Atmospheric data for Arctic modeling
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Transcript of Atmospheric data for Arctic modeling
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Atmospheric data for Arctic modeling
John Walsh
International Arctic Research Center
University of Alaska, Fairbanks
Arctic System Modeling Workshop, Montreal, July 2009
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Three categories of atmospheric observations:
1) Routine measurements for input to NWP models
2) Special observing networks
3) Short-duration field campaigns
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Three categories of atmospheric observations:
1) Routine measurements for input to NWP models
2) Special observing networks
3) Short-duration field campaigns
+
Value-added products: reanalyses
gridded fields (e.g., CRU)
Polar Pathfinder products
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Routine measurements – in some respects, the Arctic is well-covered
surface synoptic network rawinsonde network buoy, ship reports aircraft reports satellite measurements (profiles of T, q, wind)
Archived in reanalysis ingest data banks
(e.g., PREPBUFR files at NCAR)
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Surface station observations Upper-air rawinsonde observations
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Surface ship and ocean buoy reports
7-days
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Reports from commercial, military, and reconnaissance sources
7-days: 01/01/2003 - 01/07/2003
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Satellite-derived temperatures
7-days
Winds derived from satellite observed cloud drift analysis
7-days
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6-hour accumulated
observations:
red: surface station
slate blue: upper-air
yellow: sat. temp.
green: sat. wind
violet: aircraft
sky blue: ship
01/01/2003
00Z
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6-hour accumulated
observations:
red: surface station
slate blue: upper-air
yellow: sat. temp.
green: sat. wind
violet: aircraft
sky blue: ship
01/01/2003
06Z
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6-hour accumulated
observations:
red: surface station
slate blue: upper-air
yellow: sat. temp.
green: sat. wind
violet: aircraft
sky blue: ship
01/01/2003
12Z
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6-hour accumulated
observations:
red: surface station
slate blue: upper-air
yellow: sat. temp.
green: sat. wind
violet: aircraft
sky blue: ship
01/01/2003
18Z
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SID=BAW269 , YOB= 60.00, XOB=340.00, ELV=10058, DHR=-0.550, RPT= 17.450, TCOR=0, TYP=130, TSB=0, T29= 41, ITP=99, SQN= 26PROCN= 0, SAID=***RCT= 18.08, PCAT=*****, POAF=***, DGOT=***---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- level 1 obs qmark qc_step rcode fcst anal oberr category ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PRESSURE (MB) 262.0 2. PREPRO ***** ******** ******** ******** 6.SP HUMIDITY(MG/KG) ******** ****** ***** 35.0 35.0 ******** 6.TEMPERATURE (C) -62.0 1. PREPACQC 17. -61.1 -60.9 1.7 6.TEMPERATURE (C) -62.0 2. PREPRO ***** -61.1 -60.9 1.7 6.HEIGHT (METERS) 10058.0 2. PREPRO ***** 9708.0 9724.0 ******** 6.U-COMP WIND (M/S) 4.4 1. PREPACQC 17. -2.3 1.8 3.6 6.U-COMP WIND (M/S) 4.4 2. PREPRO ***** -2.3 1.8 3.6 6.V-COMP WIND (M/S) 2.6 1. PREPACQC 17. 4.8 2.1 3.6 6.V-COMP WIND (M/S) 2.6 2. PREPRO ***** 4.8 2.1 3.6 6.WIND DIR (DEG) 240.0 ****** PREPRO ***** ******** ******** ******** 6.WIND SPEED (KNOTS) 10.0 ****** PREPRO ***** ******** ******** ******** 6.
Sample PrepBUFR observations:
SID=48582 , YOB= 82.85, XOB=194.99, ELV= 0, DHR= 1.883, RPT= 19.883, TCOR=0, TYP=180, TSB=*, T29=562, ITP=99, SQN= 203PROCN= 2, SAID=***PMO=******, PMQ=**---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- level 1 obs qmark qc_step rcode fcst anal oberr category ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PRESSURE (MB) 988.2 2. PREPRO ***** 987.6 987.4 1.6 0.SP HUMIDITY(MG/KG) ******** ****** ***** 234.0 239.0 ******** 0.TEMPERATURE (C) -33.3 2. PREPRO ***** -32.8 -32.8 2.5 0.HEIGHT (METERS) 0.0 2. PREPRO ***** -4.0 -5.0 ******** 0.
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PrepBUFR dataQuality Control Flags
0) Keep (always assimilate)1) Good2) Neutral or not checked (default) -- e.g.,
IAOBP T and P obs are flagged as QC=23) Suspect4) Rejected (don’t assimilate)
** Rejected obs. have an additional flag layer indicating justification (e.g., conflicts with a pre-existing QC=0; threshold test failure, etc.)
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2) Examples of special observing networks
• International Arctic Buoy Network
( + Russian NP stations)• Greenland automated weather stations• Trace gas/chemical sampling (NOAA CMDL)• Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN), ARM• International Arctic System for Observing the
Atmosphere (IASAO)
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Tiksi, Russia
Alert, Canada
Barrow, Alaska
Eureka, Canada
Summit, Greenland
Ny-Alesund, Svalbard
IASOA Target Observatories
IASAO
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IASAO: International Arctic System for Observing the Atmosphere
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3) Short-duration field programs
-- process studies for algorithm development, model validation
• SHEBA• ATLAS, LAII Flux Study• ARM field campaigns• OASIS• IPY cruises
… others
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Problem areas
• Precipitation, especially solid precip (snowfall, depth, water equivalent)
• Clouds
• Aerosols
• … others