1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology2Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University

The Europa Clipper May 13, 2015

Robert Pappalardo1

Barry Goldstein1

Dave Senske1

Louise Prockter2

Tom Magner2

Brian Cooke1

Copyright 2015. All rights reserved. Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only

Ingredients for Life?

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Chemistry: Do red surface deposits tell of habitability below?

Energy: Can chemical disequilibrium provide energy for life?

Chemistry Energy

Water

Habitability

Water: Are a global ocean and lakes of water hidden below the ice?

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. .

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Goal: Explore Europa to investigate its habitability

Objectives:

• Ice Shell & Ocean: Existence and natureof water within or beneath the ice, and processes of surface-ice-ocean exchange

• Composition: Distribution and chemistryof key compounds and the links toocean composition

• Geology: Characteristics and formation of surface features, including sites of recent or current activity

Europa Clipper Science

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.

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Seawater

Ocean characteristics:• Ocean salinity

& thickness)

• Gravitational tides

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.

Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology

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Ice shell characteristics:• Shallow water

• Ice-ocean interface

• Material exchange

• Heat flow variations

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.

Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology

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Composition & chemistry:• Composition and chemistry

on surface and in atmosphere

• Radiation effects

• Chemical and compositional pathways from the ocean

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.

Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology

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Europa high-resolution topography: 10 m vert.Elevation model by B. Giese

Galileo 30 m/pixelMosaic by P. Schenk

Geological activity:• Characterize high-interest areas

• Seek signs of recent activity

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.

Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology

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Reconnaissance for a Potential Future Lander

Objectives:• Surface Characterization:

Assess the distribution of surface hazards, the load-bearing capacity of the surface, the structure of the subsurface, and the regolith thickness…

• Scientific Value: Assess the composition of surface materials, the geologic context of the surface, the potential for geologic activity, the proximity of near surface water, and the potential for active upwelling of ocean material…

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.

Reconnaissance Goal: Characterize scientifically compelling sites*, and hazards, for a potential future landed mission to Europa

Lander Concept from 2012 Study

*Approximately 5 km x 10 km

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Innovative Mission Concept

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.

• Utilize multiple satellite gravity assists to enable “global-regional coverage” of Europa while in orbit around Jupiter

• Current mission design consists of 45 low-altitude flybys of Europa from Jupiter orbit over 3.5 yr

• Minimizes time in high radiation environment

• Simple repetitive operations

Comprehensive Surface CoverageGround tracks Permit Globally Distributed Regional Coverage

10Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. 3/4/14

Jovian Tour

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only

EVEEGA Interplanetary TrajectoryEELV – (ATLAS/Delta-IV/Falcon)

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only

• Launch period opens May 2022• Earth/Venus/Earth/Earth Gravity Assist• Arrive Jovian System January, 2030 (7.5 Years)

SLS2022 Direct-to-Jupiter Trajectory

(2.73 year flight time)

Direct-to-Jupiter Trajectory & Jovian TourSLS Launch Option

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only

• Launch period opens June 2022• Arrive Jovian System March, 2025 (2.7 Years)• Tour after Jupiter orbit insertion is the same for both vehicles• The project will maintain dual launch capability through CDR

S/C Height 5.5 mSolar Array Width including booms 22 m

Panels (6) 3m x 4m each~50 sq, m cell area

Flight System(Solar Configuration)

Nadir Instrument

Panel

Avionics Vault

Reaction WheelsACS Thruster

Clusters (1 of 4)

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only

Conceptual Design

Europa Clipper Concept SummaryObjectives:

• Ocean: Existence, extent, salinity

• Ice Shell: Water within or beneath; nature of surface-ice-ocean exchange

• Composition: Key compounds; links to ocean composition

• Geology: Surface feature formation; sites of recent or current activity

• Reconnaisance: Surface characteristics at lander scales

Operations Concept:• 45 low-altitude flybys from Jupiter orbit• Investigation of globally distributed regions• Simple and repetitive science operations• Minimal time in high radiation environment

Validated Cost Estimate:• Aerospace validated cost: $2.1B

($FY15, w/o LV)

Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only