Atoms and the Periodic Table Note Taking...

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Atoms and the Periodic Table Note Taking Guide

Class Name Physical Science

ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE LEARNING TARGETS

Power Standard UTILIZE THE PERIODIC TABLE AS AN ORGANIZATIONAL TOOL FOR DESCRIBING AND EXPLAINING ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Knowledge Targets

“What I need to know!”

I can define the terms nucleus and electron cloud according to relative location, comparative

mass, volume and density, charge, and particles contained

I can define the terms proton, neutron and electron according to location, mass, charge and

function.

I can define the term valence electron, and can explain that the likelihood of locating an

electron a specified distance from the nucleus is related to the amount of energy it has.

I can define the terms group / family and period and I can use these features of the periodic

table to describe the energy levels and valence electrons of an atom of any element.

Reasoning Targets “What I can do with

what I know.”

I can equate the mass number with the most common isotope for an element, the mass of

the nucleus, and the combined number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

I can explain the atomic mass as a decimal number is a weighted average for all the isotopes

of a given element.

Skill Targets “What I can

demonstrate.”

I can locate and use the atomic number to determine the number of protons and electrons

for an atom of any element and I can use that information to infer that basic atoms are

neutral.

I can locate and use the atomic mass to calculate the mass number in order to determine the

number of neutrons for an atom of any element.

I can use the group / family number of an element to determine its oxidation number and I

can use the oxidation number to determine what an element would do with its valence

electrons in order to achieve a full outer energy level.

Product Targets “What I can make to show my learning.”

I can make a model of the atom

I can make a periodic table by organizing elements by their atomic number and properties

Day One Bell Work

Atoms are made of three types of subatomic particles. Protons have a +1 charge and are located in the nucleus. Neutrons have no charge and are located in the nucleus. Electrons have a negative charge and are located in the electron cloud. Color the proton red, the neutron blue and the electron yellow Draw and atom with 3 protons and 4 neutrons in the nucleus and 3 electrons in the electron cloud.

+ -

Atomic Structure: Episode 302 Objectives:______________________________________________________

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Nucleons- in the of •

•

Atomic Number- of _ in the of an

Neutral atom- # of _ (+) = # of (-)

Isotope- of an that have

of .

Isotopes of Hydrogen

Hydrogen-1

proton and _ neutrons

Hydrogen-2


Hydrogen-3


Mass Number- _ number of __ _ and in an

.

Example: Carbon-14 _ Neon-20

Particle Charge Mass Location

Proton

Neutron

Electron

Atomic Mass- of the _ of all the element’s _

2

Subatomic Particles

# of protons = _ # of electrons = _ _

# of neutrons = _ - _

26

iron: Fe 55.8

protons

electrons

neutrons

8

oxygen-17: O 15.994

protons

electrons

neutrons

4 He

protons

electrons

neutrons

CHEMISTRY: A Study of Matter © 2004, GPB

4.2

8

Chemistry Quiz: Episode 302 Name

CR1. Which of the following is a hypothesis?

a. The chair is blue.

b. The chair is made of wood.

c. The chair will burn.

d. The chair has four legs.

CR2. The control group is:

a. The group that is exposed to the independent variable.

b. The group that is manipulated or changed

c. The group that you measure.

d. The group that is not exposed to the independent variable.

1. What is the term used to collectively describe protons and neutrons?

a. neutrinos

b. quarks

c. nucleons d. mesons

2. What particles are responsible for nearly all the mass of the atom?

a. the protons and electrons

b. the protons and neutrons

c. the neutrons and electrons

d. the electrons

3. What identifies an element?

a. the atomic number

b. the mass number

c. the atomic mass

d. the number of neutrons

4. An atom is neutral because it has the same number of protons as it has:

a. electrons.

b. neutrons.

c. neither...An atom isn't neutral!

5. In order, how many protons, electrons, and neutrons does this isotope of oxygen have?

( 18O )

a. 8, 8, 18

b. 18, 18, 8

c. 8, 8, 10

d. 8, 8, 8


4.3

Worksheet: Atomic Structure Name _

Use your notes from the Atomic Structure program to answer the following

questions.

1. The atomic number tells the number of positively charged in the

nucleus of an atom. The atom is _ because this is also the number

of charged _ in the atom.

2. The mass number tells the total number of _ and _ in the

nucleus of an atom. These particles collectively are called since

both are located in the nucleus.

3. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of _

which results in different numbers.

4. Write the hyphen notation of the three isotopes of hydrogen:

a.

b.

c.

5. Fill in the following chart (Hint: Isotopes may have different masses than the

periodic table lists!):

Symbol Atomic

#

Mass

#

# of

protons

# of

electrons

# of

neutrons

Hg

80

201

Mo

42

96

29

29

35

C

14

15

31

Pb

208

82

Na

11

13


4.4

Atomic Structure Worksheet

Fill in the blanks for the elements in this chart.

Element

Atomic Number

Mass Number

Number of Protons

Number of Neutrons

Number of Electrons

Lithium-7

Carbon-12

Chlorine-37

Silver-108

Lead-207

Calcium-40

tantalum

radium

samarium

uranium

americium

lawrencium


4.5

Note Taking Guide: Episode 401 Name _

Objectives:______________________________________________________

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4.6

Dmitri Mendeleev:

arranged elements by _ _ _ .

predicted _ of missing _ _. Henry Moseley:

discovered that each has a unique _

.

arranged elements by _ _ _

.

now all elements fit into place based on properties

Modern Periodic Law:

Properties of elements _ when elements are arranged by

_ _.

Questions about the extended periodic table:

Why do you think these elements get pulled out?

Which element is in a different column than we are used to?

What happens to the number of the energy level as you begin each new row?

What is the similar characteristic in each column?


4.2

Elements in the same column:

have similar

_ _.

have same number of _ _ _ .

have similar .

Electron distribution for Ne:

Kr: _ _

Noble Gases:

have _ outer

have valence .

are .

_ .


4.2

CR1 Label the box below (4 pts)

CR2. Rubidium ( Rb ) has an isotope which contains 48 neutrons and another isotope that contains 49

neutrons. Which of these two isotopes is most common? How do you know?

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 1. Mendeleev arranged the elements by increasing atomic:

a. number.

b. mass.

c. theory.

2. A few elements were out of place on Mendeleev’s periodic table. Name the scientist who put

them in the right place.

a. Mendeleev

b. Democritus

c. Moseley

d. Dalton

3. Hydrogen and Helium have the same number of valence electrons.

a. true

b. false

4. What is it about the elements in a column of the periodic table that makes them behave

similarly?

a. atomic number

b. atomic mass

c. valence electrons d. energy levels

5. List all of the noble gases.

Copper

63.546

Cu

29


4.2

Worksheet: Introduction to the Periodic Table Name _

Fill in the correct name – Mendeleev or Moseley – to complete each of the following statements.

_ predicted properties for elements missing from his periodic table.

_ discovered that each element has a unique atomic number.

_ arranged elements according to atomic number.

_ arranged elements according to atomic mass.

_ had some elements out of place.

_ placed all elements in the right place according to

properties.

State the Modern Periodic Law.

What property is identical to the elements in each column of the periodic table?


4.2

Note Taking Guide: Episode 402 Name _

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4.2

Period: on _

tells _ .

Family:

on the _ .

For columns 1-2 and 13-18, the number in the one’s place represents number

of _.

Metalloids:

have properties of both _ and .

border _ line (except Al, which is a ).


4.9

Blank Periodic Table


4.1

0

Chemistry Quiz: Episode 402 Name _

CR1 Which of the following is a conclusion? a. The moon orbits around the earth

b. The moon is a satellite

c. Did the moon form from the earth?

d. The moon has different phases

CR2 What is it about the elements in a row of the periodic table that makes

them similar?

a. atomic number

b. atomic mass

c. valence electrons d. energy levels

1. How many energy levels does an atom of oxygen have?

a. 1

b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

2. How many valence electrons does an atom of oxygen have?

a. 5

b. 6 c. 7 d. 8

3. Is oxygen a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? a. metal

b. nonmetal

c. metalloid

4. What phase of matter is oxygen at room temperature?

a. solid

b. liquid

c. gas

d. plasma

5. What is the nuclear symbol for Oxygen-18


4.1

1

Worksheet: Periodic Table Puzzles Name _

Fictitious symbols are used for the first 18 elements in the periodic table. Use the clues below to

write the fictitious symbol in the appropriate spot on the periodic table provided. Symbols for real

elements do not represent those elements. HINT: You do not have to complete each clue in order.

1 18

2 13 14 15 16 17

Clue 1 U and J are alkali metals. J has more energy levels.

Clue 2 T has 4 valence electrons on the 3rd energy level.

Clue 3 M is a metal in period 3 with 2 valence electrons.

Clue 4 X has one proton in its nucleus.

Clue 5 Q has 2 energy levels, is a nonmetal, and is a solid at room

temperature.

Clue 6 L is a noble gas that doesn’t have 8 valence electrons.

Clue 7 Z and Y are members of the nitrogen family. Y is a gas at room

temperature.

Clue 8 D has an ending electron distribution of s2p5. R has an ending electron

distribution of s2.

Clue 9 G has 6 valence electrons.

Clue 10 V and W have full outer energy levels. V has 3 energy levels.

Clue 11 A atoms have 3 valence electrons and E atoms have 6 valence

electrons. Both are in the second period.

Clue 12 K has one fewer total electrons than V.

Clue 13 I has 3 valence electrons on the third energy level.

Fictitious symbols are used for the first 18 elements in the periodic table. Use the clues below to

write the fictitious symbol in the appropriate spot on the periodic table provided.


4.1

2

HINT: You do not have to complete each clue in order.

1 18

2 13 14 15 16 17

Clue 1 Lg has 5 valence electrons on the second period.

Clue 2 Eg atoms have 12 protons in the nucleus.

Clue 3 Qp and Ju are halogens. Ju has fewer energy levels.

Clue 4 Ke is a member of the oxygen family. Ke is in the same period as Lg.

Clue 5 Gn is a member of the nitrogen family.

Clue 6 Rm and Sk have 3 valence electrons. Rm has more occupied energy

levels than Sk.

Clue 7 Td and Vo are metals in the same family. Vo has 2 energy levels and

Td has 3 energy levels.

Clue 8 Wa is a member of the alkaline earth metals.

Clue 9 Zy has an ending electron distribution of 3p4. An has 18 total

electrons.

Clue 10 Ms is a nonmetal located on the side of the periodic table with all of

the metals.

Clue 11 Bx atoms and Oz atoms are stable. Oz atoms are heavier than Bx

atoms.

Clue 12 Ds and Cy are members of the carbon family. Ds has fewer protons

than Cy.

Atoms and the Periodic Table Note Taking...

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