PIDGINS AND CREOLES

Patricia C.Nicholas

Present by: abdul Majid, Muhammad Ainul Muiz, Nawan RZ, Winny Nurbaity

Brief story

• 20 years ago, Nicholas with a young African American boy,

• Driving through a big four-wheelers (Weccamaw Neck in Coastal South Carolina)

• The boy was native creole of Gullahcloser to standard English of Nicholas

• B: He gon catch we back, N: huh? B: He gon catch us again!

• Gon auxiliary for future

• Some new teacher design some students to be their translator

• In 4 years, the African-American students (girls) were able to switch both of the language varieties.

• Boys were rejected to use the formal language• When the teacher assessed students to read a

script of their speaking transcribe, some of them use standard English for oral reading.

Attitudes toward pidgin and creole language

Pidgin and creole, which are essentially new language varieties created out of old cloth.

They are typically spoken, they are often viewed with disdain by both their user and by society at large, do not have a respected body of written literature

inaccurate, incompletely version of prestige language.The low prestige of pidgin or creole language varieties

in most school setting can inhabit, and even prevent, educational success.

Origin and development of pidgins and creoles

• Pidgin and creoles are linked an a continuum of language development

• Pidgins arise when people of many language backgrounds engage in extensive trading or forced labor, often in coastal areas near major seaports.

• Harris(1986) 3 conditions needed for emergence of pidgin language : Lack of effective bilingualism, need to communicate, restricted access to target language.

• A creole can develop from a pidgin language if certain social condition come into play.

• Speaker of creole typically use it as a first language, whereas speakers of a pidgin use it as a second, third, or even fourth language.