Atmosphere/Winds
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Atmosphere/Winds
description
Atmosphere/Winds . 500km. EXOSPHERE. Ionosphere - Layer of electrically charged particles. 250 – 300 Km. 85km. 50km. 10km. Jet Streams. 5 to 90 o C. 65 to 0 o C. 10 to 75 o C. 90 to 10 o C. TROPOSHPERE. STRATOSPHERE. Atmosphere Temperatures & Depth. MESOPSHERE. THERMOSPHERE. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Atmosphere/Winds
Atmosphere/Winds
STRATOSPHERE
MESOPSHERE
THERMOSPHERE
EXOSPHERE
10km
50km
85km
500km
5 to
90o C
90 to
10o C
65 to
0o C
Ionosphere - Layer of electrically charged particles. 250 – 300 Km.
AtmosphereTemperatures & Depth
Jet S
tream
s
10 t
o 75
o C
TROPOSHPERE
TROPOSHPERE
STRATOSPHERE
MESOSPHERE
THERMOSPHERE
Ozone -20 - 50 kmAbsorbs heat from sun
75% of gases
Little water vapor
Coolest part
Sun warms air
Rad
io w
aves
Wea
ther
& C
loud
s
Sat
ellit
es
Airp
lane
s
Dust, W
ater & Ice
Weather balloons
X-15 A
ircraft
Auroras
Atmosphere Facts
EXOSPHERE
Space shuttle
OXYGEN 21%
NITROGEN78% TRACE GASES 1%
Trace GasesArgon - .93%
CO2 - .034
Neon - .00182
Helium - .00052
Methane - .00015
Krypton - .000114
Hydrogen - .00005
COMPOSITION OF ATMOSHPERE
Coriolis Effect
World’s major wind systems are created when air movingacross the surface is deflected either eastward/westwarddue to the Coriolis Effect. Creates world weather patterns. Atmospheric circulation is powered by energy of the Sun.
• Polar Easterlies - East to West
• Westerlies - West to East - opposite of trade winds Responsible for weather in the U.S. & Canada
• Trade winds - East to West Steady winds create route for sailors in North
• Doldrums - Windless zone Air seems motionless Hot air rises - less dense - moves straight up
POLAR EASTERLIES
POLAR EASTERLIES
WESTERLIES
WESTERLIES
TRADE WINDS
TRADE WINDS
DOLDRUMS
DOLDRUMS
0 O
10 O
30 O
10 O
30 O
60 O
60 O
EQUATOR
Jet Streams
Jet Streams
Jet Streams
Jet Streams
Jet Streams
LAND BREEZES - NIGHT• Smaller systems which create local weather, caused by convection currents. • Air over land is heated by conduction. • Land warms and cools more rapidly than water.
Sea Breezes DAY• Created during day because solar radiation, warms the land more than the water.• Air over land heated by conduction. • Heated air becomes less dense - goes up because of cooler denser air moving from ocean, convections currents result.
Sea by Night
Sea by Day
SMALLER SYSTEMS WHICH CREATE LOCAL WEATHER - by convection currents
COOL AIR S
INKS WARM AIR RISES
SEA BREEZE
LAND BREEZE
COOL AIR SINKS
WARM AIR
RIS
ES
RADIATION warms the surface.
The air near Earth’s surface is heated by CONDUCTION.
Cooler air pushes warm air upward, creating a CONVECTION CURRENTS.
Transfer of HEAT within Earth’s atmosphere.
