Atmospheric Movement and Local Weather
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Transcript of Atmospheric Movement and Local Weather
Atmospheric Movement and Local Weather
*Let’s Review
*Air Pressure
0 o Equator 30 o S 60 o S 90 o S30 o N60 o N90 o N
MoreDirect Sun Hot
*Convection Currents
*Global Convection Cells
*Global Wind Patterns
*The Coriolis Effect
*Jet Stream
*Jet Stream
*Forms high in the upper Troposphere between two air masses of different temperatures*Higher temperature difference = faster speed*Due to the Coriolis Effect, it flows around air masses.*Polar Jet:*It dips southward when frigid polar air masses move south.*It tends to stay north in the summer months
*Jet Stream Animation
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vanished/jetstr_five.html
Abnormally high surface ocean temperatures off the coast of South America
Causes unusual weather patterns across the globe
*El Nino
*A strong surface current*Begins at the tip of Florida*Flows up the eastern coastline of the U.S. *Crosses the Atlantic Ocean*Causes warmer climate in NW Europe
*Gulf Stream
*Reflection Question
*Why does the Earth have wind and ocean currents?
*Variables Affecting Local Weather
*Fronts
*When convection and winds cause air masses to move, they bump into one another.*The area where two air masses meet is called a front.*Most severe weather occurs near frontal boundaries.
*Cold Front- Cold air meets warm air- Fast moving and stormy, severe weather is likely
*Warm Front- Warm air meets cold air- Slow moving with less severe weather
*Stationary Front
*Warm and cool air masses that are not strong enough to move one another
*Sits still for a long period of time
*Stationary Front Symbol
*Frontal Boundary Simulations
http://www.stevemcentee.com/animation3.html
*High and Low Pressure Circulation
*Air Pressure and Wind
*Air pressure is measured with a barometer in millibars.*Millibars are represented by connected lines of equal pressure. This is a lot like the topographic map lines.*The closer together the lines are, the faster the wind speed.*The farther apart the lines are, the slower the wind speed.
*The Earth’s Insulator
*The Sun heats the water and land every day.*Land heats up rapidly, but cools off rapidly.*Desert
*Water heats up slowly, but cools off slowly.*Swimming at night
*The heat retained by the oceans is what keeps our planet insulated.
*Land and Sea Breezes
*The heating and cooling of water and land produces land breezes and sea breezes.*High pressure moves toward low pressure, pushing the warm air upward.*As warm air rises, cooler air moves in and replaces it.
*Sea Breeze and Land Breeze
Simulation
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/es1903page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
*Reflection Question
*How do global patterns of atmospheric movement affect local weather?