8/3/2019 Asymmetric Warfare Group "Sniper Awareness and Counter Sniper Reference Card"

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Do not forget the best way toSTOP the SNIPER:

KILL the SNIPER!

    A   s   y   m   m   e   t   r    i   c    W   a   r    f   a   r   e    G   r   o   u

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    S    I    P    R

   a   w   g .   c

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    A    W    G    A    K    O    W   e    b   s    i   t   e

    h   t   t   p   s   :    /    /   w   w   w

 .   u   s .   a   r   m   y .   m    i    l    /   s   u    i   t   e    /   p   a   g   e    /    3    5    3    1    5    8

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  F   O   R   O  F  F I   C I   A  L   U   S   E   O   N  L   Y

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Observe

Orient

Decide

Act

Let him escape,and he will attacksomeone else,somewhere else.

KILL the SNIPER!

Proactive Tips

Maintain 360° security.DON’T SET PATTERNS.Deny enemy use o overwatching terrain.Remove rank insignia and do not salutein the eld in accordance with Area oOperation (AO) Guidance/Local Policy.Leaders should blend into element.

Use observation posts (OPs) and aerialobservers.Use magnied optics to scan or snipers.Use small recon and security patrols.

Limit exposure.

“Slice the Pie, Reduce Exposure” 

Wear protective armor.Use armored vehicles.Erect screens/shields or cover.Use smoke hazes or smoke screens toobscure the sniper’s eld o view and limit

 the eectiveness o his re.Stick to the shadows; use cover andconcealment.

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What can be done to avoid being 

a “sniper’s target”? 

Reactive Tips

Take up covered/concealed positions(also conceal with SMOKE). Any woundedsoldier applies “sel aid.”

Identiy sniper location and return re.

Attack: Maneuver on enemy location andkill him.

Reorganize and evaluate casualties.

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What should be done once a sniper 

has engaged the element? 

Enemy TTP

Urban: 25 to 200 meters rom street level

Rural: may operate at longer ranges

The enemy sniperWill wait to take ollow-on shots at anysoldier moving into the “kill zone”

Will oten videotape the attack or propa-ganda purposes

May operate within a team with more thanone prepared vehicle/mobile shootingplatorm

May use “D.C. Sniper Tactic,” completewith loopholes or markings, allowing him tomove unmolested past checkpoints

May attempt to assess success by drivingor walking by the target ater the shot

May use “bait” such as a dead body or IED to draw riendly orces into his “kill zone”

Will engage the easiest target, such as

a top gunner or stationary guard. “Keepmoving.”

Will aim or vulnerable areas o body armor

Will attack mostly during daylight hours

Enemy TTP can and will change.

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1. Deliberate: planned using “bait” 

2. Hasty: targets of opportunity 

Friendly TTP

Increase/change your security postureater 20 minutes in one location and con-

 tinue to change/upgrade.

Use interpreters with radio on scan topick up enemy communications.

Use cover and concealment wheneverpossible, e.g., camoufage netting over TCand gunners on Strykers.

Stop and search suspicious vehicles seendriving by more than once.

Plan to use roving vehicles that can fex toinvestigate suspicious vehicles.

Keep personnel in CONSTANT motion,walking in “W” and “S” patterns.

Use ISR platorms.

Keep vehicles available or searches.

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These have proven to reduce sniper 

activity and success.

KNOW:

FM 7-8: Inantry Rife Platoon and Squad

BD 1A: Squad Attack

BD 2A: React to ContactBD 4: React to Ambush

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DO NOT xate on casualties!Kill the sniper, then attend to casualties.

Have a PLAN and REHEARSE IT.

Maintain 360° security.

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The Enemy will change his TTP.

Do NOT orget to change your TTPs.

Keep rom setting predictable patterns.

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Imagine that your unit islocated at the center o

a circle with a radius

based on the eectiverange o a sniper.

Locating Sniper Positions

Once the rst shot is red, an initialdirection can be determined,

eectively cutting the

area o the circle in hal.

Focus visual searches

on the suspected

areas.

Following shots by the sniper will

serve to urther narrow thecircle into a wedge.

Again, ocus onsearching the

suspected wedge.

Once detected and located, asecond element can maneuver to

deeat the sniper or cut o

 the escape route.

In the open, keep in constant motion. You should

always be moving in “S” or “W” paths.

P: Limit your exposure using walls, vehicles,

and hard cover at your 

back and sides.

P: Further limit exposure 

by using angles and corners to fanks.

P: Reduce your 

exposure to a small 

“slice” o the “pie” that 

is also your sector o responsibility.

P: I you must be 

exposed in the open 

due to METT-TC, then 

try to move oten and 

cover your partner’s 

danger areas.

“Slice the Pie”

SNIPER

P = Proactive 

Narrow the area o possible sniper locations, then search or engage in the most likely area.

8/3/2019 Asymmetric Warfare Group "Sniper Awareness and Counter Sniper Reference Card"

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07-04104-03

SLICE THE PIE.

Scan near and ar, high and low.

Use telescopic optics.

Seek cover/concealment and return re.

Use more smoke.

Focus cordon/search around 200 meters.

Focus cordon/search along a narrow“slice o the pie.”

Harass the enemy sniper.

Kill the enemy sniper!

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Appendix F rom FM 7-92: THE INFANTRY

RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON AND SQUAD

(AIRBORNE, AIR ASSAULT, LIGHT INFANTRY)

FM 7-8: INFANTRY RIFLE PLATOON AND SQUAD

Chapter 6 rom FM 3- 06.11: COMBINED ARMSOPERATIONS IN URBAN TERRAIN

FM 23-10: SNIPER OPERATIONS

Canadian Sniper Manual

Sources

Specially Trained Sniper: The

most dangerous sniper is one whohas been specially selected, trained,

and equipped with an accurate

sniper rife outtted with modernscopes, night vision, and even thermal

imagers. He is an expert trained to

select key individuals as his targets.

He can hit at great ranges (sometimesout to 1,000 meters) and is skilled in

avoiding detection. This sniper is the

most dicult to counter eectively.

Trained Marksman. A trainedmarksman is a common sniper

oten ound in urban combat. He is

a skilled soldier, equipped with astandard-issue weapon, who is an

above-average shot. He normallyhas air-to-good eld crat skills

and is dicult to detect in the urban

environment. He may be employed

singly or in teams to create conusion

among riendly orces, causecasualties, or harass and disrupt the

 tempo o operations. He can be ound

in airly large numbers in the armies

o many potential adversaries.

Armed Irregular. This snipermay have little or no ormal military

 training but may have experience in

urban combat. He may or may notwear any distinguishing uniorm and

may even appear to be merely another

o the thousands o noncombatantsound in a large urban area. He may

or may not carry his weapon openly

and may go to great lengths to

avoid identication as a sniper. His

strengths are his knowledge o thelocal terrain and his ability to melt

into the local populace.

Levels of Snipers

1

2

3

Principles

Tips

Before Going Out

Prepare patrol brie based on current

enemy Tactics, Techniques, and Proce-

dures (TTPs).

Rehearse battle drills.

 While Out

Maintain 360° security.

Limit stationary time.

Limit exposure.

Respond quickly.

Follow through (nd, x, nish, exploit,

and analyze).

General

Everyone is a counter-sniper.

Use optics to “out look” the enemy.

Use improvised or eld-expedient tech-

nology (e.g., nets, screens, etc.)

immediately.

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Throw smoke, then collect and evacuatecasualties as required.

Find the sniper by his mistakes: refec- tions, dust clouds, muzzle fashes, etc.

Use a cleaning rod inserted in a bullet

hole to locate the sniper.

Use unit res within Rules o Engage-ment (ROE).

Use overmatching res within ROE.Cordon most likely area (around 25 to200 meters).Hunt down and KILL the enemy sniper.Harass the enemy sniper i not KILLhim!

Use thermal imagers i they are availableand i the ambient temperature warrantsit. Thermals provide an excellent orcemultiplier, especially when used in con-junction with smoke. They will not work

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S·A·L·U·T·E

S–Size

A–Activity

L–Location

U–Uniform/Unit T–TimeandDate

E–Equipment

For reporting enemy activity 

to higher HQ S – Size

What is the size o the unit?Number o personnelNumber o vehicles (highway, rail, etc.)

A – Activity

What are they doing?

L – Location

Where are they located?Grid coordinates

U – Uniform/Unit

What are they wearing?

What unit do they belong to?

T – Time and Date

What time o day/night do you see them?Day and Time Group (DTG)Zulu or local

E – Equipment

What type o equipment did you see?

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Review

as well when ambient temperatures arehigher (70–100 degrees F). Thermals workwell in the daylight i conditions are right.

Use “retro-refection” on enemy optics.Shining lasers or spotlights during hours

o darkness can refect many things, butwill refect enemy optics. Warning: com-promise o your location is a risk.

Ensure positive identication o target;weigh risk o excessive collateral damage.

How far out should a search for an enemy sniper focus? 

Focus searches around 25 to 200 meters

rst. It is possible or “specially trained

snipers” to engage at arther ranges, but

less likely that they will be successulat arther ranges. In rural areas search

distances are oten arther.

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