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8/22/2019 Alvaro Torres - Anaerobic membrane bioreactor for biogas production and ammonium recovery from spent microalgae
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Anaerobic membrane bioreactor for biogas
production and ammonium recovery from
spent microalgae.
ALVARO TORRES ARAVENA
.
Financiado por
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Why microalgae?
North of Chilepresents idealconditions formicroalgae
cultivation:
Solar radiation Space availability No competition
with foodproduction(desertic area)
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Efficient conversion of solarenergy
High biomass productivity High lipid accumulation
Microalgae for bioenergy production
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Biodiesel production frommicroalgae:
High nutrient requirements. High energy demand due to
biomass harvest and oil
extraction
Low overall energy yield
Microalgae for bioenergy production
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Biogas production: Energy recovery from oil extracted
biomass
Tool for nutrient release andrecovery/reuse
Cogeneration can produceelectricity and heat valuables forbiodiesel production (heat forsolvent extraction)
Microalgae for bioenergy production
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Figure 1. Scheme of nitrogen recovery from anaerobic digestion in microalgae biodiesel production.
AnaerobicDiges.on
Energy(Biogas)
Microalgaeculture
LipidExtrac.on
Spent
microalgae
Biodiesel
produc.on
Lipids
Biodiesel
Microalgae
NITROGENUPTAKE
Stabilizedbiomass
NITROGENRELEASE
PHOSPHORUSRELEASE
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Figure 1. Scheme of nitrogen recovery from anaerobic digestion in microalgae biodiesel production.
AnaerobicDiges.on
Energy(Biogas)
Microalgaeculture
LipidExtrac.on
Biodiesel
produc.on
Spent
microalgae
Lipids
Biodiesel
Microalgae
NITROGENUPTAKE
Stabilizedbiomass
NITROGENRELEASE
PHOSPHORUSRELEASE
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Energy
ENERGETIC POTENTIALbiodiesel production (microalgae) + biogas production (spentmicroalgae)
485L
Methane 17 MJThermal
Energy
5.5 MJElectrical
Energy
0,28 kg VS
Biodiesel11 MJ(40MJ/kg )
1 kg VSMICROALGAE
0,3 kg VS
0,45 kg SV
0,25 kg SVCarbo-hydrates
Proteins
Lipids
SPENT
MICROALGAE
28 MJ/kgTOTAL ENERGY
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BIO-METHANE POTENTIAL determination (BMP)
Inoculum= Anaerobic consortia
T= 35 C
substrate/inoculum ratio= 1:1 (g VS / gVS)
Buffer capacity= sodium bicarbonate
Anaeobic biomass
Media
Microalgae (Substrate)
CH4 +
CO2
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Energy
Total and spent microalgae
Figure 1. Bio-methane potential of total and spent microalgae B.braunii.
Total microalgae
Spent microalgae
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
BMP(mLCH4/g
SV)
Time(d)
TotalMicroalgae SpentMicroalgae
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Lipid Extraction
Figure 2. Confocal microscopy for total(a) and spent(b) microalgae B.brauniistained with calcofluor white.(non-specific cellulasestaining)
(a) (b)
ENERGY
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19 -26% of no degraded organic matter in this assay may be
related to residues containing resistant biopolymers.
Oil extraction has no effect as pretreatment.
Energy
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0
100
200
300
400
500
0 10 20 30 40 50
BMP
(mLCH4/gVS)
Time(d)
Botryococcusbraunii
0
100
200
300
400
500
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
BMP
(mLCH4/gVS)
Time(d)
Nanochloropsisgaditana
Energy
Total and spent microalgae
449mL CH4/g VS
16 MJ/kg VS457mL CH4/g VS
16,2 MJ/kg VS
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Figure 1. Scheme of nitrogen recovery from anaerobic digestion in microalgae biodiesel production.
AnaerobicDiges.on
Energy(Biogas)
Microalgaeculture LipidExtrac.on
Biodiesel
produc.on
Spent
microalgae
Lipids
Biodiesel
Microalgae
NITROGENUPTAKE
Stabilizedbiomass
NITROGENRELEASE
PHOSPHORUSRELEASE
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Figure 4.Ammonium and phosphate release assessment in anaerobic digestion assays. (a) Botryococcus braunii. (b)
Nannochloropsis gaditana.
Nitrogen release68-72%Nutrients Release
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0 10 20 30 40 50
So
lublefrac
.on
(mg
/L)
Time(d)
NH4+
PO43-
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
So
lublefrac
.on
(mg
/L)
Time(d)
NH4+
PO43-
Botryococcus brauniiNanochloropsis gaditana
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Nutrients Nitrogen Release capacity
4.2 Nitrogen release in AD
Figure 3. Estimation of un-ionized ammonia in hypothetical anaerobic digestion reactor considering effect of pH and substrate
concentration.
IC5050 150 mg NH3 /L
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
6 6,5 7 7,5 8
NH3(mg/
L)
pH
1%(w/v)
4%(w/v)
7%(w/v)
10%(w/v)
13%(w/v)
16%(w/v)
NH3Inhibion
Botryococcus braunii
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0
20
40
60
80
100
TM SM
28
51
sPO
43- /tPO
43- (%)
Phosphorus
Nutrients Nitrogen Release capacity
Phosphorus from
medium itself
50-70% phosphorus was
present in original sample as
soluble phosphate
Figure 5. Fraction of soluble phosphate presents in total and spent microalgaeBotryococcus braunii.
Botryococcus braunii
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1. INTRODUCTION
Figure 1. Scheme of nitrogen recovery from anaerobic digestion in microalgae biodiesel production.
Microalgaeculture LipidExtrac.on
Biodiesel
produc.on
Spent
microalgae
Lipids
Biodiesel
Microalgae
NITROGENUPTAKE
AnaerobicDiges.on
Energy(Biogas)
Stabilizedbiomass
NITROGENRELEASE
PHOSPHORUSRELEASE
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Nutrients Nitrogen microalgae uptake
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
O2pro
duc
.on
(mg
/L)
Time(min)
0mg/L
50mg/L
100mg/L
125mg/L
150mg/L
175mg/L
200mg/L
250mg/L
Nanochloropsis gaditanaEffect of different NH4+concentration
Oxygen
production
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Nutrients Nitrogen microalgae uptake
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275
O2Pro
duc
.onrate
(mg
/L*m
in)
N-NH3(mg/L)
Culture conditions:
2 g/L TS
N added in culture:
135mg N/L
NO inhibitionin microalgae
culture
Max. N concentration
150mg N/L
Nanochloropsis gaditana
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CONCLUSION
1. No total nitrogen release is observed in B. braunii (only 68% nitrogenrelease), which could be related to resistant biopolymers reported for
this microalgae.
2. Anaerobic digestion of spent microalgae seems as a viable alternative inorder to recover energy.
3. Phosphorus present in microalgae may be associated to phosphate
from medium itself.
4. No inhibition is expected into microalgae culture for N.gaditana
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Acknowledgements
Consortium Desert Bioenergy S.A.
Center of Waste Management and Bioenergy BIOREN
Universidad de Antofagasta
Conicyt Scholarship
Beca Apoyo tesis Doctoral - Conicyt
Beca Tesis en la Industria - Conicyt
Dr. David Jeison
Patricio Neumann
Hernn Daz