Association Communications 4 23
description
Transcript of Association Communications 4 23
![Page 1: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Above and beyond.
Association Association CommunicationsCommunications
ACSM Annual Conference and Technology Exhibition
Orlando, April 25, 2006
Jason ClurmanJason Clurman
Ilse GenoveseIlse Genovese
![Page 2: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Association CommunicationsAssociation Communications
Communication about communication Types of communication Understanding the needs and challenges Trends in scholarly communications Response to new trends Know the facts Adapt or perish
![Page 3: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Communication about Communication
Why talk about association communications? Commitment to share information Change driven by ICT Practical and economic realities
![Page 4: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Types of CommunicationTypes of Communication
Scientific [scholarly, academic] Professional [technology] Publicity, marketing WWW, Intranet, Extranets Broadcast mail and e-mail Speaking engagements Conferences
![Page 5: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Types of CommunicationTypes of Communication
Scholarly publishingStarted 400 years ago in England with Royal
Society’s Philosophical TransactionsSupports and furthers R&DMany of the best known science and
technology journals are published by professional societies
The publisher-pays/retains copyright model is being challenged
![Page 6: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Understanding the Needs and ChallengesUnderstanding the Needs and Challenges
Increasing demand for free access to scientific information
Expanding online publishing Greater scrutiny of publishers and their
journals
![Page 7: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Trends in scholarly communicationsTrends in scholarly communications
TrendsThe state of the publishing businessOnline vs. printOpen access
![Page 8: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
The state of the publishing The state of the publishing businessbusiness
• RoweCom/Divine… the gracing of subscriptions
• Librarians faced with declining budgets• ~2% increase in government funding for
2004-2005• College and University Endowments are
down ~5%• Subscriptions are falling• Advertising revenue is falling
![Page 9: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Online vs. PrintOnline vs. Print• Pros of Online
» Online journal is becoming the journal of record» Younger audience is finding more information online» Online journal provides a more interactive way to read
material» Easier to disseminate information to a broader audience
• Cons of Online» Cost of online can be as expensive if not more » How do we guarantee the integrity of electronic data over
the long-term?» How do we attract advertisers?» Copyright issues… how do we control access to
information?
![Page 10: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Open Access… What is it?Open Access… What is it?
• “The author(s) and copyright holder(s) grant(s) to all users a free, irrevocable, worldwide, perpetual right of access to, and a license to copy, use, distribute, transmit and display the work publicly and to make and distribute derivative works, in any digital medium for any responsible purpose, subject to proper attribution of authorship, as well as the right to make small numbers of printed copies for their personal use…
• A complete version of the work and all supplemental materials, including a copy of the permission as stated above, in a suitable standard electronic format is deposited immediately upon initial publication in at least one online repository that is supported by an academic institution, scholarly society, government agency, or other well-established organization that seeks to enable open access, unrestricted distribution, interoperability, and long-term archiving”
– PubMed Central
![Page 11: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Open Access… What it really is!Open Access… What it really is!
• Scientific, technical, medical and scholarly research made freely available to the public at the cost of Publishers and Authors, through the support of grants, author fees and government funding.
Example: Authors are asked to voluntarily deposit articles (funded by the government) to the NIH database 6 months after publish date.
![Page 12: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
InitiativesInitiatives
• Los Alamos – 1991» Paul Ginspang; Los Alamos Physicist
• http://www.lanl.gov• Scholarly Publishing & Academic Resources Alliance (SPARC) –
1998» Rick Johnson; Enterprise Director
• http://www.arl.org/sparc/home/index.asp?page=0• PubMed Central – 2000
» Harold Varmus; Director of NIH• http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov
• BioMed Central – » Jan Velterop; Publisher
• http://www.biomedcentral.com• Public Library of Science – 2003
» Harold Varmus, Chairman of the Board; Patrick Brown, Stanford Professor; Michael Eisen, Berkeley Professor
• http://www.publiclibraryofscience.org
![Page 13: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Los AlamosLos Alamos
• First free-access electronic archive» arXiv.org e-print archive» Pre-prints in physics, mathematics, computer
science and cognitive science.» Electronic posting of pre-published articles» 1,000 – 2,000 electronic transactions per hour» More than 50% of all research articles in
physics are posted to this server
![Page 14: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Scholarly Publishing and Academic Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)Resources Coalition (SPARC)
• Alliance of universities and research libraries aiming to improve the dissemination of information.
• Goals» Drive down publishing costs» Aid libraries in information dissemination» Develops competitive alternatives to high-
priced commercial journals and digital aggregations
![Page 15: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
PubMed CentralPubMed Central• NIH developed and funded electronic publishing
archive (Not a publisher).• Peer reviewed life sciences articles. No Pre-prints are
accepted.• Participation is voluntary and copyright remains with
the publisher.• Access if free and unrestricted.• 100 plus journals are hosted.• Many publishers/societies/associations currently
utilizing site to host articles.» PNAS» Molecular Biology of the Cell
![Page 16: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
BioMed CentralBioMed Central
• Independent Publishing House publishing both print and online.
• Free access to 100+ Journals in biology and medicine hosted.
• Online submission and peer-review technology is free of charge to groups of scientists wishing to run an open-access journal under their editorial control.
• Authors’ fees and institutional memberships fund open-access.
• Authors who publish in BioMed hold copyright.
![Page 17: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Public Library of Science (PLOS)Public Library of Science (PLOS)
• Coalition of Research Scientists dedicated to making scientific and medical literature freely available to the public.» Circulated a letter that was signed by over 30,000 scientists in
over 180 countries in support of Open Access.• Operating on Authors fees and a 9 million dollar grant from the
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.• Publishes in Print and Online
» PLOS Biology (October 03’)» PLOS Medicine (Fall 04’) » PLOS Chemistry» PLOS Genetics» Etc…
• Peer-reviewed and edited by a leading academic and professional editorial board.
![Page 18: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Open Access… Sabo BillOpen Access… Sabo Bill
• Sabo Bill Works of the United States Government are beyond the reach of copyright protection so that they will be freely available for the benefit of the people of the United States;
United States Government funded research belongs to, and should be freely available to, every person in the United States.
Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work produced pursuant to scientific research substantially funded by the Federal Government to the extent provided in the funding agreement entered into by the relevant Federal agency pursuant to paragraph (2).
PROVISION IN FUNDING AGREEMENTS- Any Federal department or agency that enters into a funding agreement with any person for the performance of scientific research substantially funded by the Federal Government shall include in the agreement a provision that states that copyright protection under this title is not available for any work produced pursuant to such research under the agreement.
![Page 19: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Open Access … Who pays?Open Access … Who pays?
• Survey taken of PNAS authors» Are you willing to pay a surcharge to make your
article freely available online at time of publication?• Yes: 104 (49.5%)• No: 106 (50.5%)
» If yes, what is the maximum amount you would be willing to pay for open access?
• $500: 81 (79.4%)• $1,000: 15 (14.7%)• $1,500: 4 (3.9%)• $2,000: 2 (2.0%)
• Average cost to publish an article…» $2,000 - $10,000
![Page 20: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Response to new trendsResponse to new trends
• Small/Medium Societies and Associations» Forced to compete with Open Access.» Find new ways to generate revenues to support an open-access
publishing model.» Many are concerned they will not be able to support a publishing model.
• University Presses» Develop an Open-Access Model» Charge Authors up front» Look for government grants and funding
• Commercial Publishers» Create Open-Access Journals» Fund through author fees, other non-open-access journals» Currently testing the models» Utilize Open-Access archives to save face» Profits will be cut» Journals may disappear
![Page 21: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
JISC study Circulation Costs Revenue Subscription trends
ACSM publishers’ experience
![Page 22: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
Circulation MailingPrint and onlineOnline only
![Page 23: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
CostsCosts: Trends: Fixed costs up; variable driven by market forces and technology
![Page 24: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
CostsCosts: Printed journal
Cost of mailing single most important costContent creation up Member subscriptions account for 2/3 of total
subscriptions filledMember subscriptions filled below cost
Online journal Content creation variableCost of distribution downMembers receive online journal as a member
benefit
![Page 25: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
Revenue sourcesRevenue sourcesInstitutional subscriptions
97% of total subscription revenue (2004) 86% of total journal revenue
Member subscriptions 6% of journal revenue
Author payments Non-member [personal] subscriptions
2% of total subscription revenue received
![Page 26: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
Subscription trendsInstitutional
Overall, institutional subscriptions fell [22%]56% fall in print subscriptions
Online only up [23%]Mainly technology fieldsMainly international subscriptions
Members subsDepends on membership drivePush to encourage online only
![Page 27: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
CaGIS, 2005-2006 Subscriptions
2005: Institutional 449 [40 print/online; 19 online only]2005: Membership 569
2006: Institutional 380 [45 print/online; 23 online only]2006: Membership 449
RevenueTotal 2005 subscription [I+M] revenue: $86,040Member portion of dues declared for publishing: $25,605
30% total sub revenueInstitutional subs revenue: $60,435
70% total sub revenue Costs: high fixed costs [review]; low print run = no economies of scale
![Page 28: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Know the FactsKnow the Facts SaLIS, 2005-2006
*online coming w/ March 2006 Subscriptions
2005: Institutional 377 2005: Membership 4,701 2006: Institutional 330 2006: Membership 4,330
Revenue Total 2005 subscription [I+M] revenue: $245,545 Member portion of dues declared for publishing: $211,545
86% total subscriptions Institutional subs revenue: $ 34,000
14% total sub revenue Total SaLIS cost: $ 56,000 Paid from membership dues: $56k-$34k = $ 22,000
![Page 29: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Know the FactsKnow the Facts
Summary CaGIS SaLIS
![Page 30: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Adapt or PerishAdapt or Perish
Seeking the full potential of academic publishing
Cutting cost of content creation Taking advantage of technology (Digital
Art)
![Page 31: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Adapt or PerishAdapt or Perish
Seeking the full potential of publishingOnline Journal Utilizing Digital Art Online Peer-review and submission Online Manuscript TrackingOffering Alternative publishing options for authors
Color online vs. b/w in printConventional reprintsElectronic reprints
![Page 32: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Adapt or PerishAdapt or Perish
Cutting cost of content creationArtwork for print and online publishing—Different
requirements
![Page 33: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Digital Art…Digital Art… ““The Good…The Good…
““The Bad…The Bad…
““The ‘I didn’t know it was a problem’…The ‘I didn’t know it was a problem’…
““The Good…The Good…keep up the good workkeep up the good work” ”
““The Bad…The Bad…see if we can helpsee if we can help” ”
““The ‘I didn’t know it was a problem’…The ‘I didn’t know it was a problem’… a little education can go a long waya little education can go a long way” ”
Preparing artworkPreparing artwork
![Page 34: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
• Time savings.• Promotion of online distribution.• Image quality improvements.• Online submission creates opportunities to
realize full benefits of peer-review and manuscript tracking systems.
Expectations from Expectations from UsableUsable Digital Art Digital Art
![Page 35: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
• Incompatible file formats
• Poor quality for print production
• Insufficient resolution
• Wrong size for page layout
• Assumptions about appearance of art in
print reflecting monitor appearance
Digital Art ChallengesDigital Art Challenges
![Page 36: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Certifying digital art filesCertifying digital art files
A few necessary checks to certifyart files:
• File type • Resolution• RGB vs CMYK • Fonts included?• Compression type
![Page 37: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Above and beyond.
ImageImageFundamentalsFundamentals
![Page 38: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
From hardcopy art using scanning equipment• can be accomplished, with mixed results,
by anyone who purchases a scanner
From computer software• Illustrator, PhotoShop, and others…
From digital imaging equipment• scientific and medical lab environments
Digitizing artDigitizing art
![Page 39: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
File Formats
FOR PRINTING• TIFF - Tagged Image File Format• EPS - Encapsulated PostScript
FOR THE WEB• GIF - Graphic Interchange Format• JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts
Group
Digital Image FundamentalsDigital Image Fundamentals
![Page 40: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
VectorRaster
Raster: pixel-based, resolution-dependent
Vector: mathematically-defined, resolution-independent
Digital Image FundamentalsDigital Image Fundamentals
![Page 41: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Scalability of a raster image is limited.
• As the scale of a raster image is increased, the effective resolution decreases.
Digital Image FundamentalsDigital Image Fundamentals
![Page 42: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
• Scalability of a vector image is virtually unlimited.
• Since vector images are resolution independent, there is no relationship between scaling and resolution
Digital Image FundamentalsDigital Image Fundamentals
![Page 43: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Digital Image FundamentalsDigital Image Fundamentals
• What is color?
• RGB vs. CMYK
• Color gamuts
Color gamut comparison
![Page 44: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Color Gamut
• Dimensional representation of color space.
• All the possible colors that the human eye can see
• The RGB gamut – versus – The CMYK gamut
Digital Image FundamentalsDigital Image Fundamentals
![Page 45: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
RGB: What the author saw… CMYK: What the printer printed…
What the Author said to the Publisher: But it looked good on my monitor…
![Page 46: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Typical systems and applications for exchanging and outputting digital files:
Mac or PCAdobe IllustratorAdobe PhotoShop
These applications are not recommended for print production:
Microsoft PowerpointMicrosoft WordMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Publisher
Software - what works?Software - what works?
![Page 47: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
• Use standard fonts (Publication specific fonts):• Helvetica• Times Roman• Symbol• Mathematical PI• European PI
• Always embed fonts, otherwise fonts will be replaced resulting in data loss or realignment.
Digital Image Fundamentals - FontsDigital Image Fundamentals - Fonts
![Page 48: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Digital Image Fundamentals - FontsDigital Image Fundamentals - Fonts
Missing or Substituted Fonts
What the author saw… What the printer printed…
![Page 49: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Compositoror Printer
Author Publisher
How do you fix these???????
![Page 50: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
• DX Advisor DX Advisor an extensive web site that contains information dealing with digital files for print, for the web, and for other media. Accessible at: http://dx.sheridan.com
• DX OnlineDX Online a web based, digital art checking tool. The user can submit 10 files per session via a web transfer of the digital art to the TSG server. Files will be checked for 150+ issues/problems. An e-mail to the user will link to a DX report detailing the printability of the digital art. Accessible at: http://dx.sheridan.com/onl
DigitalExpertDigitalExpert TMTM
Major ComponentsMajor Components
DigitalExpertDigitalExpert TMTM
(DX) an umbrella name for TSG’s digital (DX) an umbrella name for TSG’s digital
print and media solutions.print and media solutions.
![Page 51: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
• Association publishing is changing» Industry and economic factors
• The online journal and Open Access as a new way to publish
• We must shift our thinking about how we prepare our content as the publishing model changes» Digital art preparation» Editorial policies
In closingIn closing
![Page 52: Association Communications 4 23](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061217/54b4b0a74a7959b9528b45f8/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
Questions?Questions?
Jason ClurmanThe Sheridan Group, Journals Division
450 Fame Avenue
Hanover, PA 17331
410-267-1618
Ilse GenoveseAmerican Congress on Surveying and
Mapping
6 Montgomery Village Ave.
Suite 403
Gaithersburg, MD 20879