AUR-NIBIB Imaging Molecular Processes
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Transcript of AUR-NIBIB Imaging Molecular Processes
8/7/2019 AUR-NIBIB Imaging Molecular Processes
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Modern Medical Imaging
Nuclear Medicine, PET, SPECT Interventional Radiology
X-Ray Computed Tomography (CT) Ultrasonography (US)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Radiography and Angiography
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Molecular Imaging Definitions
Molecular Imaging is the visualization, characterization, andmeasurement of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels in humans and other living systems.
•Includes 2D and 3D imaging and quantification over time•Radiotracer imaging and nuclear medicine•MR imaging and MR spectroscopy•Optical imaging•Ultrasound•Other techniques
SNM and MICoE Standard Definitions Task Force, 2007
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Molecular Imaging Definitions
Molecular Imaging Agents are probes used to visualized,characterize, and measure biological processes in living systems.
•Endogenous molecules
••Exogenous probes
Molecular Imaging Instrumentation comprises of tools that enablevisualization and quantification in space and time of signals frommolecular imaging agents.
SNM and MICoE Standard Definitions Task Force, 2007
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Molecular Imaging Definitions
Molecular Imaging Quantification is the determination of regionalconcentrations of molecular imaging agents and biologicalparameters.
•Provides measurements of processes at molecular andcellular levels.
•Quantification is key for MI data and image analysis, inter-and intrasubject comparisons.
SNM and MICoE Standard Definitions Task Force, 2007
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Instrumentation Needs for Molecular Imaging
•Contrast Resolution•
•Spatial Resolution•
•Temporal Resolution
Achieved through combination of imagingsystem, intrinsic or extrinsic contrast.
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Noninvasive in vivo Small Animal Imaging and Intervention
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Optical Imaging: Fluorescence & Bioluminescence
μ -CT, PET, SPECTHybrid Imaging Systems
Ultrasound
Targeted Therapy
Molecular Theranostics
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Exogenous Imaging Probes
Weissleder . Nat Rev Cancer 2:1-8, 2002
-Enzyme activatable NIR fluorochromes
Magneticnanosensors
Activatable paramagnetic
chelators
,Most clinical MRI,CT US contrast
agents
Most clinical,nuclear medicine
,PET SPECTradiotracers
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Concentration Sensitivity of Imaging Modalities
Imaging Technique Sensitivity (mol/L)PET 10-11 -10-12
SPECT 10-10 -10-11
CT Not well characterizedMRI 10-3-10-5
Ultrasound Not well characterized
Bioluminescence 10
-13
-10
-16
Fluorescence 10-9-10-11