Astronomy 103 Exam Review - UW-Madison Astronomygosnell/exam1review.pdf · Astronomy 103 Exam...
Transcript of Astronomy 103 Exam Review - UW-Madison Astronomygosnell/exam1review.pdf · Astronomy 103 Exam...
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Astronomy103ExamReview
Spring2009
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Iamlookingattwoobjects.OnehasaheightHandhasbeenplacedatadistance2D.Theotherhasaheight2Handhasbeenplacedatadistance3D.WhichsubtendsalargeranglefrommylocaJon?
A. closerobjectB. moredistantobjectC. neither.Theybothsubtendthesameangle.D. ItisnotpossibletoanswerthequesJonfromthisinformaJonalone.
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Iamlookingattwoobjects.OnehasaheightHandhasbeenplacedatadistance2D.Theotherhasaheight2Handhasbeenplacedatadistance3D.WhichsubtendsalargeranglefrommylocaJon?
A. closerobjectB. moredistantobjectC. neither.Theybothsubtendthesameangle.D. ItisnotpossibletoanswerthequesJonfromthisinformaJonalone.
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AsynodicmonthistheJmeoverwhichthe
A. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetotheSun.
B. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetothedistantstars.
C. EarthcompletesonetwelPhofanorbitaroundtheSun.
D. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheSunrelaJvetothedistantstars.
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AsynodicmonthistheJmeoverwhichthe
A. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetotheSun.
B. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheEarthrelaJvetothedistantstars.
C. EarthcompletesonetwelPhofanorbitaroundtheSun.
D. MooncompletesoneorbitaroundtheSunrelaJvetothedistantstars.
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Polaris,theNorthStar,isattheendofthehandleoftheLiUleDipper.HowdothestarsoftheLiUleDippermovewithrespecttoPolaris?
A.eastward
B. westward
C. clockwise
D.counterclockwise
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Polaris,theNorthStar,isattheendofthehandleoftheLiUleDipper.HowdothestarsoftheLiUleDippermovewithrespecttoPolaris?
A.eastward
B. westward
C. clockwise
D.counterclockwise
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Ahot,densegasproduces
A. aconJnuousspectrum,withenergyemiUedateverywavelength.
B. anemissionlinespectrum,withbrightlinesagainstadarkbackground.
C. anabsorpJonlinespectrum,withdarklinesagainstabrightbackground.
D. nospectrumatallbecauselightcannotescapefromadensegas.
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Ahot,densegasproduces
A. aconJnuousspectrum,withenergyemiUedateverywavelength.
B. anemissionlinespectrum,withbrightlinesagainstadarkbackground.
C. anabsorpJonlinespectrum,withdarklinesagainstabrightbackground.
D. nospectrumatallbecauselightcannotescapefromadensegas.
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InNewYorkCity,theconstellaJonOrionishighintheskyaround11P.M.inJanuary.AtwhatJmeofthedayornightwouldOrionbehighintheskyinJuly?
A. 11A.M.B. 11P.M.C. 5A.M.D. 5P.M.
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InNewYorkCity,theconstellaJonOrionishighintheskyaround11P.M.inJanuary.AtwhatJmeofthedayornightwouldOrionbehighintheskyinJuly?
A. 11A.M.B. 11P.M.C. 5A.M.D. 5P.M.
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ItishoUerinNorthAmericainJulythaninDecemberbecausethe
A. EarthisclosertotheSuninJuly.B. Sun'sraysstriketheNorthAmericanconJnentmoredirectlyinJuly.
C. SunisaliUlehoUer.D. southpoleoftheEarthpointstowardtheSuninDecember.
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ItishoUerinNorthAmericainJulythaninDecemberbecausethe
A. EarthisclosertotheSuninJuly.B. Sun'sraysstriketheNorthAmericanconJnentmoredirectlyinJuly.
C. SunisaliUlehoUer.D. southpoleoftheEarthpointstowardtheSuninDecember.
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IftheplaneoftheMoon'sorbitwerethesameastheeclipJc(theplaneoftheEarth'sorbit),wewouldhave
A. twosolareclipseseachmonth.B. twolunareclipseseachmonth.C. onesolareclipseandonelunareclipseeachmonth.
D. noeclipseofeithertype.
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IftheplaneoftheMoon'sorbitwerethesameastheeclipJc(theplaneoftheEarth'sorbit),wewouldhave
A. twosolareclipseseachmonth.B. twolunareclipseseachmonth.C. onesolareclipseandonelunareclipseeachmonth.
D. noeclipseofeithertype.
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Onebeamofpurelighthasahighfrequencyandashortwavelength,whileasecondpurebeamhasalowfrequencyandalongwavelength.Aphotonfromthehigh‐frequencybeamhas___________thanaphotonfromthelow‐frequencybeam.
A. lessenergyB. moreenergyC. agreaterspeedD. asmallerspeed
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Onebeamofpurelighthasahighfrequencyandashortwavelength,whileasecondpurebeamhasalowfrequencyandalongwavelength.Aphotonfromthehigh‐frequencybeamhas___________thanaphotonfromthelow‐frequencybeam.
A. lessenergyB. moreenergyC. agreaterspeedD. asmallerspeed
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Twofreshlymadeironhorseshoesarehanginginablacksmith'sshop.OneissJlltoohottotouch,theotherhascooledtoroomtemperature.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwohorseshoes?
A.TheatomsinthehoUeronearemovingfasterthanthoseinthecoolerone.
B.ThepeakemissionfromthehoUeroneisshiPedtoalongerwavelengthcomparedtotheemissionfromthecoolerone.
C.ThehoUeroneemitsonlybluelight,whereasthecooleroneemitsonlyintheinfrared.
D.ThehoUeroneradiatesanemissionlinespectrum,whereasthecooleroneemitsaconJnuousspectrum.
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Twofreshlymadeironhorseshoesarehanginginablacksmith'sshop.OneissJlltoohottotouch,theotherhascooledtoroomtemperature.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwohorseshoes?
A.TheatomsinthehoUeronearemovingfasterthanthoseinthecoolerone.
B.ThepeakemissionfromthehoUeroneisshiPedtoalongerwavelengthcomparedtotheemissionfromthecoolerone.
C.ThehoUeroneemitsonlybluelight,whereasthecooleroneemitsonlyintheinfrared.
D.ThehoUeroneradiatesanemissionlinespectrum,whereasthecooleroneemitsaconJnuousspectrum.
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WhentheMooneclipsestheSunbuttheumbraoftheMoon'sshadowdoesnottouchthesurfaceoftheearth,itisa(n)
A.totaleclipse.
B. parJaleclipse.
C. annulareclipse.
D.semiannulareclipse.
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WhentheMooneclipsestheSunbuttheumbraoftheMoon'sshadowdoesnottouchthesurfaceoftheearth,itisa(n)
A.totaleclipse.
B. parJaleclipse.
C. annulareclipse.
D.semiannulareclipse.
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AplanetmovinginanellipsewiththeSunatonefocuswillhaveaspeedthatis
A.highestwhenitisclosesttotheSun.
B. highestwhenitisfarthestfromtheSun.
C. constantalongtheorbit.
D.highestatthetwoendsoftheellipse.
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AplanetmovinginanellipsewiththeSunatonefocuswillhaveaspeedthatis
A.highestwhenitisclosesttotheSun.
B. highestwhenitisfarthestfromtheSun.
C. constantalongtheorbit.
D.highestatthetwoendsoftheellipse.
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TwospaceshipshavingdifferentmassesbutrocketenginesofidenJcalforcearecoasJngtogetherthroughspaceatconstantvelocity.IftheythenfiretheirrocketsatthesameJme,whichofthetwoshipswillspeedupfaster?
A. theonewiththelowermassB. theonewiththehighermassC. Theywillspeedupequally,becausetheyhaveidenJcalrocketengines.
D. Theycannotspeedupatall,becausetheyareinspaceandtheirengineshavenothingagainstwhichtopush.
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TwospaceshipshavingdifferentmassesbutrocketenginesofidenJcalforcearecoasJngtogetherthroughspaceatconstantvelocity.IftheythenfiretheirrocketsatthesameJme,whichofthetwoshipswillspeedupfaster?
A. theonewiththelowermassB. theonewiththehighermassC. Theywillspeedupequally,becausetheyhaveidenJcalrocketengines.
D. Theycannotspeedupatall,becausetheyareinspaceandtheirengineshavenothingagainstwhichtopush.
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ThespectrumofradiaJonemiUedbyadense,opaqueobjectdependsmostlyonits
A.density.
B. opacity.
C. materialcomposiJon.
D.temperature.
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ThespectrumofradiaJonemiUedbyadense,opaqueobjectdependsmostlyonits
A.density.
B. opacity.
C. materialcomposiJon.
D.temperature.
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AnorbiJngobjectstaysinorbitbecause
A. ithasforwardmoJonthatkeepsitfromhi`ngtheEarthasitfalls.
B. gravityissoweakinspacethatittakesanobjectalongJmetofallbackdown.
C. airfricJonpreventsitfromfallingbacktoEarth.
D. thespinoftheEarthkeepspropellingitoutward.
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AnorbiJngobjectstaysinorbitbecause
A. ithasforwardmoJonthatkeepsitfromhi`ngtheEarthasitfalls.
B. gravityissoweakinspacethatittakesanobjectalongJmetofallbackdown.
C. airfricJonpreventsitfromfallingbacktoEarth.
D. thespinoftheEarthkeepspropellingitoutward.
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AsinglereflecJngdishusedbyradiotelescopescanhaveadiameterofupto300mcomparedtoadiameterofonlyabout10mforthelargestopJcaltelescopemirrors.Nevertheless,theseradiotelescopessJllhavemuchpoorerangularresoluJonthantheopJcaltelescopes.Explain.
A. Radiowaveshaveamuchlongerwavelengththanlightwaves.B. Radiowavesaremuchweakerthanlightwaves.C. Radiodishesconsistofmetalsurfacesorwiremesh,which
degradestheimagecomparedtothesmoothanduniformlyreflecJngsurfaceofanopJcalmirror.
D. Astronomical“seeing”ismuchworseatradiowavelengthsthanatopJcalwavelengths.
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AsinglereflecJngdishusedbyradiotelescopescanhaveadiameterofupto300mcomparedtoadiameterofonlyabout10mforthelargestopJcaltelescopemirrors.Nevertheless,theseradiotelescopessJllhavemuchpoorerangularresoluJonthantheopJcaltelescopes.Explain.
A. Radiowaveshaveamuchlongerwavelengththanlightwaves.B. Radiowavesaremuchweakerthanlightwaves.C. Radiodishesconsistofmetalsurfacesorwiremesh,which
degradestheimagecomparedtothesmoothanduniformlyreflecJngsurfaceofanopJcalmirror.
D. Astronomical“seeing”ismuchworseatradiowavelengthsthanatopJcalwavelengths.
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Ifyouarestandingat55°N,thestarPolarisappearsat
A. 35°abovethenorthernhorizonB. ZenithC. 55°abovethesouthernhorizonD. 55°abovethenorthernhorizon
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Ifyouarestandingat55°N,thestarPolarisappearsat
A. 35°abovethenorthernhorizonB. ZenithC. 55°abovethesouthernhorizonD. 55°abovethenorthernhorizon
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Galileo’sevidenceforaheliocentricmodelofoursolarsystemincluded:
A. Observing4moonsorbiJngJupiter
B. TheEarth’sseasonsC. Thephasesofthemoon
D. RetrogrademoJonoftheplanets
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Galileo’sevidenceforaheliocentricmodelofoursolarsystemincluded:
A. Observing4moonsorbiJngJupiter
B. TheEarth’sseasonsC. Thephasesofthemoon
D. RetrogrademoJonoftheplanets
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Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutphotonsiscorrect?
A.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbythenumberofphotonspresentinthebeam.
B.Thewavelengthofeachphotondeterminesthebrightnessofthebeam.
C.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.
D.Thebrightnessofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.
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Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutphotonsiscorrect?
A.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbythenumberofphotonspresentinthebeam.
B.Thewavelengthofeachphotondeterminesthebrightnessofthebeam.
C.Thecolorofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.
D.Thebrightnessofabeamoflightisdeterminedbytheenergyoftheindividualphotonsofwhichthebeamiscomposed.
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AccordingtotheBohrtheory,lightemiUedbyatomsoriginatesfrom
A.photonsemiUeddirectlyfromthenucleus.
B. transiJonsofelectronsbetweendifferentenergylevelsintheatom.
C. collisionsbetweenatoms.
D.electronsemiUedfromthenucleus.
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AccordingtotheBohrtheory,lightemiUedbyatomsoriginatesfrom
A.photonsemiUeddirectlyfromthenucleus.
B. transiJonsofelectronsbetweendifferentenergylevelsintheatom.
C. collisionsbetweenatoms.
D.electronsemiUedfromthenucleus.
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WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefittousingareflecJvetelescopeoverarefracJvetelescope?
A. NowavelengthdependenceB. Morecompactdesign
C. BeUermagnificaJonpower
D. LesssizelimitaJons
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WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefittousingareflecJvetelescopeoverarefracJvetelescope?
A. NowavelengthdependenceB. Morecompactdesign
C. BeUermagnificaJonpower
D. LesssizelimitaJons
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Throughwhichofthefollowingmaterialsdoeslighttravelfastest?
A.glass
B. water
C. air
D.vacuum
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Throughwhichofthefollowingmaterialsdoeslighttravelfastest?
A.glass
B. water
C. air
D.vacuum