Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small...

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Atomic Structure

Transcript of Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small...

Page 1: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Atomic Structure

Page 2: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

History

400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms

Atomic numbers were assigned to elements by Henry Moseley

1913- Niels Bohr described the planetary model of the atom

Page 3: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Planetary model

Page 4: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The Shell Model

The more accurate model puts a cloud around the nucleus and electrons move about in shells

Each shell can hold so many electrons Little energy in the most inner shell so only 2

electrons can be found there. The farther you get from the nucleus, the more

electrons a shell can hold

Page 5: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The atoms makeup

This shell model of a hydrogen atom or lead atom is made up of the same general parts.

A nucleus made up of protons (1 in Hydrogen and 82 in Lead) and neutrons (usually the same amount as the protons)

Floating around the nucleus are electrons

Page 6: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Mass of Subatomic Particles

Particle Charge Mass compared Actual Mass

to electron

Electron Negative 1 9.11x10-31

Proton Positive 1836 1.673x10-27

Neutron Neutral 1841 1.675x10-27

Page 7: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Charges

The three subatomic particles as they are called have different charges

Protons- (+) Neutrons- no charge Electrons- (-)

Page 8: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.
Page 9: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.
Page 10: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Atomic Mass

The mass of an atom is equal to the number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus

If an atom of carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, its mass is 12

Page 11: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Atomic Number

The atomic number found above the chemical symbol is equal to the number of protons the atom has

An atom with 19 protons has to be potassium (K)

Page 12: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Chemical Names

Why is Co different from CO? Co is Cobalt CO is carbon monoxide Be sure to use upper and lower case properly

Page 13: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes

Hydrogen can have 0, 1, or 2 neutrons in it’s nucleus

Page 14: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Misc. Facts Hydrogen is the most abundant element. It makes

up almost 90% of all atoms. As well it was the 1st element to exist

Fused hydrogen atoms formed inside stars and this created the other elements

Most atoms formed when the universe began and are constantly being recycled

Atoms that make up ‘you’ are billions of years old

Page 15: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Names w/ 1 letter that begins name

Names w/ 2 letters and both letters are start of name

Names w/ 2 letters and 1st letter starts and second is

heard later in name

Symbol has nothing to do with name

Carbon Neon Magnesium Sodium

 

Page 16: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Chapter Review (class work)

Try to complete #5, 6, and 7.

Page 17: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Protons have a positive charge

A. True

B. False

Page 18: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

C-12 is a radioactive isotope used in carbon dating fossils

A. True

B. False

Page 19: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The charge of a neutron is

A. negative

B. No charge

Page 20: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The number of electrons that can fit in the 1st shell is

A. 8

B. 2

C. 18

Page 21: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The electron has more mass than the proton and neutron

A. Yes

B. No

Page 22: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The atomic number of carbon is

A. 12.01115

B. 12

C. 6

D. C

Page 23: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The element symbol of helium is

A. H

B. 2

C. He

D. Helium

Page 24: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

The mass number of C-14 is 14

A. True

B. False

Page 25: Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements.

Play-doh Lab Partner up Create a 3 dimensional model of an atom using play-doh

and beads. It must be the shell model Your atom must have an atomic number between 6 and

12. On a separate sheet draw your atom and label the

following: Protons, neutrons, electrons, nucleus, electron cloud, any and all shells

Write down the name, atomic number, atomic mass, and symbol


Atomic Structure Timeline Read Around the Room. Democritus (400 B.C.) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny indivisible particles Not based on experimental.

Atomic Structure Timeline Read Around the Room. Democritus (400 B.C.) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny indivisible particles Not based on experimental.

Atomic Theory. Defining the Atom The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the.

Atomic Theory. Defining the Atom The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the.

Atomic Theory. History of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. The Greek philosopher Democritus proposed that matter is composed of relatively simple particles that.

Atomic Theory. History of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. The Greek philosopher Democritus proposed that matter is composed of relatively simple particles that.

4. ATOMIC STRUCTURE. History – ancient Greeks Democritus – (460-370 B.C.) Matter is composed of atoms – moving around in empty space Atoms are solid homogeneous,

4. ATOMIC STRUCTURE. History – ancient Greeks Democritus – (460-370 B.C.) Matter is composed of atoms – moving around in empty space Atoms are solid homogeneous,

Atomic Theory. Democritus- 440 B.C. He proposed that if you kept cutting something in half you would eventually end up with an “uncutable” particle. Which.

Atomic Theory. Democritus- 440 B.C. He proposed that if you kept cutting something in half you would eventually end up with an “uncutable” particle. Which.

Scientists of Atomic Theory Unit 2 Democritus 460 B.C.- 370 B.C. This Greek philosopher was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms. Democritus.

Scientists of Atomic Theory Unit 2 Democritus 460 B.C.- 370 B.C. This Greek philosopher was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms. Democritus.

Atomic Theory 1 Democritus to the Planetary Model.

Atomic Theory 1 Democritus to the Planetary Model.

Aristotle and Democritus: The Atomic Theory

Aristotle and Democritus: The Atomic Theory

Atomic Structure The Idea of the Atom Early Models Greek philosophers – 450 B.C. what is the smallest particle? Democritus - Particles are atomos An.

Atomic Structure The Idea of the Atom Early Models Greek philosophers – 450 B.C. what is the smallest particle? Democritus - Particles are atomos An.

Democritus (460-370 B.C.)

Democritus (460-370 B.C.)

Atomic Theory Timeline 400 B.C. Democritus 350 B.C Aristotle 0 1743-1794 Lavoisier 1800 Dalton 1907 Millikan 1903 Rutherford 1900 Thomson 1913 Bohr.

Atomic Theory Timeline 400 B.C. Democritus 350 B.C Aristotle 0 1743-1794 Lavoisier 1800 Dalton 1907 Millikan 1903 Rutherford 1900 Thomson 1913 Bohr.

theory atomic democritus rutherford bohr e instein newton law theory atomic atom

theory atomic democritus rutherford bohr e instein newton law theory atomic atom

Chapter 4 “Atomic Structure”. Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Greek philosopher Democritus Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) suggested.

Chapter 4 “Atomic Structure”. Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Greek philosopher Democritus Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) suggested.

Section 2.5 The Modern View of Atomic Structure: An Introduction Return to TOC Democritus (460-370 B.C) John Dalton (1766- 1844) JJ Thomson (1856-1940)

Section 2.5 The Modern View of Atomic Structure: An Introduction Return to TOC Democritus (460-370 B.C) John Dalton (1766- 1844) JJ Thomson (1856-1940)

History of Atomic Structure. Democritus Ancient Philosophy Who: Democritus When: 400 B.C. Where: Greece What: Democritus believed that matter was made.

History of Atomic Structure. Democritus Ancient Philosophy Who: Democritus When: 400 B.C. Where: Greece What: Democritus believed that matter was made.

History of Atomic Theory 1 From Democritus to Bohr…..

History of Atomic Theory 1 From Democritus to Bohr…..

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATOMIC MODEL From Democritus to Rutherford.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATOMIC MODEL From Democritus to Rutherford.

History of Atomic Structure. Aristotle Democritus.

History of Atomic Structure. Aristotle Democritus.

Development of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. -Democritus was first to use the word : atom atomos meaning “indivisible” Aristotle (famous philosopher) disputed.

Development of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. -Democritus was first to use the word : atom atomos meaning “indivisible” Aristotle (famous philosopher) disputed.

History of the Atomic Model Democritus (400 BC) Democritus (400 BC)

History of the Atomic Model Democritus (400 BC) Democritus (400 BC)