ASTRONET: A long-term planning for the European Astronomy Jesús Gallego 22/03/2012RIA meeting1 On...

ASTRONET: A long-term planningASTRONET: A long-term planningfor the European Astronomyfor the European Astronomy

Jesús GallegoJesús Gallego

22/03/201222/03/2012 RIA meetingRIA meeting 11

On the optimization of On the optimization of the use of 2-4m class telescopesthe use of 2-4m class telescopesby the European astronomical communityby the European astronomical community

http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/index_en.cfm?p=10_infra

http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/index_en.cfm?p=10_infra

OutlineOutline

Background to ASTRONETBackground to ASTRONET

Science Vision and RoadmapScience Vision and Roadmap

Optimizing Medium-sized European TelescopesOptimizing Medium-sized European Telescopes

Implications for Spain-based observatoriesImplications for Spain-based observatories


ERA-NET, funded by EU FP6 (2.5M€) and EU FP7 ERA-NET, funded by EU FP6 (2.5M€) and EU FP7 (1.6M€) (1.6M€)

– Astronet-1: 2006-2009+1; Astronet-2: 2011- 2014Astronet-1: 2006-2009+1; Astronet-2: 2011- 2014– Coordinator: CNRS/INSU (Jean-Marie Hameury)Coordinator: CNRS/INSU (Jean-Marie Hameury)– Board Chair: Ronald Stark (NWO), Board Chair: Ronald Stark (NWO), previously J. Anderssen (NOTSA)previously J. Anderssen (NOTSA)

11 Contractors11 ContractorsSTFC (United Kingdom), CNRS/INSU (France), INAF (Italy), STFC (United Kingdom), CNRS/INSU (France), INAF (Italy), NWO (Netherlands), PT-DESY & BMBF (Germany)NWO (Netherlands), PT-DESY & BMBF (Germany)MINECO (former MICINNMINECO (former MICINN Spain), NOTSA (Scandinavia), NCBIR Spain), NOTSA (Scandinavia), NCBIR (Poland), CAS ((Poland), CAS (Czech Republic), Czech Republic), ESO (Internacional)+…ESO (Internacional)+…

Associates and forum membersAssociates and forum membersUp to 25 countries (including ESA, MPG, DFG, …)Up to 25 countries (including ESA, MPG, DFG, …)

What is ASTRONET?What is ASTRONET?


ContextContext

Large projects proposed for Large projects proposed for the next 10-20 years in astronomy and the next 10-20 years in astronomy and astro-particle physics constitute several thousand million €astro-particle physics constitute several thousand million €

EU only provides for a few % of this cost; the funding agencies the rest EU only provides for a few % of this cost; the funding agencies the rest

ASTRONET thus established to help national funding agencies to take ASTRONET thus established to help national funding agencies to take science-based, rational, coordinated decisions for the long term benefit science-based, rational, coordinated decisions for the long term benefit of European astronomy - and, at a higher level, to help unlock further of European astronomy - and, at a higher level, to help unlock further necessary resource for our sciencenecessary resource for our science

(~ Producing a (better) counterpart of the US Decadal Surveys)(~ Producing a (better) counterpart of the US Decadal Surveys)


1. Common 1. Common Science VisionScience Vision for the next 20 years for the next 20 years

- Published in September 2007 - Published in September 2007

2. 2. Roadmap of InfrastructuresRoadmap of Infrastructures to match the Science Vision to match the Science Vision

- - Published in November 2008Published in November 2008

Activities 2005 - 2010Activities 2005 - 2010

3.3. Report on the Management of European AstronomyReport on the Management of European Astronomy

- Published July 2007- Published July 2007

4.4. Coordinated Actions: Common call for proposals Coordinated Actions: Common call for proposals - 1st Call February 2008: - 1st Call February 2008: ”Common Tools for Future Large sub-mm Facilities””Common Tools for Future Large sub-mm Facilities”

- Executed 2009, six funding agencies, 0.5 M€ / each- Executed 2009, six funding agencies, 0.5 M€ / each

5. 5. Implemention Phase: specific actions for long-term futureImplemention Phase: specific actions for long-term future


Science Vision Key QuestionsScience Vision Key Questions

A: Do we understand the extremes of the A: Do we understand the extremes of the Universe? Universe?

B: How do galaxies form and evolve?B: How do galaxies form and evolve?

C: What is the origin and evolution of stars C: What is the origin and evolution of stars and planetary systems?and planetary systems?

D: How do we fit in? D: How do we fit in?

Developed in sufficient detail to allow identification of Developed in sufficient detail to allow identification of generic capabilities needed to deliver the Visiongeneric capabilities needed to deliver the Vision

Brief: To look broadly at key science questions in all Brief: To look broadly at key science questions in all of astronomy for the next two decadesof astronomy for the next two decades


““A Grand Vision for Astronomy”A Grand Vision for Astronomy”

Published 28 September 2007Published 28 September 2007

Available as a PDF file at:Available as a PDF file at:

http://www.astronet-eu.org/http://www.astronet-eu.org/


SVSV: Modest-sized telescopes role and tasks: Modest-sized telescopes role and tasks

Support for GaiaSupport for Gaia Systematic monitoring for SNSystematic monitoring for SN Fast response to transientsFast response to transients

RecommendationsRecommendationsWF MOS telescopeWF MOS telescope2m telescopes Network 2m telescopes Network

SpecializationSpecialization CoordinationCoordination


Developing the RoadmapDeveloping the Roadmap

Brief: Brief: To assemble a plan for the development of To assemble a plan for the development of

the infrastructures that will enable European the infrastructures that will enable European Astronomy to deliver the Science VisionAstronomy to deliver the Science Vision

- - Taking the Science Vision as the point of departureTaking the Science Vision as the point of departure

- Fitting within reasonable budgetary envelopes & - Fitting within reasonable budgetary envelopes &

schedules! schedules!


““A strategic Plan for European A strategic Plan for European Astronomy”Astronomy”

Published 25th Nov 2008Published 25th Nov 2008

Available in PDF format:Available in PDF format:



Overall PrioritiesOverall Priorities

Ground-based, Large & Medium scaleGround-based, Large & Medium scale1.1. E-ELT and SKAE-ELT and SKA

2.2. Others…Others…

Ground-based, Small scaleGround-based, Small scale1.1. Optimisation of existing telescopesOptimisation of existing telescopes

2.2. European Telescope Strategic Review Committee European Telescope Strategic Review Committee on Europe’s 2-4m on Europe’s 2-4m

• Wide-Field MOSWide-Field MOS


ASTRONET/OPTICON ETSRCASTRONET/OPTICON ETSRC

ETSRC: European Telescope Strategic Review Committee ETSRC: European Telescope Strategic Review Committee on Europe’s 2-4m telescopes over the decadeon Europe’s 2-4m telescopes over the decade

Urgent need to define a strategy for 2-4m (optical/nIR) Urgent need to define a strategy for 2-4m (optical/nIR) telescopes at the European Level (identified by both SV telescopes at the European Level (identified by both SV and RM)and RM)

ASTRONET / OPTICON common effortASTRONET / OPTICON common effort

Panel set up (chair, J. Drew) to identify how Europe’s Panel set up (chair, J. Drew) to identify how Europe’s medium size telescopes could best contribute to the medium size telescopes could best contribute to the delivery of the SV and how could do so cost effectively.delivery of the SV and how could do so cost effectively.


ASTRONET/OPTICON ETSRCASTRONET/OPTICON ETSRC

Published May 2010Published May 2010

Available in PDF format:Available in PDF format:



ETSRC RecommendationsETSRC Recommendations

To To work towards a common European TACwork towards a common European TAC To work towards combined management and operation for La To work towards combined management and operation for La

PalmaPalma WF Spectrograph on one 4m telescope on each WF Spectrograph on one 4m telescope on each

HemisphereHemisphere Formation of international consortia to build instruments for Formation of international consortia to build instruments for

the Northern telescopesthe Northern telescopes Rational suite of telescopes/instrumentsRational suite of telescopes/instruments Imaging Support for GaiaImaging Support for Gaia


ETSRC SummaryETSRC Summary

Three basic capacities:Three basic capacities:

Optical WF MOS (both hemispheres ideal)Optical WF MOS (both hemispheres ideal)Priority to the Northern HemispherePriority to the Northern Hemisphere

Echelle Spectrocopy in both optical and near-IREchelle Spectrocopy in both optical and near-IR

WF imaging surveys WF imaging surveys


ASTRONET WFS-WGASTRONET WFS-WG

Three “main science drivers” identified:Three “main science drivers” identified: Milky-Way archeology (Gaia)Milky-Way archeology (Gaia) Cosmology (BAOs)Cosmology (BAOs) Galaxy evolutionGalaxy evolution

WFS-WG: Wide-Field Spectrograph Working Group WFS-WG: Wide-Field Spectrograph Working Group

Two main facilities requested:Two main facilities requested:

Optical WF-MOS R=5,000 Optical WF-MOS R=5,000 in 4m telescopes, both Hemispheresin 4m telescopes, both Hemispheres

Near-IR WF-MOS in 8m telescopeNear-IR WF-MOS in 8m telescope

Published September 2011Published September 2011

Available in PDF format:Available in PDF format:http://www.astronet-eu.org/http://www.astronet-eu.org/


ESO Call for WF Spectroscopic Survey Facilities Call for WF Spectroscopic Survey Facilities

Call in September 2010Call in September 2010

May 2011, ESO selected two phase A studies,May 2011, ESO selected two phase A studies,among the 7 proposals: MOONS + 4MOSTamong the 7 proposals: MOONS + 4MOST

Kick-Off meetings in September 2011Kick-Off meetings in September 2011

Final build decision by ESO will occur in Spring 2013.Final build decision by ESO will occur in Spring 2013.


http://www.eso.org/

A new WF-MOS for WHT: WEAVEA new WF-MOS for WHT: WEAVE

WHT Enhanced Aperture Velocity ExplorerWHT Enhanced Aperture Velocity Explorer– Proposed WHT Facility instrument Proposed WHT Facility instrument – Prime Focus Multi-fiber MOS, spectrograph on Nasmyth Prime Focus Multi-fiber MOS, spectrograph on Nasmyth

platformplatform– Multiplex ~1000, MOS, IFU, mini-IFUMultiplex ~1000, MOS, IFU, mini-IFU– FOV 2 deg diamFOV 2 deg diam– R=5,000 + 20,000R=5,000 + 20,000

2012: Joint effort of several funding agencies (UK, NE...)2012: Joint effort of several funding agencies (UK, NE...)to guarantee WEAVEto guarantee WEAVE


Top priority instrumentsTop priority instruments

Optical WF-MOS R=5,000 in 4m telescopes Optical WF-MOS R=5,000 in 4m telescopes

Optical/Near-IR WF-MOS in 8m telescopeOptical/Near-IR WF-MOS in 8m telescope

MOONS @ VLTMOONS @ VLT

WEAVE @ WHTWEAVE @ WHT

4MOST @ VISTA4MOST @ VISTA


Astronet-2 (2011-2014)Astronet-2 (2011-2014)

Task 5.1 Implementation of the ETSRC Task 5.1 Implementation of the ETSRC recommendations for the cost-benefit optimisation of the operation of the European optical/IR 2-4m telescopesTask leader: MICINN, 48 months, starting 2011

Task 4.1 Coordination of existing facilities: Task 4.1 Coordination of existing facilities: European Large Telescope Strategic Review Committee (ELTSRC) for the cost-benefit optimisation of the operation of the European optical/IR 8-10m telescopes Task leader: MICINN, 48 months, starting 2013


Duties of the task leaderDuties of the task leader

To provide the platformTo provide the platform

To promote and motivate the discussionsTo promote and motivate the discussions

Draw conclusionsDraw conclusions

Pretty much action in different forumsPretty much action in different forums

Contacts by several agenciesContacts by several agencies

National TAC chairs meeting (June 2011)National TAC chairs meeting (June 2011)

No technical problems to implement CTACsNo technical problems to implement CTACs

Opticon meetingsOpticon meetings

Proposal for an important Trans National Proposal for an important Trans National Access Program (TNA)Access Program (TNA)

Activity during 2011Activity during 2011


CTAC considerationsCTAC considerations

CTACCTAC versusversus Distributed model Distributed model

1500 nights /semester1500 nights /semester 700 proposals700 proposals ESO OPC sized TACESO OPC sized TAC Support from OPTICON neededSupport from OPTICON needed Juste return NEEDEDJuste return NEEDED Unit of currency TBDUnit of currency TBD

NightsNights Adjusted nightsAdjusted nights Budget adjusted nights Budget adjusted nights

Long-term projects with highlyLong-term projects with highly specialized instruments specialized instruments Instruments as top-priority driversInstruments as top-priority drivers Specialized TACsSpecialized TACs


Some considerationsSome considerations

• Serious lack of resources

• Existing Agreements for most observatories

• Top priority for instrumentation

• 4m telescopes becoming highly specialized

• HR spectroscopy for TNG 3.5m

• CARMENES for CAHA 3.5m

• WEAVE for WHT 4.2m

• No obvious mechanism to compare facilities


Are the 2m telescopes different?Are the 2m telescopes different?

• 2m telescopes are not so much specialized

• To consider 2m (CAHA 2.2m + NOT 2.5m + INT) as starting point?

• Small number of nights (5-10 / semester)

• Mechanisms to guarantee minimum fair return to telescope owners

• Implement as option of Opticon CTAC (only available for the specific telescope communities)


ASTRONET: A long-term planning for the European Astronomy Jesús Gallego 22/03/2012RIA meeting1 On...

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