Ataxia & cerebellar disorders
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Transcript of Ataxia & cerebellar disorders
Ataxia & Cerebellar disorders
Ataxia Gross lack of coordination of muscle movements Types- Cerebellar Sensory- posterior column defect- stomping gait,
+ve romberg test Vestibular- acute- vertigo, nausea/vomiting
Causes- Focal neurological deficit- CVA, MS, tumor, abscess Alcohol, drugs, toxins vit. B12 deficiency- SACD Peripheral neuropathy Paraneoplastic- breast, ovary, SCLC, Hodgkin’s Hereditary/congenital AIDS associated multifocal leucoencephalopathy
Signs of cerebellar disorders Ataxia- wide-based gait Decomposition of movement- inability to correctly
sequence fine coordinated acts Dysarthria- slurring & inappropriate phrasing Dysdiadochokinesia- inability to perform rapidly alternating
movements Dysmetria- inability to control range of movements Hypotonia Nystagmus- with fast component towards the site of lesion Scanning speech Intention tremor
Causes of cerebellar dysfunction Hereditary- Spinocerebellar ataxia Friedreich’s ataxia Congenital malformation- Dandy-Walker Acquired- Degenerative- multiple system atrophy Tumor- medulloblastoma, astrocytoma Systemic- alcoholism, hypothyroidism Drugs- lithium, phenytoin Toxins- heavy metals, carbon monoxide
Management
Dx- clinical + MRIRx- supportive &
of underlying cause, if any
Management
Dx- clinical + MRIRx- supportive &
of underlying cause, if any