine oxidase
Regulation of ANS
● Control centers in medulla oblongata o cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory
● Hypothalamuso regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, ion balance
● Limbic System & Cerebral Cortexo emotional stress
● Klabunde, Richard E. "Adrenergic and Cholinergic Receptors in Blood Vessels." CV Physiology:. Richard E. Klabunde, PhD, 23 Apr. 2014. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
● Klabunde, Richard E. "Autonomic Ganglia." CV Pharmacology. Richard E. Klabunde, PhD, 27 Jan. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
● Shier, David, Jackie Butler, and Ricki Lewis. "The Nervous System." Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology. Eleventh Edition ed. New York: McGrawHill Higher Education, 2007. Print.
● Upchurch, Jim. "Receptors and the Autonomic Nervous System." Receptors and the Autonomic Nervous System. EMS1, 12 Oct. 2010. Web. 22 Apr. 2015.
● "What Are Neurotransmitters?" What Are Neurotransmitters? Web. 22 Apr. 2015. <https://www.neurogistics.com/TheScience/WhatareNeurotransmi09CE.asp>.
● "Cerebral Cortex." MedicineNet. Web. 22 Apr. 2015. <http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11490>.
Bibliography