Atoms. Particles of an Atom Atom: smallest amount of an element ParticleRelative Mass...
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![Page 1: Atoms. Particles of an Atom Atom: smallest amount of an element ParticleRelative Mass ChargeLocationOther Info Proton 2000 + nucleusIdentifies the element.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022072011/56649e1a5503460f94b07b9f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Atoms
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Particles of an AtomAtom: smallest amount of an element
Particle Relative Mass
Charge Location Other Info
Proton 2000 + nucleus Identifies the element
Neutron 2000 No charge nucleus Proton + Neutron = mass
Electron 1 - Outside nucleus
= number of protons
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Electron Cloud Model
• Electrons don’t orbit the nucleus in a pattern• Electrons dart around in energy clouds• Each cloud has its own shape
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Tom Lehrer’s Element Song
![Page 5: Atoms. Particles of an Atom Atom: smallest amount of an element ParticleRelative Mass ChargeLocationOther Info Proton 2000 + nucleusIdentifies the element.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022072011/56649e1a5503460f94b07b9f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Energy levels of electrons
• Energy levels are “rings” around the nucleus• Each level can hold a certain number of
electrons– Level 1: up to 2– Level 2: up to 8– Level 3: up to 18– Level 4: up to 32– The outer energy level electrons have the most
effect on the chemical properties of the element
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Periodic Table of the Elements
• Atomic number• Chemical symbol• Element name• Atomic mass
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Atomic number
• Is the number of protons in an atom• Is unique (identifies the element)• Equals the number of electrons in a neutral
atom• In a Periodic table, the elements are arranged
by increasing atomic numbers
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Chemical symbol
• A notation of one or two letters that represent an element
• 1st letter is always capital; 2nd letter is always lower case – Examples: He, Al, Cu, Zn
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Atomic mass
• Where is the mass of the atom?– Nucleus
• What particles are in the nucleus?– Protons & neutrons
• Atomic mass = number of protons + number of neutrons
• Atomic mass - # protons = # neutrons
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Elements
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Bellringer
Use your periodic table to determine the number of neutrons in a carbon 18 isotope