ATLAS Multi-User Potential

ATLAS Multi-User Potential

P.N. Ostroumov

B. Mustapha, A. Perry (IIT), M. Fraser (CERN) – Beam optics and hardware designS.A. Kondrashev, C. Dickerson, R. Vondrasek – EBIS development

May 15, 2014

ATLAS Workshop, May 15-16, ANL

Motivations

The issue: In the past 2 years, the requested experimental beam time significantly exceeded the 5000-5500 hours that ATLAS can deliver yearly. With CARIBU online, the demand for beam time may double.

The solution: Develop and implement a system for the delivery of stable and radioactive beams to 2 or 3 experiments simultaneously.

The upgrade could be performed in three stages

May 15, 2013

ATLAS Multi-User Potential ATLAS Workshop

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Stage I of the ATLAS Multi-User Upgrade Will allow:

– The simultaneous acceleration of two beams– One stable from ATLAS-ECR and one radioactive from CARIBU-EBIS– One to the Booster energy and one to the full ATLAS energy

Will require– Replacing the ECR charge breeder with the newly developed EBIS breeder – Building an achromatic LEBT upstream of the RFQ– Building a pulsed switchyard for one beam extraction at the end of Booster– Relocating and installing an existing ECR as a second source for stable beams

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EBIS: A Key Component of ATLAS Multi-User Upgrade Will be installed on-line in 2015, replaces ECR charge breeder

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Measured Cs transmission efficiency: 55 ± 5 % ~ 13% breeding efficiency into a single charge state

Will be ready for online installation at CARIBU in 2015 – already funded Will enhance both the intensity and purity of CARIBU beams

EBIS Charge Breeder: Successful Off-line Commissioning

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Time Structure of CARIBU-EBIS and ATLAS-ECR Beams

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t

t

t

Radioactive ions from CARIBU-EBIS

Stable ions from ATLAS-ECR

Combined beam structure

Up to 3% Duty Factor

96 % Duty Factor

EBIS beam is ~ 10 μs to 1 ms pulse with 30 Hz repetition rate < 3 % DF DC beam from ECR could be injected into ATLAS in the remaining 97% DF CARIBU Beam masses range from 80 to 170 with Z ranging from 30 to 70 The highest charge-to-mass ratio they could be ionized to is 1/4. ATLAS accelerates any beam with a charge-to-mass ratio > 1/7 The useful charge-to-mass ratio range for the multi-user capability is 1/7 to 1/4 If EBIS is operated at 10 Hz, higher q/A 1/3 can be achieved

Stage I: Modify Injection to combine two beams

New achromatic LEBT to transport beams of slightly different q/A Pulsed electrostatic deflector to combine stable beam from ECR and RIB from EBIS

May 15, 2013

ATLAS Multi-User Potential ATLAS Workshop7

Second ECR

EBIS replacing ECR-1charge breeder

CARIBU

Achromatic LEBT

ECR-2

PII

RFQ

EBIS

Pulsed E-Deflector

Stage I: More Examples of Possible Simultaneous Beams Q/A is within 1% for Each Raw

Q/A Stable ATLAS beams CARIBU beams

0.25000 20Ne5+, 28Si7+, 36Ar9+ 84Se21+, 88Kr22+, 92Sr23+, 101Mo25+, 105Ru26+

0.24138 58Ni14+ 83As20+, 95Y23+, 104Tc25+, 112Pd27+, 117Cd28+

0.24000 50Ti12+ 88Br21+, 91Rb22+, 101Zr24+, 105Ru25+, 117Cd28+

0.23809 63Cu15+ 89Rb21+, 97Sr23+, 105Mo25+, 109Rh26+, 113Ag27+

0.23596 89Y21+ 89Kr21+, 97Sr23+, 102Zr24+, 111Rh26+, 119Cd28+

0.23214 56Fe13+ 94Kr22+, 100Sr23+, 113Rh26+, 126Sn29+, 143Ce33+

0.22917 48Ti11+, 74Ge17+ 92Kr21+, 105Nb24+, 109Tc25+, 119Pd27+, 149Nd34+

0.22857 35Cl8+ 100Y23+, 109Tc25+, 127Sn29+, 132I30+, 159Gd36+

0.22500 40Ca9+, 102Ru23+, 120Sn27+ 89Br20+, 112Rh25+, 139Xe31+, 157Sm35+, 156Eu35+

0.22368 76Ge17+ 90Br20+, 99Sr22+, 135Te30+, 128Cs31+, 161Gd36+

0.22034 59Co13+ 91Rb20+, 105Zr23+, 123Cd27+, 131Te29+, 146Pr32+

0.20513 78Kr16+ 93Y19+, 102Mo21+, 132Sn27+, 141I29+, 162Eu34+

0.20408 98Mo20+ 98Sr20+, 108Mo22+, 117Pd24+, 136Sb28+, 161Sm33+

0.20312 64Zn13+ 83Se17+, 93Y19+, 117Ag24+, 132I27+, 166Tb34+

May 15, 2013

ATLAS Multi-User Potential ATLAS Workshop8

Stage I More Examples of Possible Simultaneous Beams (2)

Q/A Stable ATLAS beams CARIBU beams

0.20000 40Ar8+,60Ni12+, 90Zr18+, 130Te26+ 85Se17+, 110Mo22+, 124In25+, 141I28+, 159Pm32+

0.18939 132Xe25+ 105Ru20+, 126In24+, 137I26+, 153Pr29+, 165Tb31+

0.17968 128Xe23+ 95Y17+, 105Tc19+, 134Sn24+, 144Xe26+, 149La27+

0.17857 84Kr15+ 100Nb18+, 111Tc20+, 117Cd21+, 141Xe25+, 147La26+

0.17721 79Br14+, 107Ag19+ 96Rb17+, 107Nb19+, 119Cd21+, 135Te24+, 151Nd27+

0.17500 80Se14+ 91Kr16+, 97Zr17+, 109Ru19+, 131Sb23+, 143Ba25+

0.15546 238U37+ 83Se13+, 90Kr14+, 97Sr15+, 103Zr16+, 141I22+

0.15116 86Kr13+ 86Se13+, 92Rb22+, 100Sr23+, 105Zr24+, 106Nb24+

0.15000 180Hf27+ 87Br13+, 94Kr14+, 100Sr15+, 101Y15+, 107Nb16+

0.14904 208Pb31+ 88Se13+, 88Br13+, 94Rb14+, 100Y15+, 107Nb16+

0.14832 209Bi31+ 87Se13+, 87Br13+, 95Rb14+, 102Y15+, 108Nb16+

0.14721 197Au29+ 89Se13+, 89Br13+, 95Rb14+, 102Y15+, 108Nb16+

0.14286 133Cs19+ 84As12+, 98Rb14+, …

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ATLAS as a Multi-User Facility, Stage I

Area II, ~ 6 MeV/u ion beam

(9 -15) MeV/u beam to Area III or IV

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ECR

Pulsed switchyard

Stage I Example: Detailed start-to-end 3D beam dynamics simulations 132Sn27+ from EBIS and 48Ca10+ from ECR

May 8, 2013

ATLAS Multi-User Potential Heavy-Ion Discussion Group

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48Ca10+ at 5.9 MeV/u

extracted and sent to Area II

132Sn27+ at 5.9 MeV/u

injected into ATLAS

132Sn27+ at 10 MeV/u

out of ATLAS to Areas III or IV

Stage I: Schedule and Funding

Schedule – Could be completed in two years from now– EBIS installation will take 3 months and is scheduled for next year. It will not

interrupt ATLAS operations with stable beams– Installation and commissioning of the achromatic LEBT and pulsed switchyard can

take 2-3 months and can be done during ATLAS scheduled shutdown– This installation schedule is based on our experience with the recent ATLAS

upgrades: LEBT modification, RFQ installation and Booster upgrade.– If the project starts in 2015, the completion is most likely in 2017

Funding:– The EBIS installation is funded by Accelerator Improvement funds (AIP)– Relocation of the existing ECR is partially funded by ATLAS Capital Equipment funds– New funding is required for a building extension to house the second ECR- $0.6M,

achromatic LEBT and switchyard - ~$1M– Total required funding is ~ $2M

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Stage II of the ATLAS Multi-User Upgrade Will allow:

– Simultaneous acceleration of two beams (one stable and one radioactive) to the full energy of ATLAS

– The acceleration of higher intensity stable beams to the full ATLAS energy Higher intensity radioactive beams from AIRIS (see C. Hoffman’s Talk)

Will require– Replacing the three old split-ring cryostats with two new QWR cryostats, one 72 MHz (intensity upgrade) and one 109 MHz (energy upgrade).– Upgrading the existing 109 MHz cryomodule with an additional cavity and

replacing VCX tuners to allow 3 MV voltage operation – Modifying the 40-deg bend to be achromatic– Reconfiguring the shielding to accommodate higher intensity beams in ATLAS– Creating a pulsed switchyard upstream of Area III

Example of beams:• 132Sn from CARIBU and the EBIS breeder going to HELIOS, • 48Ca (Q=9, 10, or 11) to 64Ni region from the ECR ion source going to either

the FMA or AGFA for heavy element spectroscopy

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Stage II: Replace old split-ring resonators with new QWRs

A/q Example of stable beams

Booster Energy-1 new cryostat(MeV/u)

ATLAS Energy-1 new cryostat(MeV/u)

ATLAS Energy- 2 new cryostats(MeV/u)

2 C6+ 16.5 25.1 34.0

3 Ar12+, O5+ 12.3 18.5 25.1

4 Ca11+, Ni16+ 10.0 14.8 20.0

5 Ar8+, Zr18+ 8.5 12.4 16.8

6 Kr14+, Xe21+ 7.4 10.7 14.4

7 Au, Pb, Bi, U 6.6 9.4 12.6

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Table of possible beam energies in the Booster and ATLAS after one and two new cryostats (no stripping required)

Upgrade existing 109 MHz cryomodule: add additional cavity, replace VCXs, average voltage per cavity is 3 MV

A new =0.077 QWR cryomodule, 7 cavities, VACC=3 MV

A new =0.15 QWR cryomodule, 8 cavities, VACC=3 MV

Stage II: Schedule and Funding Schedule

– Construction and off-line commissioning of two new cryomodules: 4-5 years. It will not interrupt ATLAS operation

– Installation and beam commissioning of cryomodules, relocation of the existing 109 MHz cryomodule and installation of achromatic 40-deg bend: 6 months

– This installation schedule is based on our recent experience with substantial modifications of the Tandem and Booster areas

Funding– Upgrading the existing 109 MHz cryomodule, AIP funding, $1.5M. It will take

place independently from the multi-user upgrade– Two new cryomodules, 40-deg bend, enhanced shielding walls: ~$(10-12)M

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Stage III of the ATLAS Multi-User Upgrade

Will allow:– The simultaneous acceleration of three beams; two stable and one radioactive to

either Booster or ATLAS energy to serve 3 different experiments simultaneously– Even higher intensity ATLAS beams, both stable from a new SC ECR and

radioactive by combining multiple charge states– Intensities of stable beams will be a factor of 5-10 higher than now

Will require:– Replacing one of the existing ECR with a new high-performance SC ECR source– Developing and installing a chopper system in the LEBT to inject two stable

beams with close q/A into two separate RF buckets of the RFQ– Modifying the injection for multiple-charge-state radioactive beams from EBIS– Developing and installing two RF switchyards for Areas II and III– Modifying experimental beam lines to allow the transport of multiple-charge-

state and larger emittance beams Example of Beams:

– 102Ru to HELIOS and 208Pb to Gammasphere and a radioactive beam to Target Area II or III, IV.

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Stage III: Schedule and Funding

Schedule– Longest lead time is the development of the SC ECR: 4 years. It can be started

now if funding is available– All modifications of ATLAS injector, beamlines can be performed in parallel

with ATLAS operations– May require one month of beam commissioning to implement new modes of

ATLAS operation

Funding– $(6-8)M, the most costly item is the SC ECR

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Past Performance Guarantees Future Success 3 ATLAS Upgrade projects: RFQ, Cryomodule and EBIS were delivered on

schedule with originally conceived parameters

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Summary The first stage of the Multi-User Upgrade can be implemented within 2

years at low cost

Replacement of remaining 3 split-ring cryomodules with 2 new cryomodules enables the acceleration of different q/A beams to the highest available energies including dual charge state beam from CARIBU EBIS

Once a decision is made to build 2 new cryomodules, we can proceed with the next 2 stages of the multi-user upgrade.

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Questions?

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Back-up Slides

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Stage I: Add Switchyard to extract one beam after Booster

Build a chicane under the main ATLAS beam line to extract one beam to Area II The second beam continues to ATLAS for further acceleration for Area III or IV The chicane consists of a pulsed kicker, a septum and three regular magnets The 40-deg bend will be modified to be achromatic for future stages of the upgrade

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Stage I Example: 132Sn27+ from EBIS and 48Ca10+

from ECR 132Sn27+ 48Ca10+

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Two separate beams at their sources

Combined beams in the LEBT

Two beams injectedinto the RFQ

Stage I Example: 132Sn27+ from EBIS and 48Ca10+

from ECR (2) 132Sn27+ 48Ca10+

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Two beams out of RFQ into PII

Two beams out of PII into Booster

Two beams out of Booster @ 5.9 MeV/u

Kicker Magnet Pulsed magnet Could be iron or ferrite magnet Ferrite magnets

– Rise- and fall-time can be very short – nsec

– Operate at high frequencies, MHz– High resistivity, low eddy current– Saturation field is up to 0.6T

Low inductance – single-turn coil Pulse Forming Network (PFN) as a

power supply

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Septum Magnet, DC Magnet

Required current ~kAmps Very high power is needed

– up to 100 kW

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Beamline

Stage II of Multi-User Upgrade

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New cryomodule =0.077

Remove all split-ring cryomodules New cryomodule =0.15, 8 cavities

Pulsed switchyards

ATLAS Multi-User Potential

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