ASTM C150 AND AASHTO M85 STANDARDS AND HARMONIZATION UPDATEcement.org/manufacture/pdf/AASHTO and...

2009 Cement Specifications

ASTM C150 AND AASHTO M85 STANDARDS AND HARMONIZATION

UPDATEMTC Meeting

August 24, 2009

Background2009 Spec Update

ASTM C150 and AASHTO M85, Standard Specification for Portland Cement

Until recently 5 significant differences

Maximum fineness

C3S content

Processing additions

Limestone

SiO2 content

DOT Portland Cement Specifications2009 Spec Update

DC

AK

AL

AR

CT

FL

GA

HI

ID

IN

KS

LA

MA

MD

MEMN

MO

MS

NC

ND

NH

NY

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

VT

WA

AZ

CA CO

IA

IL

KY

MI

NENJ

NM

NVOH

UT

WI

WV

WY

DE

MT

AASHTO M 85, 31 ASTM C 150, 16 Both, 4

PCA Survey August 1999; Amended June 2005

History and ResultsEfforts to harmonize requirements in ASTM C150 and AASHTO M85

These changes complete the “harmonization”

July 2009 editions will contain NO significant technical differences

New business

Result of efforts by Joint AASHTO-ASTM Harmonization Task Group

2009 Cement Specs Update

Harmonization Goal: Have Consistent Requirements that Meet Collective Needs1. Ensure concrete performance2. Provide means of measuring compliance3. Provide consistent material4. Use simple reliable testing and sampling methods5. Provide flexibility for optimization of available natural

resources and manufacturing technology and accommodate various user requirements

6. Ensure understandable communication between buyer and seller

First Harmonization

Fineness (single sample, average of 5)

C3S and SiO2 limits for Type II cements

Heat index (C3S+4.75C3A)

Use of up to 5% limestone


Changes in 2009 Editions

New Type II (MH)

Modify fineness provisions

Modify processing additions requirements

Revise Table 1, Footnote D


Type II(MH)New Type II(MH) — moderate heat and sulfate resistance

Maximum Blaine: 430 m2/kg*Heat index: C3S + 4.75 C3A ≤ 100C3A: maximum 8%

Type II — moderate sulfate resistanceNo maximum Blaine nor heat indexC3A: maximum 8%

Also a Type II(MH)A, air entraining

*Exemption for low heat index: 4.75C3A+C3S≤90


Type II and II(MH) StrengthStrength requirements are the same

1450 psi at 3 days2470 psi at 7 days

Lower minimum strength requirements apply only to Type II(MH) when optional ASTM C186 heat of hydration

1020 psi at 3 day1740 psi at 7 days

Fineness RequirementsNo “average” or “single sample” requirement for maximum or minimum

Minimum Blaine of 260 m2/kg for Types I, II, II(MH), IV, V

Type II(MH) and Type IV maximum 430 m2/kg Blaine


Sulfate ContentTable 1, Footnote DThe old footnote was ambiguous: Was ASTM C563 required or not? Was ASTM C1038 data?

Now reads: It is permissible to exceed the values in the table for SOIt is permissible to exceed the values in the table for SO33content, provided it has been demonstrated by Test Method content, provided it has been demonstrated by Test Method C1038 that the cement with the increased SOC1038 that the cement with the increased SO33 will not will not develop expansion exceeding 0.020% at 14 days. When the develop expansion exceeding 0.020% at 14 days. When the manufacturer supplies cement under this provision, manufacturer supplies cement under this provision, supporting data shall be supplied to the purchaser.supporting data shall be supplied to the purchaser.

Requires reporting of C1038 when table limits exceeded


Sulfate ContentNew (non-mandatory) Note 5 provides further explanation:

There are cases where performance of a cement is There are cases where performance of a cement is improved with SOimproved with SO33 in excess of the Table 1 limits in in excess of the Table 1 limits in this specification. C563 is one of several methods a this specification. C563 is one of several methods a manufacturer can use to evaluate the effect of manufacturer can use to evaluate the effect of sulfate content on cement characteristics. sulfate content on cement characteristics. Whenever SOWhenever SO33 content of a cement exceeds content of a cement exceeds Table 1 limits, C1038 results provide evidence that Table 1 limits, C1038 results provide evidence that excessive expansion does not occur at this higher excessive expansion does not occur at this higher sulfate content.sulfate content.


Processing AdditionsPreviously

AASHTO M85 limited to 1% by mass and required ASTM C465 testing for qualificationASTM C150 required C465C465 did not distinguish between organic and inorganic processing additions

NCHRP Research (Report 607)Changes to

Reporting requirementsBogue calculationsC465


Processing AdditionsASTM C465 revised to include requirements for Inorganic (IPA) and Organic (OPA) Processing Additions

AASHTO M 327 adopted with identical requirements to C465

ASTM C150 and AASHTO M 85 limits

OPAs: up to 1% by mass and qualify

IPAs: up to 5% by mass and qualify if >1%

No more than one IPA used


Processing AdditionsBogue phase composition

Calculate Bogue using base cement chemistry (clinker and sulfate) and traditional Bogue equations (no limestone correction)

Calculate and report adjusted Bogue composition corrected for use of limestone and inorganic processing additions

Processing AdditionsExample adjusted Bogue:

Base cement C3S is 63% by mass

3.5% limestone used

3% IPA

Reported C3S content is:

63% × (1.0 - 0.035 - 0.030) = 59%

Repeat for C2S, C3A, C4AF


Processing AdditionsRequired reporting

Amount of inorganic processing addition

IPA major oxides

CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, SO3

Recommended reporting

Type of IPA

Base cement Bogue phase composition

Continue to report limestone amount used, CO2content of limestone, and CaCO3 of limestone


AASHTO - ASTM Harmonization SummaryProvision AASHTO

M85-04ASTM C150-04a

AASHTO M85-09ASTM C150-09

Max Fineness (Blaine):

Single SampleAverage of 5

420 [I, II, IV, V]400 [I, II, IV, V]

No LimitNo Limit

430 [II (MH)*, IV]None

Type II max C3S 58 No Limit Type II(MH)4.75C3A+C3S≤100

Processing Additions Max 1%

No Prescriptive Limit

Organic ≤ 1%Inorganic ≤ 5%

Use of Limestone Not permitted Up to 5% Up to 5%, modified Section 5

Type II min SiO2 20% No Limit No LimitTable I Footnote D Ambiguous Ambiguous Improved clarity

*Exemption for low heat index Type II (MH) 4.75C3A+C3S≤90


ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327 Both organic (OPA) and inorganic processing additions (IPA) required to meet ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327

IPA qualified at each plant; OPA can be qualified ‘globally’

Qualification consists of testing cements with processing addition compared to a control

Normal consistency, time of setting, autoclave expansion

Mortar compressive strength, drying shrinkage, AEA content

Concrete compressive and flexural strength

90-day strength requirements dropped


ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327 OPA testing same as in the past

Specific gravity—ASTM D891

Water content—ASTM E203

IPA testing

SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, SO3, ignition loss, insoluble residue, Na2O, K2O

Specific Gravity—ASTM C188


New BusinessNew method to measure heat of hydration

Improved ways of addressing Bogue composition

Improved definition of IPAs

Use of combinations and global qualification of IPAs

Other comments returned in balloting


Questions2009 Cement Specs Update

ASTM C595: Ternary Blended Cements


Ternary Blended CementsNew Type IT

1 slag and 1 pozzolan or 2 pozzolans

Same chemical and physical limits for ternary blended cements as for binary blended cements (IP or IS) with the same predominant SCM

Amount and type of SCMs used in nomenclature


Ternary Blended CementsNomenclature

Format: Type IT(AX)(BY)

Where A and B are SCM types and X and Y are amounts

S=slag or P=pozzolan

Primary (highest content) SCM listed first

If X=Y requirements of Type IT(P>S) apply (Type IP)

Example: Type IT(S25)(P15) contains 25% slag and 15% pozzolan


Ternary Blended Cements

Since Type IT(S25)(P15) has more slag than pozzolan, requirements are the same as Type IS(25)

Type IT can meet MS, HS, or LH options


C595 Table 1Test

MethodIS (< 70),

IT(P<S<70)IS (≥70)IT(S≥70)

IP,IT(P≥S)

MgO, max, % C 114 . . . . . . 6.0

SO3, max, % C 114 3.0 4.0 4.0S2-, max, % C 114 2.0 2.0 ...

Insol., max, % C 114 1.0 1.0 ...

LOI, max, % C 114 3.0 4.0 5.0


Test

IS (<70),IT(P<S<70),

IP,IT(P>S)

IS (< 70) (MS),IT(P<S<70)(MS)

IP(MS),IT(P>S)(MS)

IS (< 70) (HS),IT(P<S<70)(HS)

IP (HS),IT(P>S)(HS)

IS(≥70),IT(S≥70)

IP(LH)IT(P>S)(LH)

Fineness C204C430

C C C C C

Autoclave expansion, max, %

C151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80

Autoclave contraction, max, %

C151 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20

Vicat test: minutes, not less

than hours, not more than

C191

45

7

45

7

45

7

45

7

45

7

Air content of mortar, volume %

C185 12 12 12 12 12


ASTM C1157: Type HE Strengths


2008 Revisions

Significant revisions to make C1157 more “friendly”

Strength options simplified

Changes to strength requirements to be consistent with C595 requirements for similar types


2009 Revision

No Type HE equivalent in C595

Type HE strength requirements changed to match C150 Type III


GU HE MS HS MH LH

1 day ... 12(1740) ... ... ... ...

3 days 13(1890)

24(3480)

11(1600)

11(1600)

5(725) ...

7 days 20(2900) ... 18

(2610)18

(2610)11

(1600)11

(1600)

28 days 28 (4060) ... ... 25

(3620) ... 21(3050)


Questions2009 Cement Specs Update

ASTM C150 AND AASHTO M85 STANDARDS AND HARMONIZATION UPDATEcement.org/manufacture/pdf/AASHTO and...

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