The California Audiovisual Preservation Project Discovering the State’s Rich Audiovisual Heritage.
Audiovisual preservation
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Transcript of Audiovisual preservation
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Audiovisual preservation
From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Academic Libraries
Christine M. AbrigoDe La Salle University Library
Manila, Philippines
Archives Congress 2012Towards Multi-Ethnic Archiving in the Postmodern Era
17-18 November 2012Ateneo de Davao University
Roxas Avenue, Davao City
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Some concepts to start off…Audiovisual heritageAudiovisual archivesAudiovisual archivingAudiovisual preservation
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Audiovisual heritage
Products of :Entertainment industryElectronic mass mediaRadioTelevision
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Audiovisual archives
•an organization or department of an organization
• focused on collecting, managing, preserving and providing access to a collection of audiovisual media and the audiovisual heritage, applying archival principles
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Types of AV Archive
Academic– in universities; research/educational materials;
maybe small/specializedSpecialized or thematic
– concentrate on a particular format, subject-matter or locality, or relate to specific cultural groups
Production– Film companies, broadcasting companies and
record companies maintain archives for use and exploitation by the parent company
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Audiovisual archiving
•a custodial profession•a small and young profession•originated in a variety of institutional
environments
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Who may be the boss?
•Librarian•Archivist•Conservator•Curator•AV archivist▫Not librarians, like archivists
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Audio-visual preservation
is the totality of things necessary to ensure the permanent accessibility, with minimum loss of quality, of the
visual or sonic content or other essential attributes of the work
concerned. (Edmondson, 2002)
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Preserving the here and now• Safeguarding the information, not the
carrier per se
• Protection of the intangible heritage
• Storage is a simple act of preservation that prolongs the collection’s lifeline
• Preservation policy – a good backbone for media libraries
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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AV
Pre
serv
atio
n in
the
Ph
ilipp
ines
The Philippines has an enduring history of film and television industry
Libraries collect and preserve AV materials in magnetic format for the longest time
Preservation copies are made using the same media
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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AV Preservation Practices of Selected Academic Media LibrariesThe Study
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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A bit of an overview…
•Abrigo, C.M. and V.M. Abrigo. 2010.Audio-visual preservation: a perpetual dilemma among selected Philippine academic libraries.
•Presented at the JTS 2010: Digital Challenges and Digital Opportunities in Audiovisual Archiving, 02-05 May 2010, Oslo, Norway
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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•The international gathering for all specialists of the audio-visual, cinema and sound heritage
•Happens every 3 years•A FIAF Congress joint event
Organized by:
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Participation was made possible by:
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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The Study in gist
•Focused on three (3) academic media libraries
•Preservation dilemma: media obsolescence
•Two (2)-year-old data ▫conducted in March 2010
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Universities under study
Multi-ethnic• As an academic community• Program-wise
Culturally diverse
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Media Libraries in Universities•Maintain media resource centers to
complement their print collection
•Curricular support is the primary thrust
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Media center (library)
vs.
Film/AV archive
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Subjects of the study
Ateneo de Manila
University(Rizal Library)
De La Salle University
Library(DLSU Library)
University of the Philippines
Diliman(UP Diliman
Library)
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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AV collection make up [1/2]
Coverage --• local and foreign documentaries with
socio-cultural and political contexts•humanities• language studies•general interest• feature films•music of various genre (i.e., pop, folk,
ethnic, oral history, et al.)
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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AV collection make up [2/2]
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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On Preservation
No written preservation policy
Rule-of-thumb procedures
Storage conditions
Air-conditioned room
Budget
Grant-seeking
Human resources / Training
Improvisation/initiative self-training
ISSUE SOLUTION
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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On Obsolescence [1/2]
•Obsolescence is felt whenever video and sound recordings on tape is being played▫Playback machines and magnetic tapes are
rapidly disappearing in the Philippine market
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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On Obsolescence [2/2]
•Refreshing became the common preservation practice▫Ensures continuity and sustainability of the
information contained in carriers
•Migration later became the strategy▫Triggered by playback machines going out
of the market
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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AV Preservation Practices 2 years later...
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Cultural heritage could now be captured by anyone at anytime
with ease.
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Cultural heritage is now more flexible to share and modify.
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Cultural heritage is now a digital heritage.
"Our digital heritage – only a few decades
old – is already endangered.”
(Findlay, 2002)ENDANGERED!!!
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Current realities
•Life cycle of audiovisual materials has turned around technologically
•AV delivery has become more content-driven
•Access is crucial
Academic media centers in the Philippines are also braving the same waters of digital
AV preservation.
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Preserving the intangible and setting it free•Focus of academic media centers:
enabling massive access to AV content
•Preservation work must take off
•Academic media librarian: as custodian and as preservationist
•AV preservation program is essential
•Preservation‐on‐demand becomes the smart solution to preserve AV content
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Revisiting ADMU, DLSU and UPD in 2012
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Rizal Library
•Analog to digital transfer (preservation practice) began in 2010
•Preservation on demand▫First priority – video
recordings▫Second priority –
sound recordings
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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DLSU Library•Analog to digital
transfer is the preservation practice
•Preservation on demand▫First priority – video
recordings▫Second priority –
sound recordings
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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UP Diliman Library•Analog to digital
transfer is the preservation practice
•Preservation on demand▫First priority – video
recordings▫Second priority –
sound recordings
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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AV collections transferred to digital files to preserve content and make
content accessible
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Their new AV preservation direction•Preservation strategy is heading towards
digital media preservation
•Towards mobility of AV content
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Conclusion
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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In JTS 2010...
Long term digital storage
Digital AV archiving projects being done in Europe
Archiving of videos on the web
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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In SEAPAVAA 2012...
Creating and managing a digital AV archive
Legislations/copyrights of a
digital AV archive
Storage of an AV archive in
digital era
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Quoting Mr. Richard Wright...
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Quoting Mr. Richard Wright...
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Quoting Mr. Richard Wright...
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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As for ADMU, DLSU and UPD...•Receptive to the needs of their users
•Aware of the current developments in AV arena
•Regard access to AV content
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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Thank [email protected]
18 November 2012Archives Congress 2012
Davao City
Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic LibrariesC.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012
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ReferencesEdmondson, R. (2004). Audiovisual archiving: philosophy and principles. Retrieved March 26, 2011 from http://www.ifap.ru/library/book104.pdf
Edmondson, R. (2002, March). SEAPAVAA manual for AV archives: an outline prepared for UNESCO. Retrieved August 1, 2009, from the South East Asia and Pacific Audio-Visual Archives Association: http://www.pia.gov.ph/seapavaa/downloadables/SEAPAVAAMANUALoutline.doc
Feather, J. (2004). Introduction: principle and policies. In Feather, J. (Ed.), Managing preservation for libraries and archives: current practice and future developments (pp. 1-
25). England: Ashgate Publishing Limited. Martin, J. (2005). The dawn of tape: transmission device as preservation medium. The Moving Image, 5.1, 45-66. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from Project MUSE database. Puplick, C. (2009). Is our audio-visual heritage at risk and how can we work together to resolve these problems? Bandung, Indonesia: 13th South East Asia and Pacific Audio-
Visual Archives Association (SEAPAVAA) Conference. Retrieved August 1, 2009, from the South East Asia and Pacific Audio-Visual Archives Association: http://www.pia.gov.ph/seapavaa/papers/2009/s5-puplick.pdf
Roads, C. (1981). Audio visual archiving in the context of South-East Asia: report prepared for the government of the republic of the Philippines by the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved August 1, 2009, from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0004/000470/047053eo.pdf Rothenberg, J. (1999, January). Avoiding technological quicksand: finding a viable technical foundation for digital preservation. Council on Library and Information Resources.
Retrieved July 31, 2009, from http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/rothenberg/contents.html Schüller, D. (2004). Sound recordings: problems of preservation. In Feather, J. (Ed.), Managing preservation for libraries and archives: current practice and future developments
(pp. 113-131). England: Ashgate Publishing Limited. Smith, A. (1998, May/June). Preservation in the future tense. Council on Library and Information Resources, 3. Retrieved July 31, 2009, from
http://www.clir.org/pubs/issues/issues03.html#preserve Van Malssen, K. (2008). Joint Technical Symposium 2007: audiovisual heritage and the digital universe, University of Toronto, June 28–30, 2007. The Moving Image, 8 (2), 78-86.
Retrieved July 29, 2009, from Project MUSE database. Webb, C. (2004). The malleability of fire: preserving digital information. In Feather, J. (Ed.), Managing preservation for libraries and archives: current practice and future
developments (pp. 27-52). England: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
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