Automatic Transmissions...

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AUMT 2325 & 2332 Automatic Transmission

Automatic TransmissionsIntroduction

Matthew WhittenBrookhaven College


Introduction:

The purpose of a transmission:Transmit power from the engine to the drive wheels.To disconnect the running engine from the drive wheels during gear changesReverse the direction of power flow when the vehicle must backup Multiply engine torque as needed

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Compare and Contrast

Manual systemProvides multiple gear ratiosMultiplies torque through use of gear ratiosGear changes provided by driver

Automatic systemProvides multiple gear ratiosMultiplies torque through use of gear ratiosMultiplies torque through the use of a torque converterProvides automatic gear changes


Gear ratios

Overdrive:Input rpm is lower than the output

Underdrive Input rpm is higher than the output

Direct driveInput rpm is equal to the output

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Transmission and TransaxlesA transmission consists of:

Torque converterPlanetary gearsets

A transaxle consists of:Torque converter Planetary gearsetFinal drive gearsetdifferential


Transmission External Components

TSS/ISSTorque converterTR/DTROSS/VSSVentFluid level indicatorPan Servo coversPressure taps

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Transmission Internal Components


Transmission Internal Components

Converter housing PumpTorque converterInput shaftBandClutch DrumHubOutput shaft

Ring gearPlanets Sun gearShellCaseOne way clutchValve bodyFilter Sump

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Ford Transmission Numbering

1. The First digit is the number of available forward gears

2. The second is mounting style RWD or FWD

3. The third is the torque capacity4. The fourth is left for gear ratio

ranges (wide from narrow) and shifting schemes (synchronous/non synchronous)


Ford RWD Automatics

C3A4LD4R44E5R55E5R55W5R55S

The C3 originally started as a three speed, the A4LD was created by adding an additional planetary set.The final renditions are 5 and 6 speed units.

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Ford RWD AutomaticsAODAODE4R70W4R75E

Has always been a four speed with overdrive.The early AOD used hydraulic controls for all internal operationsThe AODE started the electronic controls.The latest model 4R75E is used in newest model Fords


Ford RWD AutomaticsC6E40D4R1004R110WTORQSHIFT

The C6 geartrainproduced 3 forward speeds.The E4OD added an additional planet set to create a 4 speed with electronic controls.The latest Torqshift is the highest load handler, and has 6 speeds.

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Ford RWD Automatics

6R60ZF transmissionUsed in 2006 Explorer/Mountaineer

6HP26ZF transmissionUsed in 2005 Navigator and Expedition models


Ford FWD AutomaticsAXOD*AXODE*AX4S*AX4N*CD4E4F27E4F50N6F50(GM/Ford)FNR56Speed

AXOD used hydraulic controls(1985).AXODE started the integration of electronicsThe latest models 4F50N and AX4S are used in the Taurus and Freestar

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Ford FWD Automatics

4F27EExclusively a Focus transmissionNew design.


GM Transmission Numbering

First Placing:Number of transmission gears

Second Placing:Mounting type, Transversely/Longitudinally

Torque Rating:NM, number multiplied by 10= rating in NM’s

Control Type:Electronic, used to differentiate between older hydraulic transmission designs and their newer electronic cousins.

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GM RWD Automatics

700R44L60E4L65E


GM RWD Automatics

LT1000

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GM FWD Automatics

125C3T40E4T60E


GM FWD Automatics

4L80E6L80E

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Ford FWD Automatics

CD4EVery old transmissionUsed in Probe originallyCurrently used in the Escape


Ford FWD Automatics

4EATF4E-III

Escort transmissions

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Fluid Types Type AType CJType FDextron Dextron IIDextron IIEDextron IIIXT-9-QMM5 (Mazda)

Mercon Mercon V XT-5-QMMercon SyntheticMercon SP XT-6-QSPCVT XT-7-QFCMotorcraft Premium transmission fluid. XT-8-QAW


Transmission Fluid

The purpose of fluid:LubricateCoolTransfer powerDisperse particlesAnti-oxidation Friction modificationImpact dampening

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Transmission Fluid

Transmission fluid components:Anti-foam agents Anti-wear agents Corrosion inhibitors Dispersants Friction-modifiersOxidation stabilizers Seal swell controllersViscosity index improversMagnesium


Checking the levelwith dipstick

Vehicle at operating temperatureLevel surfaceEngine running In park or neutralUse cross hatching on stickNotches or holes are for cold level

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Checking the levelwithout a dipstick

Tools:WDS/PDS/NGSAir nozzleFluid transporter/evacuator/injectorFill plug adapter



Using WDS monitor TFT, obtain 80-120˚FMove range selector into each gear allowing for engagementReturn to parkRemove stand pipe plug Install stand pipe adapter

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