Autism Presentation , MIPSTAR, MALDIVES
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Transcript of Autism Presentation , MIPSTAR, MALDIVES
MIPSTARMALE’S,MALDIVES
TOPIC PRESENTED BY: KUNNAMPALLIL GEJO JOHN, MASLP,AUDIOLOGIST AND SPEECH LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST
AUTISMWORLD AUTISM AWARENESS
DAY 2ND APRIL
WHAT IS AUTISM?
• AUTISM IS A COMPLEX DISORDER, WHICHDIVERT , DETERIORATE AND VANISHINBORN/INNATE CAPACITY OF HUMANBRAIN.
• HOWEVER, SOME HAVE VERY SUPERIORSKILLS IN A CERTAIN TASK
• IT ALSO TERMINATING THE LEARNINGCAPACITY OF HUMAN BRAIN.MOREOVER, AUTISM DIMINISHES THEBEHAVIOR AND LOSING THE QUALITY OFPERSONALITY.
• SOME AUTISTICS DIVERSE THEIR THOUGHTSINTO SUPERNATURAL WORLD AND FINALLYTHEY ARE EXPERTISE IN A PARTICULAR TASK.
• First described by Leo
Kanner in 1943 as early
infantile autism
ACCORDING TO DSM 4 REVISED VER.
• QUALITATIVE IMPAIRMENT IN SOCIALINTERACTION
• QUALITATIVE IMPAIRMENT IN SOCIALCOMMUNICATION
• RESTRICTED REPETITIVE AND STEREOTYPEDPATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR, INTERESTS, ANDACTIVITIES
• (A) Qualitative impairment in social interaction
• Impairments in the use of multiple nonverbalbehaviors , eye-to-eye gaze, facialexpression, body posture, and gestures toregulate social interaction.
• Failure to develop peer relationships
• A lack of spontaneous seeking to shareenjoyment, interests,
• A lack of social or emotional reciprocity.
• (B) Qualitative impairments in communication
• Delay in or total lack of, the development ofspoken language
• Stereotyped and repetitive use of languageor idiosyncratic language.
• Lack of varied, spontaneous make-believeplay or social imitative play.
• (C) Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests and activities,
• More stereotyped and restricted patterns of interest that is abnormal either in intensity or focus.
• Apparently inflexible adherence to specific, nonfunctional routines or rituals.
• Stereotyped and repetitive motormannerisms (e.g. Hand or finger flapping ortwisting, or complex whole-bodymovements).
• Persistent preoccupation with parts ofobjects.
• II. Delays or abnormal functioning, with onset prior to age 3 years:
• (A) Social interaction.
• (B) Language is used in social communication.
• (C) Symbolic or imaginative play.
• Prevalence is 2-6/1000 individuals(1/2 to 1 ½ million affected)
• 4 times more prevalent in boys
• No known racial, ethnic, or socialboundaries
CHARACTERISTICS
• 1. Communication/Language
• 2. Social Interaction
• 3. Behaviors
• 4. Sensory and movement disorders
• 5. Resistance to change (predictability)
• 6. Intellectual functioning
Communication/language
• Broad range of abilities, from no verbalcommunication to quite complex skills (nonverbal mode)
Two common impairments:
• A. Delayed language
• B. Echolalia
• 50% of autistic individuals will eventually haveuseful speech (?)
• Pronoun reversal: “You want white icing onchocolate cake.”
• Difficulty in conversing easily with others
• Difficulty in shifting topics
• Look away; poor eye contact
ECHOLALIA
• Common in very young children (Age 3)
• Immediate or delayed (even years)
• Is there communicative intent withecholalia?
SOCIAL INTERACTION• One of hallmarks of autism is lack of social
interaction
• 1. Impaired use of nonverbal behavior
• 2. Lack of peer relationships
• 3. Failure to spontaneously share enjoyment, interests, etc. with others
• 4. Lack of reciprocity
• Theory of mind?
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR PARENTS• Does your child enjoy being tickling
games, hug, bounced on your toe?
• Does your child take an interest in other children to sharing things?
• Does your child have inability to relate to others?
• Does your child like climbing on stairs, window bars, jumping?
• Does your child enjoy playing turn taking play like hide and seek?
• Does your child ever pretend like role of mamma, to talk on the phone?
• Does your child ever use his or her index finger to point, to ask for something like water, food?
• Does your child ever play properly with toys (e.g., cars, rings or bricks) without just mouthing, fiddling or dropping them?
• Does your child play inappropriate way with toys?
• Does your child ever bring objects/ toys over to you (parent) to show you something?
• Does your child look you in the eye for more than a two to three second?
• Does your child ever seem oversensitive to noise (plugging ears when strangers speaking situation/ switch on the grinder)?
• Does your child smile in response to your face or strangers face (smile)?
• Does your child have poor speech or lack of speech?
• Does your child have difficulty in expressing needs?
• Does your child have inappropriate attachment to objects?
• Does your child imitate you (making faces, combing hair)?
• Does your child respond to his/her name when you call?
• Does your child walk?
• Does your child sit in a particular place?
• Does your child laugh / cry inappropriate way?
• Does your child look at particular things you are looking at?
• Does your child play with images/ shadows?
• Have you ever wondered if your child has hearing loss?
• Does your child understand what people say?
• Does your child sometimes stare at nothing or wander with no purpose?
• Does your child look at your face to check your reaction when faced with something unfamiliar?
• Does your child have difficulty dealing with changes to routine?
• Does your child have lack of awareness of dangers?
• Does your child have the habit of smelling (cloths, food, objects)?
• Does your child make echoes word or phrases?
• Does your child have habit of spinning objects or self?
CONSULT • PEDIATRICIAN OR PHYSICIAN
• PSYCHOLOGIST / PSYCHIATRIST
• SPEECH LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST
• AUDIOLOGIST
• NEUROLOGIST
• OCCUPATIONAL THERAPIST
• PHYSIO / PHYSICAL THERAPIST
• MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM.
INTERVENTION METHODS/APPROACH
• Applied Behavioral Analysis(ABA)
• Discrete Trial Teaching/Training(DTT)
• Pivotal Response Treatment(PRT)
• Verbal Behavior(VB)
• Early Start Denver Model (ESDM)
• Floortime / Developmental IndividualDifference Relationship Model (DIR)
• Relationship Development Intervention (RDI)
• Training and Education of Autistic andRelated Communication HandicappedChildren (TEACCH)
• Makaton.