AUTHORSHIP, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, AND PEER REVIEW IN PUBLICATIONS

“Author” of a Publication

• According to the ICMJE guidelines, contributors qualifying the following criteria are eligible to be the “Authors” of the publication:– Substantial contributions to the conception or design of

the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND

– Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND

“Author” of a Publication (contd.)

– Final approval of the version to be published; AND– Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in

ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved

Responsibilities of the Corresponding Author

• Communication with the journal during and after manuscript submission, peer review, and publication process

• Providing all the administrative requirements to the journal including details of authorship, ethics committee approvals, clinical trial registration documentation, and gathering completed conflict of interest forms

Responsibilities of the Corresponding Author (contd.)• Respond to the editorial queries in a timely manner and

answer to critiques of the work• Cooperate with any requests from the journal for data or

additional information and answer questions about the paper that arise after publication

Reporting Conflict of Interest

• Conflict of interest form must be submitted along with every potential publication and must include:– Author’s conflicts of interest– Sources of support for work which must include the names of the sponsors

with explanation of the roles for the sources viz. study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, decision to submit the report for publication or a statement declaring that the supporting source had no such involvement

– Whether the authors had access to the study data, with an explanation of the nature and extent of access, including whether access is on-going

Peer Review

• Three types of peer review are:– Single blind review: Names of the reviewers are hidden from

the author– Double blind review: Both the reviewer and the author are

anonymous– Open review: Reviewer and author are known to each other

Importance of Peer Review

• Ensures selection of high quality articles for publication, and elimination of studies that have been poorly designed or executed

• Validates the relevance of the article to specific clinical practice, interest of the topic to the clinical reader, and also evaluates the overall presentation and understandability of the article

Importance of Peer Review (contd.)

• Other important factors which necessitate the process of peer review include:– Improvement of the manuscript with respect to quality and

readability– Check against malfeasance within the scientific and clinical

community– Provide editors with evidence to make judgments as to whether

articles meet the selection criteria for their particular publication

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