Aula #23 · AgCl (s) Ag+ (aq) + Cl-(aq) Ksp = [Ag +][Cl K sp is the solubility product constant MgF...

Aula #23

Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Precipitation Reactions

Solubility Equilibria




Initial EquilibriumDisssolution

Dynamic

BaSO4 (s) Ba2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq)

Ksp = [Ba2+][SO42-]





Ksp = [Ba2+][SO42-]

AgCl (s) Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) Ksp = [Ag+][Cl-]

Ksp is the solubility product constant

MgF2 (s) Mg2+ (aq) + 2F- (aq) Ksp = [Mg2+][F-]2

Ag2CO3(s) 2Ag+ (aq) + CO32- (aq) Ksp = [Ag+]2[CO3

2-]

Ca3(PO4)2(s) 3Ca2+ (aq) + 2PO43- (aq) Ksp = [Ca2+]3[PO4

3-]2

Dissolution of an ionic solid in aqueous solution:

Q = Ksp Saturated solution

Q < Ksp Unsaturated solution No precipitate

Q > Ksp Supersaturated solution Precipitate will form






Ksp = [Ba2+][SO42-]

BaSO4(s)

= (1.05·10-5)/2

SO42-(aq)

Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq)

C = 0.100 mol.dm-3

Solução A Solução B

50.0 cm3 Solução A+

50.0 cm3 Solução B

Estimar a massa de precipitado de

BaSO4(s) MW=233.4 g/mol

Ba2+ (aq)

[Ba2+(aq) ] = (1.05·10-5) 50/100

(1.05·10-5)/2 - X (0.100)/2 - X

Ksp = [(1.05·10-5)/2 - X] [(0.100)/2 - X]

Ksp ≈ [(1.05·10-5)/2 - X] [(0.100)/2]

X ≈ (1.05·10-5)/2 - Ksp / [(0.100)/2]

X ≈ 0.502(5) ·10-5 mol.dm-3m[BaSO4(s)] ≈ MW x 0.100 (dm3) x 0.502(5)·10-5 mol.dm-3

m[BaSO4(s)] ≈ 1.17·10-3 g = 1.17 mg

Solução saturada Ba2+



Solubility Equilibrium CMap

Reactions in Aqueous Solution Solubility Equilibria




multi-orifice-impinging transverse (MOIT) jet reactor



Predicted equilibrium solubility product of Mg-calcite.

Dashed lines correspond to different reference states for the

aqueous ion formation energies

Morphology-averaged surface energies for hydrated Mg-

calcite and aragonite as a function of Mg 2+ uptake in calcite.

Colors correspond to facet-specific surface energies. Aragonite does not incorporate Mg 2+ .



The standard qualitative analysis separation scheme. Steps in a Typical Qualitative Analysis Scheme for a Solution That Contains Several Metal Ions

Aula #23 · AgCl (s) Ag+ (aq) + Cl-(aq) Ksp = [Ag +][Cl K sp is the solubility product constant MgF...

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