Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

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atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

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Transcript of Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Page 1: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

atoms, elements, molecules, compounds

Basic Chemistry

…. But this is Biology?????

Page 2: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Trace elements?

What are the most common elements in ALL living things

Page 3: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Symptom of an iodine deficiency

Iron deficiency?

Fluorine deficiency?

Page 4: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Locations and charges of protons?

Neutrons?Electrons?

Structure of an atom (its subatomic particles)

Page 5: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Atomic number

Atomic mass

Page 6: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Atomic Mass vs. Atomic Number?????

Page 7: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

What is an isotope?

Page 8: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Cancerous throat tissue

Isotopes use to diagnose disease

Give a molecule similar to glucose that has a radioactive tag

PET scan picks up the released radiation and detects areas of high metabolism

Page 9: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Radioactive iodine

High doses can treat thyroid cancerSmall doses used to test thyroid function.

Page 10: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

                                                       

shows the concentration of radioactive tracer bound to monoamine oxidase B (MAO B). Red shows the highest concentration.

MAO B is important because it breaks down the chemicals that allow nerve cells to communicate and regulate blood pressure.

Page 11: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 12: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

What causes an atom to react with other atom? Or… would cause it to be nonreactive (stable)?

Page 13: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Ionic Bond

Page 14: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 15: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 16: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 17: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 18: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 19: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 20: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 21: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 22: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

(–) (–)

O

HH

(+) (+)

Page 23: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Hydrogen bond

Page 24: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Strong attraction for electrons

Page 25: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Cohesion of water → water sticking to itself

• Does this because of hydrogen bonding

• Results in water having surface tension– “film” on top of

water

Page 26: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 27: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Transpiration

• Uses cohesion and adhesion to move water from the roots to top of a tree

Page 28: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 29: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Adhesion of waterTo cells of xylem

Cohesion of water to itself

Page 30: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Adhesion → water sticking to something else

Meniscus

Page 31: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Temperature moderation

Water resists changes in temperature

Water can absorb and release a lot of thermal energy with a small change in temperature

ex: lake temperatures

Page 32: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Feb: 15.7° FJuly: 70.4 ° F

Feb: 44.3° FJuly: 65.3 ° F

moderate temperatures at coasts

Page 33: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

ex: evaporative cooling

-when water evaporates from our skin, it takes a lot of thermal energy with it

Page 34: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Density

Water is densest at 4° C

Ice is less dense than liquid water

Provides insulation and allows wildlife to survive under a layer of ice

Ice floats

Page 35: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Water is an almost universal solvent

Ionic compounds (like salt) will dissolve in water

Polar molecules will dissolve in water(sugar)

In a solution the SOLVENT is the substance in a greater amount

The SOLUTE is the substance present in a lesser amount

Page 36: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Glucose

Page 37: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 38: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

• A few water molecules can break apart into ions– hydrogen ions (H+)– hydroxide ions (OH–)

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

pH

Page 39: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

• Acids vs. bases– An acid is anything that INCREASES the

relative concentration of H+– A base is anything that DECREASES the

relative concentration of H+• Either by adding OH- or removing H+

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

pH

Page 40: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

• A pH scale (pH = potential of hydrogen) is used to describe whether a solution is acidic or basic– pH ranges from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most

basic)– A solution that is neither acidic or basic is

neutral (pH = 7)

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

Page 41: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Acidic solution

pH scale

Battery acid

0

1

2

3

4

5

Lemon juice, gastric juice

Grapefruit juice, soft drink,vinegar, beer

Tomato juice

Rain water

Human urine

Saliva

Pure water

6

7

Human blood,tears

Seawater

8

9

10

11

12

13

Milk of magnesia

Household ammonia

Household bleach

Oven cleaner

Neutral solution

Basic solution

NEUTRAL[H+]=OH–]

Incr

ea

sin

gly

AC

IDIC

(Hig

he

r c

on

cen

tra

tio

n o

f H

+)

14

Incr

ea

sin

gly

BA

SIC

(Lo

we

r c

on

cen

trat

ion

of

H+)

Logarithmic scaleChange in one

unit on pH scale = 10 x change in hydrogen ion concentration

Page 42: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Solution A has a pH = 4Solution B has a pH = 2

How much more acidic is Solution B?

Solution C has a pH = 9Solution D has a pH = 12

How much more H+ ions does solution C have compared to solution D?

Page 43: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Why is pH important?

• Different areas of the body have different pH values– Ex: stomach

blood

• If the pH varies from this value, proteins lose their shape and don’t work

Page 44: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Molecules that can accept or release H+→ resist change in pH

Are usually weak acid/base pairs

Page 45: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 46: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 47: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 48: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 49: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 50: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 51: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 52: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????
Page 53: Atoms, elements, molecules, compounds Basic Chemistry …. But this is Biology?????

Ionic/Covalent Compounds Characteristics & Counting Atoms/Molecules.

Ionic/Covalent Compounds Characteristics & Counting Atoms/Molecules.

ATOMS ELEMENTS PERIODIC TABLE MOLECULES COMPOUNDS.

ATOMS ELEMENTS PERIODIC TABLE MOLECULES COMPOUNDS.

Lesson 2.1: Atoms, Molecules, Compounds and Mixtures …207sci.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/0/2/82028454/lesson_2.pdf · 2020. 3. 25. · Lesson 2.1: Atoms, Molecules, Compounds and Mixtures

Lesson 2.1: Atoms, Molecules, Compounds and Mixtures …207sci.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/0/2/82028454/lesson_2.pdf · 2020. 3. 25. · Lesson 2.1: Atoms, Molecules, Compounds and Mixtures

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, Ions.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, Ions.

A&P basic chemistry, atoms to ions, bonding, molecules v compounds, water and pH update

A&P basic chemistry, atoms to ions, bonding, molecules v compounds, water and pH update

Atoms, molecules, elements, compounds, substances, mixtures

Atoms, molecules, elements, compounds, substances, mixtures

Introduction to Matter Matter & Measurements · Small units of matter: atoms, compounds & molecules Atoms – Atoms are the smallest particles within matter – Atoms are made up

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Naming Compounds 1. Molecules and Molecular Compounds (Covalent Compounds) Two or more atoms tightly bound together Bond by a covalent bond – the sharing.

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IB BIOLOGY. Atoms form molecules/compounds Bonds: covalent (atoms share electrons) or ionic (atoms give/receive electrons). H - Hydrogen C - Carbon Na.

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